Chikungunya is a disease caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne alphavirus that is emerging and re-emerging in different parts of the world. Urban expansion, globalization, increase in human travel and tourism are some of the factors increasing the risk of importation of the...

The question of whether fish have the capacity to experience a state akin to pain was first empirically addressed by Jan Verheijen's seminal study on carps in 1983. Subsequently, comprehensive evidence has been presented not only on the anatomical prerequisites for a pain system in several fish...

This review analyses the potential of tourism to contribute to biodiversity conservation with particular reference to developing countries. In the last quarter of a century, there has been a global concern about the extent of biodiversity decline. Biodiversity decline is partly a result of the...

Several organizations have raised the issue of negative effects of transportation and some other activities related to hospitality on the environment. In response to these warnings, a fast-growing tourist segment with a high degree of environmental awareness is pressing the hospitality industry to...

Animal welfare science has engaged in the studies of how mainly farm animals, but to a lesser extent also sport and pet animals and laboratory animals, are affected by various environmental factors. With philosophers engaging in animal welfare it became obvious that animal welfare cannot be...

The value of the forest and how it should be utilized is the subject of a heated debate. The objective of this study is to review the literature on the benefits and costs of forest conservation and the adaptations of forest management practices, to improve the forest landscape for recreation. The...

Growing demands for outdoor recreation have led to increased levels of crowding, displacement, competition and antagonism among alternative recreational uses. Recreational activities interact with differing degrees of compatibility resulting in various outcomes. In this review, we critique the...

Agricultural activities and their complex effects on nature conservation, and the services that ecosystems deliver to humans are controversial. We present an overview of land abandonment, its driving forces and its consequences for landscape, biodiversity and humans. A descriptive metaanalysis of...

The purpose of this review is to outline the status quo regarding multifunctional and social demands on grasslands. The products and services that grassland ecosystems can provide society are detailed. Existing agro-policies are reviewed as to how they reflect social demands on grasslands. A farm...

Agritourism, a growing segment of the tourism industry, has been driven by agricultural restructuring, the movement towards multifunctional agriculture, increased discretionary incomes and demand for rural experiences. In this essay, the differential agritourism responses to agricultural...