Invasive Species Compendium

Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide

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Madeira

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Madeira

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List of Species

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The table lists the species recorded in the Compendium for this region(from the full species datasheets). It includes species that are invasive in this region, those for which there is no data on invasive status, and also species that are not invasive in the region but are reported as invasive elsewhere. This summary table is based on all the information available.When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the distribution record. For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Domain Kingdom Phylum Species Distribution Origin Invasive References
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight)PresentCABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas axonopodis pv. vasculorum (sugarcane gumming disease)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPlasmopara viticola (grapevine downy mildew)PresentUK, CAB International (1988)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaCryphonectria parasitica (blight of chestnut)PresentCABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana)Present, LocalizedCABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaHeterobasidion annosumPresentKorhonen (1978)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaHeterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Heterobasidion root rot)PresentKorhonen (1978)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia buxiPresent, Few occurrencesGjærum and Sunding (1986); Gjaerum (1982); BPI (US National Fungus Collections) (2009); Camacho et al. (2018)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaAnnelidaLumbricus terrestrisPresentIntroducedInvasiveGates (1972)
EukaryotaMetazoaAnnelidaPileolaria berkeleyanaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaAnnelidaSpirorbis marioniPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAculops lycopersici (tomato russet mite)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurodicus dispersus (whitefly)PresentIntroducedInvasiveEPPO (2022); NHM (undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAonidiella aurantii (red scale)PresentCABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAphis gossypii (cotton aphid)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); UK, CAB International (1968)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid)PresentIntroducedInvasiveSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAspidiotus destructor (coconut scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1966)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAtheta mucronataPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBombus terrestris (bumble bee)PresentIntroducedWidmer et al. (1998)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBrevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite)PresentCABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBuchananiella continuaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCacoecimorpha pronubana (carnation tortrix)PresentCABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCardiocondyla emeryiPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCardiocondyla mauritanicaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCeratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly)PresentIntroducedInvasiveFimiani (1989); Gasperi et al. (2002); CABI and EPPO (2015); Karsten et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysodeixis chalcites (golden twin-spot moth)PresentNativeUK, CAB International (1977)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1988); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1969); Carvalho and Aguiar (1997); Danzig and Pellizzari (1998)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCirrospilus ingenuusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCoccinella septempunctata (seven-spot ladybird)Presentde Jong et al. (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCrenidorsum aroidephagusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCrocidosema plebejana (cotton tipworm)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveCHHOTANI (1970); Nobre and Nunes (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCtenarytaina eucalypti (blue gum psyllid)PresentIntroducedInvasiveBurckhardt (1998); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDiaspidiotus perniciosus (San José scale)PresentKosztarab and Kozár (1988); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDiuraphis noxia (Russian wheat aphid)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDrosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila)PresentCABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDuponchelia fovealis (Southern European marshland pyralid)PresentAguiar and Karsholt (2006); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug)PresentUK, CAB International (1972); Graham (1983)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaEriosoma lanigerum (woolly aphid)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaEssigella californica (Monterey pine aphid)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFerraria crispa (Black flag)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaForficula auricularia (European earwig)PresentSteinmann (1993)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFrankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips)Present, WidespreadEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGynaikothrips ficorum (Cuban laurel thrips)PresentUK, CAB International (1983); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHelicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm)PresentUK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1976)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale (USA))PresentNHM (undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHylurgus ligniperda (red-haired pine bark beetle)PresentNativeSchedl (1959); CABI and EPPO (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHypoponera punctatissimaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaIcerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUK, CAB International (1971); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaIdiopterus nephrelepidisPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaInsignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia)PresentUK, CAB International (1957)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLeptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLeucoptera malifoliella (pear leaf blister moth)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLinepithema humile (Argentine ant)PresentIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiposcelis decolorPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMacrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); UK, CAB International (1984)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMonomorium pharaonis (pharaoh ant)PresentIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMythimna unipuncta (rice armyworm)PresentIntroducedUK, CAB International (1967)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMyzus hemerocallisPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMyzus persicae (green peach aphid)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Nieto Nafria et al. (1977)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNezara viridula (green stink bug)PresentUK, CAB International (1970)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNipaecoccus nipae (spiked mealybug)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaOceanaspidiotus spinosusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaOpogona omoscopaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaOpogona sacchari (banana moth)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDurrant (1925); CABI and EPPO (1999); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaOrthotomicus erosus (Mediterranean pine beetle)PresentNativeInvasiveWood and Bright (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaOtiorhynchus sulcatus (vine weevil)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPalaemon elegans (rock shrimp)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParaleyrodes bondariPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Martin (1996); NHM (1997)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParaleyrodes citricolusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParaleyrodes mineiPresentCABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParatrechina longicornis (crazy ant)PresentInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParthenolecanium persicae (peach scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1979); Vieira et al. (1983)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPheidole megacephala (big-headed ant)PresentIntroducedWetterer et al. (2007); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhenacoccus peruvianusPresentEPPO (2022); Franco et al. (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhoracantha semipunctata (eucalyptus longhorned borer)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth)PresentCABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); UK, CAB International (1986); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPieris brassicae (large cabbage white)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPieris rapae (cabbage white butterfly)PresentUK, CAB International (1952)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPissodes castaneus (small banded pine weevil)PresentNativeCAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPlanococcus citri (citrus mealybug)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPlesiothrips perplexusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPraeacedes atomosellaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPrays citri (citrus flower moth)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Carvalho and Franquinho Aguiar (1997); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPrenolepis jaegerskioeldiPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudacysta perseaePresent, Few occurrencesEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudococcus viburni (obscure mealybug)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Gimpel and Miller (1996); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPsylliodes chrysocephala (cabbage stem flea beetle)PresentBonnemaison and Jourdheuil (1954)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhyacionia buoliana (European pine shoot moth)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhynchophorus ferrugineus (red palm weevil)Present, LocalizedCABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSaissetia oleae (olive scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1952); Ben-Dov (1993)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSirex noctilio (woodwasp)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSophonia orientalis (two-spotted leafhopper)PresentIntroducedAguin-Pombo et al. (2007)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSpodoptera littoralis (cotton leafworm)PresentUK, CAB International (1967); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSteatoda nobilis (false widow spider)PresentSnazell and Jones (1993); Kulczycki et al. (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaStrumigenys membraniferaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaStrumigenys silvestriiPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTachinaephagus zealandicusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTechnomyrmex albipes (white-footed ant)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTipula paludosa (European crane fly)PresentOosterbroek and Theowald (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTomicus piniperda (common pine shoot beetle)PresentBalachowsky (1949)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaToxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid)Present, WidespreadCABI and EPPO (1998); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTrialeurodes vaporariorum (whitefly, greenhouse)PresentByrne et al. (1990); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTuberculatus kuricolaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaVespula germanica (German wasp)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveSaunders (1903); Blüthgen (1940); Erlandsson (1978); Smit (2000)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaViteus vitifoliae (grapevine phylloxera)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaWahlgreniella arbutiPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXyleborinus saxesenii (fruit-tree pinhole borer)PresentNativeWood and Bright (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUK, CAB International (1973); Wood and Bright (1992); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCapra hircus (goats)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataClavelina lepadiformis (light bulb tunicate)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataColumba livia (pigeons)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataFelis catus (cat)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMicrocosmus squamigerPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2011); Froese and Pauly (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOvis aries (sheep)PresentInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPelophylax pereziPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPetromyzon marinus (sea lamprey)PresentNativeRibeiro et al. (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRachycentron canadum (cobia)PresentNativeIUCN (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataTyto alba (Barn owl)PresentNativeBruce (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaCnidariaMacrorhynchia philippinaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaCornu aspersum (common garden snail)PresentTaylor (1914)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaDeroceras invadens (tramp slug)PresentIntroducedInvasiveRähle (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaDeroceras laeve (meadow slug)PresentNativeFauna Europea (2015)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaLimax maximus (leopard slug)Present, WidespreadIntroducedWollaston (1878); Seddon (2008)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMagallana gigas (Pacific oyster)PresentIntroducedKaufmann et al. (1994); Andrade (1995)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaOxychilus alliarius (garlic snail)PresentIntroducedSeddon (2008); Cunha et al. (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaTheba pisana (white garden snail)PresentGermain (1908); Gittenberger and Ripken (1987); Cowie (1990); Cameron and Cook (2001); Cameron et al. (2006); Bank (2007); Cameron et al. (2007); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaAphelenchoides fragariae (strawberry crimp nematode)PresentSturhan (1973); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaAphelenchoides ritzemabosi (Chrysanthemum foliar eelworm)Present, WidespreadSturhan (1973); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaBursaphelenchus xylophilus (pine wilt nematode)Present, LocalizedCABI and EPPO (2015); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaDitylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera pallida (white potato cyst nematode)PresentIntroducedCABI/EPPO (2011); Borges et al. (2008); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode)PresentCunha et al. (2004); Anon (2009); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaHelicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne chitwoodi (columbia root-knot nematode)Present, Few occurrencesCABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaPratylenchus goodeyi (banana lesion nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (2000)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaRadopholus similis (burrowing nematode)Absent, EradicatedCABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaXiphinema diversicaudatum (dagger nematode)Present, LocalizedBravo and Lemos (1997); CABI and EPPO (2001); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeChlorophytaCaulerpa racemosa var. cylindraceaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAdiantum hispidulum (rosy maidenhair fern)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAdiantum raddianum (delta maidenhair fern)Present, WidespreadIntroducedUK, Natural History Museum (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaCyrtomium falcatum (Japanese holly fern)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Press et al. (1986)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaDeparia petersenii subsp. petersenii (Petersen’s lady fern)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveRobinson et al. (2010); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaDoodia caudataPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteridium aquilinum (bracken)Present, WidespreadNativeTutin and et al. (1964)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern)PresentIntroducedEuro+Med (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeRhodophytaGrateloupia turuturuPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeRhodophytaHypnea musciformisPresentNativeNeto et al. (2001); John et al. (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeRhodophytaPolysiphonia brodieiPresentNativeJohn et al. (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbutilon grandifolium (hairy Indian mallow)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia farnesiana (huisache)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia longifolia (golden wattle)PresentIntroducedEFSA Panel on Plant Health (2015); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia mearnsii (black wattle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia verticillataPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcer platanoides (Norway maple)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcer pseudoplatanus (sycamore)Present, PlantedIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAchillea millefolium (yarrow)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgave americana (century plant)PresentIntroducedInvasiveSilva et al. (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratina adenophora (Croftonweed)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratum conyzoides (billy goat weed)PresentIntroducedPROTA (2016); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2016); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAilanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAizoon hispanicumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAllamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAllium vineale (crow garlic)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAloe vera (true aloe)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2017); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlstroemeria pulchellaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus deflexus (Perennial Pigweed)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus hybridus (smooth pigweed)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus muricatusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus palmeri (Palmer amaranth)PresentEPPO (2022); Euro+Med (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2015); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaryllis belladonnaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmbrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed)PresentIntroducedAllard (1943); Euro+Med (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnacyclus radiatusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAndryala integrifoliaPresentIntroducedFerreira et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnethum graveolens (dill)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona cherimola (cherimoya)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnredera cordifolia (Madeira vine)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnthemis cotula (dog fennel)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnthoxanthum odoratum (sweet vernal grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnthriscus caucalis (bur chervil)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAntigonon leptopus (coral vine)PresentIntroducedVieria Silva (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaApium leptophyllumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArctotis venustaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArgemone mexicana (Mexican poppy)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArgemone ochroleuca (pale Mexican pricklypoppy)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArrhenatherum elatius (false oat-grass)PresentNativeeMonocot (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArtemisia verlotiorumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArundo donax (giant reed)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsclepias curassavica (bloodflower)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsparagus asparagoides (bridal creeper)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsparagus setaceus (asparagus fern)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBidens pilosa (blackjack)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrachypodium distachyon (purple false brome)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrachypodium sylvaticum (slender false brome)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica nigra (black mustard)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBreynia disticha (snowbush)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus diandrus (great brome)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus hordeaceus (soft brome)PresentNativeeMonocot (2013); USDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus madritensis (compact brome)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus rigidus (ripgut brome)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); GBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalceolaria tripartitaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCampanula lusitanicaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanna indica (canna lilly)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine)PresentEPPO (2022); DAISIE (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCarduus pycnocephalus (Italian thistle)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCarpobrotus edulis (hottentot fig)PresentIntroducedWeber (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina cunninghamiana (Australian beefwood)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina equisetifolia (casuarina)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); GBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentaurea dilutaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentaurea sonchifoliaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentaurea sphaerocephalaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentratherum punctatum (lark daisy)PresentIntroducedFlann (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChamaemelum mixtumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChamaesyce nutansPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChamaesyce prostrataPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChasmanthe aethiopicaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris gayana (Rhodes grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020); Seebens et al. (2017); Clayton et al. (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris virgata (feather finger grass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCinnamomum verum (cinnamon)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCirsium vulgare (spear thistle)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCoix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)Borges et al. (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaColeostephus myconisPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaColocasia esculenta (taro)PresentIntroducedVieria Silva (2002); DAISIE (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCommelina benghalensis (wandering jew)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCommelina diffusa (spreading dayflower)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConium maculatum (poison hemlock)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConvolvulus arvensis (bindweed)PresentStace (1972)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCoronilla valentinaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCorrigiola litoralisPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCortaderia selloana (pampas grass)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedSilva (2002); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCotoneaster pannosus (silverleaf cotoneaster)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrepis capillaris (smooth hawksbeard)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrocosmia x crocosmiiflora (montbretia)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2016); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean cypress)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynara cardunculus (cardoon)PresentNativeGBIF (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus alternifolius (Umbrella flatsedge)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus eragrostis (Tall flatsedge)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge)PresentGovaerts (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCytisus scoparius (Scotch broom)Present, PlantedIntroducedHeywood and Ball (1968); DAISIE (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCytisus striatus (striated broom)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDactylis glomerata (cocksfoot)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2016); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDactyloctenium australePresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDanthonia decumbens (heath grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura innoxia (downy thorn apple)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura stramonium (jimsonweed)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDelairea odorata (Cape ivy)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDelonix regia (flamboyant)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDichanthium annulatum (Kleberg's bluestem)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDichondra micranthaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDiplotaxis catholicaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2016); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa colona (junglerice)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchium plantagineum (Paterson's curse)Present, WidespreadCouthinho (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEclipta prostrata (eclipta)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEleusine indica (goose grass)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedClayton et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEleusine tristachyaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEleutheranthera ruderalisPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia coccinea (scarlet tasselflower)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedSilva (2002); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis barrelieriPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis curvula (weeping lovegrass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane)PresentIntroducedInvasiveQuartau et al. (2011); DAISIE (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEriobotrya japonica (loquat)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErodium botrys (long-beaked stork's bill)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErodium cicutarium (common storksbill)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFestuca arundinacea (tall fescue)PresentIntroducedeMonocot (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus carica (common fig)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree)PresentWeber (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus pumila (creeping fig)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFoeniculum vulgare (fennel)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFragaria vesca (wild strawberry)PresentNativeDarrow (1966)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFumaria capreolataPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFumaria sepiumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGaillardia pulchella (Indian blanket)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalactites tomentosaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGamochaeta pensylvanicaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGastridium phleoides (nit grass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGaudinia fragilisPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGladiolus cardinalisPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGladiolus italicusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGlyceria declinata (small sweet grass)PresentNativeValdes and Scholz (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGnaphalium calvicepsPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGrevillea robusta (silky oak)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGymnostyles stoloniferaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHakea sericea (silky hakea)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Silva (2002); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHedera helix (ivy)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHedychium gardnerianum (kahili ginger)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveCronk and Fuller (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelianthus annuus (sunflower)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelichrysum foetidumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelichrysum petiolare (strawflower)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelminthotheca echioides (bristly oxtongue)PresentNativeGreuter (2006); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHirschfeldia incana (shortpod mustard)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHolcus lanatus (common velvet grass)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2013); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHylocereus undatus (dragon fruit)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHypericum perforatum (St John's wort)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHypochaeris radicata (cat's ear)PresentNativeUSDA-NRCS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaImpatiens balsamina (garden balsam)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2018); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaImpatiens walleriana (busy lizzy)PresentIntroducedGRIIS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea ochracea (fence morning-glory)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea purpurea (tall morning glory)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea quamoclit (cypress vine)PresentIntroducedStaples (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIris foetidissimaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIris xiphiumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIsatis tinctoria (dyer's woad)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Marhold (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus effusus (common rush)PresentNativeKirschner (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus hybridusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus pygmaeusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus tenuis (slender rush)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKalanchoe daigremontiana (devil's backbone)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKalanchoe delagoensis (chandelier plant)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLagerstroemia indica (Indian crape myrtle)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLamium amplexicaule (henbit deadnettle)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLamium galeobdolon (yellow archangel)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLantana camara (lantana)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2013); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLapeirousia laxaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLathyrus ochrusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLavandula dentataPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLavandula viridisPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium bonariensePresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium didymum (lesser swine-cress)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium ruderalePresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeptospermum scoparium (manuka)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucaena leucocephala (leucaena)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2007); DAISIE (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucanthemum vulgare (oxeye daisy)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLigustrum sinense (Chinese privet)PresentIntroducedWeber (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLobelia laxifloraPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2004); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2014); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLotus conimbricensisPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLotus ornithopodioidesPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLupinus angustifolius (narrow-leaf lupin)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMangifera indica (mango)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMarrubium vulgare (horehound)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMedicago lupulina (black medick)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMedicago polymorpha (bur clover)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMegathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelilotus albus (honey clover)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelinis minutiflora (molasses grass)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedClayton et al. (2014); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMentha pulegium (pennyroyal)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMesembryanthemum crystallinum (crystalline iceplant)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaModiola caroliniana (Carolina bristlemallow)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMorella faya (firetree)Present, WidespreadNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMuehlenbeckia sagittifoliaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMurdannia nudiflora (doveweed)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNassella trichotoma (serrated tussock grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicandra physalodes (apple of Peru)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicotiana glauca (tree tobacco)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013); DAISIE (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOchna serrulataPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOenothera biennis (common evening primrose)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOenothera longifloraPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOenothera strictaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOenothera tetrapteraPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOlea europaea subsp. europaea (European olive)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia tunaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOxalis exilisPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOxalis latifolia (sorrel)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalidium geminatum (Egyptian paspalidium)PresentNativeRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum dilatatum (dallisgrass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum distichum (knotgrass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Weber (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum virgatum (sword grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora caerulea (blue passionflower)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora edulis (passionfruit)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora subpeltata (white passionflower)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPelargonium glutinosumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPelargonium inquinansPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPelargonium vitifoliumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum macrourum (African feather grass)PresentWeber (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum purpureum (elephant grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum villosum (longstyle feather grass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhalaris aquatica (bulbous canarygrass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhalaris paradoxa (awned canary-grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhysalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus pinaster (maritime pine)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPittosporum undulatum (Australian cheesewood)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlantago coronopus (Buck's-horn plantain)PresentUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlantago loeflingiiPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlantago myosurosPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlectranthus fruticosusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPoa annua (annual meadowgrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPoa compressa (Canada bluegrass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolycarpon tetraphyllum (fourleaf allseed)PresentNativeEuro+Med Plantbase (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolygonum aviculare (prostrate knotweed)PresentJalas and Suominen (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolygonum lapathifolium (pale persicaria)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPopulus alba (silver-leaf poplar)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPrunella vulgaris (self-heal)PresentNativeWCSP (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPsidium guajava (guava)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2013); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRaphanus sativus (radish)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaReinwardtia indicaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaReseda mediaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRhododendron ponticum (rhododendron)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRicinus communis (castor bean)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRivina humilis (bloodberry)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRobinia pseudoacacia (black locust)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRosa multiflora (multiflora rose)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRosmarinus officinalis (rosemary)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRuellia brevifoliaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex crispus (curled dock)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRusselia equisetiformis (firecracker plant)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRytidosperma tenuiusPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalpichroa origanifoliaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalsola kali (common saltwort)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia coccinea (scarlet sage)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia leucantha (Mexican bush sage)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSambucus nigra (elder)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchefflera actinophylla (umbrella tree)PresentIntroducedVieira Silva (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSechium edule (chayote)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSedum praealtumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenecio glastifolius (holly-leaved senecio)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedJardim and Sequeira (2008); Hansen and Sunding (1993); Silva (2002); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenecio vulgarisPresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna bicapsularis (Christmas bush)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna multijuga (November shower)PresentIntroducedDAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna septemtrionalis (smooth senna)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria verticillata (bristly foxtail)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSilene noctifloraPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSilybum marianum (variegated thistle)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSisymbrium irioPresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum chenopodioidesPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle)PresentBoulos (1976); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSonchus tenerrimus (field sowthistle)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSparaxis fragransPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpergula arvensis (corn spurry)PresentRatter and Akeroyd (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus africanus (rat’s tail grass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStachys arvensis (staggerweed)PresentNativeGovaerts (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStenotaphrum secundatum (buffalo grass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStictocardia tiliifolia (spottedheart)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSyzygium jambos (rose apple)Present, PlantedIntroducedInvasiveTurland (1994); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTagetes erecta (Mexican marigold)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTamarix gallica (French tamarisk)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTanacetum vulgare (tansy)Present, WidespreadNativeTutin et al. (1976)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTecoma capensis (Cape honeysuckle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2016); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThlaspi arvense (field pennycress)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia alata (black eyed Susan)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia grandiflora (Bengal trumpet)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVieria Silva (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTinantia erectaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTrachelium caeruleumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTrachelospermum jasminoides (star-jasmine)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia fluminensis (wandering Jew)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia pallida (purple queen)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia zebrina (wandering jew)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDAISIE (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTrifolium isthmocarpumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUlex europaeus (gorse)Present, PlantedIntroducedInvasiveILDIS (2007); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa mutica (para grass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); DAISIE (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbascum densiflorumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbascum pulverulentumPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbascum thapsus (common mullein)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbena bonariensis (clusterflower vervain)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbena rigida (stiff verbena)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Sequeira et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVulpia bromoides (squirreltail fescue)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVulpia geniculataPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVulpia myuros (annual fescue)Present, LocalizedNativePress and Short (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaWatsonia borbonica (cape bugle lily)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaWatsonia meriana (bulbil bugle lily)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaWigandia urensPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeStreptophytaCampylopus introflexusPresent, Few occurrencesIntroducedNieuwkoop and Arts (1995)
VirusAvipoxvirusPresent, LocalizedIllera et al. (2008)
VirusBanana streak diseasePresentNativeInvasiveDiekmann and Putter (1996)
VirusSugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic)PresentEPPO (2022)
VirusTomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt)PresentEPPO (2022)

List of Species CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Species which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database and selected invasive species databases). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

List of Animal Diseases

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The table lists the animal diseases recorded in the Compendium for this region (from the full disease datasheets). For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Disease Distribution Origin Invasive References
avipoxPresent, LocalizedIllera et al. (2008)
lyme borreliosisPresentMatuschka et al. (1994)
viral erythrocytic necrosisPresentEiras (1984); Eiras et al. (1996)

List of Animal Diseases CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Animal Diseases which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file
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