Animal Welfare, 3rd Edition

About the book

This bestselling textbook continues to provide a broad introduction to the key topics in the welfare of animals both large and small, farm and companion, wild and zoo. It retains all the popular features of the previous editions with coverage of key issues such as ethics, animal pain and injury, health and disease, social conditions, and welfare dilemmas and problems. Importantly, it also offers practical advice for welfare assessment, with a full section dedicated to the implementation of solutions. The third edition:

Contains many more examples of welfare issues in different countries, particularly the implications for smallholders as well as larger scale agriculture
Covers fish welfare as well as welfare of amphibians, reptiles and invertebrates
Includes concepts of positive emotion and other positive aspects of welfare
Focuses on animal welfare and sustainability
Includes an integrated eBook with additional material and videos

Access the additional online content and videos below.

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Animal Welfare

Videos

Video 2.1 Hens dust bathing
Video 2.2 Playing calves
Video 2.3 Dog playing in snow (video: Yezica Norling).
Video 2.4 Quail stereotypic escape behaviour

Video 13.1 Cows cannot groom their own face and neck, and a brush is a simple enrichment that reduces discomfort and increases comfort.
Video 13.2 Cows in cubicle housing.
Video 13.3 Cubicles provided for dairy cows are neither long nor wide enough for unconstrained resting behaviour; they are restricted both by cost and for management reasons (as a cow standing in a longer cubicle may defecate within the cubicle).
Video 13.4 Cows at a feed face, showing only mild displacements and other social interactions.
Video 13.5 Egg production methods including furnished cages.
Video 13.6 Environmental enrichment for zoo polar bears, including training.

Video 14.1 Cows in an intensive silvopastoral system in Yucatán, México.

Video 16.1 New Hampshire laying hens during sampling of locomotor activity in their home pen at 5 weeks of age.

Chapter 2

Fig_2.6E Group housing calves

Fig_2.7E Research on the welfare of zoo elephants is using some methods developed in farm animals, such as this pedometer

Fig_2.9E Calves playing

Fig_2.10E Social grooming in horses.

Fig_2.11E Cow and calf affiliative behaviour. (Courtesy of Yezica Norling.)

Fig_2.12E Positive social interactions between elephants

Fig_2.13E A cow’s swollen knee.

Fig_2.15Ea An example of housing systems designed with the animal’s natural behaviour in mind for laboratory rats.

Fig_2.15Eb An example of housing systems designed with the animal’s natural behaviour in mind for farrowing sows.

Fig_2.18E Data are available from systems such as automated milking systems for dairy cows.

Chapter 8

Appendix 8

Fig. 8.1E. Thin ewe with dental disease. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.3E. Cow with Johne’s Disease infected by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies
paratuberculosis. (https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/oc/graphics/photos/300dpi/kesa/d1441-1.jpg)

Fig. 8.4E. The costs of sickness behaviour to direct fitness. Behavioural (pink) and physiological
(green) signs of sickness can, either directly or indirectly, lead to maladaptive consequences (orange) that reduce individual fitness. (From Shakhar and Shakhar (2015) using a Creative Commons Public License; http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.)

Fig. 8.5E. The benefits of sickness behaviour to indirect fitness. Signs of sickness behaviour (pink) can suppress (red connectors) or promote (green arrows) several mediating behaviours (yellow), consequently reducing pathogen transmission through several routes (blue). (From Shakhar and Shakhar (2015) using a Creative Commons Public License; http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.)

Fig. 8.6E. Granulomatous inflammation in the small intestines of a goat with Johne’s disease. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.7E. Goat with Johne’s disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.8E. Sheep with tooth abscess. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.9E. Sheep with caseous lymphadenitis abscess caused by infection with the bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.10E. Lungs of sheep with caseous lymphadenitis abscess caused by infection with the bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.11E. Post-mortem signs of pneumonia in a calf.

Fig. 8.12E. Sheep with mastitis. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.13E. Diarrhoea in young lambs, due to coccidiosis. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.14E. Anaemia in sheep due to Haemonchus contortus. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.15E. Sheep with sarcoptic mange caused by mites (Sarcoptes scabiei var. ovis). (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.16E. Sheep with nose bot fly, Oestrus ovis. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.17E. Mortality in laying hen housing systems. Box plots for mortality of laying hens between 60 and 80 weeks of age in each housing system using data from ten studies (3851 flocks). (From Weeks et al., 2016, using a Creative Commons Public License; http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.)

Fig. 8.18E. Thorough cleaning and disinfection of calf pens.

Fig. 8.19E. Rinsing of calf pens after disinfection.

Fig. 8.20E. Sheep showing signs of polioencephalomalacia (cerebrocortical necrosis), a nervous system disease associated with nutritional factors affecting the availability of thiamine (vitamin B1). (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.21E. Lame cull dairy cow with extensive swelling of a foot.

Fig. 8.22E. Lame cull dairy cow.

Fig. 8.23E. Veal calf with ulcerated bursitis lesion.

Fig. 8.24E. Foot rot lesion in a sheep. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.25E. Foot scald lesion in a sheep. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.26E. Lameness in a ram showing characteristic kneeling posture to graze. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.27E. Sick sheep showing signs associated with pneumonia. (Courtesy of Dr Paula Menzies.)

Fig. 8.28E. Veal calf with diarrhoea.

Fig 8.29E Calf with nasal discharge.

Chapter 13

Fig. 13.1E. Provision of nesting material, here in the form of shredded paper, for laboratory mice serves as environmental enrichment and contributes to the thermoregulatory behaviour of the animals. (Courtesy of Brianna Gaskill.)

Fig. 13.2E. Conventional meat-chicken production in Europe uses fast-growing broiler strains stocked at 18–19 birds/m2; the broilers shown here are close to their slaughter weight of 2.2 kg. (Courtesy of Björn Forkman.)

Fig. 13.3E. Mink provided with enrichment materials, in particular tubes to hide in, perform less stereotypic behaviour than mink kept in cages of double size without enrichment. (Courtesy of Steffen W. Hansen, Aarhus University.)

Fig. 13.7E(a). When calves drink milk from teat buckets, without a barrier between calves (Courtesy of Margit Bak Jensen, Aarhus University.)

Fig. 13.7E(b). When calves drink milk from teat buckets, with a short barrier stopping at the shoulders of the calves, the calves switch teats often and displace other drinking calves. (Courtesy of Margit Bak Jensen, Aarhus University.)

Fig. 13.7E(c). When calves drink milk from teat buckets the calves switch teats often and displace other drinking calves. This is greatly reduced if the calves are separated by a long barrier while they are drinking. (Courtesy of Margit Bak Jensen, Aarhus University.)

Chapter 14

Fig. 14.2E. Domestic fowl exhibit anti-predator behaviour, including clustering together and behavioural synchrony when performing vulnerable activities such as (a) drinking and (b) dust bathing. (Courtesy of Ruth C. Newberry.)

Fig. 14.2E (a)

Fig. 14.2E (b)

Fig. 14.3E. Domestic pigs expressed basic features of the natural behaviour of wild boar when kept in the semi-natural environment of the Edinburgh Pig Park. (a) Nesting; (b) early excursion from the nest; (c) young boar investigating sow; (d) social learning about food sources; (e) play with littermates and related peers; (f) integration of litters and natural weaning. (Courtesy of Ruth C. Newberry.)

Fig. 14.3E. (a)

Fig. 14.3E. (b)

Fig. 14.3E. (c)

Fig. 14.3E. (d)

Fig. 14.3E. (e)

Fig. 14.3E. (f)

Fig. 14.5E. Ground plan of Stolba ‘family pen system’ for pigs. (From Stolba and Wood-Gush, 1984.)

Fig. 14.5E.

Fig. 14.6E. Stolba ‘family pen system’ for pigs. (a) One of four nesting and feeding/activity areas joined by outdoor path (elimination area); (b) piglets from up to four litters socializing with boar in a rooting area. (Courtesy of Ruth C. Newberry.)

Fig. 14.6E. (a)

Fig. 14.6E. (b)

Fig. 14.7E. Rabbit housing system for breeding groups. (a) Plan; (b) feeding and central area; (c) central structure; (d) nesting area, with a doe performing olfactory control of the nest entrance; (e) two compartment nesting box with tunnel-like nest entrance (ne) and the first compartment plugged with straw; (f) pup area. (From Stauffacher, 1992.)

Fig. 14.7E. (a)

Fig. 14.7E. (b)

Fig. 14.7E. (c)

Fig. 14.7E. (d)

Fig. 14.7E. (e)

Fig. 14.7E. (f)

Fig. 14.10E. A vertical barrier that helps to decrease aggressive interactions between cats. (From Desforges et al., 2016.)

Fig. 14.10E

Fig. 14.12E. Relationships between enclosure size (in units such as square metres), group size (number of individuals) and density (individuals per unit area: relative values).