| | | Erythroneura vulnerata | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Clavibacter michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi (elm yellows) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Sinclair and Campana (1971); EPPO (2013) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | peach yellows phytoplasma (peach yellows) | Present | | | Pine and Gilmer (1976); UK, CAB International (1983); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Burkholderia caryophylli (bacterial wilt of carnation) | Present | | | Bradbury (1986); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Erwinia amylovora (fireblight) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI/EPPO (2013) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pseudomonas cichorii (bacterial blight of endive) | Present | | | Anon (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2021); Kim et al. (2003); |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas fragariae (angular leaf spot) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xylella fastidiosa (Pierce's disease of grapevines) | Present | | | Sherald (1993); CABI and EPPO (2015); Loyd and Bechtel (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Bacillariophyta | Didymosphenia geminata (didymo) | Present | Native | | Boyer (1916); Boyer (1927) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Peronospora belbahrii (basil downy mildew) | Present, Widespread | | Invasive | Wyenandt et al. (2015); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cambivora (root rot of forest trees) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); Balci et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1982) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora lateralis (Port-Orford-cedar root disease) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | CABI/EPPO (2012) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora ramorum (Sudden Oak Death (SOD)) | Absent, Eradicated | | | Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture (2022); US Forest Service Northeastern Area (2016); Hicks (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Plasmopara viticola (grapevine downy mildew) | Present | | | Baudoin et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Alternaria japonica (pod spot of radish) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); David (2000) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Blumeria graminis (powdery mildew of grasses and cereals) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2004) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Buxus blight) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ceratocystis fagacearum (oak wilt) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ceratocystis fimbriata (Ceratocystis blight) | Present | Native | | Jackson and Sleeth (1935); Dodge (1940); Walter (1946); WEBSTER and BUTLER (1967) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ceratocystis platani (canker stain of plane) | Present | | | Crandal (1935); Jackson and Sleeth (1935); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Colletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry) | Present | | | Pollok et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Cryphonectria parasitica (blight of chestnut) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Cyclaneusma minus (Cyclaneusma needle-cast) | Present | Native | | Merrill and Kistler (1974) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Diaporthe eres (apple leaf, branch and fruit fungus) | Present | | | Lin Shan et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Diplodia seriata (grapevine trunk disease) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2005) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Discula destructiva (anthracnose of dogwood) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Redlin (1991); Daughtrey et al. (1996); Zhang and Blackwell (2002); CABI and EPPO (2004); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Geosmithia morbida (thousand cankers disease) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Leptographium procerum (white pine root decline) | Present | Native | | Dochinger (1967); Towers (1977) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella dearnessii (brown spot needle blight) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella populorum (septoria leaf spot) | Present | Native | | Bowersox and Merrill (1976); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ophiostoma ulmi (Dutch elm disease) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Sinclair and Campana (1978); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Pseudogymnoascus destructans (white-nose syndrome fungus) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | US Fish and Wildlife Service (2016) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum (butternut canker) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2008) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Sphaeropsis sapinea (Sphaeropsis blight) | Present, Widespread | | | Waterman (1943) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Amylostereum areolatum | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Evans-Goldner and Bunce (2009) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Cronartium ribicola (white pine blister rust) | Present | | | Miller (1973); UK, CAB International (1983); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Gymnosporangium yamadae (Japanese apple rust) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Yun et al. (2009); Yun HyeYoung et al. (2009); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Heterobasidion root rot) | Present, Localized | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phakopsora pachyrhizi (soyabean rust) | Present | | | Barnes et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia buxi | Absent, Eradicated | | | NAPPO (2006) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals) | Present | | | Freeman and Johnson (1911); Roelfs (1978); Roelfs (1985) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum) | Present, Transient under eradication | | | CABI and EPPO (2008); O'Keefe and Davis (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Urocystis agropyri (flag smut of wheat) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) | Present | | | Raffel et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Synchytrium endobioticum (wart disease of potato) | Absent, Eradicated | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Annelida | Amynthas agrestis (crazy worm) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated); Bhatti (1965) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Annelida | Lumbricus rubellus | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Gates (1972) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Annelida | Lumbricus terrestris | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Gates (1972) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aculops lycopersici (tomato russet mite) | Present | | | Parks (1952); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Adelges tsugae (hemlock woolly adelgid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Agrilus planipennis (emerald ash borer) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | USDA Forest Service et al. (2009); Marshall et al. (2010); Francese et al. (2013); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Agrotis ipsilon (black cutworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1969); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anopheles quadrimaculatus (common malaria mosquito) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anthrenus pimpinellae | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis craccivora (groundnut aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1983) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1968) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Apis mellifera | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale) | Present | | | Nakahara (1982) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present | | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (MED) (silverleaf whitefly) | Present | | | McKenzie et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Blattella germanica (German cockroach) | Present | Introduced | | Insect Identification (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bruchophagus roddi (alfalfa seed chalcid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1988); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Callidiellum rufipenne (Japanese cedar longhorn beetle) | Absent, Intercepted only | | | Maier and Lemmon (2000); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Carcinus maenas (European shore crab) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Carlton and Cohen (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chionaspis pinifoliae (pine leaf scale) | Present | Native | | Sleesman (1945); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale) | Present | | | Nakahara (1982) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cinara cupressi sensu lato (Cypress aphid) | Present | | | Watson et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coccinella septempunctata (seven-spot ladybird) | Present | Introduced | | Hoebeke and Wheeler (1980) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Conotrachelus nenuphar (plum curculio) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1954); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Corythucha ciliata (sycamore lace bug) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Corythucha marmorata (chrysanthemum lace bug) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cryptococcus fagisuga (beech coccus) | Present | Introduced | | McCulloch (2000); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendroctonus frontalis (southern pine beetle) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendroctonus rufipennis (spruce beetle) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Wood (1982); CABI and EPPO (2004); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendroctonus valens (red turpentine beetle) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (western corn rootworm) | Present | | | Krysan and Smith (1987); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diprion similis (white pine sawfly) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Hartley (1923); Coppel et al. (1974) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila) | Present | Introduced | | Freda and Braverman (2013); CABI and EPPO (2016); Turcotte et al. (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Oriental chestnut gall wasp) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Duponchelia fovealis (Southern European marshland pyralid) | Present | | | Lotts and Naberhaus (2021) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Exomala orientalis (oriental beetle) | Present | Introduced | | Potter (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Faxonius limosus (Spiny-cheek crayfish) | Present | Native | | Hamr (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Faxonius rusticus (rusty crayfish) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Durland Donahou et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Faxonius virilis (virile crayfish) | Present | Introduced | | Taylor et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug) | Present | | | Kosztarab (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Forficula auricularia (European earwig) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Weems and Skelley (2010); Jacobs (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips) | Present | Introduced | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gilpinia hercyniae (spruce sawfly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Smith (1979) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Grapholita molesta (Oriental fruit moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Evenden and McLaughlin (2004); Kirk et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Halyomorpha halys (brown marmorated stink bug) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | Hoebeke and Carter (2003); Oregon Department of Agriculture (2005); Nielsen and Hamilton (2009); CABI and EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Harmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Koch et al. (2006); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa zea (American cotton bollworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1961) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale (USA)) | Present | | | Stimmel (1987); Kosztarab (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hylurgops palliatus (lesser spruce shoot beetle) | Present | | | Hoebeke and Acciavatti (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hyphantria cunea (mulberry moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia) | Present | | | Ben-Dov et al. (1998) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ips grandicollis (five-spined bark beetle) | Present, Widespread | | | Wood (1982); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ips typographus (eight-toothed bark beetle) | Absent, Intercepted only | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1962); Jacques (1988); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leptoglossus occidentalis (western conifer-seed bug) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza sativae (vegetable leaf miner) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lycorma delicatula (spotted lanternfly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Barringer et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) | Present, Widespread | | | Gansner and Herrick (1985); USDA-APHIS (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Metcalfa pruinosa (frosted moth-bug) | Present, Widespread | | | Duzee (1917); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzocallis walshii | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) | Present | | | Smith and Parron (1978); Jansson and Smilowitz (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Neodiprion sertifer (European pine sawfly) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Lyons (1964) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Neolecanium cornuparvum (magnolia scale) | Present | Native | | Ben-Dov (1993); Herrick (1931); Hamon and Williams (1984) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Obolodiplosis robiniae (black locust gall midge) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oracella acuta (loblolly pine mealybug) | Present | Native | | Johnson and Lyon (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Orientus ishidae (mosaic leafhopper) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ostrinia nubilalis (European maize borer) | Present | | | Mutuura and Munroe (1970); UK, CAB International (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Otiorhynchus sulcatus (vine weevil) | Present | | | O'Brien and Wibmer (1982); Owen et al. (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paratrechina longicornis (crazy ant) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Parthenolecanium persicae (peach scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1979); Kosztarab (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phyllocnistis vitegenella | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pieris rapae (cabbage white butterfly) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1952) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1967) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Polistes dominula (European paper wasp) | Present | | | Jacobson (1991) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Polyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Popillia japonica (Japanese beetle) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Commonwealth Institute of Entomology (1978) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Procambarus acutus acutus | Present | Native | | Taylor et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudococcus viburni (obscure mealybug) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Gimpel and Miller (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pyrrhalta luteola (elm leaf beetle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | EFETAC (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhagoletis cingulata (cherry fruit fly) | Present, Few occurrences | Native | | Bush (1966); Foote et al. (1993); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhagoletis fausta (black cherry fruit fly) | Present | | | Foote et al. (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhagoletis mendax (blueberry fruit fly) | Present | | | Foote et al. (1993); Payne and Berlocher (1995); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhagoletis pomonella (apple maggot) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Berlocher and McPheron (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhinocyllus conicus (thistle-head weevil) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Andres and Rees (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhyacionia buoliana (European pine shoot moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Saperda candida | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Scolytus schevyrewi (banded elm bark beetle) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sirex noctilio (woodwasp) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); NAPPO (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Early et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite) | Present | | | International Institute of Entomology (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Toumeyella parvicornis (pine tortoise scale) | Present | | | Rajotte (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trialeurodes vaporariorum (whitefly, greenhouse) | Present | | | Byrne et al. (1990) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trisetacus juniperinus (juniper gall mite) | Present | Native | Invasive | Smith (1984) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trogoderma granarium (khapra beetle) | Absent, Eradicated | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Vespula germanica (German wasp) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Menke and Snelling (1975) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Viteus vitifoliae (grapevine phylloxera) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborinus saxesenii (fruit-tree pinhole borer) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus dispar (pear blight beetle) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Bright (1968); Wood (1982) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus germanus (black timber bark beetle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Wood and Bright (1992); CABI and EPPO (2008); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus mutilatus (camphor shoot beetle) | Present | | | Barringer (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Zeuzera pyrina (wood leopard moth) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1952) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Alosa aestivalis (blueback herring) | Present, Widespread | Native | | USGS NAS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Alosa pseudoharengus (alewife) | Present, Localized | Native | Invasive | Miller (1957); Steiner (2002); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ambloplites rupestris (rock bass) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Lee et al. (1980); Tilmant (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ameiurus nebulosus (brown bullhead) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Fuller et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Astronotus ocellatus (oscar) | Present | Introduced | | Courtenay and Hensley (1979); Courtenay et al. (1984); Courtenay and Stauffer (1990); USGS NAS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bos taurus (cattle) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Branta canadensis (Canada goose) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Mowbray et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Branta hutchinsii | Present, Localized | Native | | Abraham (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Canis latrans (Coyote) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Bixel (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Carpodacus mexicanus (house finch) | Present | | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cervus canadensis (wapiti) | Present, Localized | | | Larkin et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cervus nippon (sika) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | | | Feldhamer and Demerais (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Chrysemys picta (painted turtle) | Present | Native | | Van Dijk (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Columba livia (pigeons) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ctenopharyngodon idella (grass carp) | Present | Introduced | | US Geological Survey (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cygnus olor (mute swan) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cyprinus carpio (common carp) | Present | Introduced | | US Geological Survey (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish) | Present | Introduced | | Lee et al. (1980); USGS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepomis cyanellus (green sunfish) | Present | Introduced | | NatureServe (2013); USGS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepomis gibbosus (pumpkinseed) | Present | Native | | Scott and Crossman (1973) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepomis gulosus (warmouth) | Present | Native | | USGS NAS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepomis microlophus (redear sunfish) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Fuller et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepus europaeus (European hare) | Absent, Formerly present | | | Fraguglione (1963); Long (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Micropterus dolomieu (smallmouth bass) | Present | Native | | Tovey et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass) | Present | | | Fuller et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Molothrus ater (brown-headed cowbird) | Present | | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Morone americana (white perch) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Fuller et al. (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Neogobius melanostomus (round goby) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Jude (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Neovison vison (American mink) | Present | Native | | Larivière (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) | Present | Introduced | | Behnke (2002); Fuller (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Pullin et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Pullin et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Passer domesticus (house sparrow) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Perca flavescens (yellow perch) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Brown et al. (2009); USGS NAS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Petromyzon marinus (sea lamprey) | Present | | | Emery (1985); Froese and Pauly (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Phasianus colchicus (common pheasant) | Present, Widespread | | | eBird (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) | Present | | | USGS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Podarcis sicula (Italian wall lizard) | Absent, Formerly present | | | Burke and Deichsel (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pomoxis annularis (white crappie) | Present | Introduced | | Hocutt et al. (1986); USGS NAS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pomoxis nigromaculatus (black crappie) | Present | Introduced | | Hocutt et al. (1986); USGS NAS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Procyon lotor (raccoon) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Gehrt (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rana catesbeiana (American bullfrog) | Present | Native | | NatureServe (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Salvelinus fontinalis (brook trout) | Present | Native | | Robins et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sander vitreus (walleye) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Etnier and Starnes (1993) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sciurus niger (fox squirrel) | Present, Localized | Native | | Hall (1981) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tinca tinca (tench) | Present | Introduced | | Nico and Fuller (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tyto alba (Barn owl) | Present, Few occurrences | Native | | Marti et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Umbra pygmaea (eastern mudminnow) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Page and Burr (1991) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Vulpes vulpes (red fox) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Cnidaria | Cordylophora (euryhaline hydroid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Leidy (1870); Potts (1884) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Cnidaria | Myxobolus cerebralis (whirling disease agent) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Hoffman et al. (1962) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Arion fasciatus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Corbicula fluminea (Asian clam) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Deroceras laeve (meadow slug) | Present | Native | | White-McLean and Redford (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USGS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (quagga mussel) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USGS-NAS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Limax maximus (leopard slug) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Tryon (1867); Dundee (1974); NatureServe (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Oxychilus alliarius (garlic snail) | Present | Introduced | | NatureServe (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Aphelenchoides fragariae (strawberry crimp nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (pine wilt nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Heterodera goettingiana (pea cyst eelworm) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | Walters and Barker (1994); CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Haptophyta | Prymnesium parvum (golden algae) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Renner (2009); Brooks et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Dennstaedtia punctilobula | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Lygodium japonicum (Japanese climbing fern) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteridium aquilinum (bracken) | Present | Native | | Crane (1990) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Salvinia molesta (kariba weed) | Present | | Invasive | McFarland Nelson et al. (2004); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon theophrasti (velvet leaf) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acanthospermum australe (spiny-bur) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer negundo (box elder) | Present | Native | | Rosario (1988) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer platanoides (Norway maple) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2004); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | Invasive | DCNR (2001); Anon (2004); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer rufinerve (grey snake-bark maple) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | BGCI (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aegilops cylindrica | Present | | | USA, USDA-NRCS (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Moldenke (1946) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agrostis capillaris (common bent) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aira caryophyllea (silver hairgrass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Akebia quinata (five-leaf akebia) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2013); USDA-NRCS (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia julibrissin (silk tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002); Zhao et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alnus glutinosa (European alder) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alopecurus myosuroides (black-grass) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alopecurus pratensis (meadow foxtail) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus blitum (livid amaranth) | Present | | | Flora of North America (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus cruentus (red amaranth) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus hybridus (smooth pigweed) | Present | | | Hartzler and Roth (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus palmeri (Palmer amaranth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed) | Present, Widespread | | | USDA (1970) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth) | Present | | | Correll and Johnston (1979); USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus tuberculatus (rough-fruited water-hemp) | Present | Introduced | | Mosyakin and Robertson (2003); USDA-ARS (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987); Spackman et al. (1995); Henry et al. (1999); Strother (2006); USDA-ARS (2016); USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia psilostachya (perennial ragweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia trifida (giant ragweed) | Present | Native | | Strother (2006); USDA-ARS (2016); USDA-NRCS (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amelanchier lamarckii (snowy mespilus) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amelanchier spicata (dwarf serviceberry) | Present | | | USA, University of Maine (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ammophila arenaria (marram grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ammophila breviligulata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amorpha fruticosa (false indigo-bush) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Andropogon glomeratus (bushy bluestem) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Andropogon virginicus (broomsedge) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anethum graveolens (dill) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anthemis cotula (dog fennel) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anthoxanthum odoratum (sweet vernal grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aralia racemosa | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arceuthobium pusillum (eastern dwarf mistletoe) | Present | Native | Invasive | Hawksworth and Wiens (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy) | Present | Introduced | | Ownbey (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aronia x prunifolia | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arrhenatherum elatius (false oat-grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Swearingen (2006); USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artemisia biennis (biennial wormwood) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arthraxon hispidus (small carpetgrass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asclepias syriaca (common milkweed) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Avena fatua (wild oat) | Present | Introduced | | USDA (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Avena sterilis (winter wild oat) | Present | | | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Baccharis halimifolia (groundsel-bush) | Present | Native | | Wherry et al. (1979); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Basella alba (malabar spinach) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Dave's Garden (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Berberis thunbergii (Japanese barberry) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens frondosa (beggarticks) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens pilosa (blackjack) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-NRCS (2018); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Boltonia asteroides | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica juncea (mustard) | Present | Introduced | | Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica nigra (black mustard) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica rapa (field mustard) | Present | Introduced | | New York Botanical Garden (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus hordeaceus (soft brome) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus inermis (Awnless brome) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus secalinus (rye brome) | Present | Introduced | | Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2016); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus sterilis (barren brome) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus tectorum (downy brome) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Hitchcock (1950) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Buddleja davidii (butterfly bush) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008); NatureServe (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cabomba caroliniana (Carolina fanwort) | Present | | | GBIF (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cakile edentula | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calycanthus floridus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Capnoides sempervirens | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Capsella bursa-pastoris (shepherd's purse) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Capsicum annuum (bell pepper) | Present | Native and Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carduus nutans (nodding thistle) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Dunn (1976) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carduus pycnocephalus (Italian thistle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Celastrus orbiculatus (Asiatic bittersweet) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Patterson (1974); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus longispinus (Spiny burrgrass) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea debeauxii (meadow knapweed) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea melitensis (Maltese starthistle) | Present | Introduced | | Wherry et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea stoebe subsp. micranthos (spotted knapweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ceratophyllum demersum (coontail) | Present, Widespread | | | Westerdahl and Getsinger (1988) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chamaecrista nictitans (sensitive partridge pea) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chondrilla juncea (rush skeletonweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2015); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cirsium arvense (creeping thistle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Hodgson (1971); USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clematis terniflora (sweet autumn clematis) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2018); Burnham (2013); Roskov et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cleome viscosa (Asian spiderflower) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears) | Present | Introduced | | Thieret (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Colocasia esculenta (taro) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conium maculatum (poison hemlock) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Convolvulus arvensis (bindweed) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza canadensis (Canadian fleabane) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cornus sericea (redosier dogwood) | Present | Native | | Rhoads and McKinley Klein (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2016); USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crataegus monogyna (hawthorn) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crypsis schoenoides (swamp pricklegrass) | Present | Introduced | | eMonocot (2015); USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuscuta campestris (field dodder) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuscuta epithymum (alfalfa dodder) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynoglossum officinale (hound's tongue) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) | Present, Widespread | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987); USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cytisus scoparius (Scotch broom) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura ferox (fierce thornapple) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura innoxia (downy thorn apple) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura stramonium (jimsonweed) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Descurainia sophia (flixweed) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016); GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass) | Present | | | Hitchcock (1950); USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ischaemum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Diodia teres (poorjoe) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dipsacus fullonum (common teasel) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014); Guiser and Kuhns (1988) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinocystis lobata (wild cucumber) | Present | Native | | Stocking (1955) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eclipta prostrata (eclipta) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Egeria densa (leafy elodea) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive) | Present | Introduced | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeagnus umbellata (autumn olive) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleusine indica (goose grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Godfrey and Wooten (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elodea nuttallii (Nuttall's waterweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elymus repens (quackgrass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Epilobium ciliatum (northern willowherb) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis curvula (weeping lovegrass) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eriochloa villosa | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erodium cicutarium (common storksbill) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euonymus fortunei (wintercreeper) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia davidii | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia esula (leafy spurge) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia terracina (false caper) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia baldschuanica (Russian vine) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia convolvulus (black bindweed) | Present | | | Fontana (1980); USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia japonica (Japanese knotweed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia sachalinensis (giant knotweed) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia x bohemica | Present | | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Festuca pratensis (meadow fescue) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016); Aiken et al. (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus carica (common fig) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fragaria vesca (wild strawberry) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Frangula alnus (alder buckthorn) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fraxinus americana (white ash) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fraxinus pennsylvanica (downy ash) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gaillardia pulchella (Indian blanket) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galega officinalis (goatsrue) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Glandularia canadensis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Glechoma hederacea (ground ivy) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gleditsia triacanthos (honey locust) | Present, Planted | Native | | CABI (Undated); Loyd and Bechtel (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Glossostigma cleistanthum (mudmat) | Present | | | Les et al. (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Glyceria grandis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphrena globosa (globe amaranth) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gypsophila paniculata (baby’s breath) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedera helix (ivy) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedychium coccineum (scarlet ginger lily) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helenium amarum (bitterweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helenium quadridentatum (longdisk sneezeweed) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helianthus debilis (beach sunflower) | Present | | | USDA-ARS (2020); USDA-NRCS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helianthus decapetalus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heliotropium curassavicum (salt heliotrope) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helminthotheca echioides (bristly oxtongue) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Missouri Botanical Garden (2015); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hemerocallis fulva (tawny daylily) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hibiscus trionum (Venice mallow) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Holcus lanatus (common velvet grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2012); USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Humulus scandens (Japanese hop) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Swearingen et al. (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort) | Present, Few occurrences | Native | | Mathias (1936); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyoscyamus niger (black henbane) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hypochaeris radicata (cat's ear) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens balsamina (garden balsam) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea purpurea (tall morning glory) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea quamoclit (cypress vine) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Iva xanthiifolia (marsh-elder) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus effusus (common rush) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus ensifolius (swordleaf rush) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus tenuis (slender rush) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lactuca floridana (woodland lettuce) | Present, Widespread | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lamium amplexicaule (henbit deadnettle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna perpusilla (duckweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leonurus japonicus (honeyweed) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium draba (hoary cress) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa fusca (sprangletop) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2018); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa mucronata (mucronate sprangletop ) | Present | | Invasive | Rhoads et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lespedeza cuneata (sericea lespedeza) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucanthemum vulgare (oxeye daisy) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leymus canadensis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum obtusifolium (border privet) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum vulgare (common privet) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | US Forest Service (2006); Texas Invasives (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Linaria dalmatica (dalmatian toadflax) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Linaria vulgaris (common toadflax) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Linum virginianum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013); Viji et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium temulentum (darnel) | Present | Introduced | | USDA (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera maackii (Amur honeysuckle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera morrowii (Morrow’s honeysuckle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PA-DCNR (2018); Edalgo and Anderson (2009); USDA-NRCS (2018); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia grandiflora (water primrose) | Present | | | GBIF (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia palustris (marsh seedbox) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia peploides (water primrose) | Present | | | GBIF (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Stuckey (1980); USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Malva pusilla (round-leaved mallow) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Marrubium vulgare (horehound) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago lupulina (black medick) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago polymorpha (bur clover) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melilotus albus (honey clover) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melilotus officinalis (yellow sweet clover) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mentha pulegium (pennyroyal) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (crystalline iceplant) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Microstegium vimineum (Nepalese browntop) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Hitchcock and Chase (1951); USDA-NRCS (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mikania scandens | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | Moldenke (1946) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Miscanthus sinensis (eulalia) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Monarda didyma | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Monarda punctata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Muhlenbergia frondosa | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2007); Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myriophyllum heterophyllum (broadleaf watermilfoil) | Present | | | USDA-NRCS (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myriophyllum spicatum (spiked watermilfoil) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); USDA-NRCS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nasturtium microphyllum (one-row watercress) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nymphoides peltata (yellow floating-heart) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Stuckey (1973) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Onopordum acanthium (scotch thistle) | Present | Introduced | | Britton and Brown (1970); USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Orobanche minor (common broomrape) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oxalis corniculata (creeping woodsorrel) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parietaria pensylvanica | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia creeper) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum distichum (knotgrass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2009); Chase (1929) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pastinaca sativa (parsnip) | Present | | | BONAP (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paulownia tomentosa (paulownia) | Present | Introduced | | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria maculosa (redshank) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria perfoliata (mile-a-minute weed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | USA, National Park Service (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria punctata (dotted smartweed) | Present | Native | | Flora of North America (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phalaris paradoxa (awned canary-grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016); Reed (1977) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phleum pratense (timothy grass) | Present | Introduced | | Kew (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phragmites australis (common reed) | Present | | Invasive | Saltonstall (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllostachys aurea (golden bamboo) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-APHIS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllostachys aureosulcata (yellow groove bamboo) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-APHIS (2012); EDDMapS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pilosella aurantiaca (orange hawkweed) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pilosella caespitosa (yellow hawkweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pilosella officinarum (mouse-ear hawkweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago coronopus (Buck's-horn plantain) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago lanceolata (ribwort plantain) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago major (broad-leaved plantain) | Present | | | USDA-NRCS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa annua (annual meadowgrass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2014); Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa compressa (Canada bluegrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Plant Atlas of New England (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa nemoralis (wood bluegrass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa pratensis (smooth meadow-grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | ISSG (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polycarpon tetraphyllum (fourleaf allseed) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum hydropiper (marsh pepper) | Present | | | USDA (1970) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pontederia cordata (pickerel weed) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Populus alba (silver-leaf poplar) | Present | Introduced | | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Populus nigra (black poplar) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Portulaca oleracea (purslane) | Present | Introduced | | Zimmerman (1976) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Potamogeton crispus (curlyleaf pondweed) | Present | Introduced | | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prunella vulgaris (self-heal) | Present | Native | | WCSP (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prunus serotina (black cherry) | Present, Planted | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2014); Turcotte et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pueraria montana var. lobata (kudzu) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pyracantha coccinea (scarlet firethorn) | Present | Introduced | | Swearingen and Bargeron (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Raphanus raphanistrum (wild radish) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rhamnus cathartica (buckthorn) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rhus typhina (staghorn sumac) | Present, Widespread | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ricinus communis (castor bean) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust) | Present, Planted | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosa multiflora (multiflora rose) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Munger (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosa rugosa (rugosa rose) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosa setigera | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) | Present | | | Ciafré and Barringer (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rotala ramosior | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus argutus (sawtooth blackberry) | Present, Widespread | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus armeniacus (Himalayan blackberry) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus fruticosus (blackberry) | Present | | | Joshi et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rudbeckia laciniata (cutleaf coneflower) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015); USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex acetosella (sheep's sorrel) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex crispus (curled dock) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Russelia equisetiformis (firecracker plant) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sagittaria latifolia (broadleaf arrowhead) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salix cinerea (grey sallow) | Present | Introduced | | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salix fragilis (crack willow) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sambucus canadensis (American black elderberry) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sambucus nigra (elder) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Securigera varia (crown vetch) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Plants in Pennsylvania (2016); US Forest Service (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senecio jacobaea (common ragwort) | Present | Introduced | | Britton and Brown (1936); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senecio vulgaris | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna obtusifolia (sicklepod) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria faberi (giant foxtail) | Present, Widespread | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail) | Present | | | Hitchcock (1951) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria verticillata (bristly foxtail) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria viridis (green foxtail) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sicyos angulatus (burcucumber) | Present | Native | Invasive | Esbenshade et al. (2001); Esbenshade et al. (2001); Esbenshade et al. (2001); USDA-NRCS (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida acuta (sida) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida linifolia (flaxleaf fanpetals) | Absent, Formerly present | | | Ruiz and Carlton (2003); NatureServe (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silene gallica (common catchfly) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silene latifolia subsp. alba (white campion) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2015); USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silybum marianum (variegated thistle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sisymbrium irio | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum carolinense (horsenettle) | Present, Widespread | | | USDA (1971); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet nightshade) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum sisymbriifolium (sticky nightshade) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum viarum (tropical soda apple) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solidago canadensis (Canadian goldenrod) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solidago gigantea (giant goldenrod) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solidago graminifolia | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solidago nemoralis (grey goldenrod) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); USDA-NRCS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solidago rugosa | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solidago sempervirens (seaside goldenrod) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus arvensis (perennial sowthistle) | Present | | | USDA (1970) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spartina pectinata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus pyramidatus (whorled dropseed) | Absent, Formerly present | | | USDA-NRCS (2016); Rhoads and McKinley Klein (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachys arvensis (staggerweed) | Present | Introduced | | Hill (1986); Govaerts (2014); NatureServe (2014); USDA-NRCS (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Symphyotrichum novi-belgii (New York aster) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Taeniatherum caput-medusae (medusahead wildrye) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tagetes erecta (Mexican marigold) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarix parviflora (small-flower tamarisk) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tanacetum vulgare (tansy) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Taraxacum officinale complex (dandelion) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thlaspi perfoliatum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thymophylla tenuiloba (Dahlberg daisy) | Present | Introduced | | Dave's Garden (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tragus racemosus (stalker bur grass) | Absent, Formerly present | | | SEINet (2020); Pohl (1947); USDA-NRCS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trapa natans (waterchestnut) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | O'Neill (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tribulus terrestris (puncture vine) | Present | | | Lorenzi and Jeffery (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tripsacum dactyloides (eastern gamagrass) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha angustifolia (lesser bulrush) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2007); Chambers et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail) | Present | Native | | USA, USDA-NRCS (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha x glauca (hybrid cattail) | Present | | Invasive | USA, USDA-NRCS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ulex europaeus (gorse) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urtica urens (annual nettle) | Present | | | Flora of North America Editorial Committee (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Utricularia gibba | Absent, Formerly present | | | USDA-NRCS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbascum thapsus (common mullein) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbena urticifolia | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbesina encelioides (golden crownbeard) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vicia villosa (hairy vetch) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vincetoxicum nigrum (black swallowwort) | Present | Introduced | | Sheeley and Raynal (1996); USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vincetoxicum rossicum (European swallowwort) | Present | Introduced | | Sheeley and Raynal (1996); USDA-NRCS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vitex agnus-castus (chaste tree) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vitis cinerea | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vulpia myuros (annual fescue) | Present | Introduced | | Howard (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Wisteria sinensis (Chinese wisteria) | Present | Introduced | | Meehan (1871); Kartesz (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xanthium spinosum (bathurst burr) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xanthium strumarium (common cocklebur) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Youngia japonica (oriental false hawksbeard) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2018) |
Virus | | | Avipoxvirus | Present, Widespread | | | Locke (1961); Ratcliff (1967); Petrak (1982) |
Virus | | | Barley yellow dwarf viruses (barley yellow dwarf) | Present | | | Gildow (1990) |
Virus | | | Iris yellow spot virus (iris yellow spot) | Present | | | Hoepting and Fuchs (2012); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Maize dwarf mosaic virus (dwarf mosaic of maize) | Present | | | Mackenzie and Wernham (1967); Ayers et al. (1978); CABI and EPPO (2003); CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Papaya ringspot virus | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Virus | | | Plum pox virus (sharka) | Absent, Eradicated | | | Levy et al. (2000); Hughes et al. (2002); CABI and EPPO (2007); NAPPO (2009); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1978); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Wheat streak mosaic virus (wheat streak) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1982) |