Sweet foods are commonly used as rewards for desirable behavior, specifically among children. This study examines whether such practice may contribute to reinforce the valuation of these foods. Two experiments were conducted, one with children, the other with rats. The first study, conducted with...

Background: Western dietary habits (WD) have been shown to promote chronic inflammation, which favors the development of many of today's non-communicable diseases. Recently, ketogenic diets (KD) have emerged as an immune-regulating countermeasure for WD-induced metaflammation. To date, beneficial...

The present article examines the background of current livestock farming. Special attention is paid to the interconnectedness of the mass flows between livestock farming and the production of plant biomass, including the return of large quantities of byproducts from the industrial processing of...

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The disease causes respiratory failure in some individuals accompanied by marked hyperinflammation. Vitamin A (syn. retinol) can exist in the body in the storage form as retinyl ester, or in the transcriptionally active form as...

The Kassel Index of Child Health was developed as a means to compare selected results of the school entry health examination at the health department in Kassel. It includes data of vaccination, body weight, sensory screening, physical examination, as well as developmental and language screening....

Novel and reformulated food, in particular protein-enhanced drinks, provide an important strategy to promote healthy eating. Despite their availability, protein-enriched foods are not widely accepted, likely owing to their unexpected "taste". Those expectations change with experience and exposure...

Taste may be the first sense that emerged in evolution. Taste is also a very important sense since it signals potential beneficial or dangerous effects of foods. Given this fundamental role of taste in our lives, it is not surprising that taste also affects our psychological perception and...

Due to multifactorial reasons, such as decreased thirst and decreased total body water, elderly patients are vulnerable to dehydration. The study aims to investigate whether moderate dehydration or hyperhydration affects the blood proteome. Blood samples, medication, and bioelectrical impedance...

Background: Many female people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) are in childbearing age; however, only few data exist about the situation of breastfeeding in pwMS.Objective: Our study analyzed breastfeeding rate and duration, reasons for weaning, and the impact of disease severity on successful...

Background: Our laboratory published the first evidence that nutritional ketosis, induced by a ketogenic diet (KD) or time-restricted diet (TRD), ameliorates disease progression in polycystic kidney disease (PKD) animal models. We reasoned that, due to their frequent use for numerous health...