The aim of the work is to scientifically justify the formulation of a probiotic food product for sports nutrition using a functional food ingredient. As a functional food ingredient, the association of probiotics (Lactobacillus and bifidobacteria) immobilized in a gel of biopolymers was studied....

Puma (Puma concolor) management in the western United States is highly contentious, particularly with regard to the use of sport hunting as a management tool. Since the 1970s, puma in ten western states have been managed by state fish and game agencies through the use of a sport hunt. The rationale ...

Stamp programs are a financial mechanism that can provide funding from stakeholders for conservation efforts. Sufficient funding is foundational for the management of wildlife and natural resources, especially for infectious disease control for diseases like chronic wasting disease (CWD) in deer....

This research note reports on a 2003 survey of domestic and international visitors (n=110 and 160, respectively) to Rakiura national park in New Zealand, revealing visitors' perceptions of and attitudes to sport hunting. It is argued that both domestic and international visitors' attitudes to deer, ...

Over the last decades, the increasing intensity of timber harvesting and the changes in forestry practices have impacted the population dynamics of many wildlife species. Moose (Alces alces americana) densities have strongly increased, leading to an extensive pressure on vegetation but also to the...

Falls from elevated hunting platforms have replaced firearm accidents as the largest source of hunting-related injuries and deaths in the United States. Our study applied participation and behavior data from 2 statewide hunter surveys conducted in 2013, current license purchasing data, and an audit ...

This paper summarizes a study that investigated the influence and potential of venison price in management decisions, and ultimately culling levels, of wild red deer in Scotland. The results indicate that improving financial returns to estates for deer management through the promotion of the...

Development of winter outdoor leisure activities in areas of high natural value is a key issue in the sustainable use of mountain environments. Ski touring, an emerging outdoor activity in the Tatra Mountains, is believed to affect protected mammal species such as the Tatra chamois (Rupicapra...

Alaska's Western Arctic Caribou Herd is an important subsistence resource for communities along its migration path and provides opportunities for sport hunting. Members of local communities have expressed conflict with sport hunters' actions including dispersing caribou away from their communities, ...

Access to lands for hunting is widely recognized as critical to sustaining and developing participation in hunting. Deer hunters comprise a substantial portion of recreational hunters in the United States, and numerous stakeholders benefit from the deer management services provided by hunters on...