Selenaspidus articulatus (West Indian red scale)
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Top of pageIdentity
Top of pagePreferred Scientific Name
- Selenaspidus articulatus (Morgan)
Preferred Common Name
- West Indian red scale
Other Scientific Names
- Aspidiotus (Selanaspidus) articulatus Morgan, Cockerell, 1897
- Aspidiotus (Selenaspidus) articulatus v. simplex de Charmoy, 1899
- Aspidiotus articulatus Morgan, 1889
- Aspidiotus rufescens Lindinger, 1932
- Aspidiotus simplex Ferris, 1941
- Pseudaonidia articulatus (Morgan) Marlatt, 1908
- Selenaspis articulatus (Morgan) Ferris, 1903
International Common Names
- English: rufous scale
- Spanish: guagua roja antillana (Antilles)
Local Common Names
- Colombia: coccinilla roja; escama clara de los cítricos y del café
- Germany: Schildlaus, Westindische Citrus-; Schildlaus, Westindische Zitrus-
EPPO code
- SELSAR (Selenaspidus articulatus)
Taxonomic Tree
Top of page- Domain: Eukaryota
- Kingdom: Metazoa
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Uniramia
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Hemiptera
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- Unknown: Coccoidea
- Family: Diaspididae
- Genus: Selenaspidus
- Species: Selenaspidus articulatus
Distribution Table
Top of pageThe distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.
Last updated: 17 Dec 2021Continent/Country/Region | Distribution | Last Reported | Origin | First Reported | Invasive | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Africa |
|||||||
Angola | Present | ||||||
Benin | Present | ||||||
Cameroon | Present | ||||||
Côte d'Ivoire | Present | ||||||
Eritrea | Present | ||||||
Ethiopia | Present | ||||||
Ghana | Present | ||||||
Guinea | Present | ||||||
Kenya | Present | ||||||
Madagascar | Present | ||||||
Mali | Present | ||||||
Mauritius | Present | ||||||
Mozambique | Present | ||||||
Niger | Present | ||||||
Nigeria | Present | ||||||
Réunion | Present | ||||||
São Tomé and Príncipe | Present | ||||||
Sierra Leone | Present | ||||||
Somalia | Present | ||||||
South Africa | Present | ||||||
Sudan | Present | ||||||
Tanzania | Present | ||||||
Togo | Present | ||||||
Uganda | Present | ||||||
Zambia | Present | ||||||
Zimbabwe | Present | ||||||
Asia |
|||||||
Philippines | Present | ||||||
Sri Lanka | Present | ||||||
Taiwan | Present | ||||||
Europe |
|||||||
Croatia | Present | 2008 | |||||
North America |
|||||||
Antigua and Barbuda | Present | ||||||
Bahamas | Present | ||||||
Barbados | Present | ||||||
Belize | Present | ||||||
Bermuda | Present | ||||||
Costa Rica | Present | ||||||
Cuba | Present | ||||||
Dominica | Present | ||||||
Dominican Republic | Present | ||||||
El Salvador | Present | ||||||
Grenada | Present | ||||||
Guadeloupe | Present | ||||||
Guatemala | Present | ||||||
Haiti | Present | ||||||
Honduras | Present | ||||||
Jamaica | Present | ||||||
Martinique | Present | ||||||
Mexico | Present | ||||||
Montserrat | Present | ||||||
Nicaragua | Present | ||||||
Panama | Present | ||||||
Puerto Rico | Present | ||||||
Saint Lucia | Present | ||||||
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Present | ||||||
Trinidad and Tobago | Present | ||||||
United States | Present, Localized | ||||||
-Alabama | Present, Few occurrences | ||||||
-California | Absent, Eradicated | ||||||
-Florida | Present, Few occurrences | ||||||
Oceania |
|||||||
Fiji | Present | ||||||
Solomon Islands | Present | ||||||
South America |
|||||||
Bolivia | Present | ||||||
Brazil | Present | ||||||
-Parana | Present | ||||||
-Rio de Janeiro | Present | Original citation: Perruso & Cassino, 1997 | |||||
-Rio Grande do Norte | Present | ||||||
-Sao Paulo | Present | Original citation: Santos et al., 1995 | |||||
Colombia | Present | ||||||
Ecuador | Present | ||||||
Guyana | Present | ||||||
Peru | Present, Widespread | ||||||
Suriname | Present | ||||||
Venezuela | Present |
List of Symptoms/Signs
Top of pageSign | Life Stages | Type |
---|---|---|
Fruit / external feeding | ||
Growing point / external feeding | ||
Leaves / external feeding | ||
Stems / external feeding |
Natural enemies
Top of pageNatural enemy | Type | Life stages | Specificity | References | Biological control in | Biological control on |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aphytis aberrans | Parasite | Adults | ||||
Aphytis chrysomphali | Parasite | Adults | ||||
Aphytis holoxanthus | Parasite | |||||
Aphytis lingnanensis | Parasite | Peru | Citrus | |||
Aphytis roseni | Parasite | Adults; Arthropods|Nymphs | Peru | Citrus | ||
Aschersonia aleyrodis | Pathogen | |||||
Azya luteipes | Predator | |||||
Beauveria bassiana | Pathogen | |||||
Chilocorus cacti | Predator | Peru | Citrus | |||
Coccidophilus citricola | Predator | |||||
Encarsia fasciata | Parasite | Arthropods|Nymphs | Peru | Citrus | ||
Encarsia lounsburyi | Parasite | Adults | ||||
Habrolepis rouxi | Parasite | Adults; Arthropods|Nymphs | ||||
Hyperaspis | Predator | |||||
Nephus | Predator | |||||
Orius | Predator | |||||
Pentilia egena | Predator | |||||
Pentilia insidiosa | Predator | |||||
Rhyzobius lophanthae | Predator | Adults; Arthropods|Nymphs | ||||
Rodolia cardinalis | Predator |
References
Top of pageBeingolea G, 1969a. Notas sobre la biologfa de Selenaspidus articulatus Morgan, queresa redonda de los cftricos. Review of Peruvian Entomology, 19:119-129.
Beingolea G, 1969b. Biological control of citrus pests in Peru. Proceedings of the first International Citrus Symposium. Riverside, California, USA, 2:839-848.
Beingolea G, 1977. Culmina con éxito proyecto de biológico de la queresa redonda de los cftricos Selenaspidus articulatus Morgan en el Per·, Noticiero Entomológico, Soc. Entomol del Per·, 1.
Beingolea G, 1991. Nota sobre el control biológico en el Per·: avances, perspectivas, apliccación y limitaciones III. Mesa Redonda de Control Biológico. Proceedings of the 12th International Plant Protection Congress, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: (SRNT-OIBC/FAO-UN).
Beingolea G, Salazar JT, Murat, I, 1969. Le rehabilitación de un huerto de cftricos, como ejemplo de la factibilidad de aplicar sistemas de control integrado de las plagas de los cftricos, como ejemplo de la factibilidad de aplicar sistemas de control integrado de las plagas de los cftricos en el Per·. Review of Peruvian Entomology, 13: 3-45.
CAN, 1994. Comunidad Andina de Naciones. Inventario de Plagas y Enfermedades de Importancia Económica que afectan a la Agricultura Subregional: Decisión 328, July 1994.
Dekle, G. W., 1976. In: Florida armored scale insects. 3vii + 345 pp..
Ebeling W, 1959. Subtropical Fruit Pests. Los Angeles, USA: University of California.
Ferris, G. F., 1938. Atlas of the Scale Insects of North America. Series II, SII-la, 2a:137-268.
García, M., Denno, B. D., Miller, D. R., Miller, G. L., Ben Dov, Y., Hardy, N. B., 2016. ScaleNet: A literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. http://scalenet.info
Hicks, C. B., 2018. Distribution status of Selenaspidus articulatus (Morgan) in the United States. Raleigh, USA: United States Department of Agriculture, 8 pp.
McKenzie, H. L., 1956. Bulletin of the California Insect Survey. The armored scale insects of Caifornia. Berkely, USA: University of California Press 5, 222 pp.
Nakahara, S., 1982. Checklist of the armored scales (Homoptera: Diaspididae) of the conterminous United States. USA: US Government Printing Office, 110 pp.
Squire FA, 1972. Biological control. Entomological problems in Bolivia. PANS., 18:263.
Waltman, K. G., 2008. The armored scale insects of Alabama (Hemiptera: Diaspididae). MS Thesis. Auburn, USA: Auburn University.
Distribution References
Beingolea G, 1977. (Culmina con éxito proyecto de biológico de la queresa redonda de los cftricos Selenaspidus articulatus Morgan en el Per·). In: Noticiero Entomológico, Soc. Entomol del Per·, 1.
Beingolea G, 1991. (Nota sobre el control biológico en el Per·: avances, perspectivas, apliccación y limitaciones III). In: Mesa Redonda de Control Biológico [Proceedings of the 12th International Plant Protection Congress], Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: (SRNT-OIBC/FAO-UN).
Beingolea G, Salazar JT, Murat I, 1969. (Le rehabilitación de un huerto de cftricos, como ejemplo de la factibilidad de aplicar sistemas de control integrado de las plagas de los cftricos, como ejemplo de la factibilidad de aplicar sistemas de control integrado de las plagas de los cftricos en el Per·). In: Review of Peruvian Entomology, 13 3-45.
CABI, Undated. Compendium record. Wallingford, UK: CABI
CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. Wallingford, UK: CABI
CAN, 1994. (Comunidad Andina de Naciones). In: Inventario de Plagas y Enfermedades de Importancia Económica que afectan a la Agricultura Subregional: Decisión 328, July 1994,
Ebeling W, 1959. Subtropical Fruit Pests., Los Angeles, USA: University of California.
Hicks CB, 2018. Distribution status of Selenaspidus articulatus (Morgan) in the United States., Raleigh, USA: United States Department of Agriculture. 8 pp.
McKenzie HL, 1956. The armored scale insects of Caifornia. In: Bulletin of the California Insect Survey, 5 Berkely, USA: University of California Press. 222 pp.
Nakahara S, 1982. Checklist of the armored scales (Homoptera: Diaspididae) of the conterminous United States., USA: US Government Printing Office. 110 pp.
NHM, 1891. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1894. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1920. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1921. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1922. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1925. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1931. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1932. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1940. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1948. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1953. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1956. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1964. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1966. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1971. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1972. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1973. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1977. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1980. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1981. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1983. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1985. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
NHM, 1988. Specimen record from the collection in the Natural History Museum (London, UK)., London, UK: Natural History Museum (London).
Squire F A, 1972. Biological control. PANS. 263.
Waltman KG, 2008. The armored scale insects of Alabama (Hemiptera: Diaspididae). MS Thesis., Auburn, USA: Auburn University.
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