| Picture | Title | Caption | Copyright |
|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms on maize leaf | Stalk spots on maize. | ©CIMMYT | |
| Infected leaf, and spores | A, Infected leaf and leaf sheath of maize x 1.6; B, section of leaf containing resting spores x 125; C, resting spores x 325. CMI Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria No. 753. CAB International, Wallingford, UK. (Photo: D W Fry and J C Walker). | CAB International |
Datasheet
Physoderma maydis (brown spot of corn)
Index
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Top of pageIdentity
Top of pagePreferred Scientific Name
- Physoderma maydis (Miyabe) Miyabe, 1909
Preferred Common Name
- brown spot of corn
Other Scientific Names
- Cladochytrium maydis Miyabe, 1903
- Physoderma zeae-maydis F.J.F. Shaw, 1912 (teleomorph)
International Common Names
- English: brown spot of maize; maize brown spot; physoderma brown spot; physoderma Disease
- Spanish: mancha foliar del maiz
- French: taches brunes du maïs
Local Common Names
- Germany: Braunfleckenkrankheit: Mais
EPPO code
- PHYDMA (Physoderma maydis)
Taxonomic Tree
Top of page- Domain: Eukaryota
- Kingdom: Fungi
- Phylum: Chytridiomycota
- Class: Chytridiomycetes
- Order: Blastocladiales
- Family: Physodermataceae
- Genus: Physoderma
- Species: Physoderma maydis
Distribution Table
Top of pageThe distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.
Last updated: 12 May 2022| Continent/Country/Region | Distribution | Last Reported | Origin | First Reported | Invasive | Reference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Africa |
|||||||
| Cameroon | Present | ||||||
| Congo, Democratic Republic of the | Present | ||||||
| Ghana | Present | ||||||
| Kenya | Present | ||||||
| Libya | Present | ||||||
| Malawi | Present | ||||||
| Mozambique | Present | ||||||
| Nigeria | Present | ||||||
| Sierra Leone | Present | ||||||
| Tanzania | Present | ||||||
| Togo | Present | ||||||
| Uganda | Present | ||||||
| Zambia | Present | ||||||
| Zimbabwe | Present | ||||||
Asia |
|||||||
| Bangladesh | Present | ||||||
| Bhutan | Present | ||||||
| Cambodia | Present | ||||||
| China | Present, Widespread | ||||||
| -Guangdong | Present | ||||||
| -Guangxi | Present | ||||||
| -Guizhou | Present | ||||||
| -Hebei | Present | ||||||
| -Henan | Present | ||||||
| -Jiangsu | Present | ||||||
| -Jilin | Present | ||||||
| -Liaoning | Present | ||||||
| -Shandong | Present | ||||||
| -Sichuan | Present | ||||||
| -Tibet | Present | ||||||
| -Yunnan | Present | ||||||
| -Zhejiang | Present | ||||||
| Georgia | Present | ||||||
| India | Present, Localized | ||||||
| -Bihar | Present | ||||||
| -Karnataka | Present | ||||||
| -Madhya Pradesh | Present | ||||||
| -Maharashtra | Present | ||||||
| -Odisha | Present | ||||||
| -Rajasthan | Present | ||||||
| -West Bengal | Present | ||||||
| Indonesia | Present | ||||||
| Japan | Present | ||||||
| Laos | Present | ||||||
| Nepal | Present | ||||||
| Pakistan | Present | ||||||
| Philippines | Present | ||||||
| Thailand | Present | ||||||
Europe |
|||||||
| Russia | Present, Localized | ||||||
| -Russian Far East | Present | ||||||
North America |
|||||||
| Costa Rica | Present | ||||||
| Cuba | Present | ||||||
| El Salvador | Present | ||||||
| Guatemala | Present | ||||||
| Mexico | Present | ||||||
| Panama | Present | ||||||
| United States | Present, Widespread | ||||||
| -Alabama | Present | ||||||
| -Arkansas | Present | ||||||
| -California | Present | ||||||
| -Delaware | Present | ||||||
| -Florida | Present | ||||||
| -Georgia | Present | ||||||
| -Hawaii | Present | ||||||
| -Illinois | Present | ||||||
| -Indiana | Present | ||||||
| -Iowa | Present | ||||||
| -Kansas | Present | ||||||
| -Kentucky | Present | ||||||
| -Louisiana | Present | ||||||
| -Maryland | Present | ||||||
| -Minnesota | Present | ||||||
| -Mississippi | Present | ||||||
| -Missouri | Present | ||||||
| -Nebraska | Present | ||||||
| -New Jersey | Present | ||||||
| -North Carolina | Present | ||||||
| -Ohio | Present | ||||||
| -Oklahoma | Present | ||||||
| -South Carolina | Present | ||||||
| -South Dakota | Present | ||||||
| -Tennessee | Present | ||||||
| -Texas | Present | ||||||
| -Virginia | Present | ||||||
| -West Virginia | Present | ||||||
Oceania |
|||||||
| Australia | Present, Localized | ||||||
| -Queensland | Present | ||||||
| -Victoria | Present | ||||||
South America |
|||||||
| Argentina | Present | ||||||
| Brazil | Present | ||||||
| -Sao Paulo | Present | ||||||
| Colombia | Present | ||||||
| Venezuela | Present | ||||||
List of Symptoms/Signs
Top of page| Sign | Life Stages | Type |
|---|---|---|
| Inflorescence / lesions on glumes | ||
| Leaves / abnormal colours | ||
| Leaves / fungal growth | ||
| Stems / discoloration of bark | ||
| Stems / mould growth on lesion | ||
| Whole plant / dwarfing |
Plant Trade
Top of page| Plant parts liable to carry the pest in trade/transport | Pest stages | Borne internally | Borne externally | Visibility of pest or symptoms |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flowers/Inflorescences/Cones/Calyx | fungi/hyphae; fungi/spores | Yes | Yes | Pest or symptoms usually visible to the naked eye |
| Fruits (inc. pods) | fungi/hyphae; fungi/spores | Yes | Yes | Pest or symptoms usually visible to the naked eye |
| Leaves | fungi/hyphae; fungi/spores | Yes | Yes | Pest or symptoms usually visible to the naked eye |
| Stems (above ground)/Shoots/Trunks/Branches | fungi/hyphae; fungi/spores | Yes | Yes | Pest or symptoms usually visible to the naked eye |
| Plant parts not known to carry the pest in trade/transport |
|---|
| Bark |
| Bulbs/Tubers/Corms/Rhizomes |
| Growing medium accompanying plants |
| Roots |
| Seedlings/Micropropagated plants |
| Wood |
References
Top of pageBroyles JW, 1956. Observations on time and location of penetration in relation to amount of damage and chemical control of Physoderma maydis. Phytopathology, 46:8.
Broyles JW, 1959. Incidence of brown spot of corn in Mississippi in 1957 and estimations of its effect on yield. Plant Disease Reporter, 43:18-21.
Broyles JW, 1962. Penetration of meristematic tissues of corn by Physoderma maydis. Phytopathology, 52:1013-1016.
Burgos NR; Carillo R; Ortuoste R; Reintar R, 1989. Growth and yield performance of corn varieties as affected by fertilizer levels. USMARC Monitor, 10:6-7.
Burns EE; Shurtleff MC, 1973. Observations of Physoderma maydis in Illinois: effects of tillage practice in field corn. Plant Disease Reporter, 57:630-633.
EPPO, 2014. PQR database. Paris, France: European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. http://www.eppo.int/DATABASES/pqr/pqr.htm
Moll RH; Thompson DL; Harvey PH, 1963. A quantitative genetic study of the inheritance of resistance to brown spot (Physoderma maydis) of corn. Crop Science, 3:389-391.
Poneleit CG; Evans KO, 1972. Kentucky hybrid corn performance test, 1972. Progress Report, Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky, 206:31.
Shurtleff MC, 1980. Compendium of Corn Diseases. St Paul, Minnesota, USA: APS Press, 37.
Sparrow FK, 1947. Observations on chytridiaceous parasites of phanerogams. II. A preliminary study of the occurrence of ephemeral sporangia in the physoderma disease of maize. American Journal of Botany, 34:94-97.
Thompson DL, 1969. Quantitative genetic estimates for brown spot resistance in corn. Crop Science, 9:246-247.
Thompson DL; Rawlings JO; Moll RH, 1963. Inheritance and breeding information pertaining to brown spot resistance in corn. Crop Science, 3:511-514.
Tisdale WH, 1919. Physoderma disease of corn. Journal of Agricultural Research, 16:137-154.
Distribution References
CABI, Undated. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. Wallingford, UK: CABI
Poneleit CG, Evans KO, 1972. Kentucky hybrid corn performance test, 1972. In: Progress Report, 206 Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky. 31.
Tisdale W H, 1919. Physoderma disease of corn. Journal of Agricultural Research. 137-154.
Distribution Maps
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