Acacia colei
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Top of pagePreferred Scientific Name
- Acacia colei Maslin & L. A. J. Thomson
Variety
- Acacia colei var. colei
- Acacia colei var. ileocarpa M. W. McDonald & Maslin
Local Common Names
- Australia: Cole's wattle
Taxonomic Tree
Top of page- Domain: Eukaryota
- Kingdom: Plantae
- Phylum: Spermatophyta
- Subphylum: Angiospermae
- Class: Dicotyledonae
- Order: Fabales
- Family: Fabaceae
- Subfamily: Mimosoideae
- Genus: Acacia
- Species: Acacia colei
Notes on Taxonomy and Nomenclature
Top of pageFurther investigations revealed A. colei comprised two distinct variants: var. colei and var. ileocarpa (McDonald and Maslin, 1997a). Although previously thought to have evolved as a putative hybrid involving A. colei (hexaploid) and A. neurocarpa (diploid) by Maslin and Thomson (1992), var. ileocarpa is also hexaploid but differs from var. colei in having tightly, irregularly coiled or twisted pods (which are very similar to those found in the related species A. holosericea and A. neurocarpa), orange-coloured terminal branchlets, slightly narrower phyllodes and smaller seeds (McDonald and Maslin, 1997a). The varietal epithet alludes to the twisted and coiled state of its pods.
A. colei, A. holosericea and A. neurocarpa belong to the Acacia section Juliflorae (Benth.) Maiden & Betche and form part of a group which includes A. cowleana Tate, A. elachantha M.W. McDonald & Maslin (see McDonald and Maslin, 1997b for a taxonomic reappraisal of these two species), A. grandiflora Pedley, A. mangium Willd., A. nesophila Pedley, A. pellita O. Schwartz, A. sericoflora Pedley and A. thomsonii Maslin & M.W. McDonald (Maslin and Thomson, 1992). All of these species occur in the seasonally dry tropics of Australia. They are characterized by their flowers in cylindrical spikes, phyllodes with numerous, anastomosing, longitudinal nerves and narrow, curved or tightly coiled and twisted pods with small seeds that have yellow or orange arils.
Based on morphological attributes and chromosome counts, Maslin and Thomson (1992) suggest that A. colei evolved as an allopolyploid between A. neurocarpa (diploid) and A. elachantha (a tetraploid). Maslin and McDonald (1996a, 1996b) suggest that the closest relative of A. colei is A. thomsonii Maslin & McDonald. Putative natural hybrids between A. colei var. colei and A. elachantha have been noted by Thomson (1992) and Maslin and McDonald (1996a). Kenneally et al. (1996) also note putative, natural hybrids between A. colei and A. neurocarpa in the Beagle Bay region of Western Australia.
Distribution Table
Top of pageThe distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.
Last updated: 17 Feb 2021Continent/Country/Region | Distribution | Last Reported | Origin | First Reported | Invasive | Planted | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Africa |
||||||||
Burkina Faso | Present | Planted | ||||||
Cabo Verde | Present | Planted | ||||||
Cameroon | Present | Planted | ||||||
Kenya | Present | Introduced | Invasive | |||||
Mali | Present | Planted | ||||||
Mozambique | Present | Planted | ||||||
Niger | Present | Planted | ||||||
Nigeria | Present | Planted | ||||||
Senegal | Present | Planted | ||||||
Somalia | Present | Planted | ||||||
Sudan | Present | Planted | ||||||
Tanzania | Present | Introduced | Invasive | |||||
Zimbabwe | Present | Planted | ||||||
Asia |
||||||||
India | Present | Present based on regional distribution. | ||||||
-Rajasthan | Present | Planted | ||||||
-Tamil Nadu | Present | Planted | ||||||
-West Bengal | Present | Planted | ||||||
Indonesia | Present | Planted | ||||||
Nepal | Present | Planted | ||||||
Thailand | Present | Planted | ||||||
Vietnam | Present | Planted | ||||||
Oceania |
||||||||
Australia | Present | Present based on regional distribution. | ||||||
-Northern Territory | Present | |||||||
-Queensland | Present | |||||||
-Western Australia | Present |
Latitude/Altitude Ranges
Top of pageLatitude North (°N) | Latitude South (°S) | Altitude Lower (m) | Altitude Upper (m) |
---|---|---|---|
-14 | -23 | 5 | 1500 |
Air Temperature
Top of pageParameter | Lower limit | Upper limit |
---|---|---|
Absolute minimum temperature (ºC) | -1 | |
Mean annual temperature (ºC) | 25 | 28 |
Mean maximum temperature of hottest month (ºC) | 34 | 42 |
Mean minimum temperature of coldest month (ºC) | 6 | 20 |
Rainfall
Top of pageParameter | Lower limit | Upper limit | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Dry season duration | 4 | 10 | number of consecutive months with <40 mm rainfall |
Mean annual rainfall | 250 | 900 | mm; lower/upper limits |
Soil Tolerances
Top of pageSoil drainage
- free
Soil reaction
- acid
- alkaline
- neutral
Soil texture
- heavy
- light
- medium
Special soil tolerances
- infertile
- shallow
Wood Products
Top of pageCharcoal
Woodware
- Industrial and domestic woodware
- Tool handles
- Wood carvings
References
Top of pageAdewusi SRA, Falade OS, Harwood CE, 1998. Chemical composition of A. colei and A. tumida seeds - potential food sources in the semi-arid tropics. Food Chemistry (in press)
Arentz F, Boer E, Lemmens RHMJ, Ilic J, 1995. Acacia Miller. In: Lemmens RHMJ, Soerianegara I, Wong WC, eds. Plant resources of South-East Asia. No. 5(2). Timber Trees: minor commercial timbers. pp. 27-38. Leiden: Backhuys Publishers
ATSC, 1999. Germination test results: records of the Australian Tree Seed Centre, CSIRO, Forestry and Forest Products. Data located on Internet site: http://www.ffp.csiro.au/tigr/atscmain/
CTFT, 1983. Document provisoire sur les acacias. Nogent-sur-Marne, France: Centre Technique Forestier Tropical (unpublished)
Dommergues Y, Duhoux E, Diem HG, 1999. Les Arbres Fixateurs D'Azote: characteristiques fondamentales et role dans l'amenagement des ecosystemes mediterraneens et tropicaux. Avec reference particuliere aux zones sunhumudes at arides. Montpellier, France: CIRAD, Editions Espaces, FAO, IRD
Harwood C, Adewusi S, Rinaudo T, 1998. Developing Australian acacia seeds as human food. Unasylva (submitted)
Harwood CE, Le Dinh Kha, Phi Quang Dien, Luu Van Thang, 1998. Performance of Australian dry-zone Acacia species on white sandy soils in south-eastern Vietnam. In: Turnbull JW, Crompton HR, Pinyopusarerk K (eds). Recent developments in acacia planting, Proceedings of an international workshop held in Hanoi, Vietnam, 27-30 October, 1997. ACIAR Proceedings No. 82, 29-35
Harwood CE, Rinaudo T, Adewusi S, 1999. Developing Australian acacia seeds as a food for the Sahel. Unasylva, 50(196):57-64
IRBET-CTFT, 1989. Rapport Annuel D'Activities 1988. Institut de Recherche en Biologie et Cologie Tropicale-Centre Technique Forestier Tropical. Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Kenneally KF, Edinger DC, Willing T, 1996. Broome and beyond: Plants and people of the Dampier Peninsula, Kimberley, Western Australia. Perth, Western Australia: Department of Conservation and Land Management
Latz PK, 1995. Bushfires and bushtucker: Aboriginal plant use in Central Australia. Alice Springs: IAD Press
McDonald MW, Maslin BR, 1997. Acacia colei var. ileocarpa (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae), a new taxon from the tropical dry-zone of north-west Australia. Nuytsia, 11:219-223
McDonald MW, Maslin BR, Harwood CE, 1996. Taxonomic studies of tropical dry zone Acacia species facilitate their domestication. In: Deiters MJ, Matheson AC, Nikles DG, Harwood CE, Walker SM, eds. Tree Improvement for Sustainable Tropical Forestry. Proceedings of a QFRI-IUFRO Conference, Caloundra, Queensland, Australia, 27 October-1 November (Queensland Forestry Research Institute, Gympie), 96-98
Moran G, Thomson L, Grant J, Bell C, 1992. The distribution of genetic variation within two dry-zone Acacia species and the implications for their genetic improvement. In: House APN, Harwood CE, eds. Australian dry-zone acacias for human food. Canberra: CSIRO Australian Tree Seed Centre, 74-81
Rinaudo T, Burt M, Harwood C, 1995. Growth and seed production of Australian Acacia species at Maradi, Niger. ACIAR Forestry Newsletter, No. 19, 1-2; 3 ref
Rinaudo T, Burt M, Harwood CE, 1995. Growth and seed production of Australian Acacia species at Maradi, Niger. ACIAR Forestry Newsletter 19, 1-2. Canberra, Australia: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
Sedgley M, 1987. Reproductive biology of acacias. ACIAR Proceedings, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, No. 16, 54-56; In: Turnbull JW, ed. Australian acacias in developing countries. Proceedings of an international workshop, Gympie, Qld., Australia, 4-7 August 1986
Souvannavong O, de Framond H, 1992. Performance of dry-zone Acacia species and provenances recently introduced to the Sahel. In: House APN, Harwood CE, eds. Australian dry-zone acacias for human food. Canberra: CSIRO Australian Tree Seed Centre, 82-92
Thomson L, Harwood C, Rinaudo T, 1996. Australian acacias - untapped genetic resources for human food production in dry tropical sub-saharan Africa. FAO Forest Genetic Resources Information, No. 24:69-75
Thomson LAJ, 1992. Australia's subtropical dry-zone Acacia species with human food potential. In: House APN, Harwood CE, eds. Australian dry-zone acacias for human food. Melbourne: CSIRO Publications, 3-36
Turnbull JW, 1986. Multipurpose Australian trees and shrubs: lesser-known species for fuelwood and agroforestry. ACIAR Monograph No. 1
Distribution References
CABI, Undated. Compendium record. Wallingford, UK: CABI
CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status inferred from regional distribution. Wallingford, UK: CABI
CABI, Undated b. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. Wallingford, UK: CABI
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