Invasive Species Compendium

Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide

Datasheet

Pinus banksiana
(jack pine)

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Datasheet

Pinus banksiana (jack pine)

Index

Summary

  • Last modified
  • 20 November 2019
  • Datasheet Type(s)
  • Host Plant
  • Preferred Scientific Name
  • Pinus banksiana
  • Preferred Common Name
  • jack pine
  • Taxonomic Tree
  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •   Kingdom: Plantae
  •     Phylum: Spermatophyta
  •       Subphylum: Gymnospermae
  •         Class: Pinopsida
  • Uses List
  • Agroforestry
  • Erosion control or dune stabilization
  • Fibre
  • Fuelwood
  • Ornamental

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Pictures

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PictureTitleCaptionCopyright
A mature stand of pure P. banksiana. This species has less desirable form, size, and branching pattern than Pinus contorta.
TitleMature stand
CaptionA mature stand of pure P. banksiana. This species has less desirable form, size, and branching pattern than Pinus contorta.
CopyrightJ. Worrall
A mature stand of pure P. banksiana. This species has less desirable form, size, and branching pattern than Pinus contorta.
Mature standA mature stand of pure P. banksiana. This species has less desirable form, size, and branching pattern than Pinus contorta.J. Worrall
P. banksiana is the characteristic species of the Eastern and Central Canadian boreal forest. On this site, a mixture of P. banksiana (in the upper stratum) and Picea mariana (in the lower stratum) has developed after a large-scale fire in northwestern Ontario.
TitleMixed stand
CaptionP. banksiana is the characteristic species of the Eastern and Central Canadian boreal forest. On this site, a mixture of P. banksiana (in the upper stratum) and Picea mariana (in the lower stratum) has developed after a large-scale fire in northwestern Ontario.
CopyrightK. Klinka
P. banksiana is the characteristic species of the Eastern and Central Canadian boreal forest. On this site, a mixture of P. banksiana (in the upper stratum) and Picea mariana (in the lower stratum) has developed after a large-scale fire in northwestern Ontario.
Mixed standP. banksiana is the characteristic species of the Eastern and Central Canadian boreal forest. On this site, a mixture of P. banksiana (in the upper stratum) and Picea mariana (in the lower stratum) has developed after a large-scale fire in northwestern Ontario.K. Klinka
P. banksiana is the characteristic species of the Eastern and Central Canadian boreal forest. Extensive, nearly pure stands of P. banksiana may develop after large-scale wildfires. On this site, a semi-open canopy, young stand (±50-year-old) of P. banksiana with bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) understorey, on fluvial deposits in southern Quebec.
TitleForest
CaptionP. banksiana is the characteristic species of the Eastern and Central Canadian boreal forest. Extensive, nearly pure stands of P. banksiana may develop after large-scale wildfires. On this site, a semi-open canopy, young stand (±50-year-old) of P. banksiana with bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) understorey, on fluvial deposits in southern Quebec.
CopyrightK. Klinka
P. banksiana is the characteristic species of the Eastern and Central Canadian boreal forest. Extensive, nearly pure stands of P. banksiana may develop after large-scale wildfires. On this site, a semi-open canopy, young stand (±50-year-old) of P. banksiana with bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) understorey, on fluvial deposits in southern Quebec.
ForestP. banksiana is the characteristic species of the Eastern and Central Canadian boreal forest. Extensive, nearly pure stands of P. banksiana may develop after large-scale wildfires. On this site, a semi-open canopy, young stand (±50-year-old) of P. banksiana with bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) understorey, on fluvial deposits in southern Quebec.K. Klinka
The mature bark of P. banksiana is brown-orange and shaggy-scaley.
TitleBark
CaptionThe mature bark of P. banksiana is brown-orange and shaggy-scaley.
CopyrightJ. Worrall
The mature bark of P. banksiana is brown-orange and shaggy-scaley.
BarkThe mature bark of P. banksiana is brown-orange and shaggy-scaley.J. Worrall
Immature cones of P. banksiana in June. Cones differ from Pinus contorta in having smooth cone scales.
TitleCone
CaptionImmature cones of P. banksiana in June. Cones differ from Pinus contorta in having smooth cone scales.
CopyrightJ. Worrall
Immature cones of P. banksiana in June. Cones differ from Pinus contorta in having smooth cone scales.
ConeImmature cones of P. banksiana in June. Cones differ from Pinus contorta in having smooth cone scales.J. Worrall

Identity

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Preferred Scientific Name

  • Pinus banksiana Lamb.

Preferred Common Name

  • jack pine

Other Scientific Names

  • Pinus divaricata (Aiton) Sudw.
  • Pinus sylvestris var. divaricata Aiton

International Common Names

  • English: scrub pine
  • Spanish: pino de Banks; pino jack
  • French: pin de Banks

Local Common Names

  • North America: Hudson Bay pine
  • Canada: Banksian pine; black pine; gray pine; scrub pine
  • Germany: Banks Kiefer; Strauch- Kiefer
  • Italy: pino di Banks
  • Netherlands: struikden; struikpijn
  • USA: Banksian pine; black pine; gray pine; scrub pine

EPPO code

  • PIUBN (Pinus banksiana)

Trade name

  • eastern woods
  • northern pine

Taxonomic Tree

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  • Domain: Eukaryota
  •     Kingdom: Plantae
  •         Phylum: Spermatophyta
  •             Subphylum: Gymnospermae
  •                 Class: Pinopsida
  •                     Family: Pinaceae
  •                         Genus: Pinus
  •                             Species: Pinus banksiana

List of Pests

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Major host of:

Arceuthobium americanum (lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe); Armillaria ostoyae (armillaria root rot); Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (pine wilt nematode); Choristoneura pinus pinus (jack-pine budworm); Cronartium coleosporioides (pine cow wheat rust); Cronartium comandrae (comandra blister rust); Cronartium comptoniae (sweet fern blister rust); Cronartium quercuum (pine-oak rust); Diprion similis (white pine sawfly); Endocronartium harknessii (western gall rust); Ips calligraphus (six-spined ips); Ips grandicollis (five-spined bark beetle); Ips pini (pine engraver); Monochamus carolinensis (pine sawyer); Monochamus mutator (spotted pine sawyer); Mycosphaerella dearnessii (brown spot needle blight); Neodiprion sertifer (European pine sawfly); Pissodes nemorensis (northern pine weevil); Pissodes strobi (Sitka spruce weevil); Pissodes terminalis (lodgepole pine terminal weevil); Sirex noctilio (woodwasp); Sirococcus conigenus (sirococcus blight of conifers); Sphaeropsis sapinea (Sphaeropsis blight)

Minor host of:

Arceuthobium pusillum (eastern dwarf mistletoe); Atropellis piniphila (twig blight of pine); Candidatus Phytoplasma pini (pine witches'-broom phytoplasma); Choristoneura fumiferana (spruce budworm); Coleosporium asterum (needle cast: red pine); Conyza canadensis (Canadian fleabane); Gremmeniella abietina (Brunchorstia disease); Heterobasidion annosum; Lambdina fiscellaria (eastern hemlock looper); Leptographium procerum (white pine root decline); Lymantria monacha (nun moth); Monochamus alternatus (Japanese pine sawyer); Monochamus saltuarius (Japanese pine sawyer); Mycosphaerella pini (Dothistroma blight); Panolis flammea (pine beauty moth); Pissodes castaneus (small banded pine weevil); Pissodes validirostris (pine cone weevil); Pityogenes chalcographus (sixtoothed spruce bark beetls); Pristiphora erichsonii (larch sawfly)

Wild host of:

Fomitopsis pinicola (brown crumbly rot)

Associated with (not a host):

Bacillus subtilis

Host of (source - data mining):

Asynapta hopkinsi (cone resin midge); Conophthorus resinosae (red pine cone beetle); Dioryctria disclusa (webbing coneworm); Diprion pini (common pine sawfly); Eucosma gloriola (eastern pine shoot borer); Eucosma monitorana (red pine cone borer); Ips perroti; Monochamus scutellatus (white-spotted sawyer); Neodiprion pratti (jack pine, sawfly); Ophiostoma piceaperdum (girdling canker: pine); Petrova albicapitana (northern pitch twig moth); Rhyacionia adana; Rhyacionia busckana (red pine shoot borer); Rhyacionia granti (jack pine shoot borer); Tetyra bipunctata (shieldbacked pine seed bug)

Uses List

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Environmental

  • Agroforestry
  • Erosion control or dune stabilization

Fuels

  • Fuelwood

General

  • Ornamental

Materials

  • Fibre
  • Wood/timber

Medicinal, pharmaceutical

  • Traditional/folklore

Wood Products

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Containers

  • Boxes
  • Crates
  • Pallets
  • Vats

Pulp

  • Short-fibre pulp

Roundwood

  • Building poles
  • Posts
  • Roundwood structures

Sawn or hewn building timbers

  • Carpentry/joinery (exterior/interior)
  • Flooring
  • For light construction

Wood-based materials

  • Particleboard
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