The objective of this study was to determine effect of floor space allowances on the economics of raising kids. Twenty-four springborn Beetal kids (∼3 month old) were randomly divided into four groups with space allowances of 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 m² per kid as closed area for 3 months. The feed...

Barn production systems in Australia are either an indoor-housing floor system or an aviary system with multilevel structures, equipped with nesting boxes, perches and feeding and watering systems. These systems offer hens the freedom of movement and an opportunity to display a repertoire of...

The overwhelming majority of laying hens used for commercial egg production in the Serbia is con-fined in battery cages. By 2020, conventional cages will no longer be permitted in the Serbia and hens will be housed in furnished cages. The aim of this research was to assess the welfare of laying...

The health and welfare status of Swedish laying hens are favourable in an international perspective. Despite the high stocking density in non-caged hen flocks (7-9 hens/m² available area), increasing flock sizes, longer production periods and limited use of vaccines, the number of disease outbreaks ...

This review attempted to collate and synthesize information on goat welfare and production constraints during heat stress exposure. Among the farm animals, goats arguably are considered the best-suited animals to survive in tropical climates. Heat stress was found to negatively influence growth,...

Free-range laying hen housing systems are prevalent in Australia and perceived by consumers to provide greater opportunities for the expression of natural behaviour resulting in higher hen welfare. However, all housing systems have both benefits and risks and scientific evidence is needed on the ...

The welfare of laying hens in cage systems is of increasing concern. Represented by the European Union's 'End the Cage Age' initiative, more and more countries have advocated cage-free farming. China, an important country for poultry farming and consumption in the world, is highly dependent on cage ...

In recent years nematodosis in cattle are widely spread over the central part of Russia that seems to be caused by several anthropogenic factors. Based on results of study of 686 heads at stall-pasture housing, 289 heads at all year round stall housing, 334 heads at all year round stall housing...

Cows can be held free in the barn, on the link, at pasture, or in a combined manner. Each holding method has its advantages and disadvantages. The benefits of keeping cows at pasture are freedom of movement, natural feeding, and forming groups within the herd, while the disadvantages are a lack of...