Maize chlorotic dwarf virus
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Top of pagePreferred Scientific Name
- Maize chlorotic dwarf virus
Other Scientific Names
- maize chlorotic dwarf machlovirus
- maize chlorotic dwarf MCDV group
- maize chlorotic dwarf ribotungrovirus
- maize chlorotic dwarf waikavirus
- Ohio corn stunt agent
English acronym
- MCDV
EPPO code
- MCDV00 (Maize chlorotic dwarf waikavirus)
Taxonomic Tree
Top of page- Domain: Virus
- Group: "Positive sense ssRNA viruses"
- Group: "RNA viruses"
- Family: Sequiviridae
- Genus: Waikavirus
- Species: Maize chlorotic dwarf virus
Distribution Table
Top of pageThe distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.
Last updated: 10 Jan 2020Continent/Country/Region | Distribution | Last Reported | Origin | First Reported | Invasive | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
North America |
|||||||
United States | Present | Present based on regional distribution. | |||||
-Alabama | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Arkansas | Present | ||||||
-Delaware | Present | ||||||
-Georgia | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Illinois | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Indiana | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Kentucky | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Louisiana | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Maryland | Present | ||||||
-Mississippi | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Missouri | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-North Carolina | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Ohio | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Pennsylvania | Present | ||||||
-South Carolina | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Tennessee | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Texas | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Virginia | Present, Widespread |
List of Symptoms/Signs
Top of pageSign | Life Stages | Type |
---|---|---|
Leaves / abnormal colours | ||
Stems / stunting or rosetting | ||
Whole plant / dwarfing |
Vectors and Intermediate Hosts
Top of pageVector | Source | Reference | Group | Distribution |
---|---|---|---|---|
Graminella nigrifrons | Insect | USA |
References
Top of pageAll JN, 1983. Integrating techniques of vector and weed-host suppression into control programs for maize virus diseases. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Nault LR, Ritter RM, eds. Proceedings of the International Maize Virus Disease Colloquium and Workshop, August 2-6, 1982. Wooster, Ohio, USA: The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 243-247.
All JN; Kuhn CW; Jellum MD, 1981. Control strategies for vectors of virus and viruslike pathogens of maize and sorghum. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Scott GE, eds. Virus and viruslike Diseases of Maize in the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin, 247:121-131.
Anon., 1973. Corn and grain sorghum performance tests. Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report, 149.
Anon., 1974. Performance tests: corn and grain sorghum. Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report, 179.
Anon., 1975. Corn and grain sorghum performance tests in 1974. Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report, 199.
Anon., 1977. Corn and grain sorghum performance tests in 1976. Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report, 238.
Boyd FJ; Pitre HN, 1968. Studies on the field biology of Graminella nigrifrons, a vector of corn stunt virus in Mississippi. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 61:1423-1427.
Boyd FJ; Pitre HN, 1969. Greenhouse studies of host plant suitability to Graminella nigrifrons, a vector of corn stunt virus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 62:126-130.
Bradfute OE; Gingery RE; Gordon DT; Nault LR, 1972. Tissue ultrastructure, sedimentation and leafhopper transmission of a virus associated with a maize dwarfing disease. Journal of Cellular Biology, 55:25a.
Bradfute OE; Louie R; Knoke JK, 1972. Isometric virus-like particles in maize with stunt symptoms. Phytopathology, 62:748.
Bradfute OE; Robertson DC, 1974. Identification of the Mississippi corn stunt agent by electron microscopy. Proceedings of the American Phytopathological Society, 1:35-36.
Bradfute OE; Robertson DC, 1981. Electron microscopy of viruses and virus-infected cells of maize. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Scott GE, eds. Virus and Viruslike Diseases of Maize in the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin, 247:25-32.
Calvert OH; Fairchild ML; Keaster AJ, 1965. Symptoms and distribution of corn stunt disease in Missouri in 1964. Plant Disease Reporter, 49:213-214.
Choudhury MM; Rosenkranz E, 1974. Correlation of symptoms with histological changes in corn plants infected with Ohio corn stunt agent. Proceedings of the American Phytopathological Society, 1:36.
Collins HL; Pitre HN, 1969. Corn stunt vector leafhopper attractancy to and oviposition preference for hybrid dent corn. II. Graminella nigrifrons. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 62:773-775.
Cross HZ, 1980. Registration of ND245 parental line of maize (Reg. No. PL53). Crop Science, 20:420.
Dale JL; York JO, 1979. Virus disease ratings of corn Inbreds tested in Arkansas in 1978. Mimeograph Series. Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Arkansas, No. 265.
Damsteegt VD, 1977. Survey for corn viruses in Maryland, 1975. Plant Disease Reporter, 61(3):179-182
Dollinger EJ; Findley WR; Williams LE, 1970. Inheritance of resistance to maize dwarf mosaic virus in maize (Zea mays L.). Crop Science, 10:412-415.
Douglas WA; Whitcomb WH; Hepner LW; Kirk VM; Davis R, 1966. Some Cicadellidae (Homoptera) collected from corn in the southeastern United States. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 59:393-396.
Durant JA, 1968. Leafhopper populations on ten corn inbred lines at Florence, South Carolina. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 61:1433-1436.
Durant JA; Hepner LW, 1968. Occurrence of leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on corn in South Carolina. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society, 3:77-82.
Eberhart SA, 1983. Developing virus resistant commercial maize hybrids. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Nault LR, Ritter RM, eds. Proceedings International Maize Virus Disease Colloquium Workshop. 2-6 August, 1982. Wooster, USA: The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 258-261.
Findley WR; Dollinger EJ; Knoke JK; Louie R; Ryder GJ; Baxter AJ, 1975. Performance of corn hybrids exposed to corn viruses in Ohio in 1974. Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. Agronomy Department Series, 213.
Findley WR; Dollinger EJ; Knoke JK; Ryder GJ; Baxter AJ, 1974. Performance of corn hybrids exposed to maize dwarf mosaic in Ohio in 1973. Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. Agronomy Department Series, 213.
Findley WR; Josephson LM; Dollinger EJ, 1981. Breeding for disease resistance in corn. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Scott GE, eds. Virus and Viruslike Diseases of Maize in the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin, 247:137-140.
Findley WR; Knoke JK; Dollinger EJ, 1978. Virus tolerance ratings of corn strains grown in Ohio in 1977. In: 1977 Virus Tolerance Ratings for Corn Strains Grown in the Lower Corn Belt. US Department of Agriculture Science Education Administration, 13:6-13.
Findley WR; Knoke JK; Dollinger EJ, 1979. Virus tolerance ratings of corn strains grown in Ohio in 1978. l978 Virus Tolerance Ratings for Corn Strains Grown in the Lower Corn Belt. US Department of Agriculture, AIR-NC-2:6-12.
Findley WR; Knoke JK; Louie R, 1983. Virus tolerance ratings of corn strains grown in Ohio in 1982. In: 1982 Virus Tolerance Ratings for Corn Strains Grown in the Lower Corn Belt. US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, AIR-NC-11:5-19.
Findley WR; Louie R; Knoke JK, 1985. Breeding corn for resistance to corn viruses in Ohio. Proceedings Annual Corn Sorghum Research Conference, 39:52-67.
Findley WR; Louie R; Knoke JK; Dollinger EJ, 1977. Virus tolerance ratings of corn strains grown in Ohio. In: 1976 Virus Tolerance Ratings for Corn Strains Grown in the Lower Corn Belt. US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, NC-53: 9-20.
Findley WR; Louie R; Knoke JK; Dollinger EJ, 1980. Virus tolerance ratings of corn strains grown in Ohio in 1979. In: 1979 Virus Tolerance Ratings for Corn Strains Grown in the Lower Corn Belt. US Department of Agriculture, AIR-NC-5:7-12.
Findley WR; Nault LR; Styer WE; Gordon DT, 1982. Inheritance of maize chlorotic dwarf virus resistance in maize X Zea diploperennis backcrosses. In: Maize Genetics Cooperation Newsletter, 56:165-166.
Fleming AA, 1974. Registration of maize inbred GA 209 germplasm. (Reg. No. GP 50). Crop Science, 14:911-912.
Fleming AA, 1983. Registration of GA 203 parental line of maize (Reg. No. PL63). Crop Science, 23:405.
Freytag PH, 1975. The insect parasitoids of Graminella nigrifrons in Kentucky. (Abstr.) Proceedings North Central Branch Entomological Society America, 30:85.
Ge X, 1990. Characterization of the genome of maize chlorotic dwarf virus and an associated satellite RNA. PhD. Thesis. Columbus, USA: Ohio State University.
Genter CF; Brown LW, Camper HM Jr. , Carter MT, Jones GD, Harrison RL, Link LA, Roane CW, Tolin SA, Wilmouth RR, 1973. Virginia corn performance trials of dent, high-lysine, waxy and popcorn hybrids in 1973. Virginia Polytechnical Institute State University Research Division Report, 154.
Genter CF; Brown LW, Camper HM Jr. , Jones GD, Link LA, Roane CW, Wilmouth RR, 1974. Virginia corn performance trials in 1974. Virginia Polytechnical Institute State University Research Division Report, 162.
Genter CF; Bryant J, Camper HM Jr. , Carter MT, Jones GD, Link LA, Roane CW, Wilkinson WB, Wilmouth RR, 1976. Virginia corn performance trials in 1976. Virginia Polytechnical Institute State University Research Division Report, 171.
Gingery RE, 1988. Maize chlorotic dwarf and related viruses. In: Koenig R, ed. The Plant Viruses, Polyhedral Virions with Monopartite RNA Genomes, 3:259-272. New York, USA: Plenum Press.
Gingery RE; Bradfute OE; Gordon DT; Nault LR, 1978. Maize chlorotic dwarf virus. In: Descriptions of Plant Viruses. Wellesbourne, UK: Association Applied Biologists, No. 194, 4 pp.
Gingery RE; Gordon DT, 1981. Assays for viruses and mycoplasmas infecting maize. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Scott GE, eds. Virus and Viruslike Diseases of Maize in the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin, 247:19-24.
Gordon DT; Bradfute OE; Gingery RE; Knoke JK; Louie R; Nault LR; Scott GE, 1981. Introduction: History, geographical distribution, pathogen characteristics, and economic importance. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Scott GE, eds. Virus and Viruslike Disease of Maize in the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin, 247:1-12.
Gordon DT; Findley WR; Knoke JK; Louie R; Nault LR; Bradfute OE; Dollinger EJ; Gingery RE, 1974. Maize dwarf mosaic and maize chlorotic dwarf diseases in the United States. In: Proceedings Corn Disease Conference 11-12 February, 1974. Lafayette, Indiana, USA: Purdue University, 52-86.
Grogan CO; Rosenkranz EE, 1968. Genetics of host reaction to corn stunt virus. Crop Science, 8:251-254.
Gudauskas RT; Estes PM, Karr GW Jr. , Stevens C, 1976. Incidence of viral diseases in corn treated with carbofuran. Proceedings of the American Phytopathological Society, 3:337.
Hartman JR; Gregory WW; Stuckey RE, 1979. Effect of systemic insecticides on virus symptoms and yield of selected corn hybrids. In: Proceedings 9th International Congress of Plant Protection, 5-11 August, 1979. Washington, DC, No. 851.
Hilty JW; Josephson LM, 1966. The new corn virus disease in Tennessee. Tennessee Farm and Home Science Progress Report, 57:4-6.
Johnson GR, 1971. Analysis of genetic resistance to maize dwarf mosaic disease. Crop Science, 11:23-24.
Josephson LM; Graves CR; Kincer HC, 1976. Response of corn hybrids to the virus disease complex. Tennessee Farm and Home Science, 97, 16-17.
Josephson LM; Graves CR; Kincer HC, 1978. Performance of corn hybrids grown under virus disease conditions. Tennessee Farm and Home Science, 105, 4-6.
Josephson LM; Hilty JW, 1970. Response of corn hybrids to maize dwarf mosaic virus. Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin, 469.
Josephson LM; Hilty JW; Arnold JM; Kincer HC; Overton JR, 1969. Grain yield of corn reduced by maize dwarf mosaic virus infection. Plant Disease Reporter, 53:61-63.
Josephson LM; Scott GE, 1981. Sources of disease resistance in corn. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Scott GE, eds. Virus and Viruslike Diseases of Maize in the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin, 247:132-136.
Keaster AJ; Fairchild ML, 1968. Reduction of corn virus disease incidence and control of southwestern corn borer with systemic insecticides. Journal Economic Entomology, 61:367-369.
Keaster AJ; Zuber MS; Fairchild ML, Loesch PJ Jr. , 1969. Effect of planting dates on incidence and severity of corn virus diseases. Agronomy Journal, 61:363-364.
Knoke JK; Anderson RJ; Findley WR; Louie R; Abt JJ; Gordon DT, 1981. The reaction of sweet corn hybrids to maize dwarf mosaic virus strains and maize chlorotic dwarf virus. Research Bulletin, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1135.
Knoke JK; Anderson RJ; Louie R; Madden LV; Findley WR, 1983. Insect vectors of maize dwarf mosaic virus and maize chlorotic dwarf virus. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Nault LR, Ritter RM, eds. Proceedings International Maize Virus Disease Colloquium Workshop, 2-6 August 1976. Wooster, USA: The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 130-138.
Knoke JK; Louie R, 1981. Epiphytology of maize virus diseases. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Scott GE, eds. Virus and Viruslike Diseases of Maize in the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin, 247:92-102.
Kramer JP, 1967. A taxonomic study of Graminella nigrifrons, a vector of corn stunt disease, and its congeners in the United States (Homoptera:Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 60:604-616.
Kuhn CW; Jellum MD, 1970. Evaluations for resistance to corn stunt and maize dwarf mosaic disease in corn. Georgia Experiment Stations Research Bulletin, 82:1-37.
Loesch PJ Jr., Zuber MS, 1967. An inheritance study of resistance to maize dwarf mosaic virus in corn (Zea mays L.). Agronomy Journal, 59:423-426.
Louie R; Jones MW; Anderson RJ, 1997. Symptomatology of maize chlorotic dwarf (MCD) and identification of loci for MCD tolerance in Caribbean maize. In: 39th Annual Maize Genetics Conference, March 13-16, 1997.
Louie R; Knoke JK, 1981. Symptoms and disease diagnosis. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Scott GE, eds. Virus and Viruslike Diseases of Maize in the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin, 247:13-18.
Matthews REF, 1991. Plant Virology. London, UK: Academic Press, Inc., Ed. 3, 813 pp.
McMullen MD; Roth BA; Townsend R, 1996. Maize chlorotic dwarf virus and resistance thereto. International Patent Publication, Number 5569828.
Milbrath GM; Tosic M, 1974. Occurrence of maize chlorotic dwarf in Illinois. Plant Disease Reporter, 58:420.
Mzira CN, 1993. Maize chlorotic dwarf virus strain M1, A distinct member of the Machlovirus group. PhD. Thesis. Columbus, USA: Ohio State University.
Nault LR; Findley WR, 1981. Zea diploperennis primitive relative offers new traits for corn improvement. Ohio Report on Research and Development in Agriculture, Home Economics, and Natural Resources, 66:90-92.
Pirone TP; Bradfute OE; Freytag PH; Lung MCY; Poneleit CG, 1972. Virus-like particles associated with a leafhopper-transmitted disease of corn in Kentucky. Plant Disease Reporter, 56:652-656.
Pitre HN, 1966. Corn virus diseases of recent occurrence in southeastern United States with emphasis on the corn stunt virus-vector-plant interrelationships in Mississippi. Proceedings of the North Central Branch of the Entomological Society of America, 21:43-47.
Pitre HN, 1968. A preliminary study of corn stunt vector populations in relation to corn planting dates in Mississippi. Notes on disease incidence and severity. Journal of Economic Entomology, 61:847-849.
Pitre HN, 1968. Effect of insecticidal sprays on stunt and mosaic virus diseases of corn in small field plots in Mississippi. Journal of Economic Entomology, 61:585-587.
Pitre HN, 1968. Systemic insecticides for control of the black-faced leafhopper, Graminella nigrifrons, and effect on corn stunt disease. Journal of Economic Entomology, 61:765-768.
Pitre HN; Boyd FJ, 1970. A study of the role of weeds in corn fields in the epidemiology of corn stunt disease. Journal of Economic Entomology, 63:195-197.
Pitre HNJr., Hepner LW, 1967. Seasonal incidence of indigenous leafhoppers (Homoptera:Cicadellidae) on corn and several winter crops in Mississippi. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 60:1044-1055.
Poneleit CG; Evans KO, 1970. Kentucky hybrid corn performance test-1969. Progress Report, Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky, No. 185.
Poneleit CG; Evans KO, 1974. Kentucky hybrid corn performance test-1974. Progress Report, Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky, No. 215.
Rosenkranz E, 1969. A new leafhopper-transmissible corn stunt disease agent in Ohio. Phytopathology, 59:1344-1346.
Rosenkranz E; Scott GE, 1986. Mode of inheritance of resistance in corn to maize chlorotic dwarf virus (MCDV). Phytopathology, 76:1095-1096.
Rosenkranz EE, 1972. Present status of MDM, corn stunt, and other virus and viruslike diseases of corn and sorghum. In: 27th Annual Corn and Sorghum Research Conference Proceedings, Washington, DC, 65-79.
Rufener GK II; Balducchi AJ; Mowers RP; Pratt RC; Louie R; McMullen M; Knoke J, 1996. Maize chlorotic dwarf virus resistant maize and the production thereof. International Patent Number 5563316.
Russell WA; Hallauer AR, 1974. Registration of B76 and B77 parental lines of maize. Crop Science, 14:778.
Scott GE, 1983. Breeding for and genetics of virus resistance in field corn. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Nault LR , Ritter RM, eds. Proceedings International Maize Virus Disease Colloquium Workshop. 2-6 August, 1982. Wooster, USA: Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 248-254.
Scott GE; Davis FM, 1981. Registration of Mp496 inbred of maize (Reg. No. PL 56). Crop Science, 21:353.
Scott GE; Findley WR; Dollinger EJ, 1981. Genetics of resistance in corn. In: Gordon DT, Knoke JK, Scott GE, eds. Virus and Viruslike Diseases of Maize in the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin, 247:141-144.
Stoner WN, 1964. Corn stunt disease in the United States through 1963. Plant Disease Reporter, 48:640-644.
Stoner WN; Gustin RD, 1967. Biology of Graminella nigrifrons (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), a vector of corn (maize) stunt virus. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 60:496-505.
Wallin JR; Zuber MS; Darrah LL; Loonan DV, 1980. Virus tolerance ratings of corn strains grown in Missouri. In: 1979 Virus Tolerance Ratings for Corn Strains Grown in the Lower Corn Belt. US Department of Agriculture, ARR-NC-5.
Wallin JR; Zuber MS; Keaster AJ; Sheeley RD; Loonan DV, 1978. Virus tolerance ratings of corn strains grown in Missouri. In: 1977 Virus Tolerance Ratings for Corn Strains Grown in the Lower Corn Belt. US Department of Agriculture Science Education Administration.
Wallin JR; Zuber MS; Loonan DV, 1979. Virus tolerance ratings of corn strains grown in Missouri. In: 1978 Virus Tolerance Ratings for Corn Strains Grown in the Lower Corn Belt. US Department of Agriculture, ARR-NC-2.
Warren HL, 1982. Registration of H110 and H111 maize germplasm (Reg. Nos. GP 121 and GP 122). Crop Science, 22(6):1270-1271.
West DR; Kincer DR; Josephson LM; Kincer HC, 1988. Registration of T165 and T167 parental lines of maize. Crop Science, 28:386.
West DR; Kincer; DR; Kincer; HC; Josephson; LM, 1986. Registration of T163 germplasm line of maize. Crop Science, 26:208.
Zuber MS, 1967. Date of planting studies with corn in the Missouri delta area. Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin, B862.
Distribution References
Bradfute OE, Gingery RE, Gordon DT, Nault LR, 1972. Tissue ultrastructure, sedimentation and leafhopper transmission of a virus associated with a maize dwarfing disease. In: Journal of Cellular Biology, 55 25a.
Bradfute OE, Robertson DC, 1974. Identification of the Mississippi corn stunt agent by electron microscopy. [Proceedings of the American Phytopathological Society], 1 35-36.
CABI, Undated. Compendium record. Wallingford, UK: CABI
CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status inferred from regional distribution. Wallingford, UK: CABI
CABI, Undated b. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. Wallingford, UK: CABI
Milbrath GM, Tosic M, 1974. Occurrence of maize chlorotic dwarf in Illinois. In: Plant Disease Reporter, 58 420.
Rosenkranz EE, 1972. Present status of MDM, corn stunt, and other virus and viruslike diseases of corn and sorghum. [27th Annual Corn and Sorghum Research Conference Proceedings], Washington, DC, 65-79.
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