The infusion of crystalloid fluids is a key element of a therapy in kidney dehydration and failure. Improperly selected fluid may cause dangerous consequences in the form of hyperchloremia and metabolic acidosis. The authors aim at presenting the phenomenon of hyperchloremia, its complications and...

Purpose: To evaluate whole blood chloride concentration and hospital-acquired AKI in hospitalized canine patients. Secondary outcome measures included the volume-adjusted chloride load, in-hospital mortality and length of ICU stay. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective, observational study....

Acid-base disturbances have been reported in severe canine babesiosis caused by Babesia rossi (B. rossi), but they have not been studied in babesiosis caused by B. canis. The objective of this study was to determine the acid-base status, blood gases and electrolyte concentrations in naturally...

Background: A dog was presented for acute abdominal distension after inadvertent access to a large amount of dry dog food and possibly horse feed consisting of chaff, pony cubes and vitamin, mineral and yeast supplements. Results: A marked hyperchloraemia and decreased anion gap on blood...

A 5-year-old neutered male Cavalier King Charles Spaniel was evaluated for a 3-week history of progressive paresis. The dog had been receiving potassium citrate capsules to acidify urine for the past 2 years because of an earlier history of urolithiasis. Results of neurologic examination, spinal...

This study was aimed to diagnose acid-base disorders of dogs with canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE) and data to establish a rational fluid therapy regimen for patients with CPE. A total of 43 dogs which had clinical signs of CPE and had detected canine parvovirus by polymerase chain reaction, were...

Case report: This case report describes the clinical signs and case management of a 1-year-old neutered male Siberian Husky that accidentally ingested 635 mg/kg of oral acetazolamide (a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor). The dog presented with severe tachypnoea due to the development of hyperchloraemic ...

Strong, monovalent electrolyte changes are observed in all functional disorders of the adrenal cortex. Both hypercortisolism and hyperaldosteronism may lead to hypokalemia, hypematremia, and corrected hypochloremia which is associated with hypochloremic metabolic alkaiosis. Hypocortisolism and...

Canine babesiosis is a systemic tick-borne protozoan disease caused by infection with parasites of the genus Babesia. Acid-base disorders and ion imbalances have been described in dogs infected with Babesia rossi in South Africa. In this paper, the authors describe changes to monovalent ion...

CASE REPORT: A 2-year-old male neutered West Highland White Terrier was presented with tremors after engorgement of commercial dry dog food. Severe hypernatraemia and hyperchloraemia were documented. Fluid therapy targeting reduction in the serum sodium concentration and patient rehydration, and...