Datasheet
equine coital exanthema
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Identity
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Preferred Scientific Name International Common Names English:
exanthema coitale paralyticum
Overview
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Equine coital exanthema (ECE) is a gential disease of equids, caused by Equid herpesvirus 3 (EHV-3). This disease is characterized by the development of papules, vesicles, pustules and ulcers in the mucosa of the vagina and vestibula of mares and the penis and prepuce of stallions, in the skin of the perineal region of the mares and occasionally on the skin of the lips and mucosa of the upper respiratory tract (Allen and Umphenour, 2004 ; Kleiboeker and Chapman, 2004 ; Barrandeguy et al., 2010 ). Latently infected equines are important biological reservoirs for EHV-3 (Allen and Umphenour, 2004 ; Barrandeguy et al., 2008 ).The virus is primarily transmitted through coitus, although contaminated fomites have also been implicated in its spread (Metcalf, 2001 ). EHV-3 is not thought to cause infertility or abortion (Pascoe, 1981 ). However, the disease has a negative impact in the equine industry as a result of the forced, temporary disruption of mating activities of mares and stallions, the additional care and supportive treatment that is required for affected horses, and the risk of virus spread by either fresh or frozen semen as well as by artificial insemination and embryo transfer (Barrandeguy and Thiry, 2012 ).
Distribution Table
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The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.
Continent/Country/Region Distribution Last Reported Origin First Reported Invasive Reference Notes Asia Azerbaijan No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Bahrain Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Bhutan Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Brunei Darussalam No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 China -Hong Kong Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Georgia (Republic of) Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 India Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Indonesia Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Iran Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Iraq No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Israel No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Japan No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Jordan Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Kazakhstan Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Korea, DPR Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Korea, Republic of Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Kuwait Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Lebanon No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Malaysia -Peninsular Malaysia Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 -Sabah Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 -Sarawak Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Mongolia Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Myanmar No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Nepal No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Oman Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Philippines Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Qatar Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Saudi Arabia Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Singapore Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Sri Lanka Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Syria Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Taiwan Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Tajikistan No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Thailand Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Turkey No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Turkmenistan No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 United Arab Emirates No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Uzbekistan Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Vietnam Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Yemen No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Africa Algeria No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Angola No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Benin No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Botswana No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Burkina Faso No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Burundi Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Cameroon Reported present or known to be present OIE Handistatus,
2005 Cape Verde Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Central African Republic Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Chad No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Congo Democratic Republic Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Côte d'Ivoire Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Djibouti Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Egypt Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Eritrea Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Ethiopia Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Ghana Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Guinea Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Guinea-Bissau No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Kenya No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Libya Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Madagascar Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Malawi No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Mali No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Mauritius Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Morocco No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Mozambique No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Namibia Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Nigeria No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Réunion No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Rwanda No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Sao Tome and Principe Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Senegal No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Seychelles No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Somalia No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 South Africa No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Sudan Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Swaziland No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Tanzania Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Togo Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Tunisia Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Uganda Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Zambia No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Zimbabwe Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 North America Bermuda Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Canada Reported present or known to be present OIE Handistatus,
2005 Mexico Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 USA Reported present or known to be present OIE Handistatus,
2005 Central America and Caribbean Barbados Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Belize Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 British Virgin Islands Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Cayman Islands Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Costa Rica Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Cuba Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Curaçao Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Dominica Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Dominican Republic Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 El Salvador No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Guadeloupe No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Guatemala Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Haiti Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Honduras Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Jamaica Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Martinique No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Nicaragua Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Panama Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Saint Kitts and Nevis Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Trinidad and Tobago Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 South America Argentina Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Bolivia Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Brazil Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Chile Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Colombia Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Ecuador Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Falkland Islands Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 French Guiana No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Guyana Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Paraguay No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Peru Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Uruguay Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Venezuela Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Europe Andorra No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Austria Reported present or known to be present OIE Handistatus,
2005 Belarus Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Belgium No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Bosnia-Hercegovina No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Bulgaria Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Croatia Reported present or known to be present OIE Handistatus,
2005 Cyprus Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Czech Republic Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Denmark No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Estonia Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Finland Reported present or known to be present OIE Handistatus,
2005 France Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Germany Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Greece Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Hungary Last reported 1970 OIE Handistatus,
2005 Iceland Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Ireland Reported present or known to be present OIE Handistatus,
2005 Isle of Man (UK) Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Italy No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Jersey Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Latvia Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Liechtenstein Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Lithuania Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Luxembourg Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Macedonia Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Malta Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Moldova Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Netherlands No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Norway Reported present or known to be present OIE Handistatus,
2005 Poland Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Portugal Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Romania Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Russian Federation Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Slovakia Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Slovenia Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Spain No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Sweden No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Switzerland Last reported 2000 OIE Handistatus,
2005 UK No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 -Northern Ireland Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Ukraine Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Yugoslavia (former) No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Oceania Australia CAB Abstracts data mining OIE Handistatus,
2005 French Polynesia Disease not reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 New Caledonia CAB Abstracts data mining OIE Handistatus,
2005 New Zealand Reported present or known to be present OIE Handistatus,
2005 Samoa No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005 Vanuatu Disease never reported OIE Handistatus,
2005 Wallis and Futuna Islands No information available OIE Handistatus,
2005
References
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Allen GP; Umphenour NW, 2004. Equine coital exanthema. In: Infectious diseases of livestock. Volume Two, Ed.2 [ed. by Coetzer, J. A. W.\Tustin, R. C.]. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 868-874.
Barrandeguy M; Thiry E, 2012. Equine coital exanthema and its potential economic implications for the equine industry. Veterinary Journal, 191(1):35-40. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10900233
Barrandeguy M; Ulloa N; Bok K; Fernández F, 2010. Outbreak of rhinitis caused by equine herpesvirus type 3. Veterinary Record, 166(6):178. http://veterinaryrecord.bvapublications.com/archive/
Barrandeguy M; Vissani A; Olguin C; Becerra L; Miño S; Pereda A; Oriol J; Thiry E, 2008. Experimental reactivation of equine herpesvirus-3 following corticosteroid treatment. Equine Veterinary Journal, 40(6):593-595. http://www.evj.co.uk
Kleiboeker SB; Chapman RK, 2004. Detection of equine herpesvirus 3 in equine skin lesions by polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 16(1):74-79.
Metcalf ES, 2001. The role of international transport of equine semen on disease transmission. Animal Reproduction Science [Special issue. Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Stallion Reproduction. 10-12 January 2001, Colorado State University, Fort Collins ,Colorado, USA.], 68(3/4):229-237.
OIE Handistatus, 2002. World Animal Health Publication and Handistatus II (dataset for 2001). Paris, France: Office International des Epizooties.
OIE Handistatus, 2003. World Animal Health Publication and Handistatus II (dataset for 2002). Paris, France: Office International des Epizooties.
OIE Handistatus, 2004. World Animal Health Publication and Handistatus II (data set for 2003). Paris, France: Office International des Epizooties.
OIE Handistatus, 2005. World Animal Health Publication and Handistatus II (data set for 2004). Paris, France: Office International des Epizooties.
Pascoe RR, 1981. Effect of equine coital exanthema on the fertility of mares covered by stallions exhibiting the clinical disease. Australian Veterinary Journal, 57(3):111-114.
Distribution Maps
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