Invasive Species Compendium

Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide

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Vitex trifolia

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Datasheet

Vitex trifolia

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Summary

  • Last modified
  • 20 November 2019
  • Datasheet Type(s)
  • Invasive Species
  • Host Plant
  • Preferred Scientific Name
  • Vitex trifolia
  • Taxonomic Tree
  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •   Kingdom: Plantae
  •     Phylum: Spermatophyta
  •       Subphylum: Angiospermae
  •         Class: Dicotyledonae

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Pictures

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PictureTitleCaptionCopyright
Vitex trifolia (); leaves and flowers. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.
TitleLeaves and flowers
CaptionVitex trifolia (); leaves and flowers. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.
Copyright©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (); leaves and flowers. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.
Leaves and flowersVitex trifolia (); leaves and flowers. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (); leaves and flowers. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.
TitleLeaves and flowers
CaptionVitex trifolia (); leaves and flowers. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.
Copyright©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (); leaves and flowers. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.
Leaves and flowersVitex trifolia (); leaves and flowers. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); flowers. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
TitleFlowers
CaptionVitex trifolia (vitex); flowers. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
Copyright©V.R. Vinayaraj/via wikipedia - CC BY-SA 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); flowers. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
FlowersVitex trifolia (vitex); flowers. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.©V.R. Vinayaraj/via wikipedia - CC BY-SA 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); flowering habit. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
TitleFlowering habit
CaptionVitex trifolia (vitex); flowering habit. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
Copyright©V.R. Vinayaraj/via wikipedia - CC BY-SA 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); flowering habit. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
Flowering habitVitex trifolia (vitex); flowering habit. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.©V.R. Vinayaraj/via wikipedia - CC BY-SA 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); flowers. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
TitleFlowers
CaptionVitex trifolia (vitex); flowers. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
Copyright©V.R. Vinayaraj/via wikipedia - CC BY-SA 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); flowers. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
FlowersVitex trifolia (vitex); flowers. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.©V.R. Vinayaraj/via wikipedia - CC BY-SA 4.0
Vitex trifolia (); flowers and leaves. Old golf course, Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
TitleLeaves and flowers
CaptionVitex trifolia (); flowers and leaves. Old golf course, Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
Copyright©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (); flowers and leaves. Old golf course, Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
Leaves and flowersVitex trifolia (); flowers and leaves. Old golf course, Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); leaves and immature fruit. Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
TitleImmature fruit and leaves
CaptionVitex trifolia (vitex); leaves and immature fruit. Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
Copyright©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); leaves and immature fruit. Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
Immature fruit and leavesVitex trifolia (vitex); leaves and immature fruit. Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); leaves and immature fruit. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.
TitleImmature fruit and leaves
CaptionVitex trifolia (vitex); leaves and immature fruit. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.
Copyright©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); leaves and immature fruit. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.
Immature fruit and leavesVitex trifolia (vitex); leaves and immature fruit. Mangrove Nature Park Boynton Beach, Florida, USA. September 2009.©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); fruits. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
TitleFruit
CaptionVitex trifolia (vitex); fruits. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
Copyright©V.R. Vinayaraj/via wikipedia - CC BY-SA 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); fruits. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.
FruitVitex trifolia (vitex); fruits. Kavvayi backwaters, Payyannur, Kerala, India. July 2016.©V.R. Vinayaraj/via wikipedia - CC BY-SA 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); habit. Honolua Lipoa Point, Maui, Hawaii, USA. April 2018.
TitleHabit
CaptionVitex trifolia (vitex); habit. Honolua Lipoa Point, Maui, Hawaii, USA. April 2018.
Copyright©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); habit. Honolua Lipoa Point, Maui, Hawaii, USA. April 2018.
HabitVitex trifolia (vitex); habit. Honolua Lipoa Point, Maui, Hawaii, USA. April 2018.©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
VitexVitex trifolia (vitex); habit, on old golf course, with Laysan Albatross chick (Phoebastria immutabilis). Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
TitleHabit
CaptionVitexVitex trifolia (vitex); habit, on old golf course, with Laysan Albatross chick (Phoebastria immutabilis). Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
Copyright©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
VitexVitex trifolia (vitex); habit, on old golf course, with Laysan Albatross chick (Phoebastria immutabilis). Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
HabitVitexVitex trifolia (vitex); habit, on old golf course, with Laysan Albatross chick (Phoebastria immutabilis). Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); habit, on old golf course, with Laysan Albatross chick (Phoebastria immutabilis). Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
TitleHabit
CaptionVitex trifolia (vitex); habit, on old golf course, with Laysan Albatross chick (Phoebastria immutabilis). Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
Copyright©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0
Vitex trifolia (vitex); habit, on old golf course, with Laysan Albatross chick (Phoebastria immutabilis). Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.
HabitVitex trifolia (vitex); habit, on old golf course, with Laysan Albatross chick (Phoebastria immutabilis). Sand Island, Midway Atoll, Hawaii, USA. June 2008.©Forest & Kim Starr - CC BY 4.0

Identity

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Preferred Scientific Name

  • Vitex trifolia L.

EPPO code

  • VIXTR (Vitex trifolia)

Taxonomic Tree

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  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •     Kingdom: Plantae
  •         Phylum: Spermatophyta
  •             Subphylum: Angiospermae
  •                 Class: Dicotyledonae
  •                     Order: Lamiales
  •                         Family: Lamiaceae
  •                             Genus: Vitex
  •                                 Species: Vitex trifolia

Distribution Table

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The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.

Last updated: 25 Feb 2021
Continent/Country/Region Distribution Last Reported Origin First Reported Invasive Reference Notes

Africa

ComorosPresentNative
KenyaPresentNative
MadagascarPresentNative
MauritiusPresentNative
MozambiquePresentNative
Saint Helena
-AscensionPresentIntroduced
SeychellesPresentIntroduced
SomaliaPresentNative
South AfricaPresentNative
TanzaniaPresentNative

Asia

AfghanistanPresentNative
BangladeshPresentNative
IndonesiaPresentNative
-BorneoPresentNative
-JavaPresentNative
-Lesser Sunda IslandsPresentNative
-Maluku IslandsPresentNative
-SulawesiPresentNative
-SumatraPresentNative
ChinaPresent, LocalizedNative
-AnhuiPresentNative
-FujianPresentNative
-GuangdongPresentNative
-GuangxiPresentNative
-HebeiPresentNative
-JiangsuPresentNative
-JiangxiPresentNative
-LiaoningPresentNative
-ShandongPresentNative
-YunnanPresentNative
-ZhejiangPresentNative
Cocos IslandsPresentIntroduced
IndiaPresentNative
-Andaman and Nicobar IslandsPresentNative
-AssamPresentNative
-GujaratPresentNative
-HaryanaPresentNative
-KarnatakaPresentNative
-KeralaPresentNative
-MaharashtraPresentNative
-PunjabPresentNative
-Tamil NaduPresentNative
-West BengalPresentNative
IranPresentNative
JapanPresentNative
-HonshuPresentNative
-KyushuPresentNative
-Ryukyu IslandsPresentNative
-ShikokuPresentNative
KazakhstanPresentNative
LaosPresentNative
MalaysiaPresentNative
-SarawakPresentNative
MyanmarPresentNative
NepalPresentNative
North KoreaPresentNative
PhilippinesPresentNative
Saudi ArabiaPresent
South KoreaPresentNative
Sri LankaPresentNative
TaiwanPresentNative
ThailandPresentNative
VietnamPresentNative

North America

BahamasPresentIntroduced
Costa RicaPresentIntroduced
CubaPresentIntroducedInvasive
El SalvadorPresentIntroduced
MexicoPresentIntroduced
NicaraguaPresentIntroduced
United StatesPresentPresent, based on regional distribution
-AlabamaPresentIntroducedListed as Vitex trifolia subsp. litoralis
-FloridaPresentIntroduced
-HawaiiPresentIntroducedNaturalized
-North CarolinaPresentIntroducedInvasiveListed as Vitex trifolia subsp. litoralis
-South CarolinaPresentIntroducedInvasiveListed as Vitex trifolia subsp. litoralis

Oceania

AustraliaPresentNative
-New South WalesPresentNative
-Northern TerritoryPresentNative
-QueenslandPresentNative
-Western AustraliaPresentNative
Christmas IslandPresentIntroduced
Cook IslandsPresentNative
FijiPresentNative
French PolynesiaPresentNative
NauruPresentNative
New CaledoniaPresentNative
NiuePresentNative
Northern Mariana IslandsPresentNative
Papua New GuineaPresentNative
-Bismarck ArchipelagoPresentNative
Solomon IslandsPresentNative
TongaPresentNative
VanuatuPresentNative
Wallis and FutunaPresentNative

South America

BoliviaPresentIntroduced

Distribution Database Table

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Distribution References

CABI, 2020. CABI Distribution Database: Status inferred from regional distribution. Wallingford, UK: CABI

El-Sherbiny A A, 2011. Phytoparasitic nematodes associated with ornamental shrubs, trees and palms in Saudi Arabia, including new host records. Pakistan Journal of Nematology. 29 (2), 147-164.

Flora of China Editorial Committee, 2016. Flora of China. In: Flora of China. St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2

Govaerts R, 2016. World Checklist of Lamiaceae., Richmond, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/

Missouri Botanical Garden, 2016. Tropicos database. In: Tropicos database. St. Louis, Missouri, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/

Oviedo Prieto R, Herrera Oliver P, Caluff M G, et al, 2012. National list of invasive and potentially invasive plants in the Republic of Cuba - 2011. (Lista nacional de especies de plantas invasoras y potencialmente invasoras en la República de Cuba - 2011). Bissea: Boletín sobre Conservación de Plantas del Jardín Botánico Nacional de Cuba. 6 (Special Issue No. 1), 22-96.

USDA-ARS, 2016. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online Database. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online Database. Beltsville, Maryland, USA: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory. https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysimple.aspx

USDA-NRCS, 2016. The PLANTS Database. Greensboro, North Carolina, USA: National Plant Data Team. https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov

Wagner W L, Herbst D R, Sohmer S H, 1999. Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, Vols. 1 and 2. Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai'i and Bishop Museum Press. xviii + 1919 pp.

Uses List

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Medicinal, pharmaceutical

  • Traditional/folklore

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