BACKGROUND: A common problem encountered in veterinary medicine is the euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS), which refers to a state where nonthyroidal illness (such as heart diseases) causes suppression of serum concentrations of thyroid hormone without true pathology of the thyroid gland. Chronic valve...

Heart failure is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in canines. With the improvement in diagnostic technology, diagnosis of heart failure has become a routine in referral clinics. Sixteen dogs diagnosed with congestive left heart failure, employing history, clinical signs, radiography...

We described the use of IV nitroglycerin as adjunctive therapy in three canine patients with left congestive heart failure secondary to degenerative mitral valve disease. All three dogs were admitted for signs of respiratory distress and all were determined to be in left congestive heart failure by ...

The enzyme 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoenzyme 2 (11BHSD2) is responsible for converting the active glucocorticoid cortisol to inactive cortisone and in the renal medulla protects the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) from activation by cortisol. Derangements in 11BHSD2 activity can result ...

Background: Platelets play a central role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and changes in their proteins are involved in the pathophysiology of heart diseases in humans. There is lack of knowledge about the possible role of platelets in congestive heart failure (CHF) in dogs. Thus,...

Ivabradine is an essential drug administered in current standard therapy for human heart failure and is expected to be beneficial to congestive heart failure dog. Ivabradine is a selective If Channel inhibitor. It reduces cardiac pacemaker activity and slows heart rate. There are a few reports of...

Introduction: To determine whether dogs with atrial fibrillation (AF) are more likely to develop right-sided manifestations of congestive heart failure (R-CHF) than dogs without AF. Animals: Two hundred twenty dogs diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF) secondary to degenerative mitral valve ...

We aimed to evaluate the utility and sex dependence of serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP concentration) as a predictor of survival and treatment response in dogs with heart failure. We hypothesized that the serial trend of NT-proBNP levels would be predictive of outcomes and ...

Torasemide is a loop diuretic that is more potent and has a longer duration of action than furosemide. In clinical trials, torasemide seemed to be similar in effectiveness to furosemide for treating the clinical signs of congestive heart failure (CHF) (cough, dyspnoea, exercise tolerance and oedema ...

PICO question: In dogs with congestive heart failure, does the use of torasemide as a first line diuretic result in a superior survival time when compared to furosemide? Clinical bottom line: Category of research question: Treatment The number and type of study designs reviewed: Five studies were...