Phoenix dactylifera
(date-palm)

Pictures

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Identity

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Preferred Scientific Name

• Phoenix dactylifera L.

Preferred Common Name

• date-palm

International Common Names

• English: date palm; the edible date
• Spanish: datilera; palma datilera; palmera; palmera datilera
• French: dattier; palmier dattier
• Arabic: khuriude-yális
• Portuguese: tamareira

Local Common Names

• Brazil: tamareira
• Germany: Dattelpalme
• India: ittappuzham; karchuram; khaji; khajur; kharjuramu; khorjjuri; perich chankay; tenitta
• Italy: palma da datteri; palma del dattero
• Netherlands: dadelpalm
• Pakistan: khaji; khajur
• Sweden: dadelpalm

EPPO code

• PHXDA (Phoenix dactylifera)

Taxonomic Tree

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• Domain: Eukaryota
•     Kingdom: Plantae
•         Phylum: Spermatophyta
•             Subphylum: Angiospermae
•                 Class: Monocotyledonae
•                     Order: Arecales
•                         Family: Arecaceae
•                             Genus: Phoenix
•                                 Species: Phoenix dactylifera

List of Pests

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Major host of:

Apomyelois ceratoniae (blunt-winged knot-horn); Aspergillus niger (black mould of onion); Batrachedra amydraula (lesser date moth); Boerhavia diffusa (red spiderling); Brevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite); Cadra cautella (dried currant moth); Carpophilus (dried-fruit beetles); Conyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane); Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug); Euphorbia hirta (garden spurge); Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug); Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis (Fusarium wilt of date palm); Haplaxius crudus (American palm cixiid); Helicotylenchus dihystera (common spiral nematode); Oligonychus afrasiaticus (old world date mite); Ommatissus binotatus (Dubas date bug); Oryctes boas (rhinoceros beetle); Oryctes monoceros (coconut beetle); Oryctes rhinoceros (coconut rhinoceros beetle); Parlatoria blanchardi (Parlatoria date scale); Pratylenchus penetrans (nematode, northern root lesion); Raoiella indica (red palm mite); Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (red palm weevil); Rhynchophorus palmarum (South American palm weevil); Schistocerca gregaria (desert locust)

Minor host of:

Acarus siro (flour mite); Aleurotrachelus atratus (palm-infesting whitefly); Alhagi maurorum (camelthorn); Alternaria alternata (alternaria leaf spot); Anastrepha suspensa (Caribbean fruit fly); Aonidiella orientalis (oriental yellow scale); Apate monachus (black borer); Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid); Armillaria tabescens (armillaria root rot); Asarcopus palmarum (date bug); Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus ear rot); Asphodelus tenuifolius (onionweed); Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale); Bactrocera neohumeralis; Bactrocera tryoni (Queensland fruit fly); Bactrocera zonata (peach fruit fly); Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris (yellow disease phytoplasmas); Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae (lethal yellowing of coconut); Carpophilus hemipterus (dried fruit beetle); Carposina sasakii (peach fruit moth); Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly); Ceratocystis paradoxa (black rot of pineapple); Ceratocystis radicicola; Cheyletus malaccensis (predatory mite); Chrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale); Cochliobolus spicifer (spring dead spot of grasses); Coconut cadang-cadang viroid (cadang cadang disease); Colletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry); Cunaxa capreolus; Diaprepes abbreviatus (citrus weevil); Ephestia kuehniella (Mediterranean flour moth); Fusarium torulosum; Graphiola phoenicis (false smut of palms); Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (European mole cricket); Haematonectria haematococca (dry rot of potato); Hemicriconemoides mangiferae; Lasiodiplodia theobromae (diplodia pod rot of cocoa); Maconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug); Mauginiella scaettae; Meloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode); Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode); Meloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm); Mycosphaerella tassiana (antagonist of Botrytis cinerea); Nectria ventricosa; Oryzaephilus surinamensis (saw toothed grain beetle); Paysandisia archon (South American palm borer); Penicillium expansum (blue mould of stored apple); Pestalotiopsis palmarum (grey: palm leaf spot); Phenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug); Phoenicococcus marlatti (marlatt scale); Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug); Rhadinaphelenchus cocophilus (red ring nematode); Rhynchophorus phoenicis (African palm weevil); Selenaspidus articulatus (West Indian red scale); Sordaria fimicola; Spodoptera littoralis (cotton leafworm); Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite); Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle); Tribulus terrestris (puncture vine); Urophorus humeralis (pineapple sap beetle); Zaprionus indianus; Zophopetes dysmephila (palm tree nightfighter)

Associated with (not a host):

Aspergillus fumigatus; Aspergillus parasiticus; Phaeoacremonium aleophilum (Petri disease); Serratia marcescens

Host of (source - data mining):

Amitermes desertorum; Arenipses sabella; Cadra calidella (carob, moth); Cadra figulilella (raisin moth); Carpophilus freemani; Carpophilus lugubris (sap beetle, dusky); Carpophilus mutilatus (flower beetle); Carpophilus obsoletus (corn sap beetle); Coccotrypes dactyliperda (beetle, button); Enneadesmus obtusedentatus; Fusarium oxysporum (basal rot); Gibberella intricans (damping-off of safflower); Haptoncus luteolus; Lyctus africanus (african powder-post beetle); Metamasius hemipterus sericeus (silky cane weevil); Oryzaephilus mercator (merchant grain beetle); Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (cotton, seed bug); Rotylenchulus reniformis (reniform nematode)

Uses List

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Animal feed, fodder, forage

• Fodder/animal feed

Environmental

• Agroforestry
• Erosion control or dune stabilization
• Shade and shelter
• Soil improvement
• Windbreak

Fuels

• Fuelwood

General

• Ornamental

Human food and beverage

• Beverage base
• Flour/starch
• Fruits
• Honey/honey flora
• Oil/fat

Materials

• Fibre
• Gum/resin
• Wood/timber

Medicinal, pharmaceutical

• Source of medicine/pharmaceutical
• Traditional/folklore

Wood Products

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Sawn or hewn building timbers

• Bridges
• Engineering structures
• Exterior fittings
• Fences
• For light construction
• Hydraulic works