Hemileia vastatrix (coffee leaf rust)
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Top of pagePreferred Scientific Name
- Hemileia vastatrix Berkeley & Broome
Preferred Common Name
- coffee leaf rust
International Common Names
- English: coffee rust; leaf rust of coffee; orange coffee rust
- Spanish: roya del cafeto
- French: rouille de la feuille du caféier; rouille vriae des cafeiras
- Portuguese: ferrugem do cafeeiro
Local Common Names
- Germany: kaffeeblatt krankheit
- Italy: ruggine del cafe
EPPO code
- HEMIVA (Hemileia vastatrix)
Taxonomic Tree
Top of page- Domain: Eukaryota
- Kingdom: Fungi
- Phylum: Basidiomycota
- Subphylum: Pucciniomycotina
- Class: Pucciniomycetes
- Order: Pucciniales
- Genus: Hemileia
- Species: Hemileia vastatrix
Distribution Table
Top of pageThe distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.
Last updated: 30 Jun 2022Continent/Country/Region | Distribution | Last Reported | Origin | First Reported | Invasive | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Africa |
|||||||
Angola | Present | ||||||
Benin | Present | ||||||
Burundi | Present | ||||||
Cameroon | Present | ||||||
Central African Republic | Present | ||||||
Comoros | Present, Widespread | ||||||
Congo, Democratic Republic of the | Present | ||||||
Congo, Republic of the | Present | ||||||
Côte d'Ivoire | Present | ||||||
Eritrea | Present, Widespread | ||||||
Ethiopia | Present | ||||||
Ghana | Present | ||||||
Guinea | Present | ||||||
Kenya | Present | ||||||
Liberia | Present | ||||||
Madagascar | Present | ||||||
Malawi | Present | ||||||
Mauritius | Present | ||||||
Mozambique | Present | ||||||
Nigeria | Present | ||||||
Réunion | Present | ||||||
Rwanda | Present | ||||||
São Tomé and Príncipe | Present | ||||||
Sierra Leone | Present, Localized | ||||||
Somalia | Present | ||||||
South Africa | Present | ||||||
Sudan | Present | ||||||
Tanzania | Present | ||||||
Togo | Present | ||||||
Uganda | Present | ||||||
Zambia | Present | ||||||
Zimbabwe | Present | ||||||
Asia |
|||||||
Bangladesh | Present | ||||||
Brunei | Present | ||||||
Cambodia | Present | ||||||
China | Present | ||||||
-Guangdong | Present | ||||||
-Guangxi | Present | ||||||
-Yunnan | Present | ||||||
India | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Andaman and Nicobar Islands | Present | ||||||
-Karnataka | Present | ||||||
-Tamil Nadu | Present | ||||||
Indonesia | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Java | Present | ||||||
-Lesser Sunda Islands | Present | ||||||
-Maluku Islands | Present | ||||||
-Sulawesi | Present | ||||||
-Sumatra | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | ||||||
Laos | Present | ||||||
Malaysia | Present, Widespread | ||||||
-Peninsular Malaysia | Present | ||||||
-Sabah | Present | ||||||
-Sarawak | Present | ||||||
Myanmar | Present | ||||||
Philippines | Present | ||||||
Singapore | Present | ||||||
Sri Lanka | Present | ||||||
Taiwan | Present | ||||||
Thailand | Present | ||||||
Vietnam | Present | ||||||
Yemen | Present | ||||||
North America |
|||||||
Belize | Present | ||||||
Costa Rica | Present, Widespread | ||||||
Cuba | Present | ||||||
Dominican Republic | Present, Localized | ||||||
El Salvador | Present | ||||||
Guatemala | Present | ||||||
Haiti | Present, Localized | ||||||
Honduras | Present | ||||||
Jamaica | Present, Localized | ||||||
Mexico | Present | ||||||
Nicaragua | Present | ||||||
Panama | Present, Widespread | ||||||
Puerto Rico | Present | ||||||
United States | |||||||
-Hawaii | Present | ||||||
Oceania |
|||||||
American Samoa | Present | ||||||
Cook Islands | Present | ||||||
Fiji | Present | ||||||
French Polynesia | Present | ||||||
New Caledonia | Present | ||||||
Papua New Guinea | Present, Localized | ||||||
Samoa | Present | ||||||
Vanuatu | Present | ||||||
South America |
|||||||
Argentina | Present | ||||||
Bolivia | Present | ||||||
Brazil | Present | ||||||
-Acre | Present | ||||||
-Bahia | Present | ||||||
-Espirito Santo | Present | ||||||
-Minas Gerais | Present | ||||||
-Para | Present | ||||||
-Parana | Present | ||||||
-Pernambuco | Present | ||||||
-Rondonia | Present | ||||||
-Sao Paulo | Present | ||||||
Colombia | Present, Widespread | ||||||
Ecuador | Present | ||||||
Paraguay | Present | ||||||
Peru | Present | ||||||
Venezuela | Present, Localized |
List of Symptoms/Signs
Top of pageSign | Life Stages | Type |
---|---|---|
Fruit / lesions: on pods | ||
Fruit / lesions: scab or pitting | ||
Leaves / abnormal colours | ||
Leaves / abnormal leaf fall | ||
Leaves / fungal growth | ||
Leaves / necrotic areas | ||
Stems / discoloration of bark |
Natural enemies
Top of pageNatural enemy | Type | Life stages | Specificity | References | Biological control in | Biological control on |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alcaligenes faecalis | Pathogen | |||||
Bacillus megaterium | Pathogen | |||||
Bacillus subtilis | Pathogen | |||||
Bacillus thuringiensis | Pathogen | |||||
Cladosporium hemileiae | Pathogen | |||||
Cochliobolus carbonum | Pathogen | Arthropods|Larvae | ||||
Eudarluca caricis | Pathogen | |||||
Paranectria hemileiae | Pathogen | |||||
Pseudomonas fluorescens | Antagonist | |||||
Puccinia oxalidis | Pathogen | |||||
Puccinia psidii | Pathogen | |||||
Ustilago maydis | Pathogen | |||||
Verticillium leptobactrum | Pathogen | |||||
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae | Pathogen |
Plant Trade
Top of pagePlant parts liable to carry the pest in trade/transport | Pest stages | Borne internally | Borne externally | Visibility of pest or symptoms |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fruits (inc. pods) | fungi/hyphae; fungi/spores | Yes | Yes | Pest or symptoms usually visible to the naked eye |
Leaves | fungi/hyphae; fungi/spores | Yes | Yes | Pest or symptoms usually invisible |
Stems (above ground)/Shoots/Trunks/Branches | fungi/hyphae; fungi/spores | Yes | Yes | Pest or symptoms usually invisible |
Plant parts not known to carry the pest in trade/transport |
---|
Bark |
Bulbs/Tubers/Corms/Rhizomes |
Flowers/Inflorescences/Cones/Calyx |
Growing medium accompanying plants |
Roots |
Seedlings/Micropropagated plants |
True seeds (inc. grain) |
Wood |
References
Top of pageAnon, 1986b. Outbreaks and new records. Jamaica. Coffee leaf rust. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin, 34:216
Anon, 1989. Outbreaks and new records. Puerto Rico. Infestation of coffee leaf rust, Hemileaia vastatrix. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin, 37:97
AVA, 2001. Diagnostic records of the Plant Health Diagnostic Services, Plant Health Centre, Agri-food & Veterinary Authority, Singapore
Bock KR, 1962. Seasonal periodicity of coffee leaf rust and factors affecting the severity of outbreaks in Kenya colony. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 45:289-300
Bowden J, Gregory PH, Johnson CG, 1971. Possible wind transport of coffee leaf rust across the Atlantic Ocean. Nature, 229:500-501
Burdekin DA, 1960. Wind and water dispersal of coffee leaf rust in Tanganyika. Kenya Coffee, 25:212-213
Carefoot GL, Sprott ER, 1969. Famine in the wind - Plant disease and human history. London, UK: Angus and Robertson
Carvalho A, Eskes AB, Castillo ZJ, Streenivasan M, Echeverri JH, Fernandex CE, Fazouli LC, 1989. Breeding programmes around the world (Chapter 7). In: Kushalappa AC, Eskes AB, eds. Coffee rust: epidemiology, resistance and management. Boca Raton, Florida, USA: CRC Press, 293-335
Carvalho VL de, Chalfoun SM, Castro HA de, 1996. Influencia da producao na incidencia da ferrugem-do-cafeeiro. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, 31: 401-405
Crowe TJ, 1963. Possible insect vectors of uredospores of Hemileia vastarix in Kenya. Transactions of British Mycological Society, 46:24-26
Echeverri JHR, 1980. La roya en El Salavador. Promecafe, 6:3
EPPO, 2014. PQR database. Paris, France: European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. http://www.eppo.int/DATABASES/pqr/pqr.htm
Eskes AB, 1982. Incomplete resistance to coffee leaf rust. In: F Lamberti, JM Waller, N van der Graaff, eds. Durable Resistance in Crops. New York, USA: Plenum, 291-315
FNIA (Fundo Nacional de Investigacions Agropecuarias), 1985. Plan Nacional de Investigacion Rubro y Cafe, FUNIAP Brahmon, Venezuela, 79
Fulton RH, 1984. Coffee Rust in the Americas. Symposium Book No. 2. St Paul, USA: American Phytopathological Society, 120
Hakiza GJ, 1997. Characterisation of the epidemiology of coffee leaf rust caused by Hemileia vastatrix on robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) in Uganda. PhD thesis. Reading, UK: University of Reading
Large EC, 1940. Coffee rust in Ceylon. In: Advance of the Fungi. London, UK: Jonathan Cape, pp196-207
Llano A, 1977. The orange coffee rust in Nicaragua. Plant Disease Reporter, 61(12):999-1002
Mayne WW, 1930. Seasonal periodicity of coffee leaf disease (Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Br.). Bulletin of the Mysore Coffee Experiment Station, No. 4
Monaco LC, 1977. Consequences of the introduction of coffee rust into Brazil. In: PR Day, ed. The Genetic Basis of Epidemics in Agriculture. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 287:57-71
Muthiah S, 1993. A Planting Century: the first hundred years of the United Planters Association of Southern India. Madras, India: Affiliated East-West Press Pvt. Ltd
Narasimhaswamy RL, 1961. La herrumbre del café (Hemileia) in la India. Café (Turralba), 3: 41-45
Nutman FJ, Roberts FM, 1970. Coffee Leaf Rust. PANS 16: 607-624
Nutman FJ, Roberts FM, Bock KR, 1960. Methods of uredospore dispersal of coffee leaf rust fungus, Hemileia vastatrix. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 43:509-515
Porras NC, Leguizamon CJE, Martinez MM, 1999. Induccion de resistencia por Pseudomonas spp. en plantulas de cafT contra la roya del cafeto Hemileia vastarix Berk. y Br. [Induction of resistance by Pseudomonas spp in coffee plantlets against coffee rust Hemileia vastatrix Berk and Br.] Ascolfi Informa, 25:12-14
Rajendran RB, 1967. A new type of nuclear life cycle in Hemileia vastatrix. Mycologia, 59:279-285
Rayner RW, 1961a. Germination and penetration studies on coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix Berk & Br.). Annals of Applied Biology, 49:497-505
Rayner RW, 1961b. Spore liberation and dispersal of coffee rust, Hemileia vastatrix. Nature, 191:725
Rayner RW, 1962. The control of coffee rust in Kenya by fungicides. Annals of Applied Biology, 50:245-261
Rayner RW, 1972. Micologia Historia y Biologia de la Roya del Cafeto. Publicacion Miscelanea No. 94. Turialba, Costa Rica: IICA
Rodrigues CJ Jr, Bettancourt AJ, Rijo L, 1975. Races of the pathogen and resistance to coffee rust. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 13:49-70
Schieber E, 1972. Economic impact of coffee rust in Latin America. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 10: 491-510
Schieber E, Zentmyer GA, 1984. Coffee rust in the western hemisphere. Plant Disease, 68(2):89-93
Schotman CYL, 1989. Plant pests of quarantine importance to the Caribbean. RLAC-PROVEG, No. 21:80 pp
Sierra CA, Montoya EC, Velez RC, 1995. Nivel de dano y umbral economico para la roya del cafeto (Hemileia vastatrix Berk. y Br.). Fitopatologia Colombiana, 19: 43-48
Van der Vossen HAM, Walyaro DJ, 1981. The coffee breeding programme in Kenya. A review of progress made since 1971 and plan of action for the coming years. Kenya Coffee, 46:113-130
Vazquez GF, 1983. Coffee rust in Mexico. Plant Disease, 67(4):450
Vine BH, Vine PA, Griffiths E, 1973. Some problems of evaluating fungicides for use on coffee in Kenya. Annals of Applied Biology, 75:377-385
Waller JM, 1979. The recent spread of coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Br) and attempts to control it. In: DL Ebbels, JE King, eds. Plant Health. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 275-283
Waller JM, 1982. Coffee rust -- epidemiology and control. Crop Protection, 1(4):385-404
Waller JM, Leguizamon J, Gill LF, Aston RA, Cookman GP, Sharp DG, Ford MG, Salt DW, 1994. Laboratory and field development of a CDA spraying system for control of coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix): an overview. In: Hewitt HG, Caseley J, Copping LG, Grayson BT, Tyson D, eds. Comparing Glasshouse and Field Pesticide Performance II. Farnham, Surrey: British Crop Protection Council, 261-266
Wallis JAN, Firman ID, 1962. Spraying Arabica coffee for the control of leaf rust. East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal, 28:89-104
Ward HM, 1882. Researches on the life history of Hemileia vastatrix. Journal of the Linnaean Society, 19:299-335
Wellman FL, 1970. The rust Hemileia vastatrix now firmly established on coffee in Brazil. Plant Disease Reporter, 54:539
Wrigley G, 1988. Coffee. Tropical agriculture series. Harlow, UK: Longman, 309-326
Distribution References
Anon, 1989. Outbreaks and new records. Puerto Rico. Infestation of coffee leaf rust, Hemileaia vastatrix. In: FAO Plant Protection Bulletin, 37 97.
AVA, 2001. Diagnostic records of the Plant Health Diagnostic Services., Singapore: Plant Health Centre Agri-food & Veterinary Authority.
CABI, Undated. Compendium record. Wallingford, UK: CABI
CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. Wallingford, UK: CABI
Echeverri JHR, 1980. (La roya en El Salavador). In: Promecafe, 6 3.
EPPO, 2014. EPPO Global database (available online). Paris, France: EPPO. https://gd.eppo.int/
FNIA (Fundo Nacional de Investigacions Agropecuarias), 1985. (Plan Nacional de Investigacion Rubro y Cafe)., Venezuela: FUNIAP Brahmon. 79.
Llano A, 1977. The orange coffee rust in Nicaragua. Plant Disease Reporter. 61 (12), 999-1002.
Vazquez G F, 1983. Coffee rust in Mexico. Plant Disease. 67 (4), 450. DOI:10.1094/PD-67-450
Waller JM, 1979. The recent spread of coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Br) and attempts to control it. In: Plant Health, [ed. by Ebbels DL, King JE]. Oxford, UK: Blackwell. 275-283.
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