Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)

Datasheet

Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)

Index

Summary

Last modified
16 November 2021

Datasheet Type(s)
Pest
Host Plant

Preferred Scientific Name
Solanum lycopersicum

Preferred Common Name
tomato

Taxonomic Tree
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Spermatophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Dicotyledonae

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Pictures

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Picture

Title

Caption

Habit

Solanum lycopersicum (tomato); habit. Large patch at Waikapu, Maui, Hawaii, USA. July, 2009.

©Forest & Kim Starr-2009 - CC BY 3.0

Habit

Solanum lycopersicum (tomato); habit, amongst other vegetation. Moaulanui, Kahoolawe, Hawaii, USA. December, 2004.

©Forest & Kim Starr-2004 - CC BY 3.0

Flowers and leaves

Solanum lycopersicum (tomato); flowers and leaves. Mokolea Pt, Kilauea Pt NWR, Kauai, Hawaii, USA. March, 2013.

©Forest & Kim Starr-2013 - CC BY 3.0

Fruits

Solanum lycopersicum (tomato); ripe and unripe fruits. Industrial area, Mokulele Hwy, Maui, Hawaii, USA. August, 2009.

©Forest & Kim Starr-2009 - CC BY 3.0

Ripe fruits

Solanum lycopersicum (tomato); ripe fruits. Waihee Coastal Preserve, Maui, Hawaii, USA. May, 2012.

©Forest & Kim Starr-2012 - CC BY 3.0

Seedlings

Solanum lycopersicum (tomato); seedlings. Sliding Sands Trail, Haleakala National Park, Maui, Hawaii, USA. September, 2015.

©Forest & Kim Starr-2015 - CC BY 3.0

Identity

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Preferred Scientific Name

Solanum lycopersicum L.

Preferred Common Name

tomato

Variety

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (Dunal) D.M. Spooner, G.J. Anderson & R.K. Jansen
Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum

Other Scientific Names

Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., nom. cons.
Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme
Lycopersicon esculentum var. esculentum

International Common Names

Spanish: jitomate; tomate; tomatera
French: tomate
Russian: tomat
Arabic: tamaatim
Chinese: fan qie
Portuguese: tomateiro

Local Common Names

Austria: paradeiser
Germany: Tomate, Wilde Kirsch-
Greece: tomata
Hungary: paradicsom
India: takkali; tamaatar; tameta
Italy: pomodoro
Netherlands: tomaat
Poland: pomidor zwyczajny
Turkey: domates

EPPO code

LYPEC (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme)
LYPES (Lycopersicon esculentum)

Taxonomic Tree

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Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Spermatophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Dicotyledonae
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Genus: Solanum
Species: Solanum lycopersicum

Distribution Table

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The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.

Last updated: 29 Apr 2022

Continent/Country/Region	Distribution	Origin	First Reported	Reference	Notes
Africa
Algeria	Present			Bessadat et al. (2016) Razi et al. (2017) Djebara et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 800,000 MT (F)
Angola	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 14,000 MT (F)
Benin	Present			Sikirou et al. (2009) Sikirou et al. (2017) Karlsson et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 163,200 MT
Botswana	Present			Mutamiswa et al. (2017) Labuschagne et al. (2003)
Burkina Faso	Present			Sattar et al. (2015) Son et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 11,000 MT (F)
Cabo Verde	Present			Flis et al. (2018) Flis et al. (2018a)	Tomatoes production (2008) 5,000 MT (F)
Cameroon	Present			Fontem et al. (2004)	Tomatoes production (2008) 420,000 MT (F)
Comoros	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 550 MT (F)
Congo, Republic of the	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 3,200 MT (F)
Côte d'Ivoire	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 28,788 MT
Djibouti	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,200 MT (F)
Egypt	Present			Abdalla (2000) Anfoka et al. (2008) Ibrahim et al. (2010) Korayem et al. (2015) Beshr et al. (2016) Ismail et al. (2016) Abdel-Salam et al. (2019) Amer and Mahmoud (2020) Amer et al. (2020)	Tomatoes production (2008) 4,204,039 MT
Eritrea	Present			Medhanie et al. (2017)
Eswatini	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 3,400 MT (F)
Ethiopia	Present			Lemessa and Zeller (2006)	Tomatoes production (2008) 41,815 MT (*)
Gabon	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 300 MT (F)
Ghana	Present			Amponsah and Nutsugah (2010) Sowley et al. (2011) Osei et al. (2012) Badii et al. (2015)	Tomatoes production (2008) 180,000 MT (F)
Kenya	Present			Wangai et al. (2001) Mware et al. (2010) Birithia et al. (2012) Macharia et al. (2015) Chikh-Ali et al. (2016) Macharia et al. (2016)	Tomatoes production (2008) 559,680 MT (F)
Liberia	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,500 MT (F)
Madagascar	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 22,000 MT (F)
Malawi	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 40,000 MT (F)
Mali	Present			Thera et al. (2010) Tsai et al. (2010) Batuman and Gilbertson (2013)	Tomatoes production (2008) 175,000 MT (F)
Mauritius	Present			Khoodoo and Jaufeerally-Fakim (2004) Lett et al. (2009) Lobin et al. (2010) Yahiaoui et al. (2016)	Tomatoes production (2008) 11,518 MT
-Rodrigues	Present			Yahiaoui et al. (2016)
Mayotte	Present			Massé et al. (2008)
Morocco	Present			Monci et al. (2000) Sedegui et al. (2000) Souiri et al. (2017) Janati et al. (2018) Afechtal (2020)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,312,310 MT
Mozambique	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 8,500 MT (F)
Namibia	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 900 MT (F)
Niger	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 89,823 MT
Nigeria	Present			Adebayo and Ekpo (2005) Kayode et al. (2014) Mohammed et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,701,000 MT
Réunion	Present			Delatte et al. (2003) Delatte et al. (2005) Delatte et al. (2006) Péréfarres et al. (2011)	Tomatoes production (2008) 12,640 MT (*)
Senegal	Present			Pfeiffer et al. (2013)	Tomatoes production (2008) 180,000 MT (F)
Seychelles	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 190 MT (F)
Sierra Leone	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 18,000 MT (F)
Somalia	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 16,000 MT (F)
South Africa	Present			McLeod et al. (2001) Labuschagne et al. (2003) Carmichael et al. (2011) Jacobs and Heerden (2012) Jacobs et al. (2013) Kisten et al. (2016) Kisten et al. (2016a) Moodley et al. (2016) Moodley et al. (2016a) Visser et al. (2017) Katumanyane et al. (2020)	Tomatoes production (2008) 420,701 MT
Sudan	Present			Fiallo-Olivé et al. (2011) Mohamed et al. (2012) Mohamed et al. (2015)	Tomatoes production (2008) 432,000 MT
Tanzania	Present			Jorge Junior et al. (2016) Kashina et al. (2002) Kashina et al. (2003) Shenge et al. (2007) Mwatawala et al. (2009) Tajebe et al. (2015) Testen et al. (2015) Testen et al. (2015a) Chidege et al. (2016)
Togo	Present			Kunwar et al. (2021)	Tomatoes production (2008) 6,300 MT (F)
Tunisia	Present			Ben Moussa et al. (2000) Raboudi et al. (2002) Faten Gorsane et al. (2004) Daami-Remadi et al. (2006) Pellegrin et al. (2008) Jabnoun-Khiareddine et al. (2013) Tamarzizt et al. (2013) Mnari-Hattab et al. (2014) Mnari-Hattab et al. (2014a) Zammouri et al. (2017) Mensi et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,170,000 MT
Uganda	Present			Tumuhaise et al. (2016)	Tomatoes production (2008) 14,000 MT (F)
Zambia	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 25,000 MT (F)
Zimbabwe	Present			Karavina and Gubba (2017) Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 11,500 MT (F)
Asia
Armenia	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 293,784 MT
Azerbaijan	Present			Verdin et al. (2018) Muradov et al. (2019)	Tomatoes production (2008) 438,419 MT
Bahrain	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 4,554 MT (F)
Bangladesh	Present			Maruthi et al. (2005) Santosh Mazumdar and Bhuiya (2014)	Tomatoes production (2008) 143,058 MT (F)
Bhutan	Present			Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 951 MT (F)
Brunei	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 98 MT (F)
Cambodia	Present			Klass et al. (2020) Basavaraj Bagewadi and Naidu (2016)
China	Present			Wu et al. (2006) Li et al. (2008) Liu et al. (2008) Mugiira et al. (2008) Zeng HuiCai et al. (2009) Rao et al. (2011) Shen RuiQing et al. (2012) Huang et al. (2013) Ji et al. (2013) Xu Xia et al. (2013) Zhao et al. (2013) Diao et al. (2014) Xu et al. (2014) Zhao et al. (2014) Li et al. (2015) Sun et al. (2016) Sun et al. (2016a) Yin et al. (2016) Yin et al. (2016a) Zhou et al. (2016) Ren et al. (2017) Zhang et al. (2017) Zhang et al. (2017a) Zhang et al. (2017b) Chai et al. (2018) Che et al. (2018) Li et al. (2018) Wang et al. (2018) Zhu et al. (2018) Nawaz et al. (2019) Ruan et al. (2019) Yan YaLi et al. (2019) Zhang et al. (2019) Liao YongHui et al. (2020) Zhou WenPeng et al. (2020)	Tomatoes production (2008) 3,381,1702 MT (F)
-Beijing	Present			Zhou et al. (2016) Zhao et al. (2013)
-Fujian	Present			Ruan et al. (2019) Diao et al. (2014)
-Hainan	Present			Nawaz et al. (2019) Che et al. (2018) Li et al. (2018)
-Henan	Present			Li et al. (2018) Li et al. (2008) Zhang et al. (2019)
-Hubei	Present			Li et al. (2015)
-Inner Mongolia	Present			Li et al. (2018) Zhang et al. (2017)
-Jiangsu	Present			Zhu et al. (2018) Ji et al. (2013)
-Jiangxi	Present			Liao YongHui et al. (2020)
-Liaoning	Present			Li et al. (2018) Huang et al. (2013) Xu et al. (2014)
-Ningxia	Present			Shen RuiQing et al. (2012)
-Shandong	Present			Wang et al. (2018) Sun et al. (2016) Zhang et al. (2017a)
-Shanghai	Present			Wu et al. (2006)
-Sichuan	Present			Zhao et al. (2014)
-Tibet	Present			Li et al. (2018)
-Xinjiang	Present			Chai et al. (2018)
-Yunnan	Present			Li et al. (2018) Xu Xia et al. (2013) Yin et al. (2016) Yin et al. (2016a) Zhou WenPeng et al. (2020)
-Zhejiang	Present			Sun et al. (2016a) Mugiira et al. (2008)
India	Present			Banks et al. (2001) Reddy and Sreedharan (2006) Sudhakar et al. (2006) Basu and Patro (2007) Sivalingam and Anupam Varma (2007) Suresh et al. (2010) Sagar et al. (2012) Sakthivel et al. (2012) Srivastava et al. (2012) Sumangala et al. (2012) Munde et al. (2013) Shakti Khajuria et al. (2013) Bikram Saha et al. (2014) Kondaiah and Sreeramulu (2014) Kumari et al. (2014) Manikandan and Raguchander (2014) Omkar Gavkare and Sharma (2014) Patel Harikrushana et al. (2014) Rathore et al. (2014) Sridhar et al. (2014) Swarnalatha and Reddy (2014) Vijay Singh and Usha Chauhan (2014) Akhila and Jiji (2015) Guru et al. (2015) Kaomud Tyagi and Vikas Kumar (2015) Khan et al. (2015) Patel et al. (2016) Snehi et al. (2016) Sohrab (2016) Haldar (2017) Jarullah et al. (2017) Sunil Joshi (2017) Swathi et al. (2017) Poonam Chaudhary et al. (2018) Poonam Chaudhary et al. (2018a) Hadapad and Hire (2019) Karnawar et al. (2019) Rabeena et al. (2019) Monika Karn et al. (2020) Shilpa Natarajamurthy et al. (2021)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,026,0600 MT
-Andhra Pradesh	Present			Kondaiah and Sreeramulu (2014) Reddy and Sreedharan (2006) Sagar et al. (2012)
-Assam	Present			Bikram Saha et al. (2014)
-Delhi	Present			Sivalingam and Anupam Varma (2007)
-Gujarat	Present			Patel et al. (2016) Shakti Khajuria et al. (2013) Rathore et al. (2014)
-Haryana	Present			Sivalingam and Anupam Varma (2007) Hadapad and Hire (2019)
-Himachal Pradesh	Present			Vijay Singh and Usha Chauhan (2014) Hadapad and Hire (2019)
-Karnataka	Present			Rabeena et al. (2019) Banks et al. (2001) Sumangala et al. (2012) Sridhar et al. (2014) Swarnalatha and Reddy (2014) Kaomud Tyagi and Vikas Kumar (2015) Sunil Joshi (2017) Hadapad and Hire (2019) Shilpa Natarajamurthy et al. (2021)
-Kerala	Present			Akhila and Jiji (2015)
-Madhya Pradesh	Present			Swathi et al. (2017) Snehi et al. (2016)
-Maharashtra	Present			Omkar Gavkare and Sharma (2014) Hadapad and Hire (2019) Karnawar et al. (2019)
-Odisha	Present			Basu and Patro (2007)
-Punjab	Present			Shamesa Maryam et al. (2019) Malik et al. (2006) Sivalingam and Anupam Varma (2007) Kamran et al. (2010) Hyder et al. (2018) Poonam Chaudhary et al. (2018a)
-Rajasthan	Present			Sivalingam and Anupam Varma (2007)
-Tamil Nadu	Present			Rabeena et al. (2019) Sudhakar et al. (2006) Suresh et al. (2010) Sakthivel et al. (2012) Manikandan and Raguchander (2014) Hadapad and Hire (2019)
-Telangana	Present			Kumari et al. (2014) Hadapad and Hire (2019)
-Uttar Pradesh	Present			Sohrab (2016) Srivastava et al. (2012) Khan et al. (2015)
-West Bengal	Present			Haldar (2017) Bikram Saha et al. (2014)
Indonesia	Present			Verhoeven et al. (2003) Anwar et al. (2004) Damayanti and Naidu (2009) Sartiami and Mound (2013) Neriya et al. (2020)	Tomatoes production (2008) 689,420 MT
-Java	Present			Sartiami and Mound (2013) Anwar et al. (2004)
Iran	Present			Shabani et al. (2018) Winter et al. (2006) Massumi et al. (2007) Mirzaei et al. (2008) Massumi et al. (2009) Izadiyan and Taghavi (2011) Mahdizadeh et al. (2011) Malekzadeh et al. (2011) Safaeizadeh and Saidi (2011) Baniameri and Cheraghian (2012) Hajiabadi et al. (2012) Hosseinzadeh et al. (2012) Koolivand et al. (2012) Mahdizadeh et al. (2012) Yazdani-Khameneh et al. (2013) Hosseinzadeh and Garivani (2014) Jamshidi et al. (2014) Abkhoo (2015) Anabestani et al. (2015) Bagherabadi et al. (2015) Chehri (2015) Golhasan et al. (2016) Mohammadi et al. (2016) Salehi and Hosseini (2016) Zibadoost et al. (2016) Adeldoost et al. (2017) Pirayesh et al. (2018) Sadeghi and Mirzaei (2018)
Iraq	Present			Ali et al. (2012)	Tomatoes production (2008) 830,000 MT (F)
Israel	Present			Gera et al. (2000) Cohen (2002) Segev et al. (2004) Anfoka et al. (2008) Turina et al. (2016)	Tomatoes production (2008) 420,524 MT
Japan	Present			Kajita (2000) Abe and Kawahara (2001) Jallow et al. (2001) Takada (2002) Satou et al. (2005) Shimizu et al. (2007) Ogawa et al. (2008) Ueda et al. (2009) Shahid et al. (2014) Tomitaka et al. (2014)	Tomatoes production (2008) 750,300 MT (F)
-Ryukyu Islands	Present			Shimizu et al. (2007)
Jordan	Present			Anfoka et al. (2005) Karajeh et al. (2005) Anfoka et al. (2008) Ahmad et al. (2013) Anfoka et al. (2014) Salem et al. (2015)	Tomatoes production (2008) 600,336 MT
Kazakhstan	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 549,310 MT
Kuwait	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 55,500 MT (F)
Kyrgyzstan	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 185,000 MT (*)
Laos	Present			Ireland et al. (2016)
Lebanon	Present			Abou-Jawdah et al. (2006) Abou-Jawdah et al. (2006a) Anfoka et al. (2008)	Tomatoes production (2008) 305,300 MT (F)
Malaysia	Present			Golkhandan et al. (2013) Rashid et al. (2015) Rashid et al. (2016) Rashid et al. (2016a)	Tomatoes production (2008) 75,850 MT
Maldives	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 5 MT
Nepal	Present			Bajracharya et al. (2018) Lamichhane et al. (2010) Shrestha et al. (2014) Keshari and Ranjana Gupta (2016) Lamsal et al. (2018)
North Korea	Present	Introduced	2009	Seebens et al. (2017)	As: Lycopersicon esculentum
Oman	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 41,426 MT (F)
Pakistan	Present			Ali et al. (2002) Malik et al. (2006) Shahid et al. (2007) Jiskani et al. (2009) Abbas et al. (2010) Kamran et al. (2010) Khuhro et al. (2011) Anjum and Akram (2014) Hamid et al. (2014) Uzma Bashir et al. (2014) Zia et al. (2014) Jabbar Khan et al. (2015) Zia-ur-Rehman et al. (2015) Iftikhar et al. (2016) Iftikhar et al. (2016a) Ahmad and Ashfaq (2017) Alam et al. (2017) Anwar et al. (2017) Anjum et al. (2018) Hyder et al. (2018) Hussain et al. (2019) Hyder et al. (2019) Samina and Erum (2019) Shamesa Maryam et al. (2019) Sial and Farah Khan (2019) Raza et al. (2020)	Tomatoes production (2008) 536,217 MT
Philippines	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 195,810 MT
Qatar	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 11,868 MT (F)
Saudi Arabia	Present			Molan and Ibrahim (2007) Al-Saleh et al. (2014)	Tomatoes production (2008) 477,572 MT (F)
Singapore	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 32 MT (F)
South Korea	Present			Jeong Yeonhwa et al. (2003) Jeong YeonHwa et al. (2007) Myung et al. (2008) Park et al. (2010) Choi et al. (2013) Cho SungEun et al. (2016) Suh SangJae and Kwon YongJung (2016) Oh et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 408,170 MT
Sri Lanka	Present			Galanihe et al. (2010)	Tomatoes production (2008) 84,700 MT
Syria	Present			Ftayeh et al. (2008) Fakhro et al. (2010) Ftayeh et al. (2010) Al-Ghazzawi et al. (2012) Ismaeil et al. (2012) Ismaeil et al. (2012a) Khalil et al. (2019)	Tomatoes production (2008) 732,500 MT (F)
Taiwan	Present	Introduced	1896	Seebens et al. (2017) Tsai et al. (2004) Sheu and Wang (2006) Jan et al. (2007) Deahl et al. (2008) Cheng et al. (2009)	As: Lycopersicon esculentum
Tajikistan	Present			Saidov et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 267,000 MT (*)
Thailand	Present			Götz and Winter (2016) Seepiban et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 270,000 MT (F)
Turkey	Present			Aysan and Yİldİz (2000) Șahİn (2001) Bostan et al. (2002) Șahİn et al. (2002) Basİm et al. (2004) Basİm et al. (2004a) Can et al. (2004) Aysan et al. (2005) Ozdemİr (2005) Sahİn et al. (2005) Saygİlİ et al. (2005) Aysan et al. (2007) Sertkaya et al. (2007) Tosun et al. (2007) Çevİk and Erkıș (2008) Ustun et al. (2008) Yolageldİ et al. (2008) Erol and Tunalı (2009) Aydınlı et al. (2013) Kaydan et al. (2013) Pehlevan and Kovancİ (2013) Bayram et al. (2015) Kök et al. (2016) Topakci and Kahvecî (2017) Aydınlı (2018) Fidan et al. (2019)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,098,5400 MT
Turkmenistan	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 310,000 MT (*)
United Arab Emirates	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 215,000 MT (F)
Uzbekistan	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,930,000 MT (*)
Vietnam	Present			Götz and Winter (2016) Bae Miah et al. (2019) Choi Hoseong et al. (2019)
Yemen	Present			Negm and Alsharhi (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 239,897 MT
-Socotra	Present	Introduced	2003	Seebens et al. (2017)
Europe
Albania	Present			Çota and Merkuri (2004) Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 164,000 MT
Austria	Present			Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 42,109 MT
Belarus	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 274,139 MT
Belgium	Present			Lievens et al. (2004) Verhoeven et al. (2007) Vaerenbergh et al. (2016) Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 200,000 MT (F)
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Present			Ðurić et al. (2014) Ðurić et al. (2012)
Bulgaria	Present			Kostova et al. (2003) Harizanova et al. (2009) Pasev et al. (2012)	Tomatoes production (2008) 134,131 MT
Croatia	Present			Pribetić et al. (2007) Ivic et al. (2009) Novak et al. (2011) Novak et al. (2011a) Novak et al. (2012) Pintar et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 27,900 MT (*)
Cyprus	Present			Ioannou et al. (2000) Papayiannis et al. (2006) Papayiannis et al. (2009)	Tomatoes production (2008) 33,178 MT
Czechia	Present			Mazáková et al. (2006) Kůdela et al. (2010) Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 27,899 MT
Denmark	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 20,000 MT (F)
Estonia	Present			Malumphy and Ostrauskas (2013) Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 7,500 MT (F)
Finland	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 40,467 MT
France	Present			Steyer et al. (2010) Quénéhervé et al. (2011) Candresse et al. (2013)	Tomatoes production (2008) 714,635 MT
-Corsica	Present	Introduced	1834	Seebens et al. (2017)	As: Lycopersicon esculentum
Germany	Present			Gaafar et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 65,096 MT
Greece	Present			Ligoxigakis (2000) Avgelis et al. (2001) Dovas et al. (2002) Papayiannis et al. (2007) Papayiannis et al. (2007a) Efthimiou et al. (2011)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,338,600 MT
-Crete	Present			Papayiannis et al. (2007a) Ligoxigakis (2000) Avgelis et al. (2001) Dovas et al. (2002)
Hungary	Present			Salamon and Burgyán (2004) Bese et al. (2011)	Tomatoes production (2008) 206,000 MT
Iceland	Present			Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,603 MT
Ireland	Present			Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 12,000 MT (F)
Italy	Present			Sialer and Gallitelli (2000) Accotto et al. (2001) Roggero et al. (2001) Sialer et al. (2001) Accotto et al. (2003) Simón et al. (2003) Camele et al. (2005) Camele et al. (2005a) Ciuffo et al. (2005) Parrella and Crescenzi (2005) Garibaldi et al. (2007) Nannini et al. (2007) Serio (2007) Barone et al. (2008) Parrella et al. (2008) Fiori et al. (2009) Nannini et al. (2009) Bella and Catara (2010) Davino et al. (2010) Nannini et al. (2011) Nannini et al. (2011a) Nannini et al. (2011b) Parrella et al. (2011) Spanò et al. (2011) Parrella and Numitone (2014) Iacono et al. (2015) Bariselli et al. (2016) Parrella et al. (2016) Parrella et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 5,976,912 MT
-Sardinia	Present			Nannini et al. (2011a) Accotto et al. (2001) Roggero et al. (2001) Nannini et al. (2007) Fiori et al. (2009) Nannini et al. (2009) Nannini et al. (2011)
-Sicily	Present			Bella and Catara (2010) Accotto et al. (2001) Simón et al. (2003)
Latvia	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 41 MT
Lithuania	Present			Ostrauskas (2003) Ostrauskas et al. (2005) Ostrauskas and Ivinskis (2010) Šneideris et al. (2013) Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,300 MT
Luxembourg	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 85 MT
Malta	Present			Porta-Puglia and Mifsud (2005)	Tomatoes production (2008) 16,600 MT (F)
Moldova	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 83,802 MT
Montenegro	Present			Ðurić et al. (2014) Pajovic et al. (2007) Hrnčić and Radonjić (2012)
Netherlands	Present			Vlugt et al. (2000) Botermans et al. (2009)	Tomatoes production (2008) 720,000 MT
North Macedonia	Present			Karov et al. (2011)
Norway	Present			Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 14,126 MT
Poland	Present			Pospieszny et al. (2007) Hasiów-Jaroszewska et al. (2009) Zarzyńska-Nowak et al. (2016) Seebens et al. (2017) Piwowarczyk et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 702,546 MT
Portugal	Present			Louro et al. (2000) Queirós et al. (2000) Cruz et al. (2010) Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,100,000 MT (F)
-Azores	Present	Introduced	1838	Seebens et al. (2017)	As: Lycopersicon esculentum
Romania	Present			Baețan et al. (2013) Marcu and Grozea (2017) Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 814,376 MT
Russia	Present			Elansky et al. (2001) Pekhtereva et al. (2009) Punina et al. (2009) Ignatov et al. (2016) Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,800,000 MT (*)
Serbia	Present			Milijasevic et al. (2009) Jović et al. (2012) Stevanović et al. (2012) Popović et al. (2015) Vajgand (2017) Marić et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 176,501 MT
Slovakia	Present			Predajňa et al. (2017) Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 56,585 MT
Slovenia	Present			Mavrič and Ravnikar (2001) Mavrič et al. (2006)	Tomatoes production (2008) 4,704 MT
Spain	Present			Font et al. (2000) Monci et al. (2000) Navas-Castillo et al. (2000) Sánchez-Campos et al. (2000) Aramburu (2001) Jordá et al. (2001) Jordá et al. (2001a) Font et al. (2002) Aramburu and Martí (2003) Morilla et al. (2003) Aramburu and Galipienso (2005) Alfaro-Fernández et al. (2007) Segura et al. (2007) Alfaro-Fernández et al. (2008) Cara et al. (2008) Moralejo et al. (2009) Alfaro-Fernández et al. (2010) Soler et al. (2010) Cañizares and García-Pedrajas (2015) Ruiz et al. (2015) Verbeek et al. (2015) Alfaro-Fernández et al. (2021)	Tomatoes production (2008) 3,847,800 MT
-Balearic Islands	Present			Moralejo et al. (2009) Font et al. (2002)
-Canary Islands	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017) Font et al. (2000) Monci et al. (2000) Jordá et al. (2001) Jordá et al. (2001a) Alfaro-Fernández et al. (2007) Alfaro-Fernández et al. (2008) Verbeek et al. (2015)	As: Lycopersicon esculentum. First reported: 1940's
Sweden	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 16,200 MT
Switzerland	Present			Kiewnick et al. (2008)	Tomatoes production (2008) 30,630 MT (F)
Ukraine	Present			Shevchenko et al. (2015)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,492,100 MT
United Kingdom	Present			Mumford et al. (2004) Weller and O'Neill (2006) Nixon et al. (2010) Seebens et al. (2017) Skelton et al. (2019)	Tomatoes production (2008) 88,690 MT
-England	Present			Nixon et al. (2010) Mumford et al. (2004) Skelton et al. (2019)
North America
Antigua and Barbuda	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 395 MT (F)
Bahamas	Present			Sinisterra et al. (2000)	Tomatoes production (2008) 4,400 MT (F)
Barbados	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,150 MT (F)
Belize	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 649 MT
Bermuda	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 115 MT (F)
Canada	Present			Harrington and Dobinson (2000) French et al. (2001) Ling and Bledsoe (2009) Stobbs et al. (2009) Kawchuk et al. (2011) Moine et al. (2014) Wijekoon et al. (2014)	Tomatoes production (2008) 770,059 MT
-British Columbia	Present			Ling and Bledsoe (2009)
-Ontario	Present			Stobbs et al. (2009) Harrington and Dobinson (2000) French et al. (2001)
-Quebec	Present			Moine et al. (2014)
Cayman Islands	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 8 MT (F)
Costa Rica	Present			Hord et al. (2001) Castro et al. (2009) Solórzano-Morales et al. (2011) Barboza et al. (2014)	Tomatoes production (2008) 45,000 MT
Cuba	Present			Martínez-Zubiaur et al. (2008) Zamora et al. (2014) Piloto-Sardiñas et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 575,900 MT
Dominica	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 250 MT (F)
Dominican Republic	Present			Almeida et al. (2014) Batuman et al. (2014) Ling et al. (2014) Martínez et al. (2014) Serra et al. (2019)	Tomatoes production (2008) 243,012 MT
El Salvador	Present			Bextine et al. (2013)	Tomatoes production (2008) 44,436 MT
Grenada	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 70 MT (F)
Guadeloupe	Present			Urbino and Tassius (2003)	Tomatoes production (2008) 3,000 MT (F)
Guatemala	Present			Smith et al. (2000) Perez et al. (2008) Salati et al. (2010)	Tomatoes production (2008) 355,454 MT (F)
Haiti	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 2,200 MT
Honduras	Present			Aguilar et al. (2013) Munyaneza et al. (2013)	Tomatoes production (2008) 155,000 MT (F)
Jamaica	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 19,387 MT
Martinique	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 6,700 MT (F)
Mexico	Present			Jaime-Garcia et al. (2001) Rodríguez-Alvarado et al. (2002) Fernández-Pavía et al. (2003) Holguín-Peña et al. (2004) Holguín-Peña (2005) Brown and Idris (2006) Holguín-Peña et al. (2006) Mauricio-Castillo et al. (2006) Alvarez-Ruiz et al. (2007) Holguín-Peña and Rueda-Puente (2007) Idris et al. (2007) Mauricio-Castillo et al. (2007) Rodríguez-Alvarado et al. (2007) Holguín-Peña et al. (2010) Ling and Zhang (2011) Ling et al. (2011) Picos-Munoz et al. (2011) Méndez-Lozano et al. (2012) Martínez Gallardo et al. (2015) Martínez-Sánchez et al. (2016) Pineda et al. (2017) Martínez-Gallardo et al. (2019) Sánchez et al. (2019) Vega-Gutiérrez et al. (2019)	Tomatoes production (2008) 2,936,773 MT
Montserrat	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 100 MT (F)
Nicaragua	Present			Monger et al. (2008)	Tomatoes production (2008) 7,300 MT (F)
Panama	Present			Herrera-Vásquez et al. (2009) Herrera-Vásquez et al. (2015)	Tomatoes production (2008) 18,600 MT
Puerto Rico	Present			Bird et al. (2001) Wintermantel et al. (2001)	Tomatoes production (2008) 18,800 MT (F)
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 117 MT
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 6 MT (F)
Trinidad and Tobago	Present			Rampersad (2006) Ramsubhag et al. (2012) Villafana et al. (2018)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,800 MT (F)
United States	Present			Arredondo and Davis (2000) Ploetz and Haynes (2000) Bost (2001) Ingram and Henn (2001) Marois et al. (2001) Valverde et al. (2001) Polston et al. (2002) Reitz (2002) McKenzie et al. (2004) Church (2005) Crow (2005) Ling et al. (2006) Akad et al. (2007) Idris et al. (2007) Isakeit et al. (2007) Rojas et al. (2007) Winton et al. (2007) Sá et al. (2008) Duan et al. (2009) Bartz et al. (2010) Ling and Sfetcu (2010) Melzer et al. (2010) Webster et al. (2010) French et al. (2011) Sundaraj et al. (2011) Melzer et al. (2012) Nischwitz et al. (2012) Bourret et al. (2013) Gevens and Seidl (2013) Gevens and Seidl (2013a) Ling et al. (2013) Powell et al. (2013) Vargas-Asencio et al. (2013) Xu et al. (2013) Joshi et al. (2014) Moine et al. (2014) Baysal-Gurel et al. (2015) Subedi et al. (2015) Rivera et al. (2016) Rosskopf and Hong (2016) Salvucci et al. (2016) Searcy et al. (2016) Batuman et al. (2017) Seal and Khan (2017) Vrisman et al. (2017) Lookabaugh et al. (2018) Sui et al. (2018) Abrahamian et al. (2019)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,257,5900 MT
-Alabama	Present			Akad et al. (2007)
-Alaska	Present			Winton et al. (2007)
-Arizona	Present			Idris et al. (2007)
-California	Present			Batuman et al. (2017) Arredondo and Davis (2000) Rojas et al. (2007) Ling and Sfetcu (2010) Salvucci et al. (2016)
-Florida	Present			Seal and Khan (2017) Ploetz and Haynes (2000) Marois et al. (2001) Reitz (2002) McKenzie et al. (2004) Church (2005) Duan et al. (2009) Webster et al. (2010) Rosskopf and Hong (2016)
-Georgia	Present			Searcy et al. (2016) Sundaraj et al. (2011) Nischwitz et al. (2012)
-Hawaii	Present	Introduced	1888	Seebens et al. (2017) Melzer et al. (2010) Melzer et al. (2012)	As: Lycopersicon esculentum
-Kentucky	Present			Sá et al. (2008)
-Louisiana	Present			Valverde et al. (2001)
-Maine	Present			Moine et al. (2014)
-Mississippi	Present			Abrahamian et al. (2019) Ingram and Henn (2001)
-New Jersey	Present			Rivera et al. (2016)
-New Mexico	Present			French et al. (2011)
-New York	Present			Sui et al. (2018)
-North Carolina	Present			Lookabaugh et al. (2018) Polston et al. (2002) Bartz et al. (2010) Ling et al. (2013)
-Ohio	Present			Vrisman et al. (2017) Xu et al. (2013) Baysal-Gurel et al. (2015) Subedi et al. (2015)
-Pennsylvania	Present			Joshi et al. (2014)
-South Carolina	Present			Ling et al. (2006)
-Tennessee	Present			Bost (2001)
-Texas	Present			Isakeit et al. (2007)
-Virginia	Present			Vargas-Asencio et al. (2013)
-Washington	Present			Bourret et al. (2013) Powell et al. (2013)
-Wisconsin	Present			Gevens and Seidl (2013a) Gevens and Seidl (2013)
Oceania
American Samoa	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 130 MT (F)
Australia	Present			McMichael et al. (2000) Mackie et al. (2002) Stirling and Ashley (2003) Stonor et al. (2003) Saqib et al. (2006) Brunschot et al. (2010) Gambley et al. (2010) Brunschot et al. (2014) Seebens et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 296,035 MT (F)
-Queensland	Present			Brunschot et al. (2014) McMichael et al. (2000) Stirling and Ashley (2003) Stonor et al. (2003) Brunschot et al. (2010)
-South Australia	Present			Gambley et al. (2010)
-Western Australia	Present			Saqib et al. (2006) Mackie et al. (2002)
Cook Islands	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 700 MT (F)
Federated States of Micronesia	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 160 MT (A)
Fiji	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 2,800 MT (F)
French Polynesia	Present			Wong et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,100 MT (F)
Guam	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 160 MT (F)
New Caledonia	Present			Pastou et al. (2020)
New Zealand	Present			Elliott et al. (2001) Lebas et al. (2005)	Tomatoes production (2008) 110,000 MT (F)
-Kermadec Islands	Present	Introduced	1967	Seebens et al. (2017)	As: Lycopersicon esculentum
Niue	Present			Wallace et al. (2016)
Papua New Guinea	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 450 MT (F)
Solomon Islands	Present			Davis and Tsatsia (2009)
Tonga	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 450 MT (F)
South America
Argentina	Present			Williams et al. (2001) Alippi et al. (2003) Borbón et al. (2006) Guerrero et al. (2013) Ferrand et al. (2016) Malbrán et al. (2020)	Tomatoes production (2008) 680,000 MT (F)
Bolivia	Present			Correll et al. (2005) Jones et al. (2005)	Tomatoes production (2008) 124,328 MT (F)
Brazil	Present			Kuramae et al. (2003) Colariccio et al. (2007) Barbosa et al. (2008) Lourenção et al. (2008) Rodrigues et al. (2010) Barbosa et al. (2011) Barboza et al. (2013) Fonseca et al. (2013) Oliveira and Frizzas (2013) Gomes et al. (2015) Pratissoli et al. (2015) Chaves et al. (2017) Ferreira et al. (2017) Boiteux et al. (2018) Fontenele et al. (2018) Gobatto et al. (2019) Monteiro et al. (2019) Souza et al. (2019) Duarte et al. (2020)	Tomatoes production (2008) 3,934,275 MT
-Bahia	Present			Barboza et al. (2013) Barbosa et al. (2011)
-Distrito Federal	Present			Souza et al. (2019) Oliveira and Frizzas (2013) Fontenele et al. (2018)
-Espirito Santo	Present			Duarte et al. (2020) Barbosa et al. (2011) Pratissoli et al. (2015) Ferreira et al. (2017)
-Goias	Present			Souza et al. (2019) Barbosa et al. (2011) Fontenele et al. (2018)
-Minas Gerais	Present			Gomes et al. (2015) Colariccio et al. (2007) Barbosa et al. (2011)
-Pernambuco	Present			Ferreira et al. (2017) Boiteux et al. (2018)
-Rio de Janeiro	Present			Barbosa et al. (2011)
-Sao Paulo	Present			Gobatto et al. (2019) Colariccio et al. (2007) Barbosa et al. (2008) Lourenção et al. (2008) Rodrigues et al. (2010) Barbosa et al. (2011) Fonseca et al. (2013) Chaves et al. (2017)
Chile	Present			Latorre and Besoain (2002) Aballay and Eriksson (2006) Galdames and Diaz (2010) Sepúlveda Chavera et al. (2013) Sepúlveda-Chavera et al. (2014)	Tomatoes production (2008) 1,270,000 MT (F)
Colombia	Present			Vargas et al. (2009) Romo et al. (2012) Ángel D. et al. (2016) Jaramillo et al. (2017) Olaya et al. (2017)	Tomatoes production (2008) 490,929 MT
Ecuador	Present			Adler et al. (2004)	Tomatoes production (2008) 50,552 MT
French Guiana	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 3,700 MT (F)
Guyana	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 2,000 MT (F)
Paraguay	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 88,500 MT (F)
Peru	Present			Soler et al. (2002)	Tomatoes production (2008) 173,257 MT (F)
Suriname	Present			CABI (Undated)	Tomatoes production (2008) 627 MT
Uruguay	Present			Arruabarrena et al. (2014) Arruabarrena et al. (2016)	Tomatoes production (2008) 39,780 MT
Venezuela	Present			Romay et al. (2016) Montilla et al. (2007) Zambrano et al. (2007)

References

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Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)

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