| Acacia glauca (wild dividivi) | | |
Yes
| |
| Acer rufinerve (grey snake-bark maple) | | |
Yes
| |
| Acmella uliginosa (marsh para cress) | Seeds | |
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Aculops fuchsiae (Fuchsia gall mite) | |
Yes
| | Koehler et al.,
1985 |
| Adiantum hispidulum (rosy maidenhair fern) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Adiantum raddianum (delta maidenhair fern) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Aecidium glycines | |
Yes
| | |
| African cassava mosaic virus (African cassava mosaic) | Wind-aided dispersal of viruliferous whiteflies may contribute to field spread |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Agave americana (century plant) | Seeds, bulbils and stem fragments |
Yes
|
Yes
| Weeds of Australia,
2016 |
| Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) | | |
Yes
| Baker,
1965 |
| Ageratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed) | | |
Yes
| Johnson,
1971 |
| Agrilus planipennis (emerald ash borer) | | |
Yes
| |
| Agropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass) | | |
Yes
| Marlette and Anderson,
1986 |
| Agrostis avenacea (Pacific bent grass) | Seeds and vegetative parts. | |
Yes
| Victorian Resources Online,
2015 |
| Agrostis capillaris (common bent) | | |
Yes
| |
| Ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven) | Frequent, seed |
Yes
|
Yes
| Kowarik and Säumel,
2007 |
| Allamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda) | Winged seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Francis,
2000 |
| Alternanthera halimifolia (hairy joyweed) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Alternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Holm et al.,
1997 |
| Alternaria japonica (pod spot of radish) | conidia | |
Yes
| Tewari and Buchwaldt,
2007; Verma and Saharan,
1994 |
| Alternaria triticina (leaf blight of wheat) | conidia | |
Yes
| Kumar and Arya,
1973a; Kumar and Arya,
1976 |
| Alternaria yali-inficiens (chocolate spot of Ya Li Pear) | Characteristic for Alternaria spores in general | |
Yes
| Rotem,
1994 |
| Amaranthus dubius (spleen amaranth) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Grubben,
2004 |
| Amaranthus tuberculatus (rough-fruited water-hemp) | | |
Yes
| Costea et al.,
2005 |
| Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) | | |
Yes
| |
| Ambrosia trifida (giant ragweed) | | |
Yes
| |
| Amphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle) | | |
Yes
| Tarasov and Zevina,
1957 |
| Andropogon glomeratus (bushy bluestem) | | |
Yes
| PIER,
2008; Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Andropogon virginicus (broomsedge) | | |
Yes
| |
| Apiognomonia erythrostoma (cherry leaf scorch) | ejected ascospores are airborne | |
Yes
| Hecht and Zinkernagel,
2006 |
| Aproceros leucopoda (elm zigzag sawfly) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Blank et al.,
2010 |
| Argemone ochroleuca (pale Mexican pricklypoppy) | | |
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Aristida ternipes (spidergrass) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Aristolochia ringens (Dutchman’s pipe) | Seeds are winged, adapted for wind dispersal | |
Yes
| Acevedo-Rodríguez,
2005 |
| Arkoola nigra (black leaf blight of soybean) | ascospores | |
Yes
| Walker and Stovold,
1986 |
| Arrhenatherum elatius (false oat-grass) | | |
Yes
| Albrecht et al.,
2008 |
| Artemisia biennis (biennial wormwood) | Seeds | |
Yes
| Kegode and Darbyshire,
2013 |
| Arthraxon hispidus (small carpetgrass) | | |
Yes
| |
| Arundo donax (giant reed) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| USDA-NRCS,
2014 |
| Asclepias syriaca (common milkweed) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Bhowmik,
1982; Pleasants,
1991 |
| Aulacaspis yasumatsui (cycad aulacaspis scale) | | |
Yes
| |
| Austropuccinia psidii (myrtle rust) | Spores |
Yes
|
Yes
| Carnegie and Cooper,
2011; Grgurinovic et al.,
2006 |
| Avena barbata (slender oat) | Seeds can be dispersed locally via wind. | |
Yes
| |
| Axonopus fissifolius | | |
Yes
| |
| Bactericera cockerelli (tomato/potato psyllid) | |
Yes
| | |
| Bactrocera dorsalis (Oriental fruit fly) | Adults | |
Yes
| |
| Bauhinia variegata (mountain ebony) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Smith,
2010 |
| Blechnum appendiculatum (palm fern) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Bothriochloa ischaemum (yellow bluestem) | Seeds | |
Yes
| Texas Invasives,
2015 |
| Bothriochloa pertusa (pitted beard grass) | Presumed | |
Yes
| |
| Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp. pyricola (Physalospora canker) | ascospores | |
Yes
| |
| Brassica tournefortii (African mustard) | Seeds, plant fragments |
Yes
| | USDA-ARS,
2015 |
| Briza maxima (large quaking grass) | | |
Yes
| |
| Bromus hordeaceus (soft brome) | |
Yes
| | Williams et al.,
2011 |
| Bromus secalinus (rye brome) | | |
Yes
| |
| Buddleja asiatica (dog tail) | Numerous tiny seeds are dispersed widely. |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Buddleja davidii (butterfly bush) | | |
Yes
| |
| Bunias orientalis (Turkish warty-cabbage) | | |
Yes
| |
| Caesalpinia violacea (brasiletto) | Dehiscent legume | |
Yes
| Barreto,
1998 |
| Campylopus introflexus | Spores over large distances, shoot tips over short distances |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Cardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Weeds of Australia,
2015 |
| Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Gildenhuys et al.,
2013 |
| Carduus pycnocephalus (Italian thistle) | | |
Yes
| |
| Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| PROTA,
2015 |
| Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass) | | |
Yes
| |
| Centaurea debeauxii (meadow knapweed) | | |
Yes
| |
| Centratherum punctatum (lark daisy) | Achenes |
Yes
|
Yes
| Woodson and Schery,
1975 |
| Chloris virgata (feather finger grass) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| PIER,
2015 |
| Chondrilla juncea (rush skeletonweed) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| USDA-NRCS,
2015 |
| Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed) | Main means of dispersal | |
Yes
| |
| Chrysomyxa abietis (needle rust of fir) | Basidiospores | |
Yes
| Collins,
1976a |
| Chrysomyxa himalensis (needle rust of spruce) | Basidiospores, aeciospores, urediniospores of most rusts | |
Yes
| Alexopoulos et al.,
1996 |
| Chrysomyxa rhododendri (European Rhododendron rust) | Basidiospores, aeciospores, urediniospores | |
Yes
| Bennell,
1985 |
| Ciborinia allii (neck rot of onion) | conidia | |
Yes
| Lacy and Lorbeer,
1995 |
| Cinchona pubescens (quinine tree) | Winged seeds aid in naturalization and spread locally | |
Yes
| Buddenhagen et al.,
2004; Starr et al.,
2003 |
| Cirsium mexicanum (Mexican thistle) | Seeds with bristles |
Yes
|
Yes
| Pruski,
2012 |
| Claviceps africana (ergot) | conidia | |
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007; Frederickson et al.,
1993; Workneh and Rush,
2002 |
| Claviceps fusiformis (pearl millet ergot) | Conidia | |
Yes
| Sharma and Chauhan,
1982; Verma and Pathak,
1986 |
| Claviceps gigantea (horse's tooth) | Ascospores | |
Yes
| Fuentes et al.,
1964 |
| Claviceps sorghi (sorghum ergot) | | |
Yes
| Frederickson,
1999 |
| Claviceps sorghicola | macroconidia | |
Yes
| Tsukiboshi et al.,
1999 |
| Clematis terniflora (sweet autumn clematis) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007; Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Combretum grandiflorum (showy combretum) | Fruits are 5-winged and adapted for wind dispersal | |
Yes
| Acevedo-Rodríguez,
2005; Midgley,
1998 |
| Cortaderia jubata (purple pampas grass) | | |
Yes
| |
| Corymbia citriodora (lemon-scented gum) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Doran,
1999 |
| Crassocephalum crepidioides (redflower ragleaf) | Seeds with silky pappus hairs |
Yes
|
Yes
| Denton,
2004 |
| Crassostrea virginica (eastern oyster) | | |
Yes
| |
| Crassula helmsii (Australian swamp stonecrop) | | |
Yes
| CAPM-CEH,
2004 |
| Cronartium flaccidum (Scots pine blister rust) | aeciospores, urediniospores |
Yes
|
Yes
| Smith et al.,
1988 |
| Crumenulopsis sororia | Ascospores | |
Yes
| Hayes,
1975; Hayes,
1980 |
| Cryptostegia madagascariensis (Madagascar rubbervine) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| PIER,
2012 |
| Cupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean cypress) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Cyathea cooperi (australian tree fern) | Spores are carried by wind | |
Yes
| Medeiros et al.,
1992 |
| Cyclosorus parasiticus (parasitic maiden fern) | Arrived on oceanic islands via spore dispersal |
Yes
| | Holttum,
1976 |
| Cymbopogon nardus (citronella grass) | |
Yes
| | NARO,
2004 |
| Cynara cardunculus (cardoon) | Seeds | |
Yes
| Kelly,
2000 |
| Cynodon nlemfuensis (African Bermuda-grass) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Cook et al.,
2005 |
| Cyperus papyrus (papyrus) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Cyrtomium falcatum (Japanese holly fern) | | |
Yes
| |
| Cytisus scoparius (Scotch broom) | | |
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass) | Seeds | |
Yes
| Holm et al.,
1977 |
| Dalbergia sissoo | | |
Yes
| Morton,
2007 |
| Daphnia lumholtzi | Wind and atmospheric transport is likely to be a frequent mode of local and long distance dispersal |
Yes
|
Yes
| Cáceres and Soluk,
2002; Cohen and Shurin,
2003; Havel and Shurin,
2004 |
| Daucus carota (carrot) | | |
Yes
| Umehara et al.,
2005 |
| Dendrocalamus strictus (male bamboo) | Seeds are wind-dispersed | |
Yes
| Flora of China Editorial Committee,
2015 |
| Deparia petersenii subsp. petersenii (Petersen’s lady fern) | Spore distribution |
Yes
|
Yes
| Shinohara et al.,
2006 |
| Descurainia sophia (flixweed) | | |
Yes
| University of Alaska Anchorage,
2011 |
| Dichanthium annulatum (Kleberg's bluestem) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Vibrans,
2011 |
| Dichanthium caricosum (nadi blue grass) | Seeds | |
Yes
| |
| Dickeya solani (black leg disease of potato) | Likely to spread by wind-blown rain from heavily infected growing plants | |
Yes
| Toth et al.,
2011 |
| Didymella fabae (leaf and pod spot) | Ascospores. Possibly long distance also | |
Yes
| Jellis and Punithalingam,
1991 |
| Digitaria bicornis (Asian crabgrass) | | |
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Digitaria insularis (sourgrass) | | |
Yes
| |
| Dioscorea alata (white yam) | Winged seeds |
Yes
| | Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Dioscorea bulbifera (air potato) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Wagner et al.,
1999 |
| Dolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper) | Winged seeds dispersed by wind |
Yes
|
Yes
| Langeland et al.,
2008 |
| Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila) | | |
Yes
| |
| Drymaria cordata (tropical chickweed) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Holm et al.,
1997 |
| Dysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| USDA-ARS,
2013 |
| Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Waterhouse,
1994 |
| Ehrharta calycina (perennial veldtgrass) | | |
Yes
| Bossard et al.,
2000 |
| Elephantopus mollis (elephant's foot) | | |
Yes
| Queensland Government,
2014 |
| Emex spinosa (spiny emex) | |
Yes
| | |
| Emilia fosbergii (Florida tassel-flower) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Vibrans,
2011 |
| Epilobium ciliatum (northern willowherb) | | |
Yes
| |
| Eragrostis atrovirens (thalia lovegrass) | Seeds dispersed by wind |
Yes
|
Yes
| PIER,
2016 |
| Eragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass) | Seeds dispersed by wind |
Yes
|
Yes
| PIER,
2016 |
| Eragrostis lehmanniana (Lehmann lovegrass) | | |
Yes
| USDA Forest Service,
2014 |
| Eragrostis plana (South African lovegrass) | Seeds carried by wind |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Erechtites glomerata (fireweed) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Erechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed) | Hairy pappus on seeds aids wind dispersal |
Yes
|
Yes
| Darbyshire et al.,
2012 |
| Erechtites valerianifolius (tropical burnweed) | Seeds | |
Yes
| Schwirkowski,
2013 |
| Erigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane) | Spreads quickly due to its efficient anemochorous dissemination system | |
Yes
| Triolo,
2005 |
| Erwinia amylovora (fireblight) | | |
Yes
| |
| Eucalyptus globulus (Tasmanian blue gum) | | |
Yes
| |
| Eucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany) | Seeds wind-dispersed | |
Yes
| Orwa et al.,
2009 |
| Euschistus heros (Neotropical brown stink bug) | Dispersed by strong winds. | |
Yes
| Aldrich,
1990 |
| Fallopia convolvulus (black bindweed) | | |
Yes
| Rutledge and McLendon,
1996 |
| Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug) | | |
Yes
| |
| Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue) | | |
Yes
| Australian Government Office of the Gene Technology Regulator,
2008 |
| Fimbristylis cymosa (tropical fimbry) | | |
Yes
| |
| Fimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Holm et al.,
1977 |
| Flemingia strobilifera (wild hops) | Seeds | |
Yes
| ISSG,
2014 |
| Fraxinus uhdei (tropical ash) | | |
Yes
| |
| Gaillardia pulchella (Indian blanket) | Seeds are wind-dispersed |
Yes
|
Yes
| Turner and Whalen,
1975 |
| Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Damalas,
2008 |
| Galphimia glauca (goldshower ) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Anderson,
2007 |
| Globodera pallida (white potato cyst nematode) | | |
Yes
| Been and Schomaker,
2006 |
| Globodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode) | | |
Yes
| |
| Gomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Motooka et al.,
2003 |
| Grevillea robusta (silky oak) | Seeds are wind-dispersed |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Gymnosporangium miyabei | |
Yes
| | Yamada and Miyake,
1908 |
| Gypsophila paniculata (baby’s breath) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Darwent,
1975 |
| Haematoxylum campechianum (logwood) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Gurib-Fakim,
2005 |
| Halogeton glomeratus (halogeton) | |
Yes
| | Tilley et al.,
2015 |
| Heliocarpus americanus (white moho) | | |
Yes
| Smith,
1985 |
| Helminthotheca echioides (bristly oxtongue) | | |
Yes
| New Zealand Plant Conservation Network,
2016 |
| Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed) | | |
Yes
| Tiley et al.,
1996 |
| Heracleum persicum (Persian hogweed) | | |
Yes
| |
| Heracleum sosnowskyi (Sosnowskyi's hogweed) | Seeds can be blown particularly over frozen or snow-covered land | |
Yes
| Kabuce,
2006 |
| Heterodera glycines (soybean cyst nematode) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Heterotheca grandiflora (telegraph weed) | | |
Yes
| DiTomaso and Healy,
2007 |
| Hibiscus elatus (blue mahoe) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Hiptage benghalensis (hiptage) | | |
Yes
| PIER,
2007 |
| Hirschfeldia incana (shortpod mustard) | | |
Yes
| South East Natural Resources Management Board,
2009 |
| Hydrocharis morsus-ranae | | |
Yes
| Catling et al.,
2003 |
| Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (ash dieback) | ascospores | |
Yes
| Kowalski and Holdenrieder,
2009a |
| Hyparrhenia rufa (Jaragua grass) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Starr et al.,
2003 |
| Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) | Small seeds readily carried by wind | |
Yes
| TISDALE et al.,
1959 |
| Hypogeococcus pungens (cactus mealybug) | | |
Yes
| McFadyen,
1979 |
| Impatiens balsamina (garden balsam) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| van Valkenburg and Bunyapraphatsara,
2001 |
| Imperata cylindrica (cogon grass) | | |
Yes
| |
| Indian cassava mosaic virus (Indian cassava mosaic) | Spread may occur via movement of wind-aided viruliferous whiteflies. |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Indigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo) | | |
Yes
| |
| Inula britannica (british yellowhead) | | |
Yes
| |
| Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory) | Seeds dispersed by wind | |
Yes
| Al-Sodany,
2016 |
| Ipomoea purpurea (tall morning glory) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| USDA-ARS,
2014 |
| Iris yellow spot virus (iris yellow spot) | Wind can spread thrips to new cropping areas |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Isatis tinctoria (dyer's woad) | Suggested as important under snow conditions |
Yes
|
Yes
| Farah et al.,
1988 |
| Jacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda) | | |
Yes
| |
| Jatropha gossypiifolia (bellyache bush) | Cyclones |
Yes
| | |
| Juncus planifolius (broadleaf rush) | | |
Yes
| |
| Kalanchoe daigremontiana (devil's backbone) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Herrera and Nassar,
2009 |
| Kalanchoe delagoensis (chandelier plant) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| BioNET-EAFRINET,
2011 |
| Lachnellula willkommii (European larch canker) | |
Yes
| | Sinclair and Lyon,
2005 |
| Lactuca floridana (woodland lettuce) | | |
Yes
| |
| Lagerstroemia indica (Indian crape myrtle) | Seeds are wind-dispersed |
Yes
|
Yes
| Orwa et al.,
2009 |
| Lagerstroemia speciosa (Pride of India) | Seeds are wind-dispersed | |
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Lathyrus odoratus (sweet pea) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| PFAF,
2017 |
| Lemna minuta | |
Yes
| | Armstrong,
2009 |
| Leonurus japonicus (honeyweed) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Lepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress) | Individual seedpods or entire racemes can be carried away by wind. | |
Yes
| Encyclopedia of Life,
2016 |
| Leptocybe invasa (blue gum chalcid) | | |
Yes
| |
| Leptospermum scoparium (manuka) | | |
Yes
| |
| Limnobium laevigatum (South American spongeplant) | | |
Yes
| Akers,
2010 |
| Limnocharis flava (yellow bur-head) | | |
Yes
| |
| Linaria dalmatica (dalmatian toadflax) | | |
Yes
| |
| Lindernia crustacea (Malaysian false pimpernel) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Holm et al.,
1979 |
| Livistona chinensis (Chinese fan palm) | seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| ISSG,
2016 |
| Lupinus plattensis (Nebraska lupine) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Georgia,
1914 |
| Lygodium japonicum (Japanese climbing fern) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Ferriter,
2001 |
| Macaranga tanarius (parasol leaf tree) | | |
Yes
| Starr et al.,
2003 |
| Macrothelypteris torresiana (swordfern) | Spores |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Melaleuca quinquenervia (paperbark tree) | | |
Yes
| PIER,
2007 |
| Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Melinis repens (natal redtop) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Stokes et al.,
2011 |
| Merremia tuberosa (woodrose) | Stem fragments and seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Mansur,
2001 |
| Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (crystalline iceplant) | | |
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Mikania micrantha (bitter vine) | |
Yes
| | |
| Mikania scandens | | |
Yes
| PIER,
2013 |
| Miscanthus sinensis (eulalia) | Seed wind dispersal in USA | |
Yes
| Meyer,
2003 |
| Monilinia fructigena (brown rot) | ascospores and conidia | |
Yes
| Batra,
1991; Byrde and Willetts,
1977 |
| Moniliophthora roreri (frosty pod rot) | Dominant natural means of dispersal | |
Yes
| |
| Mononychellus tanajoa (cassava green mite) | Eggs, crawlers/adults. Common pathway | |
Yes
| |
| Moraea (Cape tulip) | | |
Yes
| |
| Moraea collina (Cape tulip) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Moraea miniata (two-leaf Cape-tulip) | | |
Yes
| |
| Moringa oleifera (horse radish tree) | Seeds are winged and disperse over short distances | |
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Murdannia nudiflora (doveweed) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Mycosphaerella gibsonii (needle blight of pine) | | |
Yes
| |
| Myroxylon balsamum (Peru balsam) | | |
Yes
| |
| Nelsonia canescens (blue pussyleaf) | Seeds | |
Yes
| Daniel,
2001 |
| Neolecanium cornuparvum (magnolia scale) | | |
Yes
| |
| Neyraudia reynaudiana (burma reed) | | |
Yes
| |
| Oracella acuta (loblolly pine mealybug) | Immature forms transported by wind | |
Yes
| |
| Orobanche cernua (nodding broomrape) | | |
Yes
| |
| Orobanche cumana (sunflower broomrape) | | |
Yes
| |
| Orobanche ramosa (branched broomrape) | | |
Yes
| |
| Paederia foetida (skunkvine) | | |
Yes
| Puff and Werbowsky,
1991 |
| Paracoccus marginatus (papaya mealybug) | | |
Yes
| |
| Parentucellia viscosa (yellow glandweed) | | |
Yes
| |
| Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed) | | |
Yes
| Navie et al.,
1996; Taye,
2002 |
| Paspalum paniculatum (Russell River grass) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Más and Garcia-Molinari,
2006 |
| Pastinaca sativa (parsnip) | Frequent short distance dispersal of seeds by wind | |
Yes
| Cain et al.,
2010 |
| Paulownia tomentosa (paulownia) | | |
Yes
| SE-EPPC,
2003 |
| Pelagia noctiluca (mauve stinger) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Pelargonium peltatum (ivy geranium) | Pelargonium spp. can disperse their small seeds by wind, water, and soil. | |
Yes
| Dixon,
2011; Western Australian Herbarium,
2014 |
| Pelargonium zonale (horseshoe pelargonium) | Members of the Pelargonium genus can disperse their small seeds by wind, water, and soil. |
Yes
|
Yes
| Dixon,
2011; Western Australian Herbarium,
2014 |
| Pennisetum polystachion (mission grass) | | |
Yes
| Parsons and Cuthbertson,
1992 |
| Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Duke,
1983 |
| Pennisetum setaceum (fountain grass) | Seeds |
Yes
| | Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Persicaria wallichii (Himalayan knotweed) | | |
Yes
| |
| Petiveria alliacea (guinea hen weed) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Alegre and Clavo,
2007 |
| Phakopsora ampelopsidis (Ampelopsis rust fungus) | Urediniospores, basidiospores |
Yes
|
Yes
| Alexopoulos et al.,
1996 |
| Phakopsora euvitis (grape rust fungus) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Alexopoulos et al.,
1996 |
| Phakopsora meibomiae (soybean rust) | Urediniospores |
Yes
|
Yes
| Stavely and Pastor-Corrales,
2005 |
| Phleum pratense (timothy grass) | | |
Yes
| |
| Phoma tracheiphila (mal secco) | | |
Yes
| Balmas et al.,
2005; Laviola and Scarito,
1989 |
| Phomopsis vexans (Phomopsis blight of eggplant) | | |
Yes
| Edgerton and Moreland,
1921 |
| Phragmites australis (common reed) | | |
Yes
| |
| Phyllachora maydis (black spot of maize) | Ascospores | |
Yes
| Hock et al.,
1995; Liu,
1973 |
| Phytophthora lateralis (Port-Orford-cedar root disease) | | |
Yes
| Robin et al.,
2011; Trione and Roth,
1957 |
| Pinus caribaea (Caribbean pine) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Oteng-Amoako and Brink,
2008 |
| Pinus contorta (lodgepole pine) | Up to 8 km dispersal recorded | |
Yes
| Langdon et al.,
2010; Ledgard,
2001 |
| Pinus elliottii (slash pine) | | |
Yes
| Cooper,
1957; Queensland Government,
2011 |
| Pinus pinaster (maritime pine) | | |
Yes
| Cronk and Fuller,
1995 |
| Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug) | | |
Yes
| Gerson,
2016 |
| Pluchea indica (Indian camphorweed) | Natural dispersion of seed | |
Yes
| |
| Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) | Adults |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chapman et al.,
2002 |
| Poa annua (annual meadowgrass) | Seed |
Yes
|
Yes
| Holm et al.,
1997 |
| Polygonum arenastrum (common knotweed) | | |
Yes
| Hook,
2013 |
| Polypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass) | | |
Yes
| |
| Portulaca quadrifida (chickenweed) | | |
Yes
| |
| Prunus serotina (black cherry) | The bulk of the fruits, i.e., up to 95 %, fall within the first 5–10 m of the seed tree in forests | |
Yes
| Hoppes,
1988 |
| Pseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Kuate,
1998 |
| Pseudococcus viburni (obscure mealybug) | Growing season; first-instar crawlers blown away | |
Yes
| |
| Puccinia buxi | Basidiospores | |
Yes
| Alexopoulos et al.,
1996 |
| Puccinia gladioli | spores | |
Yes
| Wise et al.,
2004 |
| Puccinia pittieriana (common rust of potato) | basidiospores | |
Yes
| EPPO,
1988 |
| Pucciniastrum coryli | |
Yes
| | |
| Pyrrhalta luteola (elm leaf beetle) | Adults are not long distance flyers – can move from tree to tree |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Quadrastichus erythrinae (Erythrina gall wasp) | | |
Yes
| |
| Raoiella indica (red palm mite) | Thought to aid dispersal locally or between islands in the Caribbean |
Yes
|
Yes
| Hoy et al.,
2006 |
| Rhamphicarpa fistulosa | Seeds are tiny and could be transported by wind |
Yes
| | |
| Rhaponticum repens (Russian knapweed) | | |
Yes
| |
| Rubus parviflorus (thimbleberry) | Seeds | |
Yes
| Haeussler et al.,
1990 |
| Salvinia auriculata (giant salvinia) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| ISSG,
2009 |
| Schismus arabicus (Arabian schismus) | Seeds are wind dispersed |
Yes
|
Yes
| Esque and Schwalbe,
2002 |
| Schizolobium parahyba (Brazilian fern tree) | Fruits wind-dispersed | |
Yes
| Turchetto-Zolet et al.,
2012 |
| Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae (brown stripe downy mildew of maize) | | |
Yes
| Singh and Renfro,
1971 |
| Senecio glastifolius (holly leaved senecio) | | |
Yes
| |
| Senecio inaequidens (South African ragwort) | | |
Yes
| Monty et al.,
2008 |
| Senna multijuga (November shower) | Seed is adapted for wind dispersal | |
Yes
| PIER,
2014 |
| Sesbania sericea (silky sesban) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Francis,
2000 |
| Setaria palmifolia (palm grass) | | |
Yes
| |
| Sida repens (Javanese fanpetals) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Raju and Rani,
2016 |
| Silene latifolia subsp. alba (white campion) | Natural seed dispersal | |
Yes
| Jongejans and Schippers,
1999 |
| Solanum capsicoides (cockroach berry) | |
Yes
| | Levin et al.,
2005 |
| Solanum rostratum (prickly nightshade) | Species is a tumbleweed |
Yes
|
Yes
| CSU,
2010 |
| Solenopsis richteri (black imported fire ant) | Newly mated queens | |
Yes
| Taber,
2000 |
| Solidago canadensis (Canadian goldenrod) | | |
Yes
| Werner et al.,
1980 |
| Solidago gigantea (giant goldenrod) | |
Yes
| | Weber and Jakobs,
2005 |
| Solidago nemoralis (grey goldenrod) | Hypothetical | |
Yes
| |
| Sonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Hutchinson et al.,
1984 |
| Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass) | | |
Yes
| |
| Spartium junceum (Spanish broom) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Nilsen et al.,
1993; Zouhar,
2005 |
| Spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree) | | |
Yes
| ICRAF,
2008 |
| Spathoglottis plicata (Philippine ground orchid) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Spermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood) | | |
Yes
| |
| Spodoptera litura (taro caterpillar) | Adult moth | |
Yes
| |
| Sporisorium pulverulentum (Sporisorium smut of wild Saccharum) | | |
Yes
| |
| Sporisorium sacchari (Asian sugarcane smut) | spores | |
Yes
| Lee-Lovick,
1978 |
| Sporobolus pyramidalis (giant rat’s tail grass) | | |
Yes
| |
| Sporobolus tenuissimus (tropical dropseed) | Seeds are small and wind dispersed |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Striga asiatica (witch weed) | | |
Yes
| |
| Tabebuia heterophylla (pink trumpet tree) | Up to or over 100m | |
Yes
| Weaver,
1990 |
| Tabebuia rosea (pink poui) | Seeds are wind dispersed | |
Yes
| PROTA,
2016 |
| Tamarix ramosissima (saltcedar) | | |
Yes
| |
| Tecoma capensis (Cape honeysuckle) | Winged seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| PROTA,
2016 |
| Thaumastocoris peregrinus (bronze bug) | Adults | |
Yes
| Nadel et al.,
2010 |
| Thecaphora frezii (peanut smut) | Spores can be transported by wind from infested plots to healthy plots. Peanut processing plants are a major source of aerial spores | |
Yes
| Cazón,
2015; Rago et al.,
2016; Rago et al.,
2017 |
| Thekopsora areolata (cherry spruce rust) | Basidiospores, aeciospores, urediniospores | |
Yes
| Alexopoulos et al.,
1996 |
| Thelypteris opulenta (jewelled maiden fern) | Spores | |
Yes
| |
| Tithonia diversifolia (Tithonia) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Roothaert and Paterson,
1997 |
| Tithonia rotundifolia (red sunflower) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (leaf curl) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Cohen et al.,
1988 |
| Trachelospermum jasminoides (star-jasmine) | Seeds | |
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Tradescantia spathacea (boat lily) | Seeds carried by wind |
Yes
|
Yes
| Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council,
2011 |
| Trichoconiella padwickii (stackburn disease) | conidia | |
Yes
| Sreeramulu and Vittal,
1966 |
| Trifolium hybridum (alsike clover) | | |
Yes
| |
| Triplaris americana (ant tree) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Pires et al.,
2015 |
| Turbina corymbosa (Christmas vine) | | |
Yes
| |
| Typha angustifolia (lesser bulrush) | | |
Yes
| |
| Typha domingensis (southern cattail) | Achenes with hairs. |
Yes
|
Yes
| Krattinger,
1975 |
| Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail) | | |
Yes
| Grace and Harrison,
1986 |
| Typha x glauca (hybrid cattail) | Fruits with hairs |
Yes
|
Yes
| Krattinger,
1975 |
| Ulex europaeus (gorse) | | |
Yes
| Hill et al.,
1996 |
| Uraba lugens (eucalypt leaf skeletonizer) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Urochloa decumbens (signal grass) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Cook et al.,
2005 |
| Urochloa reptans (sprawling signalgrass) | Seeds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chung et al.,
2007 |
| Urocystis agropyri (flag smut of wheat) | | |
Yes
| Vánky and Shivas,
2008 |
| Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Verbesina encelioides (golden crownbeard) | | |
Yes
| Kaul and Mangal,
1987 |
| Vespa velutina (Asian hornet) | | |
Yes
| |
| Viguiera dentata (sunflower goldeneye) | Seeds | |
Yes
| Schilling,
2006 |
| Wheat streak mosaic virus (wheat streak) | The vector is carried by winds for up to 4 km. |
Yes
| | Coutts et al.,
2008 |
| Zinnia peruviana (Peruvian zinnia) | Seeds adapted for wind dispersal | |
Yes
| PlantPono,
2014 |
| Ziziphus spina-christi (Christ's thorn jujube) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Saied et al.,
2008 |
