Citrus limon
(lemon)

Pictures

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Identity

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Preferred Scientific Name

• Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.

Preferred Common Name

• lemon

Other Scientific Names

• Citrus limonum Risso
• Citrus medica var. limon L.

International Common Names

• English: true lemon tree
• Spanish: limón; limonero
• French: citronnier
• Arabic: laymûn; limûn
• Chinese: ning meng
• Portuguese: lima; limão cravo; limoeiro

Local Common Names

• China/Hong Kong: yang ning meng
• Denmark: citroen
• Finland: sitruuna
• France: citron
• Germany: Zitronenbaum
• India: khatta
• Italy: citreno; limone
• Japan: remon
• Netherlands: citroenboom
• Sweden: citron
• Thailand: manao farang
• Vietnam: chanh tay

EPPO code

• CIDLI (Citrus limon)

Taxonomic Tree

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• Domain: Eukaryota
•     Kingdom: Plantae
•         Phylum: Spermatophyta
•             Subphylum: Angiospermae
•                 Class: Dicotyledonae
•                     Order: Rutales
•                         Family: Rutaceae
•                             Genus: Citrus
•                                 Species: Citrus limon

List of Pests

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Major host of:

Aceria sheldoni (citrus bud mite); Alternaria citri (stalk end rot); Aonidiella aurantii (red scale); Aonidiella citrina (yellow scale); Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid); Bactrocera aquilonis; Bactrocera carambolae (carambola fruit fly); Bactrocera dorsalis (Oriental fruit fly); Boeremia exigua var. exigua (leaf spot); Brevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite); Ceroplastes rubens (red wax scale); Ceroplastes rusci (fig wax scale); Chalara elegans (black root rot); Chrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale); Citripestis sagittiferella (citrus fruit borer); Citrus blight disease (citrus blight); Citrus exocortis viroid (citrus exocortis); Citrus infectious variegation virus; Citrus tristeza virus (citrus tristeza); Citrus yellow mosaic virus (mosaic of citrus); Commelina benghalensis (wandering jew); Commelina diffusa (spreading dayflower); Dialeurodes citri (citrus whitefly); Diaphorina citri (Asian citrus psyllid); Diaporthe citri (melanose of Citrus); Elsinoë fawcettii (citrus scab); Geotrichum candidum (citrus race) (citrus sour rot); Glomerella cingulata (anthracnose); Helicotylenchus dihystera (common spiral nematode); Heliotropium europaeum (common heliotrope); Homalodisca vitripennis (glassy winged sharpshooter); Hop stunt viroid (hop stunt viroid); Longidorus (longidorids); Monacrostichus citricola; Mycosphaerella citri (greasy spot); Panonychus citri (citrus red mite); Pantomorus cervinus (Fuller's rose beetle); Paratrichodorus porosus; Parlatoria pergandii (chaff scale); Parlatoria ziziphi (black parlatoria scale); Parthenolecanium persicae (peach scale); Penicillium digitatum (green mould); Penicillium italicum (blue mould); Pezothrips kellyanus (kelly's citrus thrips); Phoma tracheiphila (mal secco); Pinnaspis strachani (lesser snow scale); Polyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite); Pratylenchus penetrans (nematode, northern root lesion); Pseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.); Pseudococcus comstocki (Comstock mealybug); Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (bacterial canker or blast (stone and pome fruits)); Rhizobium radiobacter (crown gall); Rhizobium rhizogenes (gall); Scirtothrips aurantii (South African citrus thrips); Selenaspidus articulatus (West Indian red scale); Spiroplasma citri (stubborn disease of citrus); Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid); Trioza erytreae (African citrus psyllid); Unaspis citri (citrus snow scale); Unaspis yanonensis (arrowhead scale); Xanthomonas citri (citrus canker); Zonocerus elegans (elegant grasshopper); Zonocerus variegatus (variegated grasshopper)

Minor host of:

Achatina fulica (giant African land snail); Adoretus versutus (rose beetle); Apate monachus (black borer); Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid); Argyrotaenia citrana (orange tortrix); Bactrocera facialis; Bactrocera frauenfeldi (mango fruit fly); Bactrocera jarvisi (Jarvis' fruit fly); Bactrocera minax (Chinese citrus fly); Bactrocera neohumeralis; Bactrocera tryoni (Queensland fruit fly); Brevipalpus chilensis (Chilean false red mite); Cerataphis lataniae (palm aphid); Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly); Ceratocystis radicicola; citrus huanglongbing (greening) disease (citrus greening); Citrus impietratura disease (samrah); Citrus yellow vein clearing virus; Cryptoblabes gnidiella (citrus pyralid); Elsinoë australis (citrus scab); Eudocima fullonia (fruit-piercing moth); Eutypa lata (Eutypa dieback); Fusarium oxysporum (basal rot); Ganoderma lucidum (basal stem rot: Hevea spp.); Lasiodiplodia theobromae (diplodia pod rot of cocoa); Liberibacter africanus (African greening); Liberibacter asiaticus (Asian greening); Peridroma saucia (pearly underwing moth); Phyllocoptruta oleivora (citrus rust mite); Phytophthora citrophthora (brown rot of citrus fruit); Platynota stultana (omnivorous leaf roller); Prays citri (citrus flower moth); Protopulvinaria pyriformis (pyriform scale); Pseudomonas syringae (bacterial blast); Scutellonema clathricaudatum; Sophonia orientalis (two-spotted leafhopper); Spodoptera eridania (southern armyworm); Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm); Syncephalastrum racemosum (black soft rot of Indian gooseberry); Tetranychus cinnabarinus (carmine spider mite); Tylenchorhynchus claytoni (stunt nematode); Xiphinema ifacolum (dagger nematode); Xylella fastidiosa (Pierce's disease of grapevines)

Associated with (not a host):

Aspergillus terreus; Bacillus polymyxa (bacterial: tomato seedling blight); Bacillus subtilis; Hypocrea rufa (green mould of narcissus); Pseudomonas fluorescens (pink eye: potato); Serratia marcescens; Trichoderma harzianum (hyperparasite of Rhizoctonia solani)

Host of (source - data mining):

Alternaria alternata (alternaria leaf spot); Asymmetrasca decedens; Biprorulus bibax; Botryotinia fuckeliana (grey mould-rot); Charaxes jasius; Circulifer tenellus (beet leafhopper); Citrus vein enation disease (citrus woody gall); Coccus viridis (soft green scale); Drosophila pseudoobscura; Drosophila simulans; Empoasca decipiens (leafhopper, cotton); Geotrichum candidum var. citri-aurantii (sour rot: Citrus fruit); Gymnoscelis rufifasciata (double-striped pug); Neoaliturus haematoceps; Nipaecoccus viridis (spherical mealybug); Odontotermes lokanandi; Oemona hirta (lemon tree borer); Phytophthora citricola (black hop root rot); Phytophthora hibernalis (brown rot of Citrus fruit); Phytophthora syringae (twig blight of lilac); Psorosticha zizyphi (citrus leafroller); Rotylenchulus reniformis (reniform nematode); Scaphytopius nitridus; Septoria citri (septoria spot); Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite); Toumeyella cubensis; Tuckerella knorri; Tuckerella pavoniformis; Wound tumour virus

Uses List

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Human food and beverage

• Beverage base
• Food additive
• Fruits
• Spices and culinary herbs

Materials

• Essential oils
• Gum/resin

Medicinal, pharmaceutical

• Traditional/folklore