Cucumber mosaic virus (cucumber mosaic)

Datasheet

Cucumber mosaic virus (cucumber mosaic)

Index

Summary

Last modified
21 November 2019

Datasheet Type(s)
Pest
Natural Enemy

Preferred Scientific Name
Cucumber mosaic virus

Preferred Common Name
cucumber mosaic

Taxonomic Tree
Domain: Virus
Group: "Positive sense ssRNA viruses"
Group: "RNA viruses"
Family: Bromoviridae
Genus: Cucumovirus

There are no pictures available for this datasheet

If you can supply pictures for this datasheet please contact:

Compendia
CAB International
Wallingford
Oxfordshire
OX10 8DE
UK
compend@cabi.org
More information

Don't need the entire report?

Generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need.

Generate report

Pictures

Top of page

Picture

Title

Caption

Symptoms on soyabean

Stunt symptoms caused by CMV soybean stunt strain on soyabean in Indonesia.

Mitsuro Kameya-Iwaki

Virus particles

CMV particles. Reproduced with permission from Rothamsted Experimental Station. http://www.res.bbsrc.ac.uk/cdm/plantpath/

IACR-Rothamsted

Symptoms on tobacco

Necrotic streaks on tobacco plant caused by CMV associated with a necrogenic satellite RNA (Sat-RNA).

©Pasquale Piccirillo

Symptoms on tobacco

Necrotic streaks on tobacco plant caused by CMV associated with a necrogenic satellite-RNA (Sat-RNA).

©Pasquale Piccirillo

Symptoms on pepper

CMV mosaic on pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruits.

©Pasquale Piccirillo

Identity

Top of page

Preferred Scientific Name

Cucumber mosaic virus

Preferred Common Name

cucumber mosaic

Other Scientific Names

banana infectious chlorosis virus
banana mosaic virus
coleus mosaic virus
common mosaic virus
cowpea banding mosaic virus
cowpea ringspot virus
cucumber mosaic cucumovirus
cucumber yellow mosaic virus
cucumis virus 1
lily ringspot virus
pea top necrosis virus
peanut yellow mosaic virus
southern celery mosaic virus
soybean stunt virus
spinach blight virus
tomato fern leaf virus

International Common Names

English: CMV - spinach strain; pepper rosette disease; southern celery mosaic; spinach blight; tomato fern-leaf; wart disease of cucumber
Spanish: mosaico de las cucurbitáceas
French: mosaïque à tirets; mosaïque du concombre

Local Common Names

Germany: Farnblaettrigkeit: Tomate; Gelbfleckigkeit des Spinats; Gurkenmosaikvirus; Gurkenmosaikvirus: Sellerie; Kraeuselscheckung des Feldsalates; Reisigkrankheit des Paprika

English acronym

EPPO code

CMV000 (Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus)

Taxonomic Tree

Top of page

Domain: Virus
Group: "Positive sense ssRNA viruses"
Group: "RNA viruses"
Family: Bromoviridae
Genus: Cucumovirus
Species: Cucumber mosaic virus

Distribution Table

Top of page

The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.

Last updated: 23 Apr 2020

Continent/Country/Region	Distribution	Reference
Africa
Algeria	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Benin	Present	Eni et al. (2008); Afouda et al. (2013); EPPO (2020)
Cameroon	Present	Gauhl et al. (1999); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Côte d'Ivoire	Present	Thouvenel and Fauquet (1982); CABI and EPPO (2002); Kouadio et al. (2014); Kouadio et al. (2015); EPPO (2020)
Egypt	Present	Nasser (1994); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Ethiopia	Present, Few occurrences	Tadesse et al. (1999); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Ghana	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Kenya	Present	Bock et al. (1975); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Madagascar	Present	EPPO (2020)
Mauritius	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Morocco	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Nigeria	Present	Atiri (1985); CABI and EPPO (2002); Kayode et al. (2014); EPPO (2020)
Réunion	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Sierra Leone	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
South Africa	Present, Widespread	Brand and Wechmar (1993); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Sudan	Present	Magid (1991); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Tanzania	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Togo	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Tunisia	Present	M'nari et al. (1993); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Uganda	Present	EPPO (2020)
Zambia	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Zimbabwe	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Antarctica
Antarctica	Present	Polischuk et al. (2007)
Asia
Afghanistan	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Azerbaijan	Present	EPPO (2020)
Bangladesh	Present	Akanda et al. (1991); CABI and EPPO (2002); Bagewadi et al. (2015); EPPO (2020)
China	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); Hu et al. (2016); EPPO (2020)
-Anhui	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); Wei et al. (2015); EPPO (2020)
-Beijing	Present	EPPO (2020)
-Chongqing	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); Peng HaoRan et al. (2015); EPPO (2020)
-Fujian	Present	Kearney et al. (1990); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Gansu	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Guangdong	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Guangxi	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Guizhou	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Hainan	Present	Cao YanYong et al. (2008)
-Hebei	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); Chen et al. (2014); EPPO (2020)
-Heilongjiang	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Henan	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Hubei	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); Liu et al. (2014); EPPO (2020)
-Hunan	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Inner Mongolia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Jiangsu	Present	Zhu et al. (1992); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Jiangxi	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Jilin	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Liaoning	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Qinghai	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Shaanxi	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Shandong	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Shanxi	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); Du et al. (2014); EPPO (2020)
-Sichuan	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Tianjin	Present	Li ShuJu et al. (2004)
-Xinjiang	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Yunnan	Present	Shong et al. (1990); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Zhejiang	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Georgia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Hong Kong	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
India	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Andhra Pradesh	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Bihar	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Delhi	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Gujarat	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Haryana	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Himachal Pradesh	Present	Sharma and Chowfla (1986); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Karnataka	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Kerala	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
-Madhya Pradesh	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Maharashtra	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Odisha	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Punjab	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Rajasthan	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Sikkim	Present	EPPO (2020)
-Tamil Nadu	Present	Mohan and Lakshmanan (1988); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Uttar Pradesh	Present	Rao et al. (1995); CABI and EPPO (2002); Muzafar Sheikh et al. (2013); EPPO (2020)
-West Bengal	Present	Ghosh and Mukhopadhyay (1979); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Indonesia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); Damayanti et al. (2010); EPPO (2020)
-Java	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Iran	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); Saidi and Safaeizadeh (2011); Saidi and Safaeizadeh (2012); Arafati et al. (2013); Eyvazi et al. (2015); Shahmohammadi et al. (2015); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Iraq	Present	Fegla et al. (1981); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Israel	Present	Gera (1994); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Japan	Present, Widespread	Nakamura et al. (1994); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Hokkaido	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Honshu	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Kyushu	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Ryukyu Islands	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Shikoku	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Jordan	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Kazakhstan	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Kuwait	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Kyrgyzstan	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Lebanon	Present	Katul and Makkouk (1987); CABI and EPPO (2002); Choueiri et al. (2015); EPPO (2020)
Malaysia	Present	Doon (1991); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Peninsular Malaysia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Sabah	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Sarawak	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Nepal	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Oman	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Pakistan	Present	Bashir and Malik (1993); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Philippines	Present	Xuan et al. (1988); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Saudi Arabia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Singapore	Present, Few occurrences	Yik (1994); AVA (2001); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
South Korea	Present	Yoon (1987); Lee SangYong et al. (1997); CABI and EPPO (2002); Choi et al. (2014); EPPO (2020)
Sri Lanka	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Syria	Present	Katul and Makkouk (1987); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Taiwan	Present	Chen et al. (1995); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Tajikistan	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Thailand	Present	Chandrasrikul and Patrakosol (1986); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Turkey	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); Ergün et al. (2013); Șevİk and Balkaya (2015); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Uzbekistan	Present, Localized	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Vietnam	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Yemen	Present	Alhubaishi et al. (1987); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Europe
Austria	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Belarus	Present	Ambrosov (1980); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Belgium	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); Trkulja et al. (2013); EPPO (2020)
Bulgaria	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Croatia	Present, Widespread	Krajačič and Juretić (1993); Juretić et al. (1996); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Cyprus	Present, Widespread	Ioannou (1985); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Czechia	Present, Widespread	Polák and Sirový (1995); Polák (1996); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Denmark	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Estonia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Finland	Present, Localized	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
France	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Germany	Present, Widespread	Haack (1986); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Greece	Present, Widespread	Kyriakopoulou (1992); Varveri and Boutsika (1999); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
-Crete	Present	Vovlas et al. (1994)
Hungary	Present	Salamon et al. (1989); CABI and EPPO (2002); Salamon et al. (2013); EPPO (2020)
Ireland	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Italy	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
-Sicily	Present	D'Urso et al. (2000)
Latvia	Present	Ignash (1977); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Lithuania	Present	Stanyulis et al. (1977); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Malta	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Moldova	Present	Koev et al. (1984); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Montenegro	Present	Zindović et al. (2007)
Netherlands	Present, Widespread	Bouwen et al. (1978); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
North Macedonia	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Poland	Present	Frencel and Pospieszny (1985); Miczyński et al. (1997); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Portugal	Present	Leitão et al. (1996); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Romania	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Russia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Central Russia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Northern Russia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Russian Far East	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Southern Russia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Serbia	Present, Widespread	EPPO (2020); Milojević et al. (2014); Milošević et al. (2015); Milojević et al. (2016)
Serbia and Montenegro	Present, Widespread	Subašić et al. (1990); CABI and EPPO (2002)
Slovakia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Slovenia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Spain	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Sweden	Present	Akius (1983); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Switzerland	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Ukraine	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); Shevchenko et al. (2015); EPPO (2020)
United Kingdom	Present, Widespread	Pemberton and Frost (1986); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
North America
Antigua and Barbuda	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Barbados	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Bermuda	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Canada	Present, Localized	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-British Columbia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Ontario	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Quebec	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Costa Rica	Present	Rivera et al. (1991); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Cuba	Present	Castro et al. (1992); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Dominica	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Dominican Republic	Present	Baker and Zettler (1988); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
El Salvador	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Grenada	Present	Chatzivassiliou et al. (2016)
Guadeloupe	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Haiti	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Honduras	Present	Espinoza and McLeod (1994); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Jamaica	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Martinique	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Mexico	Present	Delgado Sanchez (1974); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Montserrat	Present	Thomas (1981); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Panama	Present	Herrera-Vásquez et al. (2009); EPPO (2020)
Puerto Rico	Present	Meiners et al. (1977); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Trinidad and Tobago	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
United States	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Alabama	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Arizona	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Arkansas	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-California	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
-Connecticut	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Delaware	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Florida	Present	Kucharek et al. (1998); CABI and EPPO (2002); Babu et al. (2014); EPPO (2020)
-Georgia	Present	Gillaspie et al. (1998); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Hawaii	Present	Hu et al. (1995); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Idaho	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Illinois	Present	Weinzierl (1995); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Indiana	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Iowa	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Kansas	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Kentucky	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Louisiana	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Maine	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Maryland	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Massachusetts	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Michigan	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Minnesota	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Mississippi	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Missouri	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Montana	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Nebraska	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-New Hampshire	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-New Jersey	Present	Smith and Davis (1986); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-New Mexico	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-New York	Present	Rist and Lorbeer (1991); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-North Carolina	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Ohio	Present	Nameth and Steininger (1997); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Oklahoma	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Oregon	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Pennsylvania	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-South Carolina	Present	Flasinski et al. (1995); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Tennessee	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Texas	Present	Wilson and Halliwell (1985); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Utah	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Vermont	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Virginia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Washington	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Wisconsin	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Oceania
American Samoa	Present	Brooks (2002); EPPO (2020)
Australia	Present, Widespread	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-New South Wales	Present	Perry et al. (1993); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Queensland	Present	Shukla et al. (1980); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-South Australia	Present	Alberts et al. (1985); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Tasmania	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Victoria	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Western Australia	Present	Tapscott and Cowling (1995); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Cook Islands	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Federated States of Micronesia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Fiji	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
French Polynesia	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Kiribati	Present	Shanmuganathan (1980); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
New Zealand	Present, Widespread	Cameron et al. (1992); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Niue	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Samoa	Present	Gerlach (1988); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Solomon Islands	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Tonga	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Vanuatu	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
South America
Argentina	Present	Atencio et al. (1997); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Brazil	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Ceara	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Espirito Santo	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Goias	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Maranhao	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Mato Grosso do Sul	Present	Bergmann et al. (2002)
-Minas Gerais	Present	Zambolim et al. (1994); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Para	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Parana	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
-Pernambuco	Present	Bergmann et al. (2002)
-Piaui	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
-Rio de Janeiro	Present	Boari et al. (2000)
-Sao Paulo	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Chile	Present	Castro and Sandoval B. (1998); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Colombia	Present	Jayasinghe (1982); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020)
Ecuador	Present	Soler et al. (2005); EPPO (2020)
French Guiana	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Guyana	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Suriname	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated)
Venezuela	Present	CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2020); CABI (Undated);

Growth Stages

Top of page Flowering stage, Fruiting stage, Seedling stage, Vegetative growing stage

List of Symptoms/Signs

Top of page

Sign	Life Stages	Type
Fruit / abnormal patterns
Fruit / abnormal shape
Fruit / discoloration
Fruit / lesions: black or brown
Fruit / reduced size
Leaves / abnormal colours
Leaves / abnormal forms
Leaves / abnormal patterns
Leaves / necrotic areas
Whole plant / dwarfing

Vectors and Intermediate Hosts

Top of page

Vector	Reference	Group	Distribution
Acyrthosiphon kondoi		Insect	Australia
Aphis craccivora		Insect
Aphis glycines		Insect
Aphis gossypii	Palukaitis and Garciá-Arenal, 2003.	Insect
Aphis spiraecola		Insect
Aulacorthum solani	Contangelo et al., 1994.	Insect
Lipaphis erysimi	Blackman and Eastop, 2000.	Insect
Macrosiphum euphorbiae	Raccah et al., 1985.	Insect
Myzus persicae	Palukaitis and Garciá-Arenal, 2003.	Insect
Planococcus citri		Insect

References

Top of page

Afouda LAC; Kotchofa R; Sare R; Zinsou V; Winter S, 2013. Occurrence and distribution of viruses infecting tomato and pepper in Alibori in northern Benin. Phytoparasitica, 41(3):271-276. http://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12600-013-0287-z

Afreen B; Khan AA; Naqvi QA; Kumar S; Pratap D; Snehi SK; Raj SK, 2009. Molecular identification of a Cucumber mosaic virus subgroup II isolate from carrot (Daucus carota) based on RNA3 genome sequence analyses. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 116(5):193-199. http://www.jpdp-online.com

Ahoonmanesh A; Alavi V; Mosahebi Mohammadi GH, 1997. Concurrent presence of cucumber mosaic virus serotypes in certain tomato growing areas of Iran. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 33(3/4):38-41 (En); 111-125 (Pe); 25 ref.

Akanda AM; Tsuno K; Maeda T; Wakimoto S, 1991. Cucumber mosaic virus in Bangladesh. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 35(3-4):151-159

Akius M, 1983. Dahlia and cucumber mosaic viruses isolated from dahlias. Vaxtskyddsnotiser, 47(4):68-71

Alberts E; Hannay J; Randles JW, 1985. An epidemic of cucumber mosaic virus in South Australian lupins. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 36(2):267-273

Alhubaishi AA; Walkey DGA; Webb MJW; Bolland CJ; Cook AA, 1987. A survey of horticultural plant virus diseases in the Yemen Arab Republic. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin, 35(4):135-143

Al-Musa A; Mansour A, 1983. Plant viruses affecting tomatoes in Jordan. Identification and prevalence. Phytopathologische Zeitschrift, 106(2):186-190

Alonso-Prados JL; Aranda MA; Malpica JM; Garcfa-Arenal F; Fraile A, 1998. Satellite RNA of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus spreads epidemically in natural populations of its helper virus. Phytopathology, 88(6):520-524; 25 ref.

Al-Shahwan IM; Abdalla OA; Al-Saleh MA, 1998. Potato viruses in central Saudi Arabia. Journal of King Saud University, Agricultural Sciences, 10(1):45-53; 17 ref.

Ambrosov AL, 1980. The diagnosis of viruses of clover. Zashchita Rastenii, No.6:38

Arafati N; Farzadfar S; Pourrahim R, 2013. Characterization of coat protein gene of Cucumber mosaic virus isolates in Iran. Iranian Journal of Biotechnology, 11(2):109-114, 132. http://ijb.nigeb.ac.ir

Atencio FA; Gracia O; Mendoza EEA; Zandomeni R; Grau O, 1997. Detection of both subgroups I and II of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus and their satellite RNAs on pepper in Argentina. Plant Disease, 81(6):695; 1 ref.

Atiri GI, 1985. An isolate of cucumber mosaic virus from fluted pumpkin in Nigeria. Phytopathologische Zeitschrift, 114(3):268-273

AVA, 2001. Diagnostic records of the Plant Health Diagnostic Services, Plant Health Centre, Agri-food & Veterinary Authority, Singapore.

Babu B; Dankers H; Paret ML, 2014. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus associated with Capsicum chinense var. Scotch Bonnet in Florida. Plant Disease, 98(7):1016. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Bagewadi B; Hossain MS; Fayad A; Naidu RA, 2015. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus from eggplant (Solanum melongena) in Bangladesh. Plant Disease, 99(2):293. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Bagger O, 1976. 93rd Annual Report. Plantesygdomme i Danmark, 73 pp.

Baker CA; Zettler FW, 1988. Viruses infecting wild and cultivated species of the Commelinaceae. Plant Disease, 72(6):513-518

Barbosa CJ, 1997. Survey of vegetable viruses in the North of Paranß. Summa Phytopathologica, 23(3/4):254-257; 19 ref.

Bashir M; Malik BA, 1993. Natural occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus in chickpea in Pakistan. International Chickpea Newsletter, No. 29, 10.

Basky Zs, 1981. Role of aphids in virus transmission in cucumber seed production. Zoldsegtermesztesi Kutato Intezet Bulletinje, 15:67-80

Bergmann JC; Araujo J; Eiras M; Colariccio A; Chaves ALR; Chagas CM, 2002. Partial characterization of Cucumber mosaic virus isolates from northeastern and central-western Brazil. (Caracterização parcial de isolados do Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus provenientes do nordeste e centro-oeste do Brasil.) Arquivos do Instituto Biológico (São Paulo), 69(Suplemento, Resumos expandidos):169-171. http://www.biologico.sp.gov.br/ARQUIVOS/V69_supl_RE/BERGMANN.PDF

Blackman RL; Eastop VF, 2000. Aphids on the world's crops: an identification and information guide. Aphids on the world's crops: an identification and information guide., Ed. 2:x + 466 pp.; 39 pp. of ref.

Blanchard CL; Boyce PM; Anderson BJ, 1996. Cucumber mosaic virus RNA 5 is a mixed population derived from the conserved 3-terminal regions of genomic RNAs 2 and 3. Virology (New York), 217(2):598-601; 25 ref.

Boari AJ; Maciel-Zambolim E; Carvalho MG; Zerbini FM, 2000. Molecular and biological characterization of isolates of satellite RNAs associated with cucumber mosaic virus. (Caracterização molecular e biológica de isolados de RNA satélite associados ao Cucumber mosaic virus.) Fitopatologia Brasileira, 25(2):143-148.

Bock KR; Guthrie EJ; Pearson MN, 1975. Notes on East African plant virus diseases 9. Cucumber mosaic virus. East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal, 41(1):81-84

Bouwen I; Wit AJ; Dijkstra J, 1978. Cucumber mosaic virus isolated from Yucca flaccida. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology, 84(5):175-183

Brand RJ; Wechmar MBvon, 1993. Characterization of two viruses implicated in the woodiness disease complex of South African passionfruit: cucumber mosaic virus and a new potyvirus. Journal of the Southern African Society for Horticultural Sciences, 3(1):28-33

Bratsch S; Mollov D; Lockhart B; Johnson D; Ehlenbeck S, 2015. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus infection in pachysandra in the United States. Plant Disease, 99(3):422. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Brooks F, 2002. List of Plant Diseases in American Samoa 2002. Land Grant Technical Report No. 44. Pago Pago, American Samoa: American Samoa Community College Land Grant Program.

Brunt AA; Crabtree K; Dallwitz MJ; Gibbs AJ; Watson L (eds), 1996. Viruses of plants. Descriptions and lists from the VIDE database. Wallingford, UK: CAB INTERNATIONAL, 1484 pp.

Bwye AM; Jones RAC; Proudlove W, 1994. Effects of sowing seed with different levels of infection, plant density and the growth stage at which plants first develop symptoms on cucumber mosaic-virus infection of narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius). Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 45(7):1395-1412

Bwye AM; Jones RAC; Proudlove W, 1999. Effects of different cultural practices on spread of cucumber mosaic virus in narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius). Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 50(6):985-996; 44 ref.

CABI/EPPO, 2002. Cucumber mosaic virus. Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No. 866. Wallingford, UK: CAB International.

Cameron PJ; Herman TJB; Fletcher JD, 1992. Incidence of thrips and aphids as potential virus vectors in field tomatoes. Proceedings of the Forty Fifth New Zealand Plant Protection Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, 11-13 August 1992 [edited by Popay, A. J.] Rotorua, New Zealand; New Zealand Plant Protection Society, 38-42

Cao YanYong; Shi Yan; Fan ZaiFeng; Song LiMin; Tian GuoZhong, 2008. Isolation and identification of the pathogen that causes mosaic on periwinkle. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 44(4):60-68. http://lyke.chinajournal.net.cn

Castro M; Alonso X; Garcia E, 1992. Detection and characterization of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) from pepper plants (Capsicum annuum) in Cuba. Proteccion de Plantas, 2(1):7-14

Castro R; Sandoval BC, 1998. Virus diseases affecting tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) in South-Central Chile. Agro-Ciencia, 14(2):289-292; 8 ref.

Chandrasrikul A; Patrakosol P, 1986. Virus diseases of horticultural crops in Thailand. Plant virus diseases of horticultural crops in the tropics and subtropics Taipei, Taiwan; Food and Fertilizer Technology Centre for the Asian and Pacific Region, 7-11

Chatzivassiliou EK; Giakountis A; Testa A; Kienle U; Jungbluth T, 2016. Natural infection of Stevia rebaudiana by Cucumber mosaic virus in Spain and by Sclerotium rolfsii in Greece. Plant Disease, 100(5):1029. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Chen B; Francki RIB, 1990. Cucumovirus transmission by the aphid Myzus persicae is determined solely by the viral coat protein. Journal of General Virology, 71(4):939-944

Chen B; Randles JW; Francki RIB, 1995. Mixed-subunit capsids can be assembled in vitro with coat protein subunits from two cucumoviruses. Journal of General Virology, 76(4):971-973

Chen JH; Li DB, 1990. A preliminary study of a potyvirus and cucumber mosaic virus infecting Dahlia pinnata. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Zhejiangensis, 16(Suppl. 2):78-82

Chen L; Shang QX; Chen XY; Xing DM; Yang R; Han CG; Ran C; Wei YM; Zhao XY; Liu ZP, 2014. First report on the occurrence of Cucumber mosaic virus on Fragaria ananassa in China. Plant Disease, 98(7):1015. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Chen ShaoNing; Gu Hao; Wang XiaoMing; Chen JiShuang; Zhu WeiMin, 2011. Multiplex RT-PCR detection of Cucumber mosaic virus subgroups and Tobamoviruses infecting tomato using 18S rRNA as an internal control. Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica, 43(6):465-471. http://abbs.oxfordjournals.org/

Chen YK; Chen CC; Ko WF; Chen MJ, 1995. Isolation and identification of cucumber mosaic virus from larkspur. Plant Protection Bulletin (Taipei), 37(3):319-330; 29 ref.

Chen YuhKun; Lohuis D; Goldbach R; Prins M, 2004. High frequency induction of RNA-mediated resistance against Cucumber mosaic virus using inverted repeat constructs. Molecular Breeding, 14(3):215-226.

Choi SK; Cho IS; Choi GS; Yoon JY, 2014. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus in Cathranthus roseus in Korea. Plant Disease, 98(9):1283-1284. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Choi SK; Choi JK; Park WM; Ryu KH, 1999. RT-PCR detection and identification of three species of cucumoviruses with a genus-specific single pair of primers. Journal of Virological methods, 83:67-73.

Choueiri E; Freiji A; Kubaa RA; Elbeaino T, 2015. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus and Olive latent ringspot virus on olive trees in Lebanon. Journal of Plant Pathology, 97(1):221. http://sipav.org/main/jpp/index.php/jpp/article/view/3269

Contangelo P; Camele I; Malinconico P; Rana GL, 1994. Epidemiological studies and control trials against CMV in Basilicata. (Studi epidemiologici e prove di lotta riguardanti CMV in Basilicata.) Informatore Agrario, 50(29):49-55.

D' Amato A; Giordano I; Pentangelo A; Bieche BJ, 1994. Irrigation of processing tomato in relation to availability of water in the soil or to different mET reintegration. Fifth international symposium on the processing tomato, Sorrento, Italy, 23 27 November 1993. Acta Horticulturae, No. 376, 307-312.

Damayanti TA; Alabi OJ; Rauf A; Naidu RA, 2010. The occurrence of Bean common mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus in yardlong beans in Indonesia. Plant Disease, 94(4):478. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Davies C; Symons RH, 1988. Further implications for the evolutionary relationships between tripartite plant viruses based on cucumber mosaic virus RNA 3. Virology (New York), 165(1):216-224

Davis RI; Brown JF; Pone SP, 1996. Causal relationship between cucumber mosaic cucumovirus and kava dieback in the South Pacific. Plant Disease, 80(2):194-198; 15 ref.

Delgado Sanchez S, 1974. Viruses attacking capsicum crops in Mexico; their implications, identification, transmission and control measures. Agricultura Tecnica en Mexico, 3(9):317-325

Deng TC; Tsai CH; Tsai HL; Liao JY; Huang WC, 2010. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus on Vigna marina in Taiwan. Plant Disease, 94(10):1267. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Diaz-Pendon JA; Li F; Li WX; Ding SW, 2007. Suppression of antiviral silencing by cucumber mosaic virus 2b protein in Arabidopsis is associated with drastically reduced accumulation of three classes of viral small interfering RNAs. Plant Cell, 19(6):2053-2063. http://www.plantcell.org/

Ding ShouWei; Li WanXiang; Symons RH, 1995. A novel naturally occurring hybrid gene encoded by a plant RNA virus facilitates long distance virus movement. EMBO Journal, 14(23):5762-5772; 61 ref.

Ding SW; Anderson BJ; Haase HR; Symons RH, 1994. New overlapping gene encoded by the cucumber mosaic virus genome. Virology (New York), 198(2):593-601

Ding SW; Shi BJ; Li WX; Symons RH, 1996. An interspecies hybrid RNA is significantly more virulent than either parental virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 93, 7470-7474.

Doon Y, 1991. Bunchy top and cucumber mosaic virus diseases of bananas. MAPPS Newsletter, 15(2):22

Du J; Zhang CM; Niu YB, 2014. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus in Agastache rugosa in China. Plant Disease, 98(11):1589. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

D'Urso F; Davino M; Davino S; Polizzi G, 2000. Epiphytics of the necrogenic strain of cucumber mosaic virus in Sicily and Calabria. (Epifizie di ceppi necrogenici del virus del mosaico del cetriolo in Sicilia e Calabria.) Informatore Fitopatologico, 50(7/8):62-64.

Elliott MS; Zettler FW; Zimmerman MT; Barnett OWJr; LeGrande MD, 1996. Problems with interpretation of serological assays in a virus survey of orchid species from Puerto Rico, Ecuador, and Florida. Plant Disease, 80(10):1160-1164; 27 ref.

El-Maataoui M; Ameziane-El Hassani A, 1984. Cucumber mosaic virus of chickpea in Morocco. International Chickpea Newsletter, No.10:14-15

Eni AO; Hughes Jd'A; Rey MEC, 2008. Survey of the incidence and distribution of five viruses infecting yams in the major yam-producing zones in Benin. Annals of Applied Biology, 153(2):223-232. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/120119752/HTMLSTART

EPPO, 2014. PQR database. Paris, France: European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. http://www.eppo.int/DATABASES/pqr/pqr.htm

Ergün M; Erkan S; Paylan IC, 2013. Cucumber mosaic virus in globe artichoke in Turkey. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 35(4):514-517. http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tcjp20

Espfn A; Alcßzar MD; Egea C; Candela ME, 1994. Defensive response of two Capsicum annuum cultivars of different sensitivity to an isolate of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Fitopatologi^acute~a, 29(3):178-187; 23 ref.

Espinoza HR; McLeod PJ, 1994. Use of row cover in cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.) to delay infection of aphid-transmitted viruses in Honduras. Turrialba, 44(3):179-183

Estelitta S; Radhakrishnan TC; Paul TS, 1996. Infectious chlorosis disease of banana in Kerala. Infomusa, 5(2):25-26; 4 ref.

Eyvazi A; Dizadji A; Rastgou M; Habibi MK, 2015. Bioassay and phylogeny of five Iranian isolates of Cucumber mosaic virus from different hosts based on CP gene sequence. Plant Protection Science, 51(4):200-207. http://www.agriculturejournals.cz/publicFiles/162102.pdf

Fegla GT; Shawkat ALB; Mohammed SY, 1981. Certain viruses affecting cowpea and their effect on growth and root nodulation of cowpea plants. Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture, 16(1):137-152

Finch JT; Klug A; Van Regenmortel MHV, 1967. The structure of cucumber mosaic virus. Journal of Molecular Biology, 24:303-305.

Fisher JR, 2013. Identification of a Cucumber mosaic virus subgroup II strain associated with virus-like symptoms on Hosta in Ohio. Plant Health Progress, No.January:PHP-2013-123-01-BR. http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/php/elements/sum.aspx?id=10513&photo=5895

Flasinski S; Scott SW; Barnett OW; Sun C, 1995. Diseases of Peperomia, Impatiens, and Hibbertia caused by cucumber mosaic virus. Plant Disease, 79(8):843-848

Fletcher JD; Russell AC; Butler RC, 1999. Seed-borne cucumber mosaic virus in New Zealand lentil crops: yield effects and disease incidence. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 27:197-204.

Ford RE; Beczner L; Hamilton RI, 1988. Turnip, cucumber, and ribgrass mosaic viruses isolated from Hesperis matronalis in British Columbia. Plant Disease, 72(2):101-106

Fraile A; Alonso-Prados JL; Aranda MA; Bernal JJ; Malpica JM; Garcfa-Arenal F, 1997. Genetic exchange by recombination or reassortment is infrequent in natural populations of a tripartite RNA plant virus. Journal of Virology, 71(2):934-940; 56 ref.

Francki RIB; Habili N, 1972. Stabilization of capsid structure and enhancement of immunogenicity of cucumber mosaic virus (Q strain) by formaldehyde. Virology, 48:309-315.

Francki RIB; Randles JW; Chambers TC; Wilson SB, 1966. Some properties of purified cucumber mosaic virus (Q strain). Virology, 28:729-741.

Frencel I; Pospieszny H, 1985. Viruses in natural infections of yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) in Poland. V. Cucumber mosaic virus. Acta Phytopathologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricp, 20(1/2):87-90

Fuchs M; Provvidenti R; Slightom JL; Gonsalves D, 1996. Evaluation of transgenic tomato plants expressing the coat protein gene of cucumber mosaic virus strain WL under field conditions. Plant Disease, 80(3):270-275; 35 ref.

Gallitelli D, 2000. The ecology of cucumber mosaic virus and sustainable agriculture. Virus Research, 71: 9-21.

Gauhl F; Pasberg-Gauhl C; Bopda-Waffo A; Hughes Jd'A; Chen JS, 1999. Occurrence of banana streak badnavirus on plantain and banana in 45 villages in southern Cameroon, Central Africa. Zeitschrift fu^umlaut~r Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, 106(2):174-180; 17 ref.

Geering A, 1992. The epidemiology of cucumber mosaic virus in narrow-leaved lupins (Lupinus angustifolius), PhD Thesis. Australia: University of Adelaide.

Geetanjali AS; Rakesh Kumar; Srivastava PS; Bikash Mandal, 2011. Biological and molecular characterization of two distinct tomato strains of Cucumber mosaic virus based on complete RNA-3 genome and subgroup specific diagnosis. Indian Journal of Virology, 22(2):117-126. http://www.springerlink.com/content/5j7253104l3n9447/

Gera A; Mokra V; Brunt A; Derks T; Zaayen A van; (editors), 1994. The natural occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus in ornamentals in Israel. Eighth international symposium on virus diseases of ornamental plants, held in Prague, Czech Republic, 24 28 August 1992. Acta Horticulturae, No. 377, 99-106.

Gerlach WWP, 1988. Plant diseases of Western Samoa. Apia, Western Samoa: Samoan German Crop Protection Project, 215 pp.

Ghosh SK; Mukhopadhyay S, 1979. Incidence of squirting cucumber mosaic virus of cucumber in West Bengal. Current Science, 48(17):788

Gielen J; Ultzen T; Bontems S; Loots W; Vanschepen A; Westerbroek A; Dehaan P; Vangrinsven M, 1996. Coat protein-mediated protection to cucumber mosaic virus infections in cultivated tomato. Euphytica, 88:139-149.

Gillaspie AGJr; Hajimorad MR; Ghabrial SA, 1998. Characterization of a severe strain of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus seedborne in cowpea. Plant Disease, 82(4):419-422; 19 ref.

Giorgadze RD; Nikolaishvili AA; Dzimistarishvili NB, 1988. Cucumber mosaic virus on pink Catharanthus. Subtropicheskie Kul'tury, No. 1:132-135.

Haack I, 1986. A contribution to the ecology of the cucumber mosaic virus. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 21(3-4):279-286

Habili N; Francki RIB, 1974. Comparative studies on tomato aspermy and cucumber mosaic viruses III. Further studies on relationship and construction of a virus from parts of the two viral genomes. Virology, 61(2):443-449

Habili N; Symons RH, 1989. Evolutionary relationship between luteoviruses and other RNA plant viruses based on sequence motifs in their putative RNA polymerases and nucleic acid helicases. Nucleic Acids Research, 17(23):9543-9555

Hampton RO; Francki RIB, 1992. RNA-1 dependent seed transmissibility of cucumber mosaic virus in Phaseolus vulgaris. Phytopathology, 82(2):127-130

Hareesh PS; Madhubala R; Bhat AI, 2006. Characterization of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting Indian long pepper (Piper longum L.) and betel vine (Piper betle L.) in India. Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 5(1):89-93. http://www.niscair.res.in

Havelda Z; Maule AJ, 2000. Complex spatial responses to cucumber mosaic virus infection in susceptible Cucurbita pepo cotyledons. Plant Cell, 12(10):1975-1985; 25 ref.

Hayes RJ; Buck KW, 1990. Complete replication of a eukaryotic virus RNA in vitro by a purified RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Cell (Cambridge), 63(2):363-368

Hellwald KH; Glenewinkel D, 1999. A new genotype within cucumber mosaic virus subgroup I: molecular characterization of the polymerase encoding RNA 2 and its capability to overcome replicase-mediated resistance. Journal of Phytopathology, 147(11-12):671-677; 19 ref.

Henderson DC; Reinsel MD; Fischer KF; Hammond J, 2014. First detection of Ligustrum necrotic ringspot virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, and Alternanthera mosaic virus in Mazus reptans in the United States. Plant Disease, 98(10):1446. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Herrera-Vásquez JA; Alfaro-Fernández A; Córdoba-Sellés MC; Cebrián MC; Font MI; Jordá C, 2009. First report of tomato torrado virus infecting tomato in single and mixed infections with Cucumber mosaic virus in Panama. Plant Disease, 93(2):198. HTTP://www.apsnet.org

Horvath J, 1983. The role of some plants in the ecology of cucumber mosaic virus with special regard to bean. Acta Phytopathologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 18(4):217-224

Hosseinzadeh H; Nasrollanejad S; Khateri H, 2012. First report of cucumber mosaic virus subgroups i and ii on soybean, pea, and eggplant in Iran, 45(16):1884-1890.

Hsu HT; Barzuna L; Hsu YH; Bliss W; Perry KL, 2000. Identification and subgrouping of cucumber mosaic virus with mouse monoclonal antibodies. Phytopathology, 90(6):615-620; 31 ref.

Hu JS; Li HP; Barry K; Wang M; Jordan R, 1995. Comparison of dot blot, ELISA, and RT-PCR assays for the detection of two cucumber mosaic virus infecting banana in Hawaii. Plant Disease, 79(9):902-906

Hu Y; Shi HW; Jing CC; Li K; Sun XC; Zhou CY; Qing L, 2016. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting apple in China. Journal of Plant Pathology, 98(1):181. http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/index.php/jpp/article/view/3492

Ignash YaR, 1977. Comparative characteristics of some representatives of the cucumber mosaic virus group isolated in the Latvian SSR. Tr. Biol.-Pochven. Inst. Dal'nevost. Nauch. Tsentr AN SSSR, No.46/149:193/197

Ioannou N, 1985. Yellow leaf curl and other virus diseases of tomato in Cyprus. Plant Pathology, 34(3):428-434

Jayasinghe WU, 1982. Chlorotic mottle of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Chlorotic mottle of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). CIAT Cali Colombia, 156 pp.

Jones RAC, 2000. Determining 'threshold' levels for seed-borne virus infection in seed stocks. Virus Research, 71(1/2):171-183; 52 ref.

Jones RAC; Coutts BA, 1996. Alfalfa mosaic and cucumber mosaic virus infection in chickpea and lentil: incidence and seed transmission. Annals of Applied Biology, 129(3):491-506; 54 ref.

Jones RAC; Cowling WA, 1995. Resistance to seed transmission of cucumber mosaic virus in narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius). Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 46(7):1339-1352; 32 ref.

Juretic N; Mamula ; Plese N, 1996. Plant viruses in soil and water of some forest ecosystems in Croatia with a review of viruses found in forest and ornamental woody plants. S^hacek~umarski List, 120(11-12):477-485; 43 ref.

Kaminska M, 1995. Natural occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus in Impatiens sp. `New Guinea'. Phytopathologia Polonica, No. 22, 21-27.

Kaper JM, 1995. Role of satellites in viral pathogenesis: Nested parasitic nucleic acids competing for expression. In: Singh RP, Singh US, Kohmoto K, eds. Pathogenesis and Host Specificity in Plant Diseases. Histopathological, Biochemical, Genetic and Molecular Bases. Volume III: Viruses and Viroids. UK: Pergamon, 373-392.

Kaper JM; Waterworth HE, 1981. Cucumoviruses. In: Kurstak E, ed. Handbook of Plant Virus Infections and Comparative Diagnosis. Amsterdam, North Holland: Elsevier, 257-332.

Karasawa A; Okada I; Akashi K; Chida Y; Hase S; Nakazawa-Nasu Y; Ito A; Ehara Y, 1999. One amino acid change in cucumber mosaic virus RNA polymerase determines virulent/avirulent phenotypes on cowpea. Phytopathology, 89(12):1186-1192; 25 ref.

Katul L; Makkouk KM, 1987. Occurrence and serological relatedness of five cucurbit potyviruses in Lebanon and Syria. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 26(1):36-42

Kawai A; Kimura S; Nishio T; Nagao N, 1985. Detection for cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in cucumber seeds using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Research Bulletin of the Plant Protection Service, Japan, No.21:47-53

Kaya A; Erkan S, 2011. Detection and incidence of viruses in cucurbits grown in Izmir, Aydin, Manisa and Balikesir provinces. (Izmir, Aydin, Manisa ve Balikesir illerinde üretilen kabakgillerdeki viral etmenlerin tanilanmasi ve yayginliklarinin belirlenmesi.) Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 51(4):387-405. http://www.ziraimucadele.gov.tr

Kayode AB; Odu BO; Ako-Nai KA; Alabi OJ, 2014. Occurrence of Cucumber mosaic virus subgroups IA and IB isolates in tomatoes in Nigeria. Plant Disease, 98(12):1750. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Kearney CM; Gonsalves D; Provvidenti R, 1990. A severe strain of cucumber mosaic virus from China and its associated satellite RNA. Plant Disease, 74(10):819-823

Koev GV; Savva VG; Ermicheva IF, 1984. Diseases and pests of asters and their control under Moldavian conditions. Sadovodstvo, Vinogradarstvo i Vinodelie Moldavii, No. 9:41-44.

Kohl RJ; Hall TC, 1974. Aminoacylation of RNA from several viruses: amino acid specificity and differential activity of plant, yeast and bacterial synthetases. Journal of General Virology, 25(2):257-261

Koklu G; Digiaro M; Sabanadzovic S; Savino V, 1999. Natural infections by cucumber mosaic virus in Turkish grapevines. Phytopathologia-Mediterranea, 38:33-36.

Kouadio KT; Agneroh TA; Kesse TF; Soro K, 2015. Contribution to the inventory of host plants of Cucumber mosaic virus in the district of Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast. (Contribution à l'inventaire des plantes hôtes du virus de la mosaïque du concombre dans la commune de Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire.) International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 9(4):1950-1961. http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ijbcs/article/view/127133

Kouadio KT; Clerck Cde; Agneroh TA; Parisi O; Lepoivre P; Jijakli MH, 2014. Occurrence of satellite RNAs associated with Cucumber mosaic virus isolated from banana (Musa sp.) in Ivory Coast. New Disease Reports, 30:24. http://www.ndrs.org.uk/article.php?id=030024

Krajacic M; Juretic N, 1993. Natural infection of Swiss chard by cucumber mosaic virus in Croatia. Petria, 3(2):93-98

Krstic B; Tosic M; Stojanovic G; Vico I, 1997. Purification of some plant viruses by the improved chloroform-evaporation method. Zas^hacek~tita Bilja, 48(4):239-244; 14 ref.

Kucharek TA; Purcifull DE; Christie RG; Perkins KD, 1998. The association of severe epidemics of cucumber mosaic in commercial fields of pepper and tobacco in north Florida with inoculum in Commelina benghalensis and C. communis. Plant Disease, 82(10):1172; 2 ref.

Kyriakopoulou PE, 1992. Tomato shrinkage: due to cucumber mosaic virus. Recent advances in vegetable virus research. 7th Conference ISHS Vegetable Virus Working Group, Athens, Greece, July 12-16, 1992 Volos, Greece; Ores Publishing, 37-39

Lee SangYong; Park SunJung; Choi JangKyung, 1997. Characterization of an isolate of cucumber mosaic virus from forsythia (Forsythia koreana Nakai.). Korean Journal of Plant Pathology, 13(5):358-363.

Leitao FA; Serrano JF; Potes MF; Clara MIE; Rei FT; Gentil-Pinto A, 1996. Studies on clonal selection of olive cv. "Negrinha" in the province of Trßs-os-Montes. Oliv, No. 62:38-45; 22 ref.

Lewsey MG; González I; Kalinina NO; Palukaitis P; Canto T; Carr JP, 2010. Symptom induction and RNA silencing suppression by the cucumber mosaic virus 2b protein. Plant Signaling and Behavior, 5(6):705-708. http://www.landesbioscience.com/journals/psb/article/11643/#

Li ShuJu; Wang HuiZhe; Huo ZhenRong; Pang JinAn, 2004. Detection of main causal virus in cucumber by RT-PCR. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 19(3):100-102.

Lima Neto V da C; Lima MLRZ da C; Souza VBVde, 1988. Occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus in tomatoes. Revista do Setor de Ciencias Agrarias, 10(1-2):49-51

Lin ChingYi; Ku HsinMei; Chiang YiHua; Ho HsiuYin; Yu TsongAnn; Jan FuhJyh, 2012. Development of transgenic watermelon resistant to Cucumber mosaic virus and Watermelon mosaic virus by using a single chimeric transgene construct. Transgenic Research, 21(5):983-993. http://springerlink.metapress.com/link.asp?id=100225

Liu J; Wang YF; Hong N; Wang GP; Wang LP, 2014. The first report of cucumber mosaic virus infecting water chestnut in China. Plant Disease, 98(1):164. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

López Cardona N; Castaño Zapata J, 2012. Characterization of phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, nematodes and viruses in four commercial varieties of Heliconia (Heliconia sp.). Revista - Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín, 65(2):6697-6710. http://www.revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/refame/issue/view/3412

Lot H; Marrou J; Quiot JB; Esvan C, 1972. Contribution à l' étude du virus mosaique du concombre (CMV). II. Méthode de purification rapide du virus. Annales de Phytopathologie, 4:25-38.

Lucy AP; Guo HuiShan; Li WanXiang; Ding ShouWei, 2000. Suppression of post-transcriptional gene silencing by a plant viral protein localized in the nucleus. EMBO Journal, 19(7):1672-1680; 2 pp. of ref.

Magid AGMA, 1991. Host range and transmission of an isolate of cucumber mosaic virus from the Sudan. East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal, 56(1/4):63-67; 10 ref.

Mansour AN; Akkawi M; Al-Musa A, 2000. A modification in aluminum foil technique for controlling aphid-borne mosaic viruses of squash. Dirasat. Agricultural Sciences, 27(1):1-9; 17 ref.

Masuta C; Ueda S; Suzuki M; Uyeda I, 1998. Evolution of a quadripartite hybrid virus by interspecific exchange and recombination between replicase components of two related tripartite RNA viruses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95(18):10487-10492; 23 ref.

McKay ME; Hughes I, 1982. Growing gladioli. Queensland Agricultural Journal, 108(3):127-139, xiii-xvi

McKirdy SJ; Jones RAC, 1994. Infection of alternative hosts associated with narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) and subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) by cucumber mosaic virus and its persistence between growing seasons. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 45(5):1035-1049

Meiners JP; Waterworth HE; Smith FF; Alconero R; Lawson RH, 1977. A seed-transmitted strain of cucumber mosaic virus isolated from bean. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 61(2):137-147

Miczynski K; Kobylko T; Czuber B; Cybularz T; Gajewski Z; Hanus-Fajerska E, 1997. Screening of wild tomato species to infection with isolates of tomato mosaic, cucumber mosaic, and tomato spotted wilt viruses, occurring in the region of Krak=w. Folia Horticulturae, 9(2):41-52; 24 ref.

Milojevic K; Radovic N; Stankovic I; Vucurovic A; Nikolic D; Bulajic A; Krstic B, 2016. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting Wisteria sinensis in Serbia. Plant Disease, 100(8):1799. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Milojevic K; Stankovic I; Vucurovic A; Nikolic D; Ristic D; Bulajic A; Krstic B, 2014. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus in Tulipa sp. in Serbia. Plant Disease, 98(10):1449. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Milosevic D; Ignjatov M; Nikolic Z; Gvozdanovic-Varga J; Petrovic G; Stankovic I; Krstic B, 2015. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus causing chlorotic mottle on pot marigold (Calendula officinalis) in Serbia. Plant Disease, 99(5):736. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

M'nari M; Jebari H; Cherif C, 1993. Study of strains of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) on Tunisian melon and identification of resistant genotypes. Cahiers Agricultures, 2(1):60-62

Mohan S; Lakshmanan P, 1988. Outbreak of cucumber mosaic virus on Musa sp. in Tamil Nadu, India. Phytoparasitica, 16(3):281-282

Muzafar Sheikh; Naqvi QA; Irshad Mahmood, 2013. Molecular detection of an isolate of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting Oxalis corymbosa in Aligarh, India. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 46(15):1816-1820. http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/gapp20

Nakamura Y; Fujisawa I; Lee KH; Uematsu S, 1994. Cucumber mosaic virus and chrysanthemum virus B isolated from marguerite, Chrysanthemum frutescens L. Proceedings of the Kanto-Tosan Plant Protection Society, No. 41:177-179; 3 ref.

Nameth ST; Steininger J, 1997. Cucumber mosaic virus associated with leaf malformation and stunting in Adiantum pedatum. Plant Disease, 81(11):1333; 1 ref.

Nasser MAK, 1994. Incidence of cucumber mosaic virus in relation to aphid vectors activity and infection sources. Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 25(3):223-232

Nava AR, 1999. Detection of ten viruses in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) growing areas in Venezuela. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 83(1/2):83-88; 19 ref.

Ng JCK; Liu SiJun; Perry KL, 2000. Cucumber mosaic virus mutants with altered physical properties and defective in aphid vector transmission. Virology (New York), 276(2):395-403; Many ref.

Ohki ST; Kameya-Iwaki M, 1996. Simplifying of the rapid immunofilter paper assay for faster detection of plant viruses: simplified RIPA. Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan, 62(3):240-242; 13 ref.

Opiyo SA; Ateka EM; Owuor PO; Manguro LOA; Karuri HW, 2010. Survey of sweet potato viruses in Western Kenya and detection of Cucumber mosaic virus. Journal of Plant Pathology, 92(3):797-801. http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/volumes/0310/031028.pdf

Owen J; Palukaitis P, 1988. Characterization of cucumber mosaic virus. Virology (New York), 166(2):495-502

Palukaitis P; Garciá-Arenal F, 2003. Cucumber mosaic virus. AAB Descriptions of Plant Viruses, No. 400., UK: Association of Applied Biologists. http://www.dpvweb.net/dpv/showdpv.php?dpvno=400

Palukaitis P; Roossinck MJ, 1996. Spontaneous change of a benign satellite RNA of cucumber mosaic virus to a pathogenic variant. Nature Biotechnology, 14(10):1264-1268; 56 ref.

Palukaitis P; Roossinck MJ; Dietzgen RG; Francki RIB, 1992. Cucumber mosaic virus. Advances in Virus Research, 41:281-348.

Palukaitis P; Zaitlin M, 1997. Replicase-mediated resistance to plant virus disease. Adv. Virus Res., 48:281-348.

Park CY; Lee MA; Park EH; Baek DS; Lee SH; Kim JeongSeon, 2015. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus infection of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) in South Korea. Plant Disease, 99(5):733. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Parrella G; Greco B, 2014. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus subgroup IA isolate infecting Yucca aloifolia in Italy. Plant Disease, 98(9):1284-1285. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Peden KWC; Symons RH, 1973. Cucumber mosaic virus contains a functionally divided genome. Virology, 53:487-492.

Pemberton AW; Frost RR, 1986. Virus diseases of celery in England. Annals of Applied Biology, 108(2):39-331

Peng HaoRan; Zhao ChengGang; Zhao XueJun; Chen DeXin; Sun XianChao, 2015. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting Chinese mallow in China. Journal of Phytopathology, 163(11/12):1064-1068. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1439-0434

Peng J; Shi M; Xia Z; Huang J; Fan Z, 2012. Detection of cucumber mosaic virus isolates from banana by one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification.

Perry KL; Habili N; Dietzgen RG, 1993. A varied population of cucumber mosaic virus from peppers. Plant Pathology, 42(5):806-810

Polak Z, 1996. Scarlet maple - a new host of cucumber mosaic virus. Ochrana-Rostlin, 32:73-76.

Polak Z; Sirovy V, 1995. Occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus in water of an irrigation ditch. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, 102(1):40-43

Polischuk V; Budzanivska I; Shevchenko T; Oliynik S, 2007. Evidence for plant viruses in the region of Argentina Islands, Antarctica. FEMS Microbiology Ecology [Microorganisms in cold environments. International conference on alpine and polar microbiology, Innsbruck, Austria, 27-31 March 2006.], 59(2):409-417. http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00242.x

Pop I; Jilaveanu A, 1985. Identification of cucumber green mottle virus in Romania. Analele Institutului de Cercetari pentru Protectia Plantelor, 18:43-47

Quiot JB; Labonne G; Marrou J, 1982. In: Harris KF, Maramorosch K, eds. Pathogens, Vectors and Plant Diseases: Approaches to Control. New York, USA: Academic Press, 95-122.

Quiot JB; Labonne G; Quiot-Donne L, 1983. The comparative ecology of cucumber mosaic virus in Mediterranean and tropical regions. In: Plumb RT, Thresh JM, ed. Plant virus epidemiology. The spread and control of insect-borne viruses Blackwell Scientific Publications Oxford United Kingdom, 177-183

Quiot JB; Marchoux G; Douine L; Vigouroux A, 1979. Ecology and epidemiology of cucumber mosaic virus in southeast France. V. Role of weeds in the survival of the virus. Annales de Phytopathologie, 11(3):325-348

Raccah B; Gal-On A; Eastop VF, 1985. The role of flying aphid vectors in the transmission of cucumber mosaic virus and potato virus Y to peppers in Israel. Annals of Applied Biology, 106(3):451-460

Rao GP; Singh M; Shukla K; Gupta SN, 1995. A new strain of cucumber mosaic virus causing mosaic disease of pea (Pisum sativum L.) in India.

Raupach GS; Liu L; Murphy JF; Tuzun S; Kloepper JW, 1996. Induced systemic resistance in cucumber and tomato against cucumber mosaic cucumovirus using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Plant Disease, 80(8):891-894; 23 ref.

Rezaian MA; Williams RHV; Gordon KHJ; Gould AR; Symons RH, 1984. Nucleotide sequence of cucumber mosaic virus RNA 2 reveals a translation product significantly homologous to corresponding proteins of other viruses. European Journal of Biochemistry, 143:277-284.

Rezaian MA; Williams RHV; Symons RH, 1985. Nucleotide sequence of cucumber mosaic virus RNA 1: Presence of sequence complementary to part of the viral satellite RNA and homologies with other viral RNAs. European Journal of Biochemistry, 150:331-339.

Rist DL; Lorbeer JW, 1991. Relationships of weed reservoirs of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and broad bean wilt virus (BBWV) to CMV and BBWV in commercial lettuce field in New York. Phytopathology, 81(4):367-371

Rivera C; Ramirez P; Rodriguez CM, 1991. Papaya ringspot virus and cucumber mosaic virus associated with a severe mosaic in melon. Turrialba, 41(3):437-443

Rodriguez-Alvarado G; Kurath G; Dodds JA, 1995. Heterogeneity in pepper isolates of cucumber mosaic virus. Plant Disease, 79(5):450-455

Safaeizadeh M; Saidi A, 2012. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus on Ibicella lutea in Iran. Journal of Plant Pathology, 94(4, Supplement):S4.95. http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/

Saidi A; Safaeizadeh M, 2011. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting geraniums (Pelargonium spp.) in Iran. Asian Journal of Plant Pathology, 5(4):163-165. http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=ajppaj.2011.163.165&org=10

Saidi A; Safaeizadeh M, 2012. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus on Canna indica in Iran. Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 7(1):119-121. http://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13314-012-0062-x/fulltext.html

Salamon P; Horvath J; Mamula D; Juretic N; Hunyadi K, 1989. Asclepias syriaca L. (common milkweed), a new natural host of cucumber mosaic virus in Hungary and Yugoslavia. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 24(3-4):363-373

Salamon P; Nemes K; Salánki K; Palkovics L, 2013. First record of virus infection of blue potato bush, Lycianthes rantonnetii. Journal of Plant Pathology, 95(4, Supplement):S4.74. http://sipav.org/main/jpp/index.php/jpp/article/view/3087/1760

Sevik MA, 2012. Natural occurrence of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting water mint (Mentha aquatica) in Antalya and Konya, Turkey. Acta Botanica Croatica, 71(1):187-193. http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=casopis&id_casopis=83

Sevik MA; Balkaya A, 2015. The detection and occurrence of viruses on the seed lots of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch) populations in Samsun, Sinop, and Bolu provinces. (Samsun, Sinop ve Bolu illerindeki bal kabagi (Cucurbita moschata Duch) popülasyonlarina ait tohum örneklerinde virüslerin tanilanmasi ve bulunma durumlarinin belirlenmesi.) Gaziosmanpasa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(3):70-77. http://ziraatdergi.gop.edu.tr/Makaleler/1798862856_70-77.pdf

Shahmohammadi N; Dizadji A; Habibi MK; Nateqi M, 2015. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting Bougainvillea spectabilis, Coleus blumei, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana and Zinnia elegans in Iran. Journal of Plant Pathology, 97(2):394. http://sipav.org/main/jpp/index.php/jpp/article/view/3358/2028

Shanmuganathan N, 1980. Virus and virus-like diseases of plants in the Gilbert Islands. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin, 28(1):29-38

Sharma PN; Chowfla SC, 1986. Studies on a mosaic disease of amaranthus (Amaranthus caudatus L.) in Himachal Pradesh. Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 16(3):349-350

Sharman M; Thomas JE; Dietzgen RG, 2000. Development of a multiplex immunocapture PCR with colourimetric detection for viruses of banana. Journal of Virological Methods, 89(1/2):75-88; 32 ref.

Shevchenko TP; Tymchyshyn OV; AlDalain E; Bysov AS; Budzanivska IG; Shevchenko OV; Polishchuk VP, 2015. The first evidence of subgroup IB isolates of Cucumber mosaic virus in Ukraine. Biopolymers and Cell, 31(1):57-62. http://www.biopolymers.org.ua/pdf/31/1/057/biopolym.cell-2015-31-1-057-en.pdf

Shong RH; Zhang YX; Yuan XR; Zhao JH, 1990. Identification of cucumber mosaic virus from banana (Musa spp). Acta Agriculturae Shanghai, 6(3):82-84

Shukla DD; Teakle DS; Gough KH, 1980. Periwinkle, a latent host for broad bean wilt and cucumber mosaic viruses in Australia. Plant Disease, 64(8):802-803

Sivakumaran K; Bao Y; Roossinck MJ; Kao CC, 2000. Recognition of the core RNA promoter for minus-strand RNA synthesis by the replicases of Brome mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus. Journal of Virology, 74(22):10323-10331; 53 ref.

Smith DB; Davis RF, 1986. Identification of cucumber mosaic virus from Vinca minor in New Jersey. Plant Disease, 70(11):1056-1059; 21 ref.

Soler S; López C; Nuez F, 2005. Natural occurrence of viruses in Lycopersicon spp. in Ecuador. Plant Disease, 89(11):1244. HTTP://www.apsnet.org

Stanyulis YuP; Makutenaite MK; Zitikaite IS, 1977. Some features of isolates of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) isolated from leguminous and ornamental plants in Lithuania. Tr. Biol.-Pochven. Inst. Dal'nevost. Nuach. Tsentr AN SSSR, No.46/149:198-203

Subasic D; Rusak G; Milicic D, 1990. Cucumber mosaic virus obtained from pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Acta Botanica Croatica, 49:7-12

Suzuki M; Kuwata S; Masuta C; Takanami Y, 1995. Point mutations in the coat protein of cucumber mosaic virus affect symptom expression and virion accumulation in tobacco. Journal of General Virology, 76(7):1791-1799

Symons RH, 1975. Cucumber mosaic virus RNA contains 7-methyl guanosine at the 5'-terminus of all four RNA species. Molecular Biology Reports, 2(4):277-285

Tadesse N; Ali K; Gorfu D; Yusuf A; Abraham A; Ayalew M; Lencho A; Makkouk KM; Kumari SG, 1999. Survey for chickpea and lentil virus diseases in Ethiopia. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 38(3):149-158; 23 ref.

Tan HD; Li SY; Du XF; Seno M, 2010. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus in sweet cherry in the People's Republic of China. Plant Disease, 94(11):1378. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Tapscott HL; Cowling WA, 1995. Predictors of yield of Lupinus angustifolius (cv. Gungurru) seedlots from different sources in Western Australia. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 35(6):745-751; 19 ref.

Thackray DJ; Diggle AJ; Berlandier FA; Jones RAC, 2004. Forecasting aphid outbreaks and epidemics of Cucumber mosaic virus in lupin crops in a Mediterranean-type environment. Virus Research, 100(1):67-82.

Thomas OSL, 1981. Virus diseases of cultivated plants in Montserrat. Tropical Pest Management, 27(4):461-464

Thouvenel JC; Fauquet C, 1982. Virus problems of yams in Ivory Coast. Colloques de l'INRA, No. 2:101-105

Tien P; Wu G, 1991. Satellite RNA for the biological control of plant disease. Advances in Virus Research, 39:321-339.

Trkulja V; Kovacic D; Curkovic B; Vucurovic A; Stankovic I; Bulajic A; Krstic B, 2013. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus on melon in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Plant Disease, 97(8):1124-1125. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Varveri C; Boutsika K, 1999. Characterization of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus isolates in Greece. Plant-Pathology, 48:95-100.

Vovlas N; Avgelis A; Goumas D; Frisullo S, 1994. A survey of banana diseases in sucker propagated plantation in Crete. Nematologia Mediterranea, 22(1):101-107; 8 ref.

Wahyuni WS; Dietzgen RG; Hanada K; Francki RIB, 1992. Serological and biological variation between and within subgroup I and II strains of cucumber mosaic virus. Plant Pathology, 41(3):282-297

Wahyuni WS; Francki RIB, 1992. Responses of some grain and pasture legumes to 16 strains of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 43(3):465-477

Wang YF; Wang GP; Wang LP; Hong N, 2014. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus in taro plants in China. Plant Disease, 98(4):574-575. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Wei MS; Kong J; Li GF; Ma J, 2015. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus subgroup II in heavenly bamboo (Nandina domestica) in China. Plant Disease, 99(8):1191-1192. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Weinzierl R, 1995. The role of insect management in controlling insect vectored diseases. Transactions of the Illinois State Horticultural Society, 129: 52-57.

Wikoff WR; Tsai-Chao J; Wang G; Baker TS; Johnson JE; Wang GJ; Tsai CJ, 1997. The structure of cucumber mosaic virus: cryoelectron microscopy, X-ray crystallography, and sequence analysis. Virology, 232:91-97.

Wilson AD; Halliwell RS, 1985. Characterization and field studies of a cucumber mosaic virus isolate from spinach in the Winter Garden area of Texas. Plant Disease, 69(9):751-754

Wilson CR, 1998. First report of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus on Wasabi in Australia. Plant Disease, 82(5):590; 1 ref.

Wu PY; Chen YC; Wang HL, 2013. Identification and molecular characterization of Cucumber mosaic virus isolated from Pelargonium hortorum in Taiwan. Plant Pathology Bulletin, 22(2):105-119.

Wylie S; Wilson CR; Jones RAC; Jones MGK, 1993. A polymerase chain reaction assay for cucumber mosaic virus in lupin seeds. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 44(1):41-51

Xanthis CK; Maliogka VI; Katis NI, 2015. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus in Anemone sp. in Greece. Journal of Plant Pathology, 97(3):541. http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/

Xanthis CK; Maliogka VI; Lecoq H; Dezbiez C; Tsvetkov I; Katis NI, 2015. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting watermelon in Greece and Bulgaria. Journal of Plant Pathology, 97(2):399. http://sipav.org/main/jpp/index.php/jpp/article/view/3323/1994

Xu Ping; Roossinck MJ, 2000. Cucumber mosaic virus D satellite RNA-induced programmed cell death in tomato. Plant Cell, 12(7):1079-1092; 58 ref.

Xuan TH; Calilung VJ; Benigno DA, 1988. Epidemiology of tomato mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus in the Philippines. Philippine Agriculturist, 71(4):421-430

Yang RongChang; Xu HeLin; Yu WenGui; Lu ChunGui; Long MingSheng; Liu ChunQing; Pan NaiSui; Chen ZhangLiang, 1995. Identification of the CMV resistance of transgenic tomato plants. Acta Agriculturae Shanghai, 11(1):73-77; 8 ref.

Yang SH; Chen TH; Tzeng J; Lee WL; Tsao LY; Chen CC, 2014. Characterization of Cucumber mosaic virus isolated from Taiwan swallowwort (Cynanchum taiwanianum Yamazaki) in Taiwan. Plant Protection Bulletin (Taipei), 56(4):109-136. http://www.pps.org.tw

Yang YanMing; Kim KyungSoo; Anderson EJ, 1997. Seed transmission of cucumber mosaic virus in spinach. Phytopathology, 87(9):924-931; 43 ref.

Yazawa S; Uemachi T; Higashide T; Watanabe H, 1996. CMV resistance developed in vigorous-growing lateral shoots from virus infected plants of Capsicum annuum L. Scientia Horticulturae, 65(4):295-304; 6 ref.

Yie Y; Wu ZX; Wang SY; Zhao SZ; Zhang TQ; Yao GY; Tien P, 1995. Rapid production and field testing of homozygous transgenic tobacco lines with virus resistance conferred by expression of satellite RNA and coat protein of cucumber mosaic virus. Transgenic Research, 4(4):256-263

Yik CP, 1994. Shoot malformations of tembusu and draceana. Singapore Journal of Primary Industries, 22(1):39-43; 6 ref.

Yoon JY; Choi GS; Cho IS; Choi SK, 2014. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus in Saintpaulia ionantha in Korea. Plant Disease, 98(4):573-574. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis

Yoon TK, 1987. Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus causing mosaic disease on asparagus bean (Vigna sesquipedalis) in Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Pathology, 3(4):291-298

Zambolim EM; Assis MIT; Zambolim L; Venturia JA; Carvalho MGde, 1994. Natural infection of banana cultivar Prata (AAB) by cucumber mosaic virus in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 19(3):483-484

Zhang ZY; Xu ZY; Chen KR; Chen JX; Ma FY; Xu HP; Cai ZN, 1993. Epiphytotics of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) on peanut plants. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 23(4):355-360

Zhu PF; Yang YZ; Lu ZQ; Xu L, 1992. Effect of cultivation measures on the relationship between the green peach aphid and tobacco virus disease. Plant Protection, 18(4): 20.

Zindovic J; Dukic N; Bulajic A; Latinovic J; Ðekic I; Duduk B; Krstic B, 2007. Presence and distribution of tobacco viruses in Montenegro. (Prisustvo i rasprostranjenost virusa duvana u Crnoj Gori.) Pesticidi i Fitomedicina, 22(1):39-44.

Özdemir S; Erilmez S, 2012. First report of Alfalfa mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus in pepino in Turkey. Journal of Plant Pathology, 94(4, Supplement):S4.91. http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/

Distribution References

Afouda L A C, Kotchofa R, Sare R, Zinsou V, Winter S, 2013. Occurrence and distribution of viruses infecting tomato and pepper in Alibori in northern Benin. Phytoparasitica. 41 (3), 271-276. http://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12600-013-0287-z DOI:10.1007/s12600-013-0287-z

Akanda A M, Tsuno K, Maeda T, Wakimoto S, 1991. Cucumber mosaic virus in Bangladesh. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University. 35 (3-4), 151-159.

Akius M, 1983. Dahlia and cucumber mosaic viruses isolated from dahlias. Växtskyddsnotiser. 47 (4), 68-71.

Alberts E, Hannay J, Randles J W, 1985. An epidemic of cucumber mosaic virus in South Australian lupins. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 36 (2), 267-273. DOI:10.1071/AR9850267

Alhubaishi A A, Walkey D G A, Webb M J W, Bolland C J, Cook A A, 1987. A survey of horticultural plant virus diseases in the Yemen Arab Republic. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin. 35 (4), 135-143.

Ambrosov A L, 1980. The diagnosis of viruses of clover. (Diagnostika virusov klevera.). Zashchita Rastenii. 38.

Arafati N, Farzadfar S, Pourrahim R, 2013. Characterization of coat protein gene of Cucumber mosaic virus isolates in Iran. Iranian Journal of Biotechnology. 11 (2), 109-114, 132. http://ijb.nigeb.ac.ir

Atencio F A, Gracia O, Mendoza E E A, Zandomeni R, Grau O, 1997. Detection of both subgroups I and II of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus and their satellite RNAs on pepper in Argentina. Plant Disease. 81 (6), 695. DOI:10.1094/PDIS.1997.81.6.695A

Atiri G I, 1985. An isolate of cucumber mosaic virus from fluted pumpkin in Nigeria. Phytopathologische Zeitschrift. 114 (3), 268-273.

AVA, 2001. Diagnostic records of the Plant Health Diagnostic Services., Singapore: Plant Health Centre Agri-food & Veterinary Authority.

Babu B, Dankers H, Paret M L, 2014. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus associated with Capsicum chinense var. Scotch Bonnet in Florida. Plant Disease. 98 (7), 1016. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis DOI:10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1276-PDN

Bagewadi B, Hossain M S, Fayad A, Naidu R A, 2015. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus from eggplant (Solanum melongena) in Bangladesh. Plant Disease. 99 (2), 293. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis DOI:10.1094/PDIS-09-14-0956-PDN

Baker C A, Zettler F W, 1988. Viruses infecting wild and cultivated species of the Commelinaceae. Plant Disease. 72 (6), 513-518. DOI:10.1094/PD-72-0513

Bashir M, Malik B A, 1993. Natural occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus in chickpea in Pakistan. International Chickpea Newsletter. 10.

Bergmann J C, Araujo J, Eiras M, Colariccio A, Chaves A L R, Chagas C M, 2002. Partial characterization of Cucumber mosaic virus isolates from northeastern and central-western Brazil. (Caracterização parcial de isolados do Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus provenientes do nordeste e centro-oeste do Brasil.). Arquivos do Instituto Biológico (São Paulo). 69 (Suplemento, Resumos), 169-171. http://www.biologico.sp.gov.br/ARQUIVOS/V69_supl_RE/BERGMANN.PDF

Boari A J, Maciel-Zambolim E, Carvalho M G, Zerbini F M, 2000. Molecular and biological characterization of isolates of satellite RNAs associated with cucumber mosaic virus. (Caracterização molecular e biológica de isolados de RNA satélite associados ao Cucumber mosaic virus.). Fitopatologia Brasileira. 25 (2), 143-148.

Bock K R, Guthrie E J, Pearson M N, 1975. Notes on East African plant virus diseases 9. Cucumber mosaic virus. East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal. 41 (1), 81-84.

Bouwen I, Wit A J, Dijkstra J, 1978. Cucumber mosaic virus isolated from Yucca flaccida. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology. 84 (5), 175-183. DOI:10.1007/BF02650384

Brand R J, Wechmar M B von, 1993. Characterization of two viruses implicated in the woodiness disease complex of South African passionfruit: cucumber mosaic virus and a new potyvirus. Journal of the Southern African Society for Horticultural Sciences. 3 (1), 28-33.

Brooks F, 2002. List of Plant Diseases in American Samoa 2002. In: Land Grant Technical Report No. 44, Pago Pago, American Samoa, American Samoa Community College Land Grant Program.

CABI, EPPO, 2002. Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases. In: Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, Wallingford, UK: CAB International. Maps 861-877, 388.

CABI, Undated. Compendium record. Wallingford, UK: CABI

CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. Wallingford, UK: CABI

Cameron P J, Herman T J B, Fletcher J D, 1992. Incidence of thrips and aphids as potential virus vectors in field tomatoes. In: Proceedings of the Forty Fifth New Zealand Plant Protection Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, 11-13 August 1992 [Proceedings of the Forty Fifth New Zealand Plant Protection Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, 11-13 August 1992], [ed. by Popay A J]. Rotorua, New Zealand: New Zealand Plant Protection Society. 38-42.

Cao YanYong, Shi Yan, Fan ZaiFeng, Song LiMin, Tian GuoZhong, 2008. Isolation and identification of the pathogen that causes mosaic on periwinkle. Scientia Silvae Sinicae. 44 (4), 60-68. http://lyke.chinajournal.net.cn

Castro M, Alonso X, García E, 1992. Detection and characterization of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) from pepper plants (Capsicum annuum) in Cuba. (Detección y caracterización del virus del mosaico del pepino (CMV) a partir de plantas de pimiento (Capsicum annuum) en Cuba.). Proteccion de Plantas. 2 (1), 7-14.

Castro R, Sandoval B C, 1998. Virus diseases affecting tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) in South-Central Chile. (Determinacion de enfermedades de naturaleza viral en el cultivo de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) en la VII region de Chile.). Agro-Ciencia. 14 (2), 289-292.

Chandrasrikul A, Patrakosol P, 1986. Virus diseases of horticultural crops in Thailand. In: Plant virus diseases of horticultural crops in the tropics and subtropics. [Plant virus diseases of horticultural crops in the tropics and subtropics.], Taipei, Taiwan: Food and Fertilizer Technology Centre for the Asian and Pacific Region. 7-11.

Chatzivassiliou E K, Giakountis A, Testa A, Kienle U, Jungbluth T, 2016. Natural infection of Stevia rebaudiana by Cucumber mosaic virus in Spain and by Sclerotium rolfsii in Greece. Plant Disease. 100 (5), 1029. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis DOI:10.1094/PDIS-10-15-1149-PDN

Chen L, Shang Q X, Chen X Y, Xing D M, Yang R, Han C G, Ran C, Wei Y M, Zhao X Y, Liu Z P, 2014. First report on the occurrence of Cucumber mosaic virus on Fragaria ananassa in China. Plant Disease. 98 (7), 1015. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis DOI:10.1094/PDIS-11-13-1173-PDN

Chen Y K, Chen C C, Ko W F, Chen M J, 1995. Isolation and identification of cucumber mosaic virus from larkspur. Plant Protection Bulletin (Taipei). 37 (3), 319-330.

Choi S K, Cho I S, Choi G S, Yoon J Y, 2014. First report of Cucumber mosaic virus in Cathranthus roseus in Korea. Plant Disease. 98 (9), 1283-1284. http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/loi/pdis