Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vasculorum (sugarcane gumming disease) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Plasmopara viticola (grapevine downy mildew) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1988) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Cryphonectria parasitica (blight of chestnut) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Heterobasidion annosum | Present | | | Korhonen (1978) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Heterobasidion root rot) | Present | | | Korhonen (1978) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia buxi | Present, Few occurrences | | | Gjærum and Sunding (1986); Gjaerum (1982); BPI (US National Fungus Collections) (2009); Camacho et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Annelida | Lumbricus terrestris | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Gates (1972) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Annelida | Pileolaria berkeleyana | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Annelida | Spirorbis marioni | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aculops lycopersici (tomato russet mite) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurodicus dispersus (whitefly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | EPPO (2022); NHM (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidiella aurantii (red scale) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); UK, CAB International (1968) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1966) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Atheta mucronata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bombus terrestris (bumble bee) | Present | Introduced | | Widmer et al. (1998) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Brevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Buchananiella continua | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cacoecimorpha pronubana (carnation tortrix) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cardiocondyla emeryi | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cardiocondyla mauritanica | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Fimiani (1989); Gasperi et al. (2002); CABI and EPPO (2015); Karsten et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysodeixis chalcites (golden twin-spot moth) | Present | Native | | UK, CAB International (1977) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1988); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1969); Carvalho and Aguiar (1997); Danzig and Pellizzari (1998) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cirrospilus ingenuus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coccinella septempunctata (seven-spot ladybird) | Present | | | de Jong et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Crenidorsum aroidephagus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Crocidosema plebejana (cotton tipworm) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | CHHOTANI (1970); Nobre and Nunes (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ctenarytaina eucalypti (blue gum psyllid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Burckhardt (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diaspidiotus perniciosus (San José scale) | Present | | | Kosztarab and Kozár (1988); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diuraphis noxia (Russian wheat aphid) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Duponchelia fovealis (Southern European marshland pyralid) | Present | | | Aguiar and Karsholt (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1972); Graham (1983) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eriosoma lanigerum (woolly aphid) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Essigella californica (Monterey pine aphid) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ferraria crispa (Black flag) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Forficula auricularia (European earwig) | Present | | | Steinmann (1993) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips) | Present, Widespread | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gynaikothrips ficorum (Cuban laurel thrips) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1983); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale (USA)) | Present | | | NHM (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hylurgus ligniperda (red-haired pine bark beetle) | Present | Native | | Schedl (1959); CABI and EPPO (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hypoponera punctatissima | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1971); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Idiopterus nephrelepidis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1957) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle) | Absent, Confirmed absent by survey | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leucoptera malifoliella (pear leaf blister moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Linepithema humile (Argentine ant) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liposcelis decolor | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Macrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); UK, CAB International (1984) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monomorium pharaonis (pharaoh ant) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Mythimna unipuncta (rice armyworm) | Present | Introduced | | UK, CAB International (1967) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzus hemerocallis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Nieto Nafria et al. (1977) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nezara viridula (green stink bug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1970) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nipaecoccus nipae (spiked mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oceanaspidiotus spinosus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Opogona omoscopa | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Opogona sacchari (banana moth) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Durrant (1925); CABI and EPPO (1999); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Orthotomicus erosus (Mediterranean pine beetle) | Present | Native | Invasive | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Otiorhynchus sulcatus (vine weevil) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Palaemon elegans (rock shrimp) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paraleyrodes bondari | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Martin (1996); NHM (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paraleyrodes citricolus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paraleyrodes minei | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paratrechina longicornis (crazy ant) | Present | | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Parthenolecanium persicae (peach scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1979); Vieira et al. (1983) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pheidole megacephala (big-headed ant) | Present | Introduced | | Wetterer et al. (2007); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phenacoccus peruvianus | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Franco et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phoracantha semipunctata (eucalyptus longhorned borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); UK, CAB International (1986); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pieris brassicae (large cabbage white) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pieris rapae (cabbage white butterfly) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1952) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pissodes castaneus (small banded pine weevil) | Present | Native | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Plesiothrips perplexus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Praeacedes atomosella | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Prays citri (citrus flower moth) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Carvalho and Franquinho Aguiar (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Prenolepis jaegerskioeldi | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudacysta perseae | Present, Few occurrences | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudococcus viburni (obscure mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Gimpel and Miller (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Psylliodes chrysocephala (cabbage stem flea beetle) | Present | | | Bonnemaison and Jourdheuil (1954) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhyacionia buoliana (European pine shoot moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (red palm weevil) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Saissetia oleae (olive scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1952); Ben-Dov (1993) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sirex noctilio (woodwasp) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sophonia orientalis (two-spotted leafhopper) | Present | Introduced | | Aguin-Pombo et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera littoralis (cotton leafworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1967); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Steatoda nobilis (false widow spider) | Present | | | Snazell and Jones (1993); Kulczycki et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Strumigenys membranifera | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Strumigenys silvestrii | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tachinaephagus zealandicus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Technomyrmex albipes (white-footed ant) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tipula paludosa (European crane fly) | Present | | | Oosterbroek and Theowald (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tomicus piniperda (common pine shoot beetle) | Present | | | Balachowsky (1949) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid) | Present, Widespread | | | CABI and EPPO (1998); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trialeurodes vaporariorum (whitefly, greenhouse) | Present | | | Byrne et al. (1990); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tuberculatus kuricola | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Vespula germanica (German wasp) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Saunders (1903); Blüthgen (1940); Erlandsson (1978); Smit (2000) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Viteus vitifoliae (grapevine phylloxera) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Wahlgreniella arbuti | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborinus saxesenii (fruit-tree pinhole borer) | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1973); Wood and Bright (1992); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Capra hircus (goats) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Clavelina lepadiformis (light bulb tunicate) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Columba livia (pigeons) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Felis catus (cat) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Microcosmus squamiger | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2011); Froese and Pauly (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ovis aries (sheep) | Present | | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pelophylax perezi | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Petromyzon marinus (sea lamprey) | Present | Native | | Ribeiro et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rachycentron canadum (cobia) | Present | Native | | IUCN (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tyto alba (Barn owl) | Present | Native | | Bruce (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Cnidaria | Macrorhynchia philippina | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Cornu aspersum (common garden snail) | Present | | | Taylor (1914) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Deroceras invadens (tramp slug) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Rähle (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Deroceras laeve (meadow slug) | Present | Native | | Fauna Europea (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Limax maximus (leopard slug) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Wollaston (1878); Seddon (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Magallana gigas (Pacific oyster) | Present | Introduced | | Kaufmann et al. (1994); Andrade (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Oxychilus alliarius (garlic snail) | Present | Introduced | | Seddon (2008); Cunha et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Theba pisana (white garden snail) | Present | | | Germain (1908); Gittenberger and Ripken (1987); Cowie (1990); Cameron and Cook (2001); Cameron et al. (2006); Bank (2007); Cameron et al. (2007); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Aphelenchoides fragariae (strawberry crimp nematode) | Present | | | Sturhan (1973); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi (Chrysanthemum foliar eelworm) | Present, Widespread | | | Sturhan (1973); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (pine wilt nematode) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Ditylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Globodera pallida (white potato cyst nematode) | Present | Introduced | | CABI/EPPO (2011); Borges et al. (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Globodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode) | Present | | | Cunha et al. (2004); Anon (2009); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Helicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne chitwoodi (columbia root-knot nematode) | Present, Few occurrences | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Pratylenchus goodeyi (banana lesion nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2000) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode) | Absent, Eradicated | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Xiphinema diversicaudatum (dagger nematode) | Present, Localized | | | Bravo and Lemos (1997); CABI and EPPO (2001); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Chlorophyta | Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Adiantum hispidulum (rosy maidenhair fern) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Adiantum raddianum (delta maidenhair fern) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | UK, Natural History Museum (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Cyrtomium falcatum (Japanese holly fern) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Press et al. (1986) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Deparia petersenii subsp. petersenii (Petersen’s lady fern) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Robinson et al. (2010); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Doodia caudata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteridium aquilinum (bracken) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Tutin and et al. (1964) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern) | Present | Introduced | | Euro+Med (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Grateloupia turuturu | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Hypnea musciformis | Present | Native | | Neto et al. (2001); John et al. (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Polysiphonia brodiei | Present | Native | | John et al. (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon grandifolium (hairy Indian mallow) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia farnesiana (huisache) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia longifolia (golden wattle) | Present | Introduced | | EFSA Panel on Plant Health (2015); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia verticillata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer platanoides (Norway maple) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Achillea millefolium (yarrow) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agave americana (century plant) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Silva et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratina adenophora (Croftonweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2016); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2016); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aizoon hispanicum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Allamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Allium vineale (crow garlic) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aloe vera (true aloe) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2017); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alstroemeria pulchella | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus deflexus (Perennial Pigweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus hybridus (smooth pigweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus muricatus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus palmeri (Palmer amaranth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Euro+Med (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2015); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaryllis belladonna | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) | Present | Introduced | | Allard (1943); Euro+Med (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anacyclus radiatus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Andryala integrifolia | Present | Introduced | | Ferreira et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anethum graveolens (dill) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona cherimola (cherimoya) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anredera cordifolia (Madeira vine) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anthemis cotula (dog fennel) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anthoxanthum odoratum (sweet vernal grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anthriscus caucalis (bur chervil) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Antigonon leptopus (coral vine) | Present | Introduced | | Vieria Silva (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Apium leptophyllum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arctotis venusta | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Argemone ochroleuca (pale Mexican pricklypoppy) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2015); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arrhenatherum elatius (false oat-grass) | Present | Native | | eMonocot (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artemisia verlotiorum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arundo donax (giant reed) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asclepias curassavica (bloodflower) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asparagus asparagoides (bridal creeper) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asparagus setaceus (asparagus fern) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens pilosa (blackjack) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brachypodium distachyon (purple false brome) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brachypodium sylvaticum (slender false brome) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica nigra (black mustard) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Breynia disticha (snowbush) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus diandrus (great brome) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus hordeaceus (soft brome) | Present | Native | | eMonocot (2013); USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus madritensis (compact brome) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus rigidus (ripgut brome) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calceolaria tripartita | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Campanula lusitanica | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canna indica (canna lilly) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); DAISIE (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carduus pycnocephalus (Italian thistle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carpobrotus edulis (hottentot fig) | Present | Introduced | | Weber (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina cunninghamiana (Australian beefwood) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina equisetifolia (casuarina) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea diluta | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea sonchifolia | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea sphaerocephala | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centratherum punctatum (lark daisy) | Present | Introduced | | Flann (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chamaemelum mixtum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chamaesyce nutans | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chamaesyce prostrata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chasmanthe aethiopica | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris gayana (Rhodes grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2020); Seebens et al. (2017); Clayton et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris virgata (feather finger grass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cinnamomum verum (cinnamon) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cirsium vulgare (spear thistle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | Borges et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coleostephus myconis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Colocasia esculenta (taro) | Present | Introduced | | Vieria Silva (2002); DAISIE (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Commelina benghalensis (wandering jew) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Commelina diffusa (spreading dayflower) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conium maculatum (poison hemlock) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Convolvulus arvensis (bindweed) | Present | | | Stace (1972) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coronilla valentina | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Corrigiola litoralis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cortaderia selloana (pampas grass) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | Silva (2002); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cotoneaster pannosus (silverleaf cotoneaster) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crepis capillaris (smooth hawksbeard) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora (montbretia) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2016); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean cypress) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynara cardunculus (cardoon) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus alternifolius (Umbrella flatsedge) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus eragrostis (Tall flatsedge) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) | Present | | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cytisus scoparius (Scotch broom) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Heywood and Ball (1968); DAISIE (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cytisus striatus (striated broom) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2016); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactyloctenium australe | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Danthonia decumbens (heath grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura innoxia (downy thorn apple) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura stramonium (jimsonweed) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Delairea odorata (Cape ivy) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Delonix regia (flamboyant) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichanthium annulatum (Kleberg's bluestem) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichondra micrantha | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Diplotaxis catholica | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2016); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echium plantagineum (Paterson's curse) | Present, Widespread | | | Couthinho (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eclipta prostrata (eclipta) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleusine indica (goose grass) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Clayton et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleusine tristachya | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleutheranthera ruderalis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia coccinea (scarlet tasselflower) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Silva (2002); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis barrelieri | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis curvula (weeping lovegrass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Quartau et al. (2011); DAISIE (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eriobotrya japonica (loquat) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erodium botrys (long-beaked stork's bill) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erodium cicutarium (common storksbill) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue) | Present | Introduced | | eMonocot (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus carica (common fig) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree) | Present | | | Weber (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus pumila (creeping fig) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fragaria vesca (wild strawberry) | Present | Native | | Darrow (1966) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fumaria capreolata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fumaria sepium | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gaillardia pulchella (Indian blanket) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galactites tomentosa | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gamochaeta pensylvanica | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gastridium phleoides (nit grass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gaudinia fragilis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gladiolus cardinalis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gladiolus italicus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Glyceria declinata (small sweet grass) | Present | Native | | Valdes and Scholz (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gnaphalium calviceps | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Grevillea robusta (silky oak) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gymnostyles stolonifera | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hakea sericea (silky hakea) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Silva (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedera helix (ivy) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedychium gardnerianum (kahili ginger) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Cronk and Fuller (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helianthus annuus (sunflower) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helichrysum foetidum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helichrysum petiolare (strawflower) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helminthotheca echioides (bristly oxtongue) | Present | Native | | Greuter (2006); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hirschfeldia incana (shortpod mustard) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Holcus lanatus (common velvet grass) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hylocereus undatus (dragon fruit) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hypochaeris radicata (cat's ear) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens balsamina (garden balsam) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2018); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens walleriana (busy lizzy) | Present | Introduced | | GRIIS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea ochracea (fence morning-glory) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea purpurea (tall morning glory) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea quamoclit (cypress vine) | Present | Introduced | | Staples (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Iris foetidissima | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Iris xiphium | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Isatis tinctoria (dyer's woad) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Marhold (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus effusus (common rush) | Present | Native | | Kirschner (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus hybridus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus pygmaeus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus tenuis (slender rush) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe daigremontiana (devil's backbone) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe delagoensis (chandelier plant) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lagerstroemia indica (Indian crape myrtle) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lamium amplexicaule (henbit deadnettle) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lamium galeobdolon (yellow archangel) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lantana camara (lantana) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2013); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lapeirousia laxa | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lathyrus ochrus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lavandula dentata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lavandula viridis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium bonariense | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium didymum (lesser swine-cress) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium ruderale | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptospermum scoparium (manuka) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2007); DAISIE (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucanthemum vulgare (oxeye daisy) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum sinense (Chinese privet) | Present | Introduced | | Weber (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lobelia laxiflora | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2004); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lotus conimbricensis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lotus ornithopodioides | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lupinus angustifolius (narrow-leaf lupin) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mangifera indica (mango) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Marrubium vulgare (horehound) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago lupulina (black medick) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago polymorpha (bur clover) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melilotus albus (honey clover) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Clayton et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mentha pulegium (pennyroyal) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (crystalline iceplant) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Modiola caroliniana (Carolina bristlemallow) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morella faya (firetree) | Present, Widespread | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Muehlenbeckia sagittifolia | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murdannia nudiflora (doveweed) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nassella trichotoma (serrated tussock grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicandra physalodes (apple of Peru) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013); DAISIE (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ochna serrulata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera biennis (common evening primrose) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera longiflora | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera stricta | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera tetraptera | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Olea europaea subsp. europaea (European olive) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia tuna | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oxalis exilis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oxalis latifolia (sorrel) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalidium geminatum (Egyptian paspalidium) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum dilatatum (dallisgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum distichum (knotgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Weber (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum virgatum (sword grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora caerulea (blue passionflower) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora edulis (passionfruit) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora subpeltata (white passionflower) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pelargonium glutinosum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pelargonium inquinans | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pelargonium vitifolium | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum macrourum (African feather grass) | Present | | | Weber (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum villosum (longstyle feather grass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phalaris aquatica (bulbous canarygrass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phalaris paradoxa (awned canary-grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus pinaster (maritime pine) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pittosporum undulatum (Australian cheesewood) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago coronopus (Buck's-horn plantain) | Present | | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago loeflingii | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago myosuros | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plectranthus fruticosus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa annua (annual meadowgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa compressa (Canada bluegrass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polycarpon tetraphyllum (fourleaf allseed) | Present | Native | | Euro+Med Plantbase (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum aviculare (prostrate knotweed) | Present | | | Jalas and Suominen (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum lapathifolium (pale persicaria) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Populus alba (silver-leaf poplar) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prunella vulgaris (self-heal) | Present | Native | | WCSP (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium guajava (guava) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Raphanus sativus (radish) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Reinwardtia indica | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Reseda media | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rhododendron ponticum (rhododendron) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ricinus communis (castor bean) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rivina humilis (bloodberry) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosa multiflora (multiflora rose) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2014); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ruellia brevifolia | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex crispus (curled dock) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Russelia equisetiformis (firecracker plant) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rytidosperma tenuius | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salpichroa origanifolia | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salsola kali (common saltwort) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salvia coccinea (scarlet sage) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salvia leucantha (Mexican bush sage) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sambucus nigra (elder) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schefflera actinophylla (umbrella tree) | Present | Introduced | | Vieira Silva (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sechium edule (chayote) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sedum praealtum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senecio glastifolius (holly-leaved senecio) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Jardim and Sequeira (2008); Hansen and Sunding (1993); Silva (2002); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senecio vulgaris | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna bicapsularis (Christmas bush) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna multijuga (November shower) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna septemtrionalis (smooth senna) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria verticillata (bristly foxtail) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silene noctiflora | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silybum marianum (variegated thistle) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sisymbrium irio | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum chenopodioides | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle) | Present | | | Boulos (1976); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus tenerrimus (field sowthistle) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sparaxis fragrans | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spergula arvensis (corn spurry) | Present | | | Ratter and Akeroyd (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus africanus (rat’s tail grass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachys arvensis (staggerweed) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stenotaphrum secundatum (buffalo grass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stictocardia tiliifolia (spottedheart) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Syzygium jambos (rose apple) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | Turland (1994); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tagetes erecta (Mexican marigold) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarix gallica (French tamarisk) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tanacetum vulgare (tansy) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Tutin et al. (1976) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tecoma capensis (Cape honeysuckle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2016); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thlaspi arvense (field pennycress) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thunbergia alata (black eyed Susan) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thunbergia grandiflora (Bengal trumpet) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Vieria Silva (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tinantia erecta | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trachelium caeruleum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trachelospermum jasminoides (star-jasmine) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia fluminensis (wandering Jew) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia pallida (purple queen) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia zebrina (wandering jew) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trifolium isthmocarpum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ulex europaeus (gorse) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | ILDIS (2007); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa mutica (para grass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbascum densiflorum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbascum pulverulentum | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbascum thapsus (common mullein) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbena bonariensis (clusterflower vervain) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbena rigida (stiff verbena) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Sequeira et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vulpia bromoides (squirreltail fescue) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vulpia geniculata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vulpia myuros (annual fescue) | Present, Localized | Native | | Press and Short (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Watsonia borbonica (cape bugle lily) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Watsonia meriana (bulbil bugle lily) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Wigandia urens | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Streptophyta | Campylopus introflexus | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | | Nieuwkoop and Arts (1995) |
Virus | | | Avipoxvirus | Present, Localized | | | Illera et al. (2008) |
Virus | | | Banana streak disease | Present | Native | Invasive | Diekmann and Putter (1996) |
Virus | | | Sugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |