A two-year-old, intact male, 45 kg Doberman Pinscher was referred with dermal nodular lesions affecting the left hindlimb. The cytological examination revealed eosinophilic inflammation. Skin biopsy specimens showed canine eosinophilic granuloma (CEG). The dog was administered oral prednisolone...

Background: The use of azathioprine (AZA) in dogs is limited by the potential for hepatotoxicity and myelosuppression. Hypothesis/Objectives; To determine the prevalence of AZA-associated hepatotoxicity in dogs with dermatological conditions receiving alternate-day AZA. The hypothesis was that dogs ...

Treatment with high corticosteroid dosages for steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA) is correlated with severe adverse effects and worse quality of life. In order to improve immunosuppression and decrease dosage and duration of glucocorticoid treatment, a second immunosuppressive drug is...

Background: The pemphigus complex is defined as a group of blistering autoimmune diseases that affects skin and mucous membrane. Pemphigus foliaceous is the most common disease in this group, being characterized by the production of autoantibodies against keratinocyte adhesion molecules. The...

Canine cutaneous sterile pyogranuloma/granuloma syndrome (SPGS) is an uncommon skin disease in dogs and cats. Clinical manifestations are skin lesions such as papules, nodules and plaques; however, nodules are the most commonly described lesions in the course of cutaneous sterile...

Background: Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a common canine autoimmune skin disease, in which systemic manifestations are absent. Skin Lesions are usually present on the nasal planum, and characterised by erythema, depigmentation, erosion, ulceration, and crusting. The diagnosis is based on...

BACKGROUND: Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive agent that is used in a variety of dermatologic, digestive and hematologic disorders in both humans and small animals. OBJECTIVES: The effects of long term Azathioprine administration on complete blood count, rate of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, serum...

The treatment of immune-mediated diseases in dogs and cats continues to evolve as new therapies are adapted from human medicine. Glucocorticoids remain the first-line treatment followed by second-line therapies including cyclosporine, azathioprine (dogs), chlorambucil, or mycophenolate. Second-line ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cytotoxic effects of azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, and 6-thioguanine on canine hepatocytes. SAMPLE: Commercially available cryopreserved canine primary hepatocytes. PROCEDURES: The study consisted of 2 trials. In trial 1, hepatocytes were incubated with azathioprine, ...

A 10-year-old, spayed female Shih Tzu dog presented with a history of progressive erythema and multiple crusts developing 85 days previously. The dog had been diagnosed with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) 55 days prior to presentation and was treated with oral trilostane (2.86 mg/kg, once daily) that...