This article explores the reasons (the term differentials is often used by UK behaviourists) for aggression by pet parrots directed toward caregivers and household members when they attempt to physically interact with the parrot, and consequences that lack of touch may have on the caregiver-parrot...

The interest in the welfare of zoo animals, from both the public and the scientific community, has long been biased towards mammals. However, growing evidence of the complex behavioural repertoires of less charismatic animals, such as reptiles, reveals the necessity to better comply with their...

A 5-year-old, male African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus) was presented with multiple, slow-growing, firm, bilateral masses around the dorsal orbital rims. Computer tomographic imaging revealed mild, incomplete bridging bone formation on the rostrodorsal aspects of the head. A moderate amount of ...

Background: Haemoproteus and Plasmodium species are widespread avian blood parasites. Several Plasmodium species are known for their high virulence and have caused significant declines in naïve bird populations. The impact of closely related Haemoproteus parasites is largely unknown. Recently we...

Behavioural responses vary significantly within the Reptile Class when stressed, fearful or frustrated, making it very difficult to observe or measure their emotional state. Reptiles are not commonly seen in general veterinary practice which can mean that suitable accommodation is not always...

Ornamental fish are amongst the most popular pets in the world, with a massive number of thriving hobbyist groups both online and in person. The global trade of ornamental fish is growing rapidly. However, documentation of the production of fish is limited, despite this, considerable inroads have...

Parrot ownership is growing increasingly popular in the UK. Many veterinary professionals will find themselves treating a parrot at some point in their careers. Knowledge of the husbandry requirements of different species including housing, diet, hygiene, socialisation and enrichment is essential...

In this study, we describe two novel adenoviruses isolated from (i) a common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) found dead and examined post-mortem and (ii) pooled samples from free-living sand lizards (Lacerta agilis agilis). Sequencing indicated the two were closely related atadenovirus strains which were ...

Background: This survey of tortoise owners was performed to investigate the factors contributing to morbidity and mortality during and post-brumation in captive Testudo species in the United Kingdom. Methods: Information regarding a total of 270 tortoises was included in the study, from 252...

Lead poisoning has been highly reported in birds. The percentage reported in psittacines is slightly higher than that reported in birds of prey and waterfowl. The lead source in psittacines can be found in the lead putty used for windows, paint, solders, electrical clips and in some avian cages...