For many years, modifications of the uterine extracellular matrix (ECM) during gestation have not been considered as critical for successful canine (Canis lupus familiaris) pregnancy. However, previous reports indicated an effect of free-floating blastocysts on the composition of the uterine ECM....

A 2-year-6-month-old, primiparous, female, entire Maltese terrier presented 4 weeks after whelping with an acute history of lethargy and vulval haemorrhage. It was found to be anaemic and severely thrombocytopenic, which raised the concern about thrombocytopenia being the primary cause of the...

Subinvolution of placental sites (SIPS) is the major cause of persistent sanguineous vaginal discharge after parturition in the bitch. Spontaneous remission is common but may take several months, and hence, medical therapy to end the discharge is often requested. In this retrospective study, we...

A Labrador retriever bitch brought with the history of bloody vaginal discharge since two month after whelping was confirmed as subinvolution of placental sites and was successfully treated with low oral dose of progesterone.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-A receptor (Flt-1) and KiSS-1 receptor (KiSS-1R) all play a role in trophoblast invasion in a number of mammalian species. However, mRNA expression of factors...

A three-year-old, sexually intact, female American Staffordshire terrier was presented with chronic postpartum vulvar haemorrhage. Sixty-one days before presentation, the bitch had whelped 10 puppies. A tentative diagnosis of subinvolution of placental sites was made when syncythial...

Retrospective analysis of the bitches (n=164) presented to the veterinary gynaecology and obstetrics outdoor between 1985 to 2005 was done. The percent frequencies of dystocia (n=19), vaginal tumors (n=17), psuedopregnancy (n=19), pregnancy/estrus reference (n=41), pyometra (n=52), anestrus (n=10)...

This paper describes the different indications of hormonal therapy in canine reproductive disorders, such as induction of oestrus, termination of pregnancy, induction of midgestation abortion, pyometra, postpartum metritis and subinvolution of placental sites, placental retention and...

Various disorders, some of which are life-threatening, can develop in bitches during the puerperium. In this article, a detailed review of the literature on puerperal pathological conditions, along with excerpts from the authors' clinical experience and photographs, is presented. Initially, a brief ...