Female athletes follow a strict diet and perform rigorous exercise to boost their performance, which induces health issues called the female athlete triad (FAT), defined as the combination of disordered eating, amenorrhoea and low bone mineral density. It is known to have a significant effect on...

In a recent article, He et al. report that, in response to dietary protein antigens, mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) accumulate a newfound 13-kDa N terminus of gasdermin D (GSDMD-N13), cleaved by caspase-3/7. Unlike the pyroptotic 30-kDa fragment, GSDMD-N13 translocates to the nucleus,...

Increasingly diverse meal patterns affect the internal body clock. Ghrelin secretion is closely associated with the anticipation of a regularly scheduled mealtime, leading ghrelin to be a putative candidate for food-related entraining signals that drive activity rhythms. Here, growing pigs with...

Aim: Effects of maternal probiotics administered during pregnancy as well as consumption by offspring in the post-weaning period on anxiety behavior were examined. Methods: In addition to anxiety levels measured by EPM and OFT, the expression level of the hippocampal genes, and serum sex hormones...

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is highly enriched in the brain, and is essential for normal brain development and function. However, evidence suggests that currently used supplements, such as fish oil, do not significantly increase brain DHA levels. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether...

We previously reported that female rats placed on a diet containing refined carbohydrates (HCD) resulted in obesity and reproductive abnormalities, such as high serum LH concentration and abnormal ovarian function. However, the impacts at the hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) function, specifically...

To test the hypothesis of conservation of stanniocalcin 1 and 2 (STC-1; STC-2) metabolic functions in vertebrates, we performed an in vitro study to determine if these hormones are implicated in regulation of the gluconeogenesis pathway, glycogen synthesis, and ¹⁴C-glucose conversion to ¹⁴CO₂ in...

Recently, we have begun to better understand the regulatory mechanisms of proteasome activity in response to the nutritional state. In this study, we analyzed the expression and function of proteasomes in the livers and brains where changes in the metabolic system occur in vivo during short-term...

Excessive cholesterol constitutes a major risk factor for vascular disease. Within cells, cholesterol is distributed in detergent-sensitive and detergent-resistant fractions, with the largest amount of cholesterol residing in cellular membranes. We set out to determine whether various arteries...

Cyanocobalamin (CNCbl, the compound name of Vitamin B12) is the only mineral vitamin that is essential for growth and development and cannot be produced by animals. Some studies have found that CNCbl can promote the proliferation and migration of C2C12 cells, but the mechanism by which it affects...