Colletotrichum truncatum (soyabean anthracnose)

Pictures

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Picture

Title

Caption

Copyright

Symptoms on soyabean

Black acervuli on soyabean stem.

ISU

Symptoms

Close-up of pod blight on soyabean showing acervuli on pod arranged in concentric rings.

Ved Prakash Gupta

Symptoms

Symptoms: pod blight of soyabean caused by C. truncatum, showing acervuli on pods arranged in concentric rings.

Ved Prakash Gupta

Symptoms

Acervuli of C. truncatum on stem of soyabean.

Ved Prakash Gupta

Symptoms

Anthracnose on the stem of soyabean showing the white growth of the fungus along with acervuli on the stem between the soil and the first node. This is the first symptom to appear on plants, which are symptomless until the VN and R1 growth stage.

Ved Prakash Gupta

Identity

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Preferred Scientific Name

Colletotrichum truncatum (Schwein.) Andrus & W.D. Moore, 1934

Preferred Common Name

soyabean anthracnose

Other Scientific Names

Colletotrichum dematium forma truncatum (Schwein.) Arx
Vermicularia truncata Schwein. 1832

International Common Names

English: brown blotch of cowpea; colletotrichum leaf spot of moth bean; lentil anthracnose; pod blight of soyabean; pod blight of soybean; soybean anthracnose; stem anthracnose of lima bean and pigeon pea
Spanish: antracnosis del tallo
French: anthracnose de la tige

Local Common Names

Germany: Anthraknose: Limabohne; Anthraknose: Sojabohne

EPPO code

COLLDU (Colletotrichum truncatum)

Taxonomic Tree

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Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Ascomycota
Subphylum: Pezizomycotina
Class: Sordariomycetes
Subclass: Sordariomycetidae
Family: Glomerellaceae
Genus: Colletotrichum
Species: Colletotrichum truncatum

Distribution Table

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The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.

Last updated: 15 Jun 2021

Continent/Country/Region	Distribution	First Reported	Reference	Notes
Africa
Burkina Faso	Present		IRAT (1978) CABI and EPPO (2001) Ellison et al. (2015)
Cameroon	Present		Bernaux (1979) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Côte d'Ivoire	Present		CABI (Undated)	Original citation: IRAT (1980)
Egypt	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Ethiopia	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Gabon	Present		Ndzoumba et al. (1990) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Ghana	Present		Twumasi et al. (1989) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Guinea	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Kenya	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Madagascar	Present		CABI (Undated)	Original citation: IRAT (1980)
Malawi	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Mauritius	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Mozambique	Present		Vernetti et al. (1985) Tarp et al. (1987) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Nigeria	Present		Amusa (1994) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Senegal	Present		Girard (1979) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Sierra Leone	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
South Africa	Present		Koch et al. (1989) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Tanzania	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Uganda	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Zambia	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Zimbabwe	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Asia
Bangladesh	Present		Mridha et al. (1984) Fakir and Mridha (1985) CABI and EPPO (2001)
China	Present		Wei et al. (1989) Wei et al. (1990) CABI and EPPO (2001) Cheng et al. (2014) Diao et al. (2014) Guo LiWe et al. (2014) Bi et al. (2017) Diao et al. (2017) Yang et al. (2018) Zhai et al. (2018) Zhang et al. (2018)
-Anhui	Present		Diao et al. (2017)
-Beijing	Present		Diao et al. (2017)
-Chongqing	Present		Diao et al. (2017)
-Fujian	Present		Diao et al. (2014) Diao et al. (2017)
-Guangdong	Present		Cheng et al. (2014) Diao et al. (2017)
-Hebei	Present	2016	Zhang et al. (2018)
-Henan	Present		Yu Jing et al. (2020) Diao et al. (2017)
-Hubei	Present		Diao et al. (2017)
-Hunan	Present		Diao et al. (2017)
-Jiangxi	Present		Diao et al. (2017)
-Jilin	Present		Cong et al. (2020) Diao et al. (2017)
-Qinghai	Present		Diao et al. (2017)
-Shandong	Present		Diao et al. (2017)
-Shanxi	Present		Zhai et al. (2018) Diao et al. (2017)
-Sichuan	Present		Yang et al. (2018) Diao et al. (2017)
-Yunnan	Present		Guo LiWe et al. (2014) Diao et al. (2017)
Georgia	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Hong Kong	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
India	Present		Rao and Rao (1987) Singh and Gupta (1992) CABI and EPPO (2001) Sunil Kulkarni and Benagi (2012) Salunkhe et al. (2018)
-Andhra Pradesh	Present		Mosses and Reddy (1989) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Assam	Present		Saikia and Phookan (1983) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Himachal Pradesh	Present		Bhardwaj and Thakur (1991) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Jammu and Kashmir	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Karnataka	Present		Banu et al. (1990)
-Kerala	Present		Sharma et al. (1987)
-Madhya Pradesh	Present		Nicholson and Sinclair (1973) Singh (1993) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Maharashtra	Present		Rao (1986) Rao et al. (1989) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Punjab	Present		Bains et al. (1989) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Rajasthan	Present		Singh and Srivastava (1989) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Tamil Nadu	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Uttar Pradesh	Present		Saxena and Sinha (1978) Singh and Shukla (1988) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-West Bengal	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Indonesia	Present		Kobayashi and Zinno (1984) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Sumatra	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Iran	Present		Zad (1979) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Japan	Present		Fuse et al. (1981) Chikuo et al. (1984) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Honshu	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Malaysia	Present		Nik and Lim (1984) CABI and EPPO (2001) Mahmodi et al. (2013) Mahmodi et al. (2013a) Farshid Mahmodi et al. (2014) Suzianti Iskandar Vijaya et al. (2015)
-Peninsular Malaysia	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Sabah	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Myanmar	Present		Myo Zaw et al. (2020)
Nepal	Present		Manandhar and Sinclair (1982) Manandhar et al. (1987) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Pakistan	Present		Mirza and Rehman (1985) CABI and EPPO (2001) Tariq et al. (2017) CABI (Undated)
Philippines	Present		Kobayashi and Zinno (1984) CABI and EPPO (2001) Ramos and Tangonan (2009)
Saudi Arabia	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Singapore	Present		Lim and Tang (1984)
South Korea	Present		Kim et al. (1989) Yum and Park (1989) CABI and EPPO (2001) Oo MayMoe and Oh SangKeun (2020)
Taiwan	Present		Kuo et al. (1999) CABI and EPPO (2001) Lin ChuPing et al. (2017)
Thailand	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001) Meetum et al. (2015)
Turkey	Present		Eken and Demİrcİ (2000) CABI and EPPO (2001) Ünal et al. (2020)
United Arab Emirates	Present		Burhan (1986) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Vietnam	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Europe
Bulgaria	Present		Kaiser et al. (1998)
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia	Present		Jasnić (1983) CABI and EPPO (2001)
France	Present		IRAT (1978) CABI and EPPO (2001) CABI (Undated)
Hungary	Present		Ersek (1979) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Italy	Present		Calzolari et al. (1987) CABI and EPPO (2001) CABI (Undated)
Moldova	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Russia	Present		Skripka et al. (1986) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Russian Far East	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Southern Russia	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Serbia and Montenegro	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Slovakia	Present		Ondřej (1994) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Spain	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
North America
Barbados	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Belize	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Canada	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001) Armstrong-Cho and Banniza (2006)
-Manitoba	Present		Morrall (1988) CABI and EPPO (2001) Armstrong-Cho and Banniza (2006)
-Ontario	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Saskatchewan	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001) Armstrong-Cho and Banniza (2006)
Cuba	Present		Garcia et al. (1980) CABI and EPPO (2001) CABI (Undated)
Guatemala	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Honduras	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Mexico	Present		Ortega-Acosta et al. (2015)
Puerto Rico	Present		Hepperly et al. (1983) Ortiz et al. (1988) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Trinidad and Tobago	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001) Villafana et al. (2018)
United States	Present		Roy (1982) Kunwar et al. (1985) CABI and EPPO (2001) Sikora et al. (2011) Warfield et al. (2015)
-Alabama	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Arkansas	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Florida	Present		Lenne and Sonoda (1979) Cardina et al. (1988) CABI and EPPO (2001) Warfield et al. (2015)
-Georgia	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Hawaii	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Illinois	Present		Manandhar et al. (1985) Hartman et al. (1986) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Indiana	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Kansas	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Kentucky	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Louisiana	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001) CABI (Undated)
-Maryland	Present		Barksdale (1972) Miller et al. (1984) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Minnesota	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Mississippi	Present		Boyette (1991) Boyette et al. (1993) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Missouri	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-North Carolina	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-North Dakota	Present		Venette et al. (1994) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Oklahoma	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Pennsylvania	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-South Carolina	Present		Grabke et al. (2014)
-South Dakota	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Tennessee	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Texas	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Washington	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Wisconsin	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Oceania
Australia	Present		Lenne and Sonoda (1979) Shipton (1979) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-New South Wales	Present		Allen (1972) Walker et al. (1991) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Queensland	Present		Walker et al. (1991) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Western Australia	Present		Barbetti (1985) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Federated States of Micronesia	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Fiji	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Papua New Guinea	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Samoa	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Tonga	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
South America
Argentina	Present		Mena et al. (1978) CABI and EPPO (2001)
Brazil	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001) Matos et al. (2017) Santos Vieria et al. (2020)
-Amazonas	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001) Matos et al. (2017)
-Bahia	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001) Santos Vieria et al. (2020)
-Goias	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Mato Grosso do Sul	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Minas Gerais	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Parana	Present		Almeida et al. (2001)
-Rio Grande do Sul	Present		Finger and Minussi (1980) CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Santa Catarina	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
-Sao Paulo	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Colombia	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Guyana	Present		CABI and EPPO (2001)
Venezuela	Present		Sanabria de Albarracín (1991) CABI and EPPO (2001)

Growth Stages

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Flowering stage, Fruiting stage, Seedling stage, Vegetative growing stage

List of Symptoms/Signs

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Sign	Life Stages	Type
Fruit / lesions: black or brown
Inflorescence / lesions; flecking; streaks (not Poaceae)
Leaves / abnormal colours
Leaves / abnormal forms
Leaves / fungal growth
Leaves / necrotic areas
Stems / canker on woody stem
Stems / discoloration of bark
Whole plant / damping off
Whole plant / dwarfing

Plant Trade

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Plant parts liable to carry the pest in trade/transport	Pest stages	Borne internally	Borne externally	Visibility of pest or symptoms
Flowers/Inflorescences/Cones/Calyx	hyphae; spores	Yes	Yes	Pest or symptoms usually visible to the naked eye
Fruits (inc. pods)	hyphae; spores	Yes	Yes	Pest or symptoms usually visible to the naked eye
Leaves	hyphae; spores	Yes	Yes	Pest or symptoms usually visible to the naked eye
Stems (above ground)/Shoots/Trunks/Branches	hyphae; spores	Yes	Yes	Pest or symptoms usually visible to the naked eye
True seeds (inc. grain)	hyphae; spores	Yes	Yes	Pest or symptoms usually invisible

Plant parts not known to carry the pest in trade/transport
Bark
Bulbs/Tubers/Corms/Rhizomes
Growing medium accompanying plants
Roots
Seedlings/Micropropagated plants
Wood

References

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Connick WJJr; Daigle DJ; Boyette CD; Williams KS; Vinyard BT; Quimby PCJr, 1996. Water activity and other factors that affect the viability of Colletotrichum truncatum conidia in wheat flour-kaolin granules ('Pesta'). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 6(2):277-284; 33 ref.

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Ersek T, 1979. Occurrence of charcoal rot and anthracnose of soybeans in Hungary. Acta Phytopathologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricp, 14(1/2):17-21

Fakir GA; Mridha U, 1985. Die-back, a new disease of lady's finger (Hibiscus esculentus L.) in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Pathology, 1(1):25-28

Finger CAG; Minussi E, 1980. Causal agent of anthracnose of timba·va (Enterolobium contortisiliquum): symptomatology and in vitro inhibition tests of the pathogen. Floresta, 11(2):26-34; 11 ref.

Ford, R., Banniza, S., Photita, W., Taylor, P. W. J., 2004. Morphological and molecular discrimination of Colletotrichum truncatum causing anthracnose on lentil in Canada. Australasian Plant Pathology, 33, 559-569. doi: 10.1071/AP04058

Franca Neto JB; West SH, 1989. Effects of Colletotrichum truncatum and Cercospora kikuchii on viability and quality of soybean seed. Journal of Seed Technology, 13(2):136-149

Fulco WS; Lehman PS; Crespo AT, 1979. Harvesting time of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) as a factor influencing seed quality. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 4(1):25-39

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