Pratylenchus loosi (root lesion nematode)
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Top of pagePreferred Scientific Name
- Pratylenchus loosi Loof, 1960
Preferred Common Name
- root lesion nematode
International Common Names
- English: Loos' root lesion nematode; meadow nematode; nematode, Loos' root lesion
- French: anguillule de racines du theier
Local Common Names
- Germany: Nematode, Teewurzel-
- Japan: Tya-negusare-sentyu
EPPO code
- PRATLO (Pratylenchus loosi)
Taxonomic Tree
Top of page- Domain: Eukaryota
- Kingdom: Metazoa
- Phylum: Nematoda
- Family: Pratylenchidae
- Genus: Pratylenchus
- Species: Pratylenchus loosi
Distribution Table
Top of pageThe distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.
Last updated: 25 Feb 2021Continent/Country/Region | Distribution | Last Reported | Origin | First Reported | Invasive | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Africa |
|||||||
Kenya | Present | ||||||
Senegal | Present | ||||||
Asia |
|||||||
Bangladesh | Present | Original citation: Sivapalan & Gnananpragasa, 1990 | |||||
China | Present | Original citation: Sivapalan & Gnananpragasa, 1990 | |||||
-Sichuan | Present | ||||||
India | Present | ||||||
-Delhi | Present | ||||||
-Himachal Pradesh | Present | ||||||
-Kerala | Present | ||||||
-Rajasthan | Present | ||||||
-Sikkim | Present | ||||||
-West Bengal | Present | Original citation: Mukerjee & Dasgupta, 1982 | |||||
Iran | Present | ||||||
Japan | Present | ||||||
-Honshu | Present | ||||||
-Kyushu | Present | ||||||
-Ryukyu Islands | Present | ||||||
-Shikoku | Present | ||||||
South Korea | Present | ||||||
Sri Lanka | Present | ||||||
Taiwan | Present | ||||||
Turkey | Present | ||||||
Europe |
|||||||
Bulgaria | Present | ||||||
North America |
|||||||
Guadeloupe | Present | ||||||
United States | Present | ||||||
-Florida | Present | ||||||
Oceania |
|||||||
American Samoa | Present | ||||||
Australia | Present, Localized | ||||||
-New South Wales | Present | ||||||
Cook Islands | Present | ||||||
South America |
|||||||
Brazil | Present | Present based on regional distribution. | |||||
-Mato Grosso | Present | ||||||
Chile | Present |
List of Symptoms/Signs
Top of pageSign | Life Stages | Type |
---|---|---|
Leaves / abnormal colours | ||
Roots / reduced root system | ||
Roots / rot of wood | ||
Whole plant / dwarfing | ||
Whole plant / early senescence |
Pathway Vectors
Top of pageVector | Notes | Long Distance | Local | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Clothing, footwear and possessions | With plant material. | Yes | ||
Containers and packaging - wood | Of tea leaves. | Yes | ||
Importing tea plants. | Yes | |||
Soil, sand and gravel | Yes |
Plant Trade
Top of pagePlant parts liable to carry the pest in trade/transport | Pest stages | Borne internally | Borne externally | Visibility of pest or symptoms |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bulbs/Tubers/Corms/Rhizomes | nematodes/adults; nematodes/eggs; nematodes/juveniles | Yes | Pest or symptoms not visible to the naked eye but usually visible under light microscope | |
Growing medium accompanying plants | nematodes/adults; nematodes/eggs; nematodes/juveniles | Yes | Pest or symptoms not visible to the naked eye but usually visible under light microscope | |
Leaves | nematodes/adults; nematodes/eggs; nematodes/juveniles | Yes | Yes | Pest or symptoms not visible to the naked eye but usually visible under light microscope |
Roots | nematodes/adults; nematodes/eggs; nematodes/juveniles | Yes | Pest or symptoms not visible to the naked eye but usually visible under light microscope | |
Seedlings/Micropropagated plants | nematodes/adults; nematodes/eggs; nematodes/juveniles | Yes | Pest or symptoms not visible to the naked eye but usually visible under light microscope | |
Stems (above ground)/Shoots/Trunks/Branches | nematodes/adults; nematodes/eggs; nematodes/juveniles | Yes | Yes | Pest or symptoms not visible to the naked eye but usually visible under light microscope |
Plant parts not known to carry the pest in trade/transport |
---|
Bark |
Flowers/Inflorescences/Cones/Calyx |
Fruits (inc. pods) |
True seeds (inc. grain) |
Wood |
References
Top of pageBaquri QH, 1991. Contribution to the fauna of Sikkim. Nematodes associated with citrus from Sikkim, India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India - Occasional paper, 128:23-24
Basu SD, 1978. Heat the soil and kill nematodes. Two and A Bud, 14:84-85
Gadd CH, 1939. A destructive root disease of tea caused by the nematode, Anguillulina pratensis. Tea Quarterly, 12:131-139
Gadd CH, 1947. Disease problem. Tea Quarterly, 19:61-64
Gadd CH, Loos CA, 1946. The problem of nematode control in tea plantations. Tea Quarterly, 18:3-11
Gnanapragasam NC, 1987. Integrated strategies to manage nematodes in tea. Proceedings of the International Conference on Tea Quality and Human Health. China, Hangzhou, November, 1987:117-183
Gnanapragasam NC, 1988. Limitation to growth and productivity by plant parasitic nematodes. Proceedings of Regional Tea Conference, Tea Research Institute, Sri Lanka, 123-133
Gnanapragasam NC, 1991. Influence of soil amendments in reducing pathogenicity to tea by the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus loosi. Proceedings of the International Tea Symposium, Schizuoka, Japan, 684-688
Gnanapragasam NC, 1995. Nematode Pests of Tea. In: Sivapalan P, Gnanapragasam NC, Kathiravetpillai A, eds. Field Guide Book, Tea Research Institute, Talawakelle, Sri Lanka, 83-87
Gotoh A, 1976. A review of the plant-parasitic nematodes in warm and subtropical regions in Japan. Miscellaneous Bulletin of the Kyushu Agricultural Experimental Station, 54:61
Hutchinson MT, 1962. Rehabilitating tea soils - susceptibility of plants now in use to the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus loosi. Tea Quarterly, 33:138-14
Hutchinson MT, Vythilingam MK, 1963. The distribution of Pratylenchus loosi among tea estates in Ceylon, with particular reference to altitude. Tea Quarterly, 34:68-84
Inserra R, 1996. Nematology Section. Tri-ology Technical Report, 35(3):10-11
Kaneko T, Ichinohe M, 1963. Notes on the nematode species and their bionomics associated with tea roots in Japan. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology, 7:165-174
Kerr A, Vythilingham MK, 1966. Replanting eelworm infested areas. Tea Quarterly, 37, 67-72
Li DZ, 1985. Description of some species of parasitic nematodes of genus Pratylenchus on plant roots in Sichuan Province. Journal of Southwest Agricultural College (Japan), 2:51
Loof PAA, 1960. Taxonomic studies on the genus Pratylenchus (Nematoda). Tijdschr. Plantenziekten, 66:29-90
Loos CA, 1953. Eelworms. Tea Quarterly, 22:34-38
Mohotti KM, Bridge J, Gowen SR, 1998. Natural suppression of plant parasitic nematodes in tea soils in Sri Lanka. International Symposium of the European Society of Nematologists , August, 1998
Nakasono K, Ichinohe M, 1961. Hemicriconemoides kanayaensis n.sp. associated with tea root in Japan (Nematoda:Criconematidae). Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology, 5:273-276
Nakasono K, Yamamoto T, Kondo T, 1972. Seasonal fluctuation of nematode populations in a citrus orchard having replant problem. Japanese Journal of Nematology, 2:33-39
Pourjam E, Waenberge L, Moens M, Geraert E, 1999. Morphological, Morphometrical and molecular study of Pratylenchus coffeae and P. loosi (Nematoda:Pratylenchudae). Proceedings of 51st International symposium on crop protection Gent, Belgium, 4th May, 1999 Part 1 Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen, Univeriteit Gent, 64:391-401
Rao GN, 1976. Control of nematodes in nursery soil. Planters' Chronicle, 71(7):257, 259
Sivapalan P, 1967. Nematodes and Tea. Tea Quarterly, 38:260-268
Sivapalan P, 1971. The effects of infestation by Pratylenchus loosi and of soil fumigation on the growth of young tea plants in different soil types. Tea Quarterly, 42:131-137
Sivapalan P, 1972. Nematode Pests of Tea. In: Webster JM, ed. Economic Nematology. New York, USA: Academic Press, 285-310
Takaji K, 1969. Nematodes confronts tea plantations in Japan. Japanese Agricultural Research Quarterly, 4:27-2
Visser T, 1959. Observations on the prevalence and control of parasitic eelworms in tea. Tea Quarterly, 30:96-107
Waeyenberge L et al., 2000. Molecular characterisation of 18 Pratylenchus species using DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism. Nematology, 2:135-142.
Distribution References
Anon, 1996. Nematology Section. Tri-ology Technical Report. 35 (3), 10-11.
Baquri QH, 1991. Contribution to the fauna of Sikkim. Nematodes associated with citrus from Sikkim, India. In: Records of the Zoological Survey of India - Occasional paper, 128 23-24.
CABI, Undated. Compendium record. Wallingford, UK: CABI
CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status inferred from regional distribution. Wallingford, UK: CABI
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