Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Clavibacter sepedonicus (potato ring rot) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii (clover proliferation phytoplasma) | Present, Widespread | | Invasive | Murphy et al. (2014); Lee et al. (2004); Lee et al. (2004); Crosslin et al. (2005); Munyaneza et al. (2006); Munyaneza et al. (2007); Munyaneza et al. (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Phytoplasma pyri (pear decline) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Burkholderia caryophylli (bacterial wilt of carnation) | Present | | | Bradbury (1986); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (zebra chip) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Crosslin et al. (2012); Crosslin et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Erwinia amylovora (fireblight) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI/EPPO (2013) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pectobacterium parmentieri (black leg disease of potato) | Present, Localized | | Invasive | Dung et al. (2012) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pseudomonas cichorii (bacterial blight of endive) | Present | | | Putnam (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas translucens pv. cerealis (bacterial leaf streak of grasses) | Present | | | EPPO (2014) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens (bacterial leaf streak of barley) | Present | | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xylella fastidiosa (Pierce's disease of grapevines) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); Huang (2004); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Bacillariophyta | Didymosphenia geminata (didymo) | Present | Native | | Bahls (2004); Spaulding and Elwell (2007) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Peronospora belbahrii (basil downy mildew) | Present | | Invasive | Wyenandt et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cambivora (root rot of forest trees) | Present | | | Yamak et al. (2002); Saavedra et al. (2007); CABI/EPPO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1982); Goodwin et al. (1995); Goodwin et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora lateralis (Port-Orford-cedar root disease) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Tucker and Milbrath (1942); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora medicaginis (Phytophthora root rot of lucerne) | Present | | | Shaw (1973); Hansen et al. (1986); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora ramorum (Sudden Oak Death (SOD)) | Absent, Eradicated | | | Washington State Department of Agriculture (2022); Dart et al. (2007); Chastagner et al. (2012); CABI/EPPO (2013); WSDA (2016); WDNR/USFS (2017); Hicks (2018); Elliott et al. (2021); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Apiognomonia errabunda (anthracnose) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Blumeria graminis (powdery mildew of grasses and cereals) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2004) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Botryotinia porri (Botrytis rot of garlic) | Present | | | Toit et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Buxus blight) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ceratocystis platani (canker stain of plane) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Colletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2010) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Cryphonectria parasitica (blight of chestnut) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Didymascella thujina (cedar leaf blight) | Present, Widespread | Native | Invasive | Shaw (1973) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Diplodia seriata (grapevine trunk disease) | Present | | | Kim et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Discula destructiva (anthracnose of dogwood) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Redlin (1991); Daughtrey et al. (1996); Zhang and Blackwell (2002); CABI and EPPO (2004); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Erysiphe platani | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Geosmithia morbida (thousand cankers disease) | Present, Widespread | | | Kolařík et al. (2011); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Gibberella circinata (pitch canker) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Leptographium procerum (white pine root decline) | Present | Native | | Lane and Goheen (1979) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella pini (Dothistroma blight) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella populorum (septoria leaf spot) | Present | Native | | Shaw (1973); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ophiostoma ulmi (Dutch elm disease) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Sinclair and Campana (1978); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Phomopsis vexans (Phomopsis blight of eggplant) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2008) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Podosphaera spiraeae (Japanese spiraea powdery mildew) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Moparthi et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Pseudogymnoascus destructans (white-nose syndrome fungus) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Lorch et al. (2016); US Fish and Wildlife Service (2016) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Sphaeropsis sapinea (Sphaeropsis blight) | Present | | | Hedgecock (1932) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Chrysomyxa rhododendri (European Rhododendron rust) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Gould et al. (1955); Eglitis et al. (1966) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Cronartium ribicola (white pine blister rust) | Present | | | Shaw (1973); Samman (1982); UK, CAB International (1983); Sniezko (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Heterobasidion annosum | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Heterobasidion root rot) | Present, Widespread | Native | | CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Heterobasidion parviporum | Present, Widespread | Native | | Harrington et al. (1989) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals) | Present | | | Freeman and Johnson (1911); Roelfs (1978); Roelfs (1985) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum) | Absent, Eradicated | | | CABI and EPPO (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Tilletia controversa (dwarf bunt of wheat) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Urocystis agropyri (flag smut of wheat) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) | Present, Widespread | | | Pearl et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Annelida | Alitta succinea (pile worm) | Present | Introduced | | USGS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Annelida | Lumbricus rubellus | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Gates (1972) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Annelida | Lumbricus terrestris | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Gates (1972) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aculops fuchsiae (Fuchsia gall mite) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Anderson and MacLeod (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Adelges piceae (balsam woolly adelgid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Johnson and Wright (1957); Mitchell et al. (1961); Johnson et al. (1963); Mitchell (1966); Antonelli (1992); Mitchell and Buffam (2001); CABI/EPPO (2012); Toenshoff et al. (2012); Spiegel et al. (2013); Hrinkevich et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Adelges tsugae (hemlock woolly adelgid) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) | Absent, Eradicated | | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Agrotis ipsilon (black cutworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Amphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Carlton (1979) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anoplophora chinensis (black and white citrus longhorn) | Absent, Eradicated | | | CABI and EPPO (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anoplophora glabripennis (Asian longhorned beetle) | Absent, Intercepted only | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis craccivora (groundnut aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1983) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1968) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis oenotherae | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1969); Mayer and Lunden (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Apis mellifera | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Archips fuscocupreanus | Present | Introduced | Invasive | NAPPO (1996); LaGasa (1997); Maier (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aromia bungii (red necked longicorn) | Absent, Intercepted only | | | EPPO (2022); Smith (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Artemia (brine shrimp) | Present | Native | | Van (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Athrips rancidella | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactericera cockerelli (tomato/potato psyllid) | Present, Widespread | Native | Invasive | Munyaneza et al. (2009); Crosslin et al. (2012); Arp et al. (2014); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (MED) (silverleaf whitefly) | Present | | | McKenzie et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Blattella germanica (German cockroach) | Present | Introduced | | Insect Identification (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Brachyponera chinensis (Asian needle ant) | Present | Introduced | | Guénard et al. (2018); Allen (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cacoecimorpha pronubana (carnation tortrix) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); LaGasa (1999); CABI and EPPO (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Callidiellum rufipenne (Japanese cedar longhorn beetle) | Absent, Intercepted only | | | Hoebeke (1999); Maier and Lemmon (2000); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Caprella mutica | Present | Introduced | | Carlton (1979) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Carcinus maenas (European shore crab) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Carlton and Cohen (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (cabbage seed pod weevil) | Present | | | Harmon and McCaffrey (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chionaspis pinifoliae (pine leaf scale) | Present | Native | | Cooley (1899); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coccinella septempunctata (seven-spot ladybird) | Present | Introduced | | Rice (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coleophora deauratella (red clover casebearer) | Present | | | GBIF (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dasineura oxycoccana (blueberry gall midge) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Hahn and Isaacs (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendroctonus ponderosae (black hills beetle) | Present | Native | Invasive | Furniss and Carolin (1977); Wood (1982); CABI and EPPO (2002); Ciesla and Coulston (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendroctonus pseudotsugae (Douglas-fir beetle) | Present, Localized | Native | Invasive | Furniss and Orr (1978); Wood (1982); Ciesla and Coulston (2002); CABI and EPPO (2004); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendroctonus rufipennis (spruce beetle) | Present, Widespread | Native | Invasive | Wood (1982); Ciesla and Coulston (2002); CABI and EPPO (2004); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendroctonus valens (red turpentine beetle) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Ross and Arnett (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (western corn rootworm) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dialeurodes citri (citrus whitefly) | Present | | | Mound and Halsey (1978); International Institute of Entomology (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diaspidiotus perniciosus (San José scale) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Knight et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diuraphis noxia (Russian wheat aphid) | Present | | | Clement et al. (1992); Webster and Amosson (1994); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Burrack et al. (2012); CABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dryocoetes confusus (western balsam bark beetle) | Present | | | Wood (1982); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Duponchelia fovealis (Southern European marshland pyralid) | Present | | | NAPPO (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Elatobium abietinum (green spruce aphid) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Keen (1952); Kloft et al. (1964); Holms and Ruth (1968); Koot (1991) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Enarmonia formosana (bark tortrix) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Epitrix tuberis (tuber flea beetle) | Present | | Invasive | Wallis (1957); Seeno and Andrews (1972); Arnett (1985); UK, CAB International (1987); Antonelli and Davidson (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eriocheir sinensis (Chinese mitten crab) | Present | Introduced | | USGS NAS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eriosoma lanigerum (woolly aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1975); Gontijo et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Faxonius virilis (virile crayfish) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Larson et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Forficula auricularia (European earwig) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Jones (1917); Coyne (1928) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips) | Present | Native | | CABI and EPPO (1999); Naidu et al. (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Grapholita molesta (Oriental fruit moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gypsonoma aceriana (poplar twig borer) | Present | Native | | Miller and LaGasa (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Halyomorpha halys (brown marmorated stink bug) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Harmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Koch et al. (2006); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa zea (bollworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1961) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Homarus americanus (American lobster) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hyphantria cunea (mulberry moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia) | Present | | | Ben-Dov et al. (1998) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1962); Jacques (1988); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leptoglossus occidentalis (western conifer-seed bug) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Limnoria lignorum (gribble) | Present | | | Menzies (1957) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Linepithema humile (Argentine ant) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Suarez et al. (2001); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (rice water weevil) | Present | | | O'Brien and Wibmer (1982); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) | Absent, Eradicated | | | Kean et al. (2015); USDA Forest Service (1996); USDA-APHIS (2004); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Macrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid) | Present, Few occurrences | Native | | Sugimoto (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Megastigmus spermotrophus (Douglas-fir seed chalcid) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Milliron (1949); Keen (1958); UK, CAB International (1977); Hedlin et al. (1980) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Meligethes aeneus (rape beetle) | Present | | | Easton (1955); CABI and EPPO (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monomorium pharaonis (pharaoh ant) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Mythimna unipuncta (rice armyworm) | Present | | | Landolt and Higbee (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Mytilicola orientalis (oyster redworm) | Present | Introduced | | Odlaug (1946); Sparks (1962); Chew et al. (1965); Katkansky et al. (1967) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzocallis walshii | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzus cerasi (black cherry aphid) | Present | | | NHM (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1979) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nearctaphis bakeri | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Neopulvinaria innumerabilis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Noctua pronuba (common yellow underwing moth) | Present | | | Landolt et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Orientus ishidae (mosaic leafhopper) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Otiorhynchus sulcatus (vine weevil) | Present | | | Cone (1963); CONE (1968); O'Brien and Wibmer (1982); Shanks (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pacifastacus leniusculus (American signal crayfish) | Present | Native | | Larson and Olden (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Palaemon macrodactylus (oriental shrimp) | Present | Introduced | | Jensen (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paratrechina longicornis (crazy ant) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | McKENZiE (1967); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pieris rapae (cabbage white butterfly) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1952) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1967) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Polistes dominula (European paper wasp) | Present | | | Landolt and Antonelli (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Polyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Popillia japonica (Japanese beetle) | Present | | | CERIS (2020); Commonwealth Institute of Entomology (1978) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale) | Present | | | Kosztarab (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudococcus viburni (obscure mealybug) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Gimpel and Miller (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudodiaptomus marinus | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Lawrence and Cordell (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pyrrhalta luteola (elm leaf beetle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | EFETAC (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhagoletis completa (walnut husk fly) | Present | | | Foote et al. (1993); Chen et al. (2006); Yee and Goughnour (2008); CABI and EPPO (2014); Yee and Goughnour (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhagoletis fausta (black cherry fruit fly) | Present | | | Foote et al. (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhagoletis pomonella (apple maggot) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | McPheron (1990); Yee and Goughnour (2008); Yee et al. (2012); Hood et al. (2013); Mattsson et al. (2015); Yee and Klaus (2015); Yee and Goughnour (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhinocyllus conicus (thistle-head weevil) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Andres and Rees (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhyacionia buoliana (European pine shoot moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Saissetia oleae (olive scale) | Present | | | Hamon and Williams (1984); Ben-Dov (1993) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Scolytus schevyrewi (banded elm bark beetle) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera exempta (black armyworm) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | USDA APHIS (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite) | Present | | | International Institute of Entomology (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tipula paludosa (European crane fly) | Present | | | Jackson and Campbell (1975); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trialeurodes vaporariorum (whitefly, greenhouse) | Present | | | Byrne et al. (1990) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trypodendron domesticum | Present | | | WSDA (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Vespula germanica (German wasp) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Archer (1998) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Vespula pensylvanica (western yellowjacket) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Akre et al. (1980) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Vespula vulgaris (wasp, common) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Viteus vitifoliae (grapevine phylloxera) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborinus saxesenii (fruit-tree pinhole borer) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus dispar (pear blight beetle) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Bright (1968); Wood (1982) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Asian ambrosia beetle) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Bryozoa | Bugula neritina (brown bryozoan) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Bryozoa | Schizoporella errata (branching bryozoan) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Bryozoa | Schizoporella japonica (orange ripple bryozoan) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Ross and McCain (1976); Thorpe and Ryland (1987) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ambloplites rupestris (rock bass) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ambystoma mavortium (barred tiger salamander) | Present | | | AmphibiaWeb (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ameiurus melas (black bullhead) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ameiurus natalis | Present | Introduced | | Lampman (1946); Tilmant (1999); USGS NAS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ameiurus nebulosus (brown bullhead) | Present | Introduced | | Fuller et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Branta canadensis (Canada goose) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Mowbray et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Branta hutchinsii | Present, Localized | Native | | Stackhouse (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Canis latrans (Coyote) | Present | Native | | NatureServe (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cervus canadensis (wapiti) | Present, Widespread | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cervus nippon (sika) | Absent, Eradicated | | | Feldhamer and Demerais (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Chrysemys picta (painted turtle) | Present | Native | | Van Dijk (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Columba livia (pigeons) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ctenopharyngodon idella (grass carp) | Present | Introduced | | US Geological Survey (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cygnus olor (mute swan) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cyprinus carpio (common carp) | Present | Introduced | | US Geological Survey (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Diplosoma listerianum | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish) | Present | Introduced | | USGS (2013); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepomis cyanellus (green sunfish) | Present | Introduced | | NatureServe (2013); USGS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepomis gibbosus (pumpkinseed) | Present | Introduced | | Scott and Crossman (1973) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepomis gulosus (warmouth) | Present | Introduced | | Smith (1896); Lampman (1946) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Micropterus dolomieu (smallmouth bass) | Present | Introduced | | Tovey et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass) | Present | Introduced | | Fuller et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Molothrus ater (brown-headed cowbird) | Present | | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Myocastor coypus (coypu) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Neovison vison (American mink) | Present | Native | | Larivière (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Odocoileus hemionus (black-tailed deer) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Feldhamer et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) | Present | Native | | Behnke (2002); Fuller (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (chinook salmon) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Pullin et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Pullin et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Passer domesticus (house sparrow) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Perca flavescens (yellow perch) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | USGS NAS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Phasianus colchicus (common pheasant) | Present, Widespread | | | eBird (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pomoxis annularis (white crappie) | Present | Introduced | | USGS NAS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pomoxis nigromaculatus (black crappie) | Present | Introduced | | Lampman (1946); USGS NAS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Procyon lotor (raccoon) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Gehrt (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rana catesbeiana (American bullfrog) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | NatureServe (2005); Kraus (2009); McKercher and Gregoire (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Salmo salar (Atlantic salmon) | Present | Introduced | | Love et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Salvelinus fontinalis (brook trout) | Present | Introduced | | Robins et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sander vitreus (walleye) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Lee et al. (1980) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sciurus niger (fox squirrel) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Yocom (1950) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Styela clava (Asian tunicate) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tinca tinca (tench) | Present | Introduced | | Nico and Fuller (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tyto alba (Barn owl) | Present, Localized | Native | | Marti et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Vulpes vulpes (red fox) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Cnidaria | Cordylophora (euryhaline hydroid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Mills (1998); Cohen et al. (1998) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Cnidaria | Gonionemus vertens | Present | | | Agassiz (1861); Cowles (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Cnidaria | Myxobolus cerebralis (whirling disease agent) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Bartholomew and Reno (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Candidula intersecta (wrinkled dune snail) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Corbicula fluminea (Asian clam) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Cornu aspersum (common garden snail) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CFIA (2009); Taylor (1914); Grimm et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Crassostrea virginica (eastern oyster) | Present | Introduced | | Kennedy et al. (1996); Elder (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Crepidula fornicata (American slipper limpet) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Hoagland (1974); Hoagland (1977) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Deroceras invadens (tramp slug) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Hutchinson et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Deroceras laeve (meadow slug) | Present | Native | | White-McLean and Redford (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Limax maximus (leopard slug) | Present | Introduced | | Dundee (1974); NatureServe (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Littorina littorea (common periwinkle) | Absent, Formerly present | | | Hanna (1966) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Magallana gigas (Pacific oyster) | Present | Introduced | | Chew (1988) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Mytilus galloprovincialis (Mediterranean mussel) | Present | Introduced | | King and Cortés-Monroy (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Oxychilus alliarius (garlic snail) | Present | Introduced | | NatureServe (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Perna viridis (Asian green mussel) | Present | Introduced | | Benson (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Petricolaria pholadiformis (false angel wing) | Present | Introduced | | Cohen et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Potamopyrgus antipodarum (New Zealand mudsnail) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Davidson et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Ruditapes philippinarum (Japanese carpet shell) | Present | Introduced | | Magoon and Vining (1981) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Ditylenchus destructor (potato tuber nematode) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Ditylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode) | Present | | | Evans et al. (1971); Gray et al. (1994); Wendt et al. (1994); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Heterodera goettingiana (pea cyst eelworm) | Present | | | Handoo et al. (1994); CABI and EPPO (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne chitwoodi (columbia root-knot nematode) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); Nyczepir et al. (1982) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | Walters and Barker (1994); CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Haptophyta | Prymnesium parvum (golden algae) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Sager et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Phaeophyta | Sargassum muticum (wire weed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Phillips (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Azolla filiculoides (water fern) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteridium aquilinum (bracken) | Present | Native | | Crane (1990) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Salvinia molesta (kariba weed) | Present | | Invasive | McFarland Nelson et al. (2004); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Polysiphonia brodiei | Present | Introduced | | Scagel et al. (1989) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon theophrasti (velvet leaf) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002); USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer negundo (box elder) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | Rosario (1988) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer platanoides (Norway maple) | Present | Introduced | | IPANE (2001); Nischwitz and Newcombe (2003); USDA-NRCS (2004); CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer rufinerve (grey snake-bark maple) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | BGCI (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Achillea millefolium (yarrow) | Present | Native | | PIER (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Achnatherum hymenoides | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aegilops cylindrica | Present | | | USA, USDA-NRCS (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agrostis capillaris (common bent) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aira caryophyllea (silver hairgrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2013); USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alhagi maurorum (camelthorn) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Zimmerman (1996); USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) | Present | Introduced | | Nuzzo (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alopecurus myosuroides (black-grass) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Aldrich-Markham (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alopecurus pratensis (meadow foxtail) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alyssum desertorum (desert madwort) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus cruentus (red amaranth) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed) | Present | | | USDA (1970) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus tuberculatus (rough-fruited water-hemp) | Present | Introduced | | Mosyakin and Robertson (2003); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987); Strother (2006); USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia psilostachya (perennial ragweed) | Present | Native | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia trifida (giant ragweed) | Present | Native | | Strother (2006); USDA-ARS (2016); USDA-NRCS (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ammophila arenaria (marram grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amorpha fruticosa (false indigo-bush) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amsinckia intermedia | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anaphalis margaritacea | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anethum graveolens (dill) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anthemis cotula (dog fennel) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anthoxanthum odoratum (sweet vernal grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arceuthobium abietinum (fir dwarf mistletoe) | Present | Native | Invasive | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arceuthobium americanum (lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe) | Present | Native | Invasive | Hawksworth and Wiens (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arceuthobium campylopodum (western dwarf misletoe) | Present | Native | | Hawksworth and Wiens (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arceuthobium douglasii (Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe) | Present | Native | Invasive | Hawksworth and Wiens (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arceuthobium laricis (larch dwarf mistletoe) | Present | | | Hawksworth and Wiens (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arceuthobium tsugense (hemlock dwarf mistletoe) | Present | Native | Invasive | Hawksworth and Wiens (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Armeria maritima | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arrhenatherum elatius (false oat-grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Swearingen (2006); USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artemisia biennis (biennial wormwood) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Atriplex semibaccata (Australian saltbush) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Avena barbata (slender oat) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Avena fatua (wild oat) | Present | | | Curran et al. (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Basella alba (malabar spinach) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Dave's Garden (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bassia hyssopifolia (fivehook bassia) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016); Collins and Blackwell (undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens frondosa (beggarticks) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brachypodium sylvaticum (slender false brome) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | USA, False Brome Working Group (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica juncea (mustard) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica nigra (black mustard) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica rapa (field mustard) | Present | Introduced | | PIER (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus hordeaceus (soft brome) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus japonicus (Japanese brome) | Present | Introduced | | Gilmartin et al. (1986) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus madritensis (compact brome) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus rubens (red brome) | Present | Introduced | | Hitchcock (1950); Gould (1951); Kearney and Peebles (1951); CalEPPC (1999) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus secalinus (rye brome) | Present | Introduced | | Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2016); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus sterilis (barren brome) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus tectorum (downy brome) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Hitchcock (1950) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Buddleja davidii (butterfly bush) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DeFerrari and Naiman (1994); Leach (2007); USA, USDA-NRCS (2008); NatureServe (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cabomba caroliniana (Carolina fanwort) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Capsella bursa-pastoris (shepherd's purse) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardamine flexuosa (wavy bittercress) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carduus nutans (nodding thistle) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Dunn (1976) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carduus pycnocephalus (Italian thistle) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | Invasive | Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carex kobomugi (Asiatic sand sedge) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Celastrus orbiculatus (Asiatic bittersweet) | Present | Introduced | | Patterson (1974); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus longispinus (Spiny burrgrass) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea debeauxii (meadow knapweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DiTomaso and Kyser (2013); USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea diffusa (diffuse knapweed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Roche and Roche (1999); Duncan (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea iberica (Iberian starthistle) | Absent, Formerly present | | | Roche and Talbott (1986) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea jacea (brown knapweed) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea macrocephala (giant knapweed) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Roché and Talbott (1986); Roche (1991); Rice (2009); USA, The University of Washington Herbarium (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea melitensis (Maltese starthistle) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Duncan (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea stoebe subsp. micranthos (spotted knapweed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Sheley et al. (1999); Duncan (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ceratocephala testiculata (bur buttercup) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Slichter (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ceratophyllum demersum (coontail) | Present, Widespread | | | Westerdahl and Getsinger (1988) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chondrilla juncea (rush skeletonweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2015); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cirsium arvense (creeping thistle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Hodgson (1971); USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cirsium vulgare (spear thistle) | Present | Introduced | | Mitich (1998) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clarkia amoena | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clarkia pulchella | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clarkia purpurea | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clematis terniflora (sweet autumn clematis) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clematis vitalba (old man's beard) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conium maculatum (poison hemlock) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Convolvulus arvensis (bindweed) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza canadensis (Canadian fleabane) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coreopsis verticillata | Present | | | Glawe et al. (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cornus sericea (redosier dogwood) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cortaderia jubata (purple pampas grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cortaderia selloana (pampas grass) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster horizontalis (wall-spray) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crataegus monogyna (hawthorn) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crupina vulgaris (bearded creeper) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Alverson and Arnett (1986); USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crypsis vaginiflora (African pricklegrass) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2015); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cucumis anguria (West Indian gherkin) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuscuta campestris (field dodder) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuscuta epithymum (alfalfa dodder) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynara cardunculus (cardoon) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | ISSG (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987); Dung et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynoglossum officinale (hound's tongue) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) | Present, Widespread | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987); USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cytisus scoparius (Scotch broom) | Present, Widespread, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated); Harrington (2009); Graves et al. (2010); Herrera-Reddy et al. (2012); Han Xiao et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cytisus striatus (striated broom) | Present | | | Han Xiao et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Danthonia decumbens (heath grass) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Darbyshire (2003); Roskov et al. (2015); USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura stramonium (jimsonweed) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Daucus carota (carrot) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2015); Glawe et al. (2005); Lee et al. (2006); Toit et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Descurainia sophia (flixweed) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016); GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dicentra formosa | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dipsacus fullonum (common teasel) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-pavonis (gulf cockspur grass) | Present | Introduced | | University of Washington Herbarium (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinocystis lobata (wild cucumber) | Present | Native | | Stocking (1955) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Egeria densa (leafy elodea) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeagnus umbellata (autumn olive) | Present | Introduced | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleusine indica (goose grass) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Wood (1990) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elodea nuttallii (Nuttall's waterweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elymus hispidus (intermediate wheatgrass) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elymus repens (quackgrass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Epilobium ciliatum (northern willowherb) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2014); Eiseman (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis curvula (weeping lovegrass) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites glomerata (fireweed) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2016); USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erigeron speciosus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erodium cicutarium (common storksbill) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia esula (leafy spurge) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia baldschuanica (Russian vine) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia convolvulus (black bindweed) | Present | | | Anderson et al. (1986); Bain and Johnson (1986); USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia japonica (Japanese knotweed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Hickman (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia sachalinensis (giant knotweed) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia x bohemica | Present | | Invasive | CABI (Undated); Urgenson et al. (2012); Claeson and Bisson (2013); Urgenson et al. (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Festuca pratensis (meadow fescue) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus pumila (creeping fig) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Gilman (1999) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fragaria vesca (wild strawberry) | Present | Native | | PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galega officinalis (goatsrue) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gaultheria shallon (salal) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gilia capitata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Glechoma hederacea (ground ivy) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Glyceria declinata (small sweet grass) | Present | Introduced | | Weinmann et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Glyceria grandis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gypsophila paniculata (baby’s breath) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Halogeton glomeratus (halogeton) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedera helix (ivy) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedychium coccineum (scarlet ginger lily) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke) | Present | | | USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heliotropium curassavicum (salt heliotrope) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helminthotheca echioides (bristly oxtongue) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hemerocallis fulva (tawny daylily) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Morton (1975); USDA-NRCS (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Holcus lanatus (common velvet grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Hitchcock et al. (1969); Wiberg and Greene (1985); PIER (2013); USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrocharis morsus-ranae | Present | Introduced | | USGS-NAS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort) | Present, Few occurrences | | | Mathias (1936); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyoscyamus niger (black henbane) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hypochaeris radicata (cat's ear) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens balfourii | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Toney et al. (1998); USA, USDA-NRCS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea purpurea (tall morning glory) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Isatis tinctoria (dyer's woad) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Iva xanthiifolia (marsh-elder) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus effusus (common rush) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2016); Wheeler et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus ensifolius (swordleaf rush) | Present, Widespread | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus tenuis (slender rush) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lamium amplexicaule (henbit deadnettle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna minuta | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna perpusilla (duckweed) | Present | | | Anderson (1990); Rice (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium draba (hoary cress) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Tamaki et al. (1982); Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium latifolium (perennial pepperweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium perfoliatum (clasping pepperweed) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa fusca (sprangletop) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2018); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucanthemum vulgare (oxeye daisy) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leymus canadensis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum obtusifolium (border privet) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | USGS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum vulgare (common privet) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | US Forest Service (2006); USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Linaria dalmatica (dalmatian toadflax) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Linaria vulgaris (common toadflax) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium temulentum (darnel) | Present | Introduced | | Wilson et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera maackii (Amur honeysuckle) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia grandiflora (water primrose) | Present | | Invasive | GBIF (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia palustris (marsh seedbox) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia peploides (water primrose) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lupinus polyphyllus (garden lupin) | Present | Native | | PIER (2015); Hejda (2013); ILDIS (2015); USDA-NRCS (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lysichiton americanus (American skunk cabbage) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); USDA-NRCS (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Madia sativa | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mahonia aquifolium (Oregongrape) | Present | | | GBIF (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Marrubium vulgare (horehound) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago lupulina (black medick) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago polymorpha (bur clover) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melilotus albus (honey clover) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated); USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melilotus officinalis (yellow sweet clover) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mentha pulegium (pennyroyal) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Monarda didyma | Present | | | Naidu et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Moorochloa eruciformis (sweet signal grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Moringa oleifera (horse radish tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murraya paniculata (orange jessamine) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Sytsma (1998); Parsons et al. (2002); USDA-NRCS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myriophyllum heterophyllum (broadleaf watermilfoil) | Present, Few occurrences | | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myriophyllum spicatum (spiked watermilfoil) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Anderson (1993); USDA-NRCS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nandina domestica (Nandina) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nymphaea tetragona | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nymphoides peltata (yellow floating-heart) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | USA, NWCB (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Onopordum acanthium (scotch thistle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Gaines and Swan (1972) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Orobanche minor (common broomrape) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oxalis corniculata (creeping woodsorrel) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parentucellia viscosa (yellow glandweed) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum distichum (knotgrass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pastinaca sativa (parsnip) | Present | | | BONAP (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paulownia tomentosa (paulownia) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria maculosa (redshank) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria perfoliata (mile-a-minute weed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria punctata (dotted smartweed) | Present | Native | | Flora of North America (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria wallichii (Himalayan knotweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phalaris paradoxa (awned canary-grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016); Reed (1977) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phleum pratense (timothy grass) | Present | Introduced | | Kew (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pilosella aurantiaca (orange hawkweed) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2002); Loomis and Fishman (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pilosella caespitosa (yellow hawkweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Wilson and Callihan (1999); USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pilosella officinarum (mouse-ear hawkweed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Birdsall and Quimby (1996); USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus contorta (lodgepole pine) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago coronopus (Buck's-horn plantain) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago lanceolata (ribwort plantain) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago major (broad-leaved plantain) | Present | | | Crosslin and Hamlin (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa annua (annual meadowgrass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2014); Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa compressa (Canada bluegrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasiveorg (2015); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa nemoralis (wood bluegrass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa pratensis (smooth meadow-grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | ISSG (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum arenastrum (common knotweed) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum hydropiper (marsh pepper) | Present | | | USDA (1970) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Populus alba (silver-leaf poplar) | Present | Introduced | | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Portulaca oleracea (purslane) | Present | Introduced | | Zimmerman (1976) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Potamogeton crispus (curlyleaf pondweed) | Present | Introduced | | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Potentilla supina subsp. paradoxa | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prunella vulgaris (self-heal) | Present | Native | | WCSP (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prunus serotina (black cherry) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria (2014); USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Puccinellia nuttalliana | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pueraria montana var. lobata (kudzu) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pyracantha coccinea (scarlet firethorn) | Present | Introduced | | Dave's Garden (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ranunculus cymbalaria | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Raphanus sativus (radish) | Present | | | Toit and Pelter (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rhaponticum repens (Russian knapweed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Duncan (2001); USDA-NRCS (2002); Callaway et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rhus typhina (staghorn sumac) | Present, Widespread | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosa multiflora (multiflora rose) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosa rugosa (rugosa rose) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rotala ramosior | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus armeniacus (Himalayan blackberry) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2015); Westcott et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus fruticosus (blackberry) | Present | | | Westcott et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus parviflorus (thimbleberry) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex acetosella (sheep's sorrel) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex crispus (curled dock) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sagittaria latifolia (broadleaf arrowhead) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salix fragilis (crack willow) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salsola kali (common saltwort) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sambucus nigra (elder) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003); Villamor and Eastwell (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Securigera varia (crown vetch) | Present | Introduced | | US Forest Service (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sedum spathulifolium | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senecio jacobaea (common ragwort) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senecio vulgaris | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria verticillata (bristly foxtail) | Present | Introduced | | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria viridis (green foxtail) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silene gallica (common catchfly) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silene latifolia subsp. alba (white campion) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | US Fish and Wildlife Service (2001); Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silybum marianum (variegated thistle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sisyrinchium californicum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum carolinense (horsenettle) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet nightshade) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum elaeagnifolium (silverleaf nightshade) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum rostratum (prickly nightshade) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Randall (2012); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum tuberosum (potato) | Present | | | Crosslin and Hamlin (2010); Taylor et al. (2002); Glawe et al. (2004); Ingham et al. (2005); Riga and Neilson (2005); Crosslin (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solidago canadensis (Canadian goldenrod) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solidago gigantea (giant goldenrod) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solidago nemoralis (grey goldenrod) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Soliva sessilis | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus arvensis (perennial sowthistle) | Present | | | USDA (1970) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Daehler and Strong (1997); Harrington et al. (1997); Luiting et al. (1997); Thom et al. (1997); Cordell et al. (1998); Feist and Simenstad (2000); Patten (2002); Grevstad et al. (2003); Hedge et al. (2003); Major et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spartina anglica (common cordgrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Wu MeiYin et al. (1999); Hacker et al. (2001); Hacker et al. (2001); Hedge et al. (2003); Dethier and Hacker (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spartina densiflora | Present | Introduced | Invasive | ISSG (2016); USDA-ARS (2016); USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spartium junceum (Spanish broom) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spergula arvensis (corn spurry) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Taeniatherum caput-medusae (medusahead wildrye) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarix chinensis (five-stamen tamarisk) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Rice (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarix parviflora (small-flower tamarisk) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarix ramosissima (saltcedar) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Baum (1967); Crins (1989) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tanacetum vulgare (tansy) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Taraxacum officinale complex (dandelion) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach) | Present | Introduced | | Kartesz (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tribulus terrestris (puncture vine) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha angustifolia (lesser bulrush) | Present | | | Anderson (1990); USDA-NRCS (2007); Chambers et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail) | Present | Native | | USA, USDA-NRCS (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha x glauca (hybrid cattail) | Present | | Invasive | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ulex europaeus (gorse) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | ILDIS (2007); Han Xiao et al. (2016); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) | Present | Native | | Carey (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urtica urens (annual nettle) | Present | | | Flora of North America Editorial Committee (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Utricularia gibba | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ventenata dubia (North Africa grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | BONAP (2015); USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbascum thapsus (common mullein) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Veronica serpyllifolia (thymeleaf speedwell) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vicia villosa (hairy vetch) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vulpia bromoides (squirreltail fescue) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vulpia myuros (annual fescue) | Present | Introduced | | Howard (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xanthium spinosum (bathurst burr) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xanthium strumarium (common cocklebur) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Streptophyta | Campylopus introflexus | Present | Introduced | | Frahm (2007) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Toxoplasma gondii | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Virus | | | Avipoxvirus | Present | | | Giddens et al. (1971); Landolt and Kocan (1976); Fitzner et al. (1985); Garner (1989) |
Virus | | | Barley yellow dwarf viruses (barley yellow dwarf) | Present | | | Gildow (1990) |
Virus | | | Grapevine virus A (grapevine closterovirus) | Present | | | Alabi et al. (2014); Mekuria et al. (2008) |
Virus | | | Iris yellow spot virus (iris yellow spot) | Present | Introduced | | Toit et al. (2004); Pappu et al. (2006); Pappu et al. (2006); Sampangi et al. (2007); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Maize dwarf mosaic virus (dwarf mosaic of maize) | Present | | | Johnson et al. (1984); CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Virus | | | Papaya ringspot virus | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Virus | | | Potato spindle tuber viroid (spindle tuber of potato) | Absent, Eradicated | | | CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1978); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Wheat streak mosaic virus (wheat streak) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | UK, CAB International (1982); Stenger et al. (2002) |