| Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) | | |
Yes
| Sankaran,
2002 |
| Aeginetia indica (forest ghost flower) | Not mentioned in references but foraging for medicinal purposes could be a possible cause of dispersal | |
Yes
| |
| Alocasia cucullata (Chinese taro) | Corms consumed by humans | |
Yes
| Useful Tropical Plants,
2019 |
| Alocasia macrorrhizos (giant taro) | | |
Yes
| Manner,
2011 |
| Alternanthera bettzickiana (calico plant) | Used as a vegetable. | |
Yes
| Useful Tropical Plants,
2016 |
| Aphanomyces astaci | | |
Yes
| Oidtmann et al.,
2005 |
| Asclepias curassavica (bloodflower) | People sharing | |
Yes
| |
| Avena barbata (slender oat) | This is a wild oat species and has edible seed which could be spread while foraging | |
Yes
| |
| Bambusa vulgaris (common bamboo) | Young shoots are edible |
Yes
|
Yes
| Dransfield and Widjaja,
1995 |
| Basella alba (malabar spinach) | In some African countries people forage the leaves of plants growing near houses |
Yes
|
Yes
| PROTA,
2017 |
| Brachypodium sylvaticum (slender false brome) | Not documented but possible | |
Yes
| |
| Callosciurus finlaysonii (Finlayson's squirrel) | | |
Yes
| Timmins and Duckworth,
2008 |
| Channa marulius (bullseye snakehead) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| Courtenay and Williams,
2004; Froese and Pauly,
2009 |
| Cissus quadrangularis (treebine) | In Asia, consumed as a vegetable |
Yes
|
Yes
| PROSEA,
2018 |
| Clidemia hirta (Koster's curse) | Mud on footware | |
Yes
| Peters,
2001 |
| Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm) | Very low risk |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Cocos nucifera (coconut) | Coconut kernel, coconut cream, coconut water, heart of the palm |
Yes
|
Yes
| Chan and Elevitch,
2006 |
| Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears) | Grains are eaten by humans and used as beads |
Yes
|
Yes
| van den Bergh and Iamsupasit,
1996; USDA-ARS,
2017 |
| Colocasia esculenta (taro) | Corms, stems and leaves are edible and planted for human consumption |
Yes
|
Yes
| Safo-Kantaka,
2004 |
| Cordia obliqua (clammy cherry) | Fruits are consumed by humans |
Yes
|
Yes
| Parmar and Kaushal,
1982 |
| Cornu aspersum (common garden snail) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Corynocarpus laevigatus (karaka) | Around New Zealand and to Chatham Islands |
Yes
|
Yes
| Costall et al.,
2006; Dieffenbach,
1840 |
| Crassocephalum crepidioides (redflower ragleaf) | Consumed as a vegetable |
Yes
|
Yes
| Denton,
2004 |
| Crassostrea virginica (eastern oyster) | | |
Yes
| |
| Crotalaria retusa (rattleweed) | Seeds collected |
Yes
|
Yes
| Prota4U,
2013 |
| Cyclosorus parasiticus (parasitic maiden fern) | Presumed cause. Medicinal plant |
Yes
|
Yes
| Srivastava,
2009 |
| Dendrocalamus strictus (male bamboo) | Young shoots are edible and used as food | |
Yes
| Guadua-Bamboo,
2015 |
| Desmodium incanum (creeping beggerweed) | Sticky seeds provide the means to spread on clothes and equipment |
Yes
|
Yes
| Mori and Brown,
1998 |
| Dioscorea alata (white yam) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Dysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea) | Leaves and seeds are consumed by humans |
Yes
|
Yes
| Prota4U,
2013 |
| Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) | Grains eaten by humans in times of scarcity |
Yes
|
Yes
| FAO,
2014 |
| Elaeagnus umbellata (autumn olive) | Fruits used to make jelly | |
Yes
| Christenhusz,
2009 |
| Emilia coccinea (scarlet tasselflower) | Leaves consumed as a vegetable | |
Yes
| PROTA,
2018 |
| Emilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower) | Leaves eaten as a vegetable |
Yes
|
Yes
| USDA-ARS,
2018 |
| Erechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed) | Young leaves are eaten as a vegetable |
Yes
|
Yes
| Sankaran,
2002 |
| Juncus ensifolius (swordleaf rush) | Bulbs eaten as food by Swinomish peoples of Washington State | |
Yes
| Gunther,
1973 |
| Lactuca floridana (woodland lettuce) | | |
Yes
| |
| Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd) | Young fruits, young shoots and flowers are consumed by humans |
Yes
|
Yes
| PROTA,
2018 |
| Launaea intybacea (bitter lettuce) | Leaves consumed as a vegetable |
Yes
|
Yes
| PROTA,
2018 |
| Leonurus sibiricus (Siberian motherwort) | Vegetable and famine food source | |
Yes
| Baranov,
1967 |
| Lepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress) | Gathered from the wild by various indigenous cultures for food and medicinal purposes. | |
Yes
| Useful Tropical Plants,
2016 |
| Lupinus angustifolius (narrow-leaf lupin) | Human food (pulse) |
Yes
|
Yes
| USDA-ARS,
2017 |
| Manilkara zapota (sapodilla) | Fruits eaten by humans |
Yes
|
Yes
| Orwa et al.,
2009 |
| Maranta arundinacea (arrowroot) | Arrowroot – starch |
Yes
|
Yes
| USDA-ARS,
2018 |
| Morinda citrifolia (Indian mulberry) | Fruits/ Leaves consumed as vegetable |
Yes
|
Yes
| Nelson,
2006 |
| Nephrolepis hirsutula (sword fern) | For leis, decorations and mulch | |
Yes
| Whistler,
1988 |
| Nopalea cochenillifera (cochineal cactus) | Used as a vegetable |
Yes
|
Yes
| Encyclopedia of Life,
2017 |
| Ocimum gratissimum (African basil) | Leaves eaten as vegetables and also used for tea |
Yes
|
Yes
| PROSEA,
2018 |
| Paederia foetida (skunkvine) | Plant parts are harvested from the wild for food and medicine | |
Yes
| Srianta et al.,
2012 |
| Parkia biglobosa (néré) | | |
Yes
| |
| Phaseolus lunatus (lima bean) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| PROTA,
2014 |
| Phyllostachys flexuosa (drooping timber bamboo) | Shoots consumed as a vegetable |
Yes
|
Yes
| Flora of China Editorial Committee,
2017 |
| Phytophthora lateralis (Port-Orford-cedar root disease) | | |
Yes
| Sankaran,
2002 |
| Plasmodiophora brassicae (club root) | Infested soil can be moved on footwear | |
Yes
| Wallenhammar et al.,
2016 |
| Potamogeton crispus (curlyleaf pondweed) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| ISSG,
2006 |
| Rytidostylis carthagenensis | Fruits used for food in Central America | |
Yes
| Chizmar Fernández,
2009 |
| Solanum tuberosum (potato) | Species has a long and wide history of cultivation both locally and commercially |
Yes
|
Yes
| |
| Sonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle) | Leaves are eaten as a vegetable |
Yes
|
Yes
| Useful Tropical Plants,
2014 |
| Sterculia apetala (Panama tree) | Foraged by pigs, other mammals and birds |
Yes
|
Yes
| Rodríguez-Vargas,
2007; Timm et al.,
2009 |
| Syzygium malaccense (Malay apple) | Species produces edible fruits which are much foraged and sold in local marketplaces |
Yes
|
Yes
| Morton,
1987; Panggabean,
1991; Whistler and Elevitch,
2006 |
| Urochloa reptans (sprawling signalgrass) | Seeds consumed as famine food |
Yes
|
Yes
| Gupta,
2013 |
| Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) | |
Yes
|
Yes
| PFAF,
2015 |
| Vigna marina (beach bean) | Possible use of roots for food by aboriginals | |
Yes
| ILDIS,
2014 |
| Yucca aloifolia (Spanish bayonet) | Edible fruit | |
Yes
| Gilman,
2014 |
