Various pathologies in foals, such as abdominal, urogenital, traumatic or orthopedic, as well as endoscopic examination and diagnostic imaging, may require sedation and general anesthesia. However, research shows that foals' general anesthesia, especially during the first four weeks of their life,...

Objective: To compare ultrasonographic and computed tomographic findings in neonatal foals prior to surgical repair of rib fractures as well as postoperative outcomes in foals with and without preoperative thoracic computed tomography (CT). Study design: Retrospective cohort study. Sample...

The newborn foal is not just the miniature version of an adult horse and presents a unique challenge for anaesthesia and pain management. Most of the drugs used in the adult can be used in the foal, however; some modification of dose and administration interval is required due to physiological...

A 1-day-old American Paint Horse was presented for a large air-filled mass along the ventral aspect of the neck. Bronchoscopy and oesophagoscopy revealed no sign of communication with the trachea or oesophagus. Radiographs and a computed tomography scan of the neck identified a communicating tract...

A one-month-old Thoroughbred colt presented with left hindlimb lameness grade 5/5, according to the American Association of Equine Practitioners' lameness scale. The colt started showing signs of lameness two weeks earlier without being involved in an accident. A local veterinarian examined the ...

Two foals undergoing surgery for angular limb deformities were anaesthetised using ketamine:propofol admixture (ketofol). Ketamine was used at 2 and 1 mg/kg, and propofol at 2 and 1.5 mg/kg in cases 1 and 2, respectively. Induction of general anaesthesia was smooth and occurred within 30 seconds...

This paper describes a case of partial lack of the mesocolon in a 7-month-old colt. The foal was referred to the hospital with clinical signs of severe abdominal distension of a few hours duration. Because analgesics did not relieve pain, the foal remained uncomfortable, and distension of the...

Esophageal obstruction is a commonly occurring disease in adult horses, however, the reported incidence in nursing foals is quite low. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the medical records of 20 foals aged up to six months suffering from primary esophageal obstruction. We assessed ...

Background: Epidural administration of morphine has been shown to be an effective analgesic strategy in horses; however, the possible occurrence of side effects limits its usage. In order to decrease their frequency, it is important to target the minimal effective plasma concentration and avoid...

A five-day-old female Thoroughbred foal was diagnosed with uroperitoneum and ruptured bladder. Prior to general anaesthesia mild hyperkalaemia (5.2 mmol L^-1) and respiratory distress were noticed. Under general anaesthesia urine was drained rapidly by free flow through an abdominal incision. During ...