Acanthogobius flavimanus | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Nico and Fuller (2008) |
Acanthophora spicifera | Attached plants that could colonise by either spore release or vegetative fragmentation |
Yes
|
Yes
| Doty (1961) |
Alitta succinea (pile worm) | |
Yes
| | |
Amphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Carlton et al. (2011) |
Arcuatula senhousia (Asian date mussel) | adults |
Yes
|
Yes
| NIMPIS (2002) |
Ascidiella aspersa (European sea squirt) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Asterias amurensis (northern Pacific seastar) | |
Yes
| | |
Austrominius modestus | Perhaps from New Zealand to Australia before 1836, and to Europe |
Yes
|
Yes
| Crisp (1958); Foster (1982) |
Botrylloides perspicuus | Adult colonies or colony fragments |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Botrylloides violaceus (violet tunicate) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Lambert (2007); Pederson et al. (2005) |
Brachidontes pharaonis | |
Yes
|
Yes
| CIESM (2009) |
Bugula neritina (brown bryozoan) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Caprella mutica | C. mutica observed on commercial (fishing boats) and recreational boat hulls |
Yes
|
Yes
| Cook et al. (2007a) |
Carcinus maenas (European shore crab) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Carijoa riisei (branched pipe coral) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea | anchors |
Yes
|
Yes
| Verlaque et al. (2003) |
Cercopagis pengoi (fishhook waterflea) | adult or resting egg | |
Yes
| Crosier and Molloy (2007) |
Chama macerophylla (leafy jewelbox) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Chthamalus proteus | Frequency unknown; adults observed on boat hulls in native and invaded range |
Yes
|
Yes
| Zabin (2005) |
Ciona intestinalis (sea vase) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Ciona savignyi | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Codium fragile subsp. tomentosoides | Erect plants and green bump form |
Yes
|
Yes
| Carlton and Scanlon (1985) |
Codium parvulum | | |
Yes
| Hoffman et al. (2014) |
Coptotermes gestroi (Asian subterranean termite) | Alates |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Corbicula fluminea (Asian clam) | Transport of pediveliger larvae and juveniles | |
Yes
| Karatayev et al. (2007) |
Cordylophora (euryhaline hydroid) | Assumed adult colonies |
Yes
|
Yes
| bij et al. (2002); Carlton (1979); Pienimäki and Leppäkoski (2004); Streftaris et al. (2005) |
Corella eumyota (orange-tipped sea squirt) | Adults |
Yes
|
Yes
| Wasson et al. (2001); Lambert (2004); Minchin (2007); El-Nagar et al. (2010) |
Crassostrea virginica (eastern oyster) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Crepidula fornicata (American slipper limpet) | For Italy or Greece (see history chapter), and for the arrival in Normandy in 1944 |
Yes
| | Blanchard (1995) |
Didemnum vexillum (carpet sea squirt) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Lambert (2007); Pederson et al. (2005) |
Diplosoma listerianum | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Lambert (2007); Pederson et al. (2005) |
Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (quagga mussel) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Orlova et al. (2005) |
Elodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed) | | |
Yes
| |
Eriocheir hepuensis (Hepu mitten crab) | Adults can be transported on ship hulls | | | Naser et al. (2012) |
Eriocheir sinensis (Chinese mitten crab) | |
Yes
| | Gollasch (2006) |
Eualetes tulipa | Most probable vector for adults. No reports in the literature |
Yes
| | |
Ficopomatus enigmaticus (tubeworm) | Transported as adult |
Yes
|
Yes
| Hewitt et al. (2009) |
Gammarus tigrinus | Possible | |
Yes
| Sylvester and MacIsaac (2010) |
Gracilaria salicornia | Attached plants |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Grateloupia turuturu | Growing on boat hulls |
Yes
| | Farnham (1978); Farnham (1980); Simon et al. (2001) |
Hemigrapsus sanguineus (Asian shore crab) | Adult |
Yes
| | |
Hemigrapsus takanoi (brush-clawed shore crab) | Larval/adult |
Yes
| | Gollasch (1999) |
Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla) | | |
Yes
| |
Hypnea musciformis | Drift plants entangled around hull appendages | |
Yes
| |
Limnomysis benedeni | Mysids attached to the outside hull of ships |
Yes
|
Yes
| Behning (1938); Reinhold and Tittizer (1997); Reinhold and Tittizer (1998); Wittmann (1995) |
Limnoperna fortunei (golden mussel) | Fixed juveniles and adults | |
Yes
| Darrigran (2002) |
Limnoria lignorum (gribble) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Iljin (1992); Shino (1950); Vinogradov et al. (2006) |
Limnoria quadripunctata (gribble) | Colonies in hulls of wooden boats is seen as a likely means of dispersal |
Yes
|
Yes
| Carlton (1975) |
Magallana gigas (Pacific oyster) | |
Yes
| | Minchin and Gollasch (2008) |
Marisa cornuarietis (giant ramshorn) | Eggs and/or snails attached to hull in vessels operating in reshwater systems | |
Yes
| |
Miconia calvescens (miconia) | Introduced in Nuku Hiva and Fatu Hiva (Marquesas, French Polynesia) by contaminated vehicles |
Yes
| | |
Microcosmus squamiger | Assumed to be the main factor responsible for adult transport |
Yes
| | Rius et al. (2008b) |
Mycale grandis (orange keyhole sponge) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Myriophyllum heterophyllum (broadleaf watermilfoil) | | |
Yes
| |
Myriophyllum spicatum (spiked watermilfoil) | | |
Yes
| |
Mytilicola intestinalis (mussel red worm) | In infected bivalve hosts attached to ship/boat hull. |
Yes
|
Yes
| Rohde (1993); Wickstead (1960) |
Mytilopsis sallei (Caribbean false mussel) | | |
Yes
| Willan et al. (2000) |
Mytilus galloprovincialis (Mediterranean mussel) | |
Yes
| | |
Neogobius fluviatilis (monkey goby) | Possibly as eggs |
Yes
|
Yes
| Ahnelt et al. (1998) |
Neogobius melanostomus (round goby) | Possibly as eggs |
Yes
|
Yes
| Corkum et al. (2004); Jude (1997); Jude et al. (1992) |
Palaemon macrodactylus (oriental shrimp) | Most likely as adults | |
Yes
| Ashelby et al. (2004); Béguer et al. (2007); Cuesta et al. (2004); González-Ortegón et al. (2007); Micu and Nita (2009); Newman (1963); Spivak et al. (2006); Udekem et al. (2005) |
Percnon gibbesi (sally lightfoot crab) | adult |
Yes
|
Yes
| Cannicci et al. (2006) |
Perna viridis (Asian green mussel) | |
Yes
| | |
Petricolaria pholadiformis (false angel wing) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Zenetos et al. (2004) |
Petromyzon marinus (sea lamprey) | Adults |
Yes
| | Fuller et al. (2008) |
Phyllorhiza punctata (Australian spotted jellyfish) | |
Yes
| | |
Pinctada imbricata radiata (rayed pearl oyster) | |
Yes
| | |
Polyandrocarpa zorritensis | |
Yes
| | Brunetti and Mastrototaro (2004) |
Polysiphonia brodiei | this has been speculated as the means of introduction by |
Yes
|
Yes
| Adams (1983); Womersley (1979) |
Pomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Pomacea maculata | Eggs, hatchlings |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Pontogammarus robustoides | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Arbaciauskas et al. (2011a); Kurashov and Barbashova (2008); Panov et al. (2009) |
Rattus rattus (black rat) | |
Yes
| | |
Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Harris mud crab) | |
Yes
| | Cohen and Carlton (1995) |
Sargassum muticum (wire weed) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Schizoporella errata (branching bryozoan) | |
Yes
| | |
Schizoporella japonica (orange ripple bryozoan) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Ryland et al. (2014) |
Styela clava (Asian tunicate) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Styela plicata (pleated sea squirt) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Teredo navalis (naval shipworm) | Adults inside wood that release larvae |
Yes
|
Yes
| Didžiulis (2011) |
Tricellaria inopinata | | |
Yes
| Dyrynda et al. (2000) |
Tridentiger trigonocephalus (chameleon goby) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Lockett and Gomon (2001); NIMPIS (2014) |
Tubastraea coccinea (orange-cup coral) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
Ulva pertusa | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Aguilar-Rosas et al. (2008) |
Ulva reticulata (ribbon sea lettuce) | Attached germlings, spores, zygotes |
Yes
|
Yes
| Piola and Conwell (2010) |
Undaria pinnatifida (Asian kelp) | Microscopic gametophytes | |
Yes
| Forrest et al. (2000); Voisin et al. (2005) |