Cucurbita maxima (giant pumpkin)
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Top of pageIdentity
Top of pagePreferred Scientific Name
- Cucurbita maxima Duchesne ex Lam.
Preferred Common Name
- giant pumpkin
Other Scientific Names
- Cucurbita turbaniformis M. Roem.
International Common Names
- English: autumn squash; banana squash; buttercup squash; calabaza; courge; Hubbard squash; pumpkin; squash banana; squash buttercup; turban squash; winter squash; winter squash
- Spanish: calabaza amarilla; calabaza de Castilla; calabaza redonda; zapallo
- French: courge commune; giraumon; pâtisson; potiron
- Chinese: zhong guo
- Portuguese: abóbora-moranga; cabaca
Local Common Names
- Germany: Kuerbis; Riesen- Kuerbis
- Italy: zucca gigante
- Netherlands: reuzenkalebas
- Peru: loche
- Russian Federation: tykva
- Sweden: jaettepumpa
EPPO code
- CUUMA (Cucurbita maxima)
Taxonomic Tree
Top of page- Domain: Eukaryota
- Kingdom: Plantae
- Phylum: Spermatophyta
- Subphylum: Angiospermae
- Class: Dicotyledonae
- Order: Violales
- Family: Cucurbitaceae
- Genus: Cucurbita
- Species: Cucurbita maxima
Distribution Table
Top of pageThe distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.
Last updated: 17 Dec 2021Continent/Country/Region | Distribution | Last Reported | Origin | First Reported | Invasive | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Africa |
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Algeria | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 240,000 MT (F) | |||||
Cabo Verde | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 1,147 MT (Im) | |||||
Cameroon | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 150,867 MT (Im) | |||||
Central African Republic | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 31,000 MT | |||||
Côte d'Ivoire | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 20,560 MT (Im) | |||||
Djibouti | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 16 MT (Im) | |||||
Egypt | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 633,557 MT | |||||
Ghana | Present | ||||||
Libya | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 33,669 MT (Im) | |||||
Mauritius | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 19,191 MT | |||||
Morocco | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 211,834 MT (Im) | |||||
Mozambique | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 1,034 MT (Im) | |||||
Niger | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 49,262 MT | |||||
Nigeria | Present | ||||||
Réunion | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 912 MT (Im) | |||||
Rwanda | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 234,671 MT (Im) | |||||
Senegal | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 6,000 MT (F) | |||||
South Africa | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 177,852 MT | |||||
Tanzania | Present | ||||||
Tunisia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 47,607 MT (Im) | |||||
Asia |
|||||||
Bahrain | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 599 MT (Im) | |||||
Bangladesh | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 402,470 MT (Im) | |||||
Bhutan | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 6,596 MT (Im) | |||||
Brunei | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 581 MT (Im) | |||||
China | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 6,978,170 MT (F) | |||||
India | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 4,695,540 MT (Im) | |||||
-Himachal Pradesh | Present | ||||||
-Karnataka | Present | ||||||
-Odisha | Present | ||||||
-Tripura | Present | ||||||
-Uttar Pradesh | Present | ||||||
Indonesia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 428,197 MT | |||||
Iraq | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 165,239 MT | |||||
Israel | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 13,078 MT | |||||
Japan | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 222,833 MT (Im) | |||||
Jordan | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 93,118 MT | |||||
Kuwait | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 12,496 MT (Im) | |||||
Kyrgyzstan | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 2,000 MT (*) | |||||
Lebanon | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 25,000 MT (F) | |||||
Malaysia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 21,200 MT | |||||
Oman | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 2,184 MT | |||||
Pakistan | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 252,028 MT | |||||
Philippines | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 317,571 MT | |||||
Qatar | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 370 MT | |||||
Saudi Arabia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 122,193 MT (Im) | |||||
Sri Lanka | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 127,890 MT | |||||
Syria | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 122,340 MT | |||||
Thailand | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 203,121 MT (Im) | |||||
Turkey | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 410,804 MT | |||||
United Arab Emirates | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 32,648 MT (Im) | |||||
Yemen | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 10,695 MT (Im) | |||||
-Socotra | Present | Introduced | 2003 | ||||
Europe |
|||||||
Albania | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 9,700 MT (F) | |||||
Austria | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 19,671 MT | |||||
Belgium | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 47,527 MT | |||||
Bulgaria | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 817 MT | |||||
Cyprus | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 3,893 MT | |||||
Czechia | Present | ||||||
Denmark | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 3,280 MT | |||||
Finland | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 1,798 MT | |||||
France | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 124,557 MT | |||||
Germany | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 88,156 MT | |||||
Greece | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 74,177 MT (Im) | |||||
Hungary | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 20,192 MT | |||||
Italy | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 538,534 MT | |||||
Latvia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 3,776 MT | |||||
Lithuania | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 1,394 MT | |||||
Malta | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 1,477 MT | |||||
Netherlands | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 18,000 MT | |||||
Poland | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 60,687 MT | |||||
Portugal | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 13,039 MT (Im) | |||||
-Azores | Present | Introduced | 1952 | ||||
Romania | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 98,847 MT | |||||
Russia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 1,175,890 MT | |||||
Slovakia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 20,986 MT (Im) | |||||
Spain | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 393,100 MT | |||||
Sweden | Present | Introduced | 2001 | ||||
Switzerland | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 10,140 MT | |||||
Ukraine | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 626,900 MT | |||||
United Kingdom | Present | Introduced | 1928 | ||||
North America |
|||||||
Antigua and Barbuda | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 320 MT (Im) | |||||
Barbados | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 166 MT | |||||
Belize | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 221 MT (Im) | |||||
Canada | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 88,954 MT | |||||
-British Columbia | Present | ||||||
Cayman Islands | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 42 MT (Im) | |||||
Cuba | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 340,328 MT | |||||
Dominica | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 849 MT (Im) | |||||
Dominican Republic | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 38,294 MT | |||||
El Salvador | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 7,555 MT (Im) | |||||
Grenada | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 364 MT (Im) | |||||
Guadeloupe | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 307 MT (Im) | |||||
Haiti | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 580 MT (Im) | |||||
Honduras | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 3,588 MT (Im) | |||||
Jamaica | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 49,432 MT | |||||
Mexico | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 525,445 MT | |||||
Puerto Rico | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 11,624 MT (Im) | |||||
Saint Lucia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 277 MT (Im) | |||||
Saint Pierre and Miquelon | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 0 MT (F) | |||||
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 559 MT (Im) | |||||
Trinidad and Tobago | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 1,812 MT (Im) | |||||
United States | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 823,260 MT | |||||
-Alabama | Present | ||||||
-California | Present | ||||||
-Georgia | Present | ||||||
-Oregon | Present | ||||||
-Texas | Present | ||||||
Oceania |
|||||||
Australia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 102,934 MT | |||||
Federated States of Micronesia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 0 MT (A) | |||||
Fiji | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 1,646 MT (Im) | |||||
French Polynesia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 113 MT (Im) | |||||
New Zealand | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 140,742 MT (Im) | |||||
Papua New Guinea | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 127 MT (Im) | |||||
Solomon Islands | Present | ||||||
Timor-Leste | Present | ||||||
Tonga | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 18,693 MT (Im) | |||||
South America |
|||||||
Argentina | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 337,566 MT (Im) | |||||
Brazil | Present | ||||||
-Sao Paulo | Present | ||||||
Chile | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 141,415 MT (Im) | |||||
Colombia | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 67,729 MT (Im) | |||||
Ecuador | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 4,520 MT (Im) | |||||
Guyana | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 5,454 MT (Im) | |||||
Paraguay | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 7,164 MT (Im) | |||||
Peru | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 198,998 MT | |||||
Uruguay | Present | Pumpkins, squash and gourds production (2011) 15,151 MT (Im) |
References
Top of pageAnon, 2007. New York agricultural statistics, 2005-2006 annual bulletin. Albany, USA: Albany, New York Dept. Ag. Markets, 25.
Bailey LH; Bailey EZ, 1976. Hortus Third. New York, USA: MacMillan Publishing Co., 342-343.
Decoteau DR, 2000. Vegetable crops. Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Prentice Hall.
FAO, 2013. FAOSTAT database. Rome, Italy: FAO. http://faostat3.fao.org/home/index.html [2011 data taken in 2013.]
Ferriol M; Pico B; Nuez F, 2004. Morphological and molecular diversity of a collection of Cucurbita maxima landraces. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 129:60-69.
Hausbeck MK; Gevens AJ; Cortright B, 2006. Integrating cultural and chemical strategies to control Phytophthora capsici and limit its spread. In: Holmes GJ, ed. Proc. Cucurbitaceae 2006. Raleigh, NC, USA: Universal Press, 427-435.
Hollomon DW; Wheeler IE, 2002. Controlling powdery mildews with chemistry. In: Bélanger RR, Bushnell WR, Dik AJ, Carver TLW, eds. The Powdery Mildews, a Comprehensive Treatise. St Paul, MN, USA: APS Press (American Phytopathological Society), 249-255.
Hurd PD Jr; Linsley EG; Whitaker TW, 1971. Squash and gourd bees (Peponapis, Xenoglossa) and the origin of the cultivated Cucurbita. Evolution, 25:218-234.
Langevin D, 1993. How-to-grow world class giant pumpkins. Norton, MA, USA: Annedawn Pub.
Latin RX, 1996. Bacterial wilt. In: Zitter TA, Hopkins DL, Thomas DE, eds. Compendium of cucurbit diseases. St Paul, MN, USA: APS Press (American Phytopathological Society), 36.
Masierowska ML; Wien H, 2000. Flowering, pollination and fruit set of two pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) cultivars under field conditions. Apiacta, 35:97-105.
McClurg CA; Reiners R; Riggs DIM; Rouse R, 2003. Cultural practices. In: Riggs, DIM, ed. Pumpkin Production Guide. Ithaca, USA: NRAES-123, 28-42.
McGrath MT, 2006. Occurrence of fungicide resistance in Podosphaera xanthii and impact on controlling cucurbit powdery mildew in New York. In: Holmes GJ, ed. Proc. Cucurbitaceae 2006. Raleigh, NC, USA: Universal Press, 473-482.
Mt Pleasant J, 2006. The science behind the three sisters mound system: An agronomic assessment of an indigenous agricultural system in the North East. In: Staller J, Tykot R, Benz B, eds. Histories of Maize. Academic Press, 529-537.
Ozdemir Z; Zitter TA, 2006. Bacterial leaf spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. cucurbitae) as a factor in cucurbit production and evaluation of seed treatments for control in naturally infested seed. In: Holmes GJ, ed. Proc. Cucurbitaceae 2006. Raleigh, NC, USA: Universal Press, 498-506.
Perring TM; Chandler LD, 1996. Mites. In: Zitter TA, Hopkins DL, Thomas DE, eds. Compendium of Cucurbit Diseases. St Paul, MN, USA: APS Press (American Phytopathological Society), 67-68.
Provvidenti R, 1982. Sources of resistance and tolerance to viruses in accessions of Cucurbita maxima. Cucurbit Genet. Coop. Rep., 5:46-47.
Provvidenti R, 1996. Aster yellows. In: Zitter TA, Hopkins DL, Thomas DE, eds. Compendium of Cucurbit Diseases. St Paul, MN, USA: APS Press (American Phytopathological Society), 37.
Provvidenti R; Haudenshield JS, 1996. Squash mosaic. In: Zitter TA, Hopkins DL, Thomas DE, eds. Compendium of Cucurbit Diseases. St Paul, MN, USA; APS Press (American Phytopathological Society), 41-42.
Riggs DIM; Rouse R, 2003. Harvest and postharvest handling. In: Riggs DIM, ed. Pumpkin Production Guide. Ithaca, USA: NRAES-123, 90-93.
Robinson RW; Weeden NF; Provvidenti R, 1988. Inheritance of resistance to zucchini yellow mosaic virus in the interspecific cross Cucurbita maxima X. Report, Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative, USA, 11:74-75.
Sanjur OI; Piperno DR; Andres TC; Wessel-Beaver L, 2002. Phylogenetic relationships among domesticated and wild species of Cucurbita (Cucurbitaceae) inferred from a mitochondrial gene: Implications for crop plant evolution and areas of origin. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 99:535-540.
Sherf AF; MacNab AA, 1986. Vegetable Diseases and Their Control. New York, USA: John Wiley & Sons.
Siemonsma JS; Piluek K, 1993. Plant resources of Southeast Asia. No. 8 Vegetables. Wageningen, Netherlands: Pudoc Scientific Publishers, 160-165.
Warren S, 2007. Backyard Giants. New York, USA: Bloomsbury, 245 pp.
Whitaker TW; Robinson RW, 1987. Squash breeding. In: Bassett MJ, ed. Breeding Vegetable Crops. Westport, USA: AVI Publishing Co., 209-242.
Wien HC; Stapleton SC; Maynard DN; McClurg C; Riggs D, 2004. Flowering, sex expression and fruiting of pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) cultivars under various temperatures in greenhouse and distant field trials. HortScience, 39:239-242.
Zitter TA; Hopkins DL; Thomas DE, 1996. Compendium of Cucurbit Diseases. St Paul, USA: APS Press (American Phytopathological Society), 87 pp.
Distribution References
CABI Data Mining, Undated. CAB Abstracts Data Mining.,
CABI, Undated. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. Wallingford, UK: CABI
FAO, 2013. FAOSTAT database., Rome, Italy: FAO. http://faostat3.fao.org/home/index.html
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