The microbiota gut-brain axis (mGBA) is an important contributor to mental health and neurological and mood disorders. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are endotoxins that are components of Gram-negative bacteria cell walls and have been widely shown to induce both systemic and neuro-inflammation....

These proceedings contain 43 articles that discuss different aspects of human nutrition physiology.

Dietary feeding and stable isotope studies in rodents support that the 24-carbon omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, tetracosapentaenoic acid (24:5n-3, TPAn-3) and tetracosahexaenoic acid (24:6n-3, THA), are immediate precursors to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). In this study, we assessed...

Calcitriol, and other vitamin D receptor activators, remain a primary treatment for elevated parathyroid hormone levels in patients with end stage kidney disease. The objective of this study was to assess the 24-hydroxylation-mediated metabolism of 25(OH)D₃ and 1,25(OH)₂D₃ in rats with experimental ...

Dietary starch contains rapidly (RAG) and slowly available glucose (SAG). To establish the relationships between the RAG:SAG ratio and postprandial glucose, insulin and hunger, we measured postprandial responses elicited by test meals varying in the RAG:SAG ratio in n 160 healthy adults, each of...

Domperidone is a dopamine-2 (D2) receptor antagonist that stimulates the release of stored prolactin in the anterior pituitary. It is prescribed off-label in Canada and Australia to promote lactation in prolactin-deficient women. The case of a 43-year-old woman taking a high daily dose of...

We aimed to characterise the associations between first-trimester diet quality, adiposity, and glucose homeostasis measurements throughout pregnancy in a sample of 104 healthy pregnant women. Three Web-based 24-h recalls were completed, from which the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) was...

These proceedings contain 83 articles that discuss research articles, reviews, and commentaries that focus on the application of physiology, nutrition, and metabolism to the study of human health, physical activity, and fitness.

Reduction in muscle glycogen triggered by adverse antemortem handling events alters postmortem energy metabolism and results in a high ultimate pH and dark, firm and dry beef, often referred to as 'dark-cutting'. However, the relationship between atypical dark (AT) beef, postmortem energy...

Chronic, low-grade inflammation is associated with the development of numerous diseases and is mediated in part by overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. The ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) suppresses the NLRP3 inflammasome and alters intracellular signalling pathways in vitro and in ...