Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae

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CCPP Diagnostic Media

Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae strain F38 colonies after 7 days of incubation on CCPP Diagnostic Media (Mycoplasma Experience, Reigate, UK) showing dark pigmentation and red crystalline deposits.

©Mycoplasma Experience/Reigate, UK

Identity

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Preferred Scientific Name

Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae

Other Scientific Names

Mycoplasma F38
Mycoplasma strain F38

English acronym

MCCP

Taxonomic Tree

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Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Mollicutes
Order: Mycoplasmatales
Family: Mycoplasmataceae
Genus: Mycoplasma
Species: Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae

Diseases Table

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contagious caprine pleuropneumonia

Distribution Table

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The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.

Last updated: 10 Jan 2020

Continent/Country/Region	Distribution	Reference	Notes
Africa
Algeria	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Botswana	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Burundi	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Cabo Verde	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Cameroon	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Central African Republic	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Côte d'Ivoire	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Djibouti	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)	CAB Abstracts Data Mining
Egypt	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Eritrea	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Eswatini	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Ethiopia	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Ghana	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Guinea	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Kenya	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)	CAB Abstracts Data Mining
Libya	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Madagascar	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Mauritius	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Morocco	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Namibia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Réunion	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
São Tomé and Príncipe	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
South Africa	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Tanzania	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Togo	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Uganda	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Zambia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Asia
Bahrain	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Bhutan	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Brunei	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Georgia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Indonesia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Iran	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Iraq	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Japan	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Jordan	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Kazakhstan	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Kuwait	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Malaysia
-Peninsular Malaysia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
-Sabah	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
-Sarawak	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Myanmar	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Nepal	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
North Korea	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Oman	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Philippines	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Qatar	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Saudi Arabia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Singapore	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
South Korea	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Sri Lanka	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Syria	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Taiwan	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Thailand	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Turkmenistan	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
United Arab Emirates	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Uzbekistan	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Vietnam	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Yemen	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)	CAB Abstracts Data Mining
Europe
Andorra	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Belarus	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Bulgaria	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Croatia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Cyprus	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Denmark	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Estonia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Finland	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
France	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Germany	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Hungary	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Iceland	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Ireland	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Isle of Man	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Jersey	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Latvia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Liechtenstein	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Lithuania	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Luxembourg	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Moldova	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Netherlands	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
North Macedonia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Norway	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Poland	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Romania	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Serbia and Montenegro	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Slovakia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Slovenia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Spain	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Switzerland	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Ukraine	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
United Kingdom	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
-Northern Ireland	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
North America
Barbados	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Belize	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Bermuda	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
British Virgin Islands	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Canada	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Cayman Islands	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Costa Rica	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Cuba	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Curaçao	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Dominica	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Dominican Republic	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
El Salvador	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Guadeloupe	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Guatemala	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Haiti	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Honduras	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Jamaica	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Martinique	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Mexico	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Nicaragua	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Panama	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Present	OIE Handistatus (2005)	CAB Abstracts Data Mining
Trinidad and Tobago	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
United States	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Oceania
Australia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
French Polynesia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
New Caledonia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
New Zealand	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Samoa	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Vanuatu	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
South America
Argentina	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Bolivia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Brazil	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Chile	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Colombia	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Ecuador	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Falkland Islands	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
French Guiana	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Guyana	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Paraguay	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Peru	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Uruguay	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)
Venezuela	Absent, No presence record(s)	OIE Handistatus (2005)

Pathogen Characteristics

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M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae is a member of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster which are a phylogenetically related grouping of ruminant mycoplasmas and include M.capricolum subsp. capricolum, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides LC, M. mycoides subsp. capri, and Bg7. The phenotypic and genetic traits shared in this group have their basis in conventional biochemical and immunological tests such as colony size and growth characteristics, substrate utilization, isozyme patterns, protein profiles and DNA hybridization studies (Rodwell, 1982; Salih and Rosenbusch, 1983; Cottew et al., 1987). A close relationship between M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae and M. capricolum subsp. capricolum was found by DNA probes and sequence comparison of members of the M. mycoides cluster but a probe capable of distinguishing between them was developed indicating that they were differences between the species (Taylor et al., 1992). Comparisons of sequences of a putative membrane protein from these strains also showed a close relationship between M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae and M.capricolum subsp. capricolum which together with Bg7 formed a subcluster distinct from the M. mycoides subspecies (Thiaucourt et al., 2000).

Phylogenetic groupings have been made by close examination of the sequences from both operons of 16S rRNA from many mycoplasmas and confirm the position of M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae within the M. mycoides cluster which is in the spiroplasma group (Weisburg et al., 1989; Bascuñana et al., 1994; Pettersson et al., 1996a; Pettersson et al., 1996b; Pettersson et al., 1998). Intraspecific variations in these genes from M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae strains from diverse geographic areas have shown the existence of two evolutionary lines, and this has also been the finding from molecular typing by the AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) method (Kokotovic et al., 2000). Analyses of the 16sRNA genes from a narrower ranging group of strains have also shown sequence differences, and collectively, the number of differences between these strains was found to be greater that the number of differences used to distinguish between species of mycoplasmas. Nevertheless, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis may be a useful epidemiological tool for M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Heldtander et al., 2001).

The polysaccharide capsule of M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae may have a similar role to that described for M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC in contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) (Rurangirwa et al., 1987). The galactan capsules are generally considered to promote pathogenicity either directly by toxic effects, or by promoting resistance to phagocytosis (Rosenbusch and Minion, 1992).

There is very little information on the pathogenic mechanisms of M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae, although some hypothesis can be drawn from comparison with other mycoplasmoses and especially with CBPP (Thiaucourt and Bölske, 1996). A striking feature of CCPP is the host and tissue specificity of the causative agent, as lesions are produced only in goat lungs. Some mycoplasmas have adhesins, but no such component has yet been described for M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. Although M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae is present in high quantities in affected lungs, there is no dissemination to other organs. This may be due to a specific reaction of the lung tissue towards a mycoplasmal component that leads to an exacerbated inflammatory response (Thiaucourt and Bölske, 1996).

Disease(s) associated with this pathogen is/are on the list of diseases notifiable to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). The distribution section contains data from OIE's Handistatus database on disease occurrence. Please see the AHPC library for further information from OIE, including the International Animal Health Code and the Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines. Also see the website: www.oie.int.

Host Animals

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Animal name	Context	Life stage	System
Capra hircus (goats)	Domesticated host; Wild host
Ovis aries (sheep)	Domesticated host; Wild host

References

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Bascunana CR; Mattsson JG; Bölske G; Johansson KE, 1994. Characterization of the 16S rRNA genes from Mycoplasma sp. strain F38 and development of an identification system based on PCR. Journal of Bacteriology, 176(9):2577-2586; 58 ref.

Cottew GS; Brerard A, DaMassa AJ et al. , 1987. Taxonomy of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster. Israel Journal of Medical Sciences, 23:632-635.

Heldtander M; Wesonga H, Bölske G et al. , 2001. Genetic diversity and evolution of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae strains from eastern Africa assessed by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Veterinary Microbiology, 78:13-28.

Kokotovic B; Bölske G; Ahrens P; Johansson K-E, 2000. Genomic variations of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae detected by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 184:63-68.

OIE Handistatus, 2002. World Animal Health Publication and Handistatus II (dataset for 2001). Paris, France: Office International des Epizooties.

OIE Handistatus, 2003. World Animal Health Publication and Handistatus II (dataset for 2002). Paris, France: Office International des Epizooties.

OIE Handistatus, 2004. World Animal Health Publication and Handistatus II (data set for 2003). Paris, France: Office International des Epizooties.

OIE Handistatus, 2005. World Animal Health Publication and Handistatus II (data set for 2004). Paris, France: Office International des Epizooties.

Pettersson B; Bölske G; Thiaucourt F; Uhlén M; Johansson KE, 1998. Molecular evolution of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae strains, based on polymorphisms in the 16S rRNA genes. Journal of Bacteriology, 180(9):2350-2358; 2 ref.

Pettersson B; Leitner T; Ronaghi M; Bölske G; Uhlén M; Johansson KE, 1996. Phylogeny of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster as determined by sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA genes from the two rRNA operons. Journal of Bacteriology, 178(14):4131-4142; 59 ref.

Pettersson B; Uhlén M; Johansson KE, 1996. Phylogeny of some mycoplasmas from ruminants based on 16S rRNA sequences and definition of a new cluster within the hominis Group. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 46(4):1093-1098; 24 ref.

Rodwell AW, 1982. The protein fingerprints of mycoplasmas. Review of Infectious Diseases, Supplement 4:8-17.

Rosenbusch RF; Minion FC, 1992. Cell envelope:Morphology and Biochemistry. In: Maniloff J, McElhaney RN, Finch LR Baseman JB, eds. Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis. Washington DC, USA: American Society for Microbiology, 73-77.

Rurangirwa FR; McGuire TC; Magnuson NS; Kibor A; Chema S, 1987. Composition of a polysaccharide from mycoplasma (F-38) recognised by antibodies from goats with contagious pleuropneumonia. Research in Veterinary Science, 42(2):175-178; 16 ref.

Salih BA; Rosenbusch RF, 1983. Antibody response to Mycoplasma bovoculi of naturally and experimentally infected calves. [Abstract]. Abstracts of Papers presented at the Annual Meeting of the Conference of Research Workers in Animal Disease, Chicago, November 1983, 64:4.

Taylor TK; Bashiruddin JB; Gould AR, 1992. Relationships between members of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster as shown by DNA probes and sequence analysis. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 42(4):593-601; 19 ref.

Thiaucourt F; Bölske G, 1996. Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia and other pulmonary mycoplasmoses of sheep and goats. Revue Scientifique et Technique - Office International des épizooties, 15(4):1397-1414; 69 ref.

Thiaucourt F; Lorenzon S; David A; Breard A, 2000. Phylogeny of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster as shown by sequencing of a putative membrane protein gene. Veterinary Microbiology, 72(3/4):251-268; 44 ref.

Weisburg WG; Tully JG; Rose DL; Petzel JP; Oyaizu H; Yang D; Mandelco L; Sechrest J; Lawrence TG; Etten Jvan; Maniloff J; Woese CR, 1989. A phylogenetic analysis of the mycoplasmas: basis for their classification. Journal of Bacteriology, 171(12):6455-6467; 50 ref.

Distribution References

OIE Handistatus, 2005. World Animal Health Publication and Handistatus II (dataset for 2004)., Paris, France: Office International des Epizooties.

Distribution Maps

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Invasive Species Compendium

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Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae

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