Background: New terminology on chronic, inflammatory lower airway diseases of horses has been recently introduced. Equine asthma syndrome includes inflammatory airway disease (IAD) and recurrent airway obstruction (RAO, heaves), as these diseases resemble human asthma in many respects. Updates...

Equine asthma is the current terminology that covers chronic non-infectious lower airway disorders in the horse. Mild and moderate equine asthma reflect the syndrome previously referred to as inflammatory airway disease, while severe asthma reflects both recurrent airway obstruction and summer...

The aim of this study was to compare results of four different allergy tests from healthy and RAO-affected horses and to evaluate the clinical relevance of positive tested allergens via specific inhalation provocation test. Nine RAO-affected horses and 6 healthy horses underwent a complete lung...

Background: New terminology on chronic, inflammatory lower airway diseases of horses has been recently introduced. Equine asthma syndrome includes inflammatory airway disease (IAD) and recurrent airway obstruction (RAO, heaves), as these diseases resemble human asthma in many respects. Updates...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of antioxidant enzymes in horses diagnosed with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). The study was conducted on a group of 40 horses, various breeds, divided into two groups, aged 8-15 years, including 15 males and 25 mares. Blood was collected for...

Objective - To use noninvasive respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP) to investigate differences in breathing patterns between horses with and without recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) during the onset of airway obstruction induced through confinement to stables. Animals - 12 horses with no...

Recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), also known as heaves, is an allergic respiratory condition that develops in horses following an exposure to aeroallergens in hay and straw. This is manifested by airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, bronchoconstriction, as well as a leukocyte and platelet...

The aim of the present study was to compare the grade of discharge accumulation in the tracheal lumen, area of tracheal bifurcation, main bronchi and the tracheal septum thickness with the cytology of the tracheal aspirate (TA) and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in horses with recurrent ...

Recurrent airway obstruction is a widely recognised airway disorder, characterised by hypersensitivity-mediated neutrophilic airway inflammation and lower airway obstruction in a subpopulation of horses when exposed to suboptimal environments high in airborne organic dust. Over the past decade,...

Severe equine asthma (SEA; formerly known as heaves or recurrent airway obstruction) is a chronic condition of older horses characterised by repeated episodes of reversible airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction. The disease is believed to occur as a result of an allergy to inhaled organic...