The European Union legislation prescribes that generalised cases of septicaemia must be condemned at meat inspection. In Denmark, bovine carcasses with lesions indicating septicaemia are subjected to an additional investigation to elucidate whether findings reflect a generalised or local condition. ...

Fluroxypyr-1-methylheptyl ester (FPMH) is an auxin herbicide that is widely applied to crops and pastures to block growth of post-emergence weeds. Several studies have reported the toxicity of FPMH in aquatic vertebrates. However, the adverse impacts of FPMH on mammals, including domestic animals,...

After oral contamination, zearalenone (ZEN) is rapidly absorbed in organisms and can be detected in biological fluids. In this study, we investigated the metabolites of ZEN in the biological fluids of cows (blood, urine, milk). The study was divided into three stages: preparation (the first stage), ...

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a hydrogenated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), is one of the most common and threatening aflatoxins found in milk and dairy products. The ATP-binding cassette G2 efflux transporter (ABCG2) plays an important role in the mammary transport of drugs and toxins in animals, but...

From 2007 to 2019, the Western College of Veterinary Medicine Disease Investigation Unit conducted lead investigations in 12 beef cow-calf herds and tested 1104 presumed exposed but clinically unaffected cattle, 49 of which were unsafe for slaughter (blood lead ≥ 0.1 ppm). In all investigations,...

The aim of this study was to further develop and extensively describe a surgical technique in order to realise long-term fetal blood sampling in the bovine species. Eleven Holstein-Friesian 6- to 8-month pregnant cows (4-10 years old) were used for this study. Gestational age on the day of surgery...

The evaluation of heavy metals in milk can be considered as an indicator of environmental contamination of a place, so the objective of the investigation was to determine the presence of Lead, Mercury and Arsenic in raw milk from Machachi, Pichincha Province-Ecuador. Fifty eight samples were...

Heavy metals toxicity, as well as the cumulative effects on the human body, require regular monitoring of their concentration in cow's milk. In dairy cows, heavy metals can cause loss of appetite, reproductive imbalances, and long-term consequences on milk production, among other concerns. Cow feed ...

Introduction - Chronic Enzootic Hematuria (CEH) is a bladder disorder due to bracken fern intake and observed in grazing cows of south Italy. Modern imaging techniques such as ultrasound and cystoscopy can be recently applied in alive animals to perform diagnosis. Aim - The goals of present ...

Oleander is a spontaneous shrub widely occurring in Mediterranean regions. Poisoning is sporadically reported in livestock, mainly due to the ingestion of leaves containing toxic cardiac glycosides (primarily oleandrin). In this study, 50 lactating Fleckvieh cows were affected after being offered a ...