Invasive Species Compendium

Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide

Datasheet

Pinus pinea
(stone pine)

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Datasheet

Pinus pinea (stone pine)

Index

Summary

  • Last modified
  • 28 February 2022
  • Datasheet Type(s)
  • Host Plant
  • Preferred Scientific Name
  • Pinus pinea
  • Preferred Common Name
  • stone pine
  • Taxonomic Tree
  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •   Kingdom: Plantae
  •     Phylum: Spermatophyta
  •       Subphylum: Gymnospermae
  •         Class: Pinopsida
  • Uses List
  • Agroforestry
  • Erosion control or dune stabilization
  • Gum/resin
  • Miscellaneous materials
  • Seeds

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Pictures

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PictureTitleCaptionCopyright
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Artek children's camp near the town Hurzuf, Crimean peninsula, Ukraine. September 2009.
TitleHabit
CaptionPinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Artek children's camp near the town Hurzuf, Crimean peninsula, Ukraine. September 2009.
Copyright©Mykola Swarnyk/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 3.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Artek children's camp near the town Hurzuf, Crimean peninsula, Ukraine. September 2009.
HabitPinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Artek children's camp near the town Hurzuf, Crimean peninsula, Ukraine. September 2009.©Mykola Swarnyk/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 3.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Eski Baraj park, Adana, Turkey. December 2014.
TitleHabit
CaptionPinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Eski Baraj park, Adana, Turkey. December 2014.
Copyright©Zeynel Cebeci/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 4.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Eski Baraj park, Adana, Turkey. December 2014.
HabitPinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Eski Baraj park, Adana, Turkey. December 2014.©Zeynel Cebeci/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 4.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Young shoots. Adana Province, Turkey. April 2014.
TitleYoung shoots
CaptionPinus pinea (stone pine); Young shoots. Adana Province, Turkey. April 2014.
Copyright©Zeynel Cebeci/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 3.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Young shoots. Adana Province, Turkey. April 2014.
Young shootsPinus pinea (stone pine); Young shoots. Adana Province, Turkey. April 2014.©Zeynel Cebeci/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 3.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Unripe female cone. Fuendetodos, Aragon, Spain. June 2015.
TitleUnripe female cone
CaptionPinus pinea (stone pine); Unripe female cone. Fuendetodos, Aragon, Spain. June 2015.
Copyright©S. Rae/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY 2.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Unripe female cone. Fuendetodos, Aragon, Spain. June 2015.
Unripe female conePinus pinea (stone pine); Unripe female cone. Fuendetodos, Aragon, Spain. June 2015.©S. Rae/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY 2.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Female cone. Belgium. September 2014.
TitleFemale cone
CaptionPinus pinea (stone pine); Female cone. Belgium. September 2014.
Copyright©Wouter Hagens/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 4.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Female cone. Belgium. September 2014.
Female conePinus pinea (stone pine); Female cone. Belgium. September 2014.©Wouter Hagens/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 4.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Closed female cone. Fuendetodos, Aragon, Spain. June 2015.
TitleFemale cone
CaptionPinus pinea (stone pine); Closed female cone. Fuendetodos, Aragon, Spain. June 2015.
Copyright©S. Rae/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY 2.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Closed female cone. Fuendetodos, Aragon, Spain. June 2015.
Female conePinus pinea (stone pine); Closed female cone. Fuendetodos, Aragon, Spain. June 2015.©S. Rae/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY 2.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Male cones. Parque Ana Tutor, Madrid. May 2005.
TitleMale cones
CaptionPinus pinea (stone pine); Male cones. Parque Ana Tutor, Madrid. May 2005.
Copyright©Luis Fernández García/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 2.1 ES
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Male cones. Parque Ana Tutor, Madrid. May 2005.
Male conesPinus pinea (stone pine); Male cones. Parque Ana Tutor, Madrid. May 2005.©Luis Fernández García/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 2.1 ES
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Male cones. March 2010.
TitleMale cones
CaptionPinus pinea (stone pine); Male cones. March 2010.
Copyright©Giancarlodessi/via Wkikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 3.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Male cones. March 2010.
Male conesPinus pinea (stone pine); Male cones. March 2010.©Giancarlodessi/via Wkikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 3.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Pompeii, Italy. July 2015.
TitleHabit
CaptionPinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Pompeii, Italy. July 2015.
CopyrightPublic Domain - Released by Jebulon/via Wikimedia Commons - CC0 1.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Pompeii, Italy. July 2015.
HabitPinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Pompeii, Italy. July 2015.Public Domain - Released by Jebulon/via Wikimedia Commons - CC0 1.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Artek childrens camp near the town Hurzuf, Crimean peninsula, Ukraine. September 2009.
TitleHabit
CaptionPinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Artek childrens camp near the town Hurzuf, Crimean peninsula, Ukraine. September 2009.
Copyright©Mykola Swarnyk/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 3.0
Pinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Artek childrens camp near the town Hurzuf, Crimean peninsula, Ukraine. September 2009.
HabitPinus pinea (stone pine); Habit. Artek childrens camp near the town Hurzuf, Crimean peninsula, Ukraine. September 2009.©Mykola Swarnyk/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 3.0
P. pinea stand, managed for multifunctional objectives.
TitleLow density stand
CaptionP. pinea stand, managed for multifunctional objectives.
CopyrightMercurio
P. pinea stand, managed for multifunctional objectives.
Low density standP. pinea stand, managed for multifunctional objectives.Mercurio
P. pinea cones are laid out for drying, in order to collect seeds.
TitleCones
CaptionP. pinea cones are laid out for drying, in order to collect seeds.
CopyrightMercurio
P. pinea cones are laid out for drying, in order to collect seeds.
ConesP. pinea cones are laid out for drying, in order to collect seeds.Mercurio
Mature 3-year-old P. pinea cone and terminal shoot.
TitleCone and shoot
CaptionMature 3-year-old P. pinea cone and terminal shoot.
CopyrightMercurio
Mature 3-year-old P. pinea cone and terminal shoot.
Cone and shootMature 3-year-old P. pinea cone and terminal shoot.Mercurio
Adult P. pinea
TitleBark
CaptionAdult P. pinea
CopyrightAndrea Cutini
Adult P. pinea
BarkAdult P. pineaAndrea Cutini
This photograph shows the old method used to collect resin from P. pinea
TitleResin collection
CaptionThis photograph shows the old method used to collect resin from P. pinea
CopyrightAndrea Cutini
This photograph shows the old method used to collect resin from P. pinea
Resin collectionThis photograph shows the old method used to collect resin from P. pineaAndrea Cutini
A 20-year-old stone pine, showing the rounded crown shape. Tree height 7 m. Location: Tuscany, central Italy.
TitleYoung tree
CaptionA 20-year-old stone pine, showing the rounded crown shape. Tree height 7 m. Location: Tuscany, central Italy.
CopyrightAndrea Cutini
A 20-year-old stone pine, showing the rounded crown shape. Tree height 7 m. Location: Tuscany, central Italy.
Young treeA 20-year-old stone pine, showing the rounded crown shape. Tree height 7 m. Location: Tuscany, central Italy.Andrea Cutini
Adult stone pine typically exhibits this crown shape. Tree aged 100 years; 20 m high. Location: Tuscany, central Italy.
TitleUmbrella-shaped crown
CaptionAdult stone pine typically exhibits this crown shape. Tree aged 100 years; 20 m high. Location: Tuscany, central Italy.
CopyrightAndrea Cutini
Adult stone pine typically exhibits this crown shape. Tree aged 100 years; 20 m high. Location: Tuscany, central Italy.
Umbrella-shaped crownAdult stone pine typically exhibits this crown shape. Tree aged 100 years; 20 m high. Location: Tuscany, central Italy.Andrea Cutini

Identity

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Preferred Scientific Name

  • Pinus pinea L.

Preferred Common Name

  • stone pine

Other Scientific Names

  • Pinus domestica Matthews
  • Pinus sativa Lam.

International Common Names

  • English: Italian stone pine; umbrella pine
  • Spanish: pino pinonero; pino piñonero
  • French: pignon; pin parasol; pin pignon
  • Portuguese: pinhero manso

Local Common Names

  • Germany: Pinie; Schirmpinie
  • Italy: pino da pinoli; pino domestico
  • Netherlands: parasolpijn; steenpijn

EPPO code

  • PIUPN (Pinus pinea)

Taxonomic Tree

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  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •     Kingdom: Plantae
  •         Phylum: Spermatophyta
  •             Subphylum: Gymnospermae
  •                 Class: Pinopsida
  •                     Family: Pinaceae
  •                         Genus: Pinus
  •                             Species: Pinus pinea

Plant Type

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Seed propagated
Tree
Vegetatively propagated

List of Pests

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Major host of:

Eulachnus rileyi (pine needle aphid); Heterobasidion annosum; Hylastes ater (black pine bark beetle); Hylurgus micklitzi; Macrophomina phaseolina (charcoal rot of bean/tobacco); Melampsora populnea; Monochamus galloprovincialis (pine sawyer); Mycosphaerella dearnessii (brown spot needle blight); Mycosphaerella gibsonii (needle blight of pine); Mycosphaerella pini (Dothistroma blight); Orthotomicus erosus (Mediterranean pine beetle); Pineus pini (pine woolly aphid); Pissodes validirostris (pine cone weevil); Sirex noctilio (woodwasp); Tomicus minor (lesser pine shoot beetle); Tomicus piniperda (common pine shoot beetle)

Minor host of:

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (pine wilt nematode); Cronartium flaccidum (Scots pine blister rust); Gibberella circinata (pitch canker); Gremmeniella abietina (Brunchorstia disease); Hylurgops palliatus (lesser spruce shoot beetle); Hylurgus ligniperda (red-haired pine bark beetle); Leptoglossus occidentalis (western conifer-seed bug); Pineus boerneri (pine woolly aphid); Pissodes castaneus (small banded pine weevil); Rhyacionia buoliana (European pine shoot moth); Sphaeropsis sapinea (Sphaeropsis blight); Thaumetopoea pityocampa (pine processionary)

Associated with (not a host):

Tylenchorhynchus mediterraneus

Host of (source - data mining):

Armillaria gallica; Armillaria ostoyae (armillaria root rot); Carphoborus henscheli; Carphoborus pini; Cenangium ferruginosum (dieback: pine); Cryptoblabes gnidiella (citrus pyralid); Hylastes angustatus; Hylastes attenuatus; Ips sexdentatus (six-toothed bark beetle); Leptographium tereforme; Leucaspis pusilla; Lophodermium seditiosum (needle cast: pines)

Uses List

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Environmental

  • Agroforestry
  • Erosion control or dune stabilization

Human food and beverage

  • Seeds

Materials

  • Gum/resin
  • Miscellaneous materials
  • Wood/timber

Ornamental

  • Christmas tree
  • Cut flower
  • garden plant
  • Potted plant
  • Propagation material
  • Seed trade

Wood Products

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Boats

Containers

  • Crates
  • Pallets

Roundwood

  • Piles
  • Pit props
  • Roundwood structures

Sawn or hewn building timbers

  • Carpentry/joinery (exterior/interior)
  • For light construction

Wood wool

Wood-based materials

  • Fibreboard
  • Particleboard
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