Invasive Species Compendium

Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide

Datasheet

Tsuga heterophylla
(western hemlock)

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Datasheet

Tsuga heterophylla (western hemlock)

Index

Summary

  • Last modified
  • 24 November 2019
  • Datasheet Type(s)
  • Host Plant
  • Preferred Scientific Name
  • Tsuga heterophylla
  • Preferred Common Name
  • western hemlock
  • Taxonomic Tree
  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •   Kingdom: Plantae
  •     Phylum: Spermatophyta
  •       Subphylum: Gymnospermae
  •         Class: Pinopsida
  • Uses List
  • Agroforestry
  • Boundary, barrier or support
  • Fibre
  • Ornamental
  • Wood/timber

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Pictures

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PictureTitleCaptionCopyright
The most productive growth occurs on submontane, moist, nutrient-medium sites in perhumid maritime climates. The associated soils are typically loamy- textured, ferro-humic podzols with mormoder humus forms.
TitleStand
CaptionThe most productive growth occurs on submontane, moist, nutrient-medium sites in perhumid maritime climates. The associated soils are typically loamy- textured, ferro-humic podzols with mormoder humus forms.
CopyrightK. Klinka
The most productive growth occurs on submontane, moist, nutrient-medium sites in perhumid maritime climates. The associated soils are typically loamy- textured, ferro-humic podzols with mormoder humus forms.
StandThe most productive growth occurs on submontane, moist, nutrient-medium sites in perhumid maritime climates. The associated soils are typically loamy- textured, ferro-humic podzols with mormoder humus forms.K. Klinka
In situations where protection from an open-area climate is not required, T. heterophylla regenerates naturally in the open on forest floor materials immediately after cutting. Its growth may be so vigorous that it will overgrow planted Pseudotsuga menziesii (University of British Columbia Research Forest, near Vancouver).
TitleRegeneration
CaptionIn situations where protection from an open-area climate is not required, T. heterophylla regenerates naturally in the open on forest floor materials immediately after cutting. Its growth may be so vigorous that it will overgrow planted Pseudotsuga menziesii (University of British Columbia Research Forest, near Vancouver).
CopyrightK. Klinka
In situations where protection from an open-area climate is not required, T. heterophylla regenerates naturally in the open on forest floor materials immediately after cutting. Its growth may be so vigorous that it will overgrow planted Pseudotsuga menziesii (University of British Columbia Research Forest, near Vancouver).
RegenerationIn situations where protection from an open-area climate is not required, T. heterophylla regenerates naturally in the open on forest floor materials immediately after cutting. Its growth may be so vigorous that it will overgrow planted Pseudotsuga menziesii (University of British Columbia Research Forest, near Vancouver).K. Klinka
An exceptionally well-formed tree on a moist, nutrient-medium, montane site in the coastal forest of British Columbia.
TitleMature
CaptionAn exceptionally well-formed tree on a moist, nutrient-medium, montane site in the coastal forest of British Columbia.
CopyrightK. Klinka
An exceptionally well-formed tree on a moist, nutrient-medium, montane site in the coastal forest of British Columbia.
MatureAn exceptionally well-formed tree on a moist, nutrient-medium, montane site in the coastal forest of British Columbia.K. Klinka
A fluted base in an old tree is suggestive of a surface root system.
TitleTree base
CaptionA fluted base in an old tree is suggestive of a surface root system.
CopyrightK. Klinka
A fluted base in an old tree is suggestive of a surface root system.
Tree baseA fluted base in an old tree is suggestive of a surface root system.K. Klinka
A moss-dominated understory is characteristic of dense, pure, even-aged stands.
TitleStand
CaptionA moss-dominated understory is characteristic of dense, pure, even-aged stands.
CopyrightK. Klinka
A moss-dominated understory is characteristic of dense, pure, even-aged stands.
StandA moss-dominated understory is characteristic of dense, pure, even-aged stands. K. Klinka
On base-rich and nitrogen-rich sites, the roots are nearly entirely confined to forest floor and/or decaying wood.
TitleRoot system
CaptionOn base-rich and nitrogen-rich sites, the roots are nearly entirely confined to forest floor and/or decaying wood.
CopyrightK. Klinka
On base-rich and nitrogen-rich sites, the roots are nearly entirely confined to forest floor and/or decaying wood.
Root systemOn base-rich and nitrogen-rich sites, the roots are nearly entirely confined to forest floor and/or decaying wood. K. Klinka
T. heterophylla develops consistently a very shallow, surface root system with many long lateral roots.
TitleRoot system
CaptionT. heterophylla develops consistently a very shallow, surface root system with many long lateral roots.
CopyrightK. Klinka
T. heterophylla develops consistently a very shallow, surface root system with many long lateral roots.
Root systemT. heterophylla develops consistently a very shallow, surface root system with many long lateral roots.K. Klinka

Identity

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Preferred Scientific Name

  • Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.

Preferred Common Name

  • western hemlock

Other Scientific Names

  • Abies albertiana A. Murray bis
  • Abies heterophylla Raf.

International Common Names

  • French: tsuga de Californie; tsuga de l'ouest

Local Common Names

  • North America: Alaska pine; pruche de l'ouest
  • Canada: Pacific hemlock
  • Germany: Westamerikanische Hemlocktanne
  • Italy: tsuga di California; tsuga eterofilla
  • Netherlands: westamerikaanse hemlockspar
  • Sweden: västamerikansk hemlock
  • USA: Pacific hemlock; west coast hemlock

EPPO code

  • TSUHE (Tsuga heterophylla)

Trade name

  • hem-fir
  • mixed species
  • mountain hemlock-hem-fir
  • western hemlock
  • western woods
  • white woods

Taxonomic Tree

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  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •     Kingdom: Plantae
  •         Phylum: Spermatophyta
  •             Subphylum: Gymnospermae
  •                 Class: Pinopsida
  •                     Family: Pinaceae
  •                         Genus: Tsuga
  •                             Species: Tsuga heterophylla

Uses List

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Environmental

  • Agroforestry
  • Boundary, barrier or support

General

  • Ornamental

Materials

  • Fibre
  • Wood/timber

Wood Products

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Containers

  • Crates
  • Pallets

Pulp

  • Short-fibre pulp

Roundwood

  • Building poles
  • Posts

Sawn or hewn building timbers

  • Carpentry/joinery (exterior/interior)
  • Flooring
  • For light construction

Veneers

Wood-based materials

  • Plywood
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