Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Dermatophilus congolensis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (sugarcane ratoon stunting disease) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis | Present, Serological evidence and/or isolation of the agent | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Mycobacterium bovis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Bacillus anthracis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) type | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | blood disease bacterium (blood disease bacterium of banana) | Present | | | IPPC (2016) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella ovis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella suis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Burkholderia pseudomallei | Present, Serological evidence and/or isolation of the agent | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (citrus greening) | Present | | | Khairulmazmi Ahmad et al. (2008); Khairulmazmi et al. (2008); CABI/EPPO (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | citrus huanglongbing (greening) disease (citrus greening) | Present | | | EPPO (2019); Garnier and Bové (1996) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Coxiella burnetii | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ehrlichia ruminantium | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Francisella tularensis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Zulperi and Sijam (2014) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum race 2 (moko disease) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2021) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella Abortusequi | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella abortusovis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella gallinarum | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella pullorum | Present, Serological evidence and/or isolation of the agent | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Taylorella equigenitalis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (cassava bacterial blight) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas citri (citrus canker) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (bacterial leaf streak of rice) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cambivora (root rot of forest trees) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora colocasiae (taro leaf blight) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Bipolaris victoriae (Victoria blight of oats) | Present | | | Herb IMI (1974) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Colletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2010) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana) | Present | Native | Invasive | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Guignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot) | Absent, Confirmed absent by survey | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka) | Present | Introduced | | Graham (1969); CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella gibsonii (needle blight of pine) | Present, Few occurrences | | | UK, CAB International (1994); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Phomopsis vexans (Phomopsis blight of eggplant) | Present | | | Thompson and Johnston (1953); CABI and EPPO (2008) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Sphaeropsis sapinea (Sphaeropsis blight) | Present | | | Herb IMI (undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Trichoconiella padwickii (stackburn disease) | Present | | | Thompson and Johnston (1953) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Heterobasidion root rot) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phakopsora euvitis (grape rust fungus) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Singh (1980); CABI and EPPO (2007) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phakopsora pachyrhizi (soyabean rust) | Present | | | Thompson and Johnston (1953); Singh (1980); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phellinus noxius (brown tea root disease) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1997) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia kuehnii (orange rust) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2015) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Sporisorium sacchari (Asian sugarcane smut) | Present | | | Zundel (1953); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Clausen and Berry (1932); Mound and Halsey (1978); UK, CAB International (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurodicus destructor (coconut whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurodicus dispersus (whitefly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | EPPO (2022); NHM (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Amphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle) | Present | Introduced | | Jones et al. (2000) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anoplolepis gracilipes (yellow crazy ant) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anoplophora chinensis (black and white citrus longhorn) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2008); Lingafelter and Hoebeke (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidiella aurantii (red scale) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidiella orientalis (oriental yellow scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1978) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale) | Present | Introduced | | Takahashi (1942) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis craccivora (groundnut aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1983) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1968) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1966) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aulacaspis yasumatsui (cycad aulacaspis scale) | Present | | | NHM (undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera carambolae (carambola fruit fly) | Present | | | Drew and Hancock (1994); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fly) | Present | | Invasive | Hardy and Adachi (1954); Clausen et al. (1965); Drew (1982); CABI and EPPO (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera dorsalis (Oriental fruit fly) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Drew and Hancock (1994); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera latifrons (Solanum fruit fly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera tau | Present | | | NHM (undated); Hardy and Adachi (1954) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera umbrosa | Present | | | NHM (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present | | | NHM (1973); CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (MED) (silverleaf whitefly) | Present | | | Mohammad Shadmany et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Brontispa longissima (coconut hispine beetle) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Charybdis hellerii | Present, Widespread | Native | | Wee and Ng (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chilo suppressalis (striped rice stem borer) | Present | Native | Invasive | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1988); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm) | Present | Native | Invasive | Norris and Murray (1964) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm) | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Conopomorpha cramerella (cocoa pod borer) | Present, Widespread | | | UK, CAB International (1984) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coptotermes (termites) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); Wan-Muhammad-Azrul et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coptotermes curvignathus (rubber termite) | Present | Native | | Snyder (1949); Tho and Kirton (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coptotermes gestroi (Asian subterranean termite) | Present | Native | Invasive | Kirton and Brown (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Culex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito) | Present, Widespread | | Invasive | Nazni et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cylas formicarius (sweet potato weevil) | Present | | | Ho (1970); UK, CAB International (1970); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diaphorina citri (Asian citrus psyllid) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dichromothrips corbetti | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1972) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Erionota thrax (banana skipper) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1981); Corbet and Pendlebury (1992); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Erionota torus (banana skipper) | Present, Localized | Native | | Evans (1941) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Euwallacea destruens | Present | Native | | Browne (1961) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Euwallacea perbrevis (tea shot-hole borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Euwallacea piceus | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1966) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gynaikothrips ficorum (Cuban laurel thrips) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1983) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips) | Present, Widespread | | | UK, CAB International (1961); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer) | Present | | | Corbett (1933); Cristancho et al. (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1971) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1957) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza sativae (vegetable leaf miner) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Maconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug) | Present | Native | | Williams (1996); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nezara viridula (green stink bug) | Present, Localized | | | Lim (1970); UK, CAB International (1970); Waterhouse (1993) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nipaecoccus viridis (spherical mealybug) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oryctes rhinoceros (coconut rhinoceros beetle) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Otiorhynchus sulcatus (vine weevil) | Present | | | NHM (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Papilio demoleus (chequered swallowtail) | Present, Widespread | | | Corbet and Pendlebury (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paraleyrodes minei | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phenacoccus manihoti (cassava mealybug) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1986); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pineus pini (pine woolly aphid) | Present | Introduced | | NHM (1943) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) | Present, Widespread | | | Ooi (1986); Syed (1992); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Prays endocarpa (citrus rind borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rastrococcus invadens (fruit tree mealybug) | Present | | | Williams (1986); CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (red palm weevil) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Saissetia oleae (olive scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1952) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Scirtothrips dorsalis (chilli thrips) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitobion miscanthi (indian grain aphid) | Present | | | NHM (1930); CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitotroga cerealella (grain moth) | Present | | | Muda (1985) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Solenopsis geminata (tropical fire ant) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera exempta (black armyworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera litura (taro caterpillar) | Present, Widespread | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sternochetus mangiferae (mango seed weevil) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Corbett (1934); Fauziah Abdullah and Kamarulnizam Shamsulaman (2008); CABI and EPPO (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant) | Present, Widespread | | Invasive | Loke and Lee (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite) | Present | | | International Institute of Entomology (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thrips palmi (melon thrips) | Present | | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trialeurodes ricini (castor bean whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trogoderma granarium (khapra beetle) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Unaspis citri (citrus snow scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1962); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Vespa velutina (Asian hornet) | Present | Native | | Archer (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer) | Present | Native | | Browne (1961) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus similis | Present | Native | | Browne (1961) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus ater | Present | Native | | Kalshoven (1960) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer) | Present | Native | | CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Asian ambrosia beetle) | Present | Native | | Browne (1961); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus discolor | Present | Native | | Browne (1961) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus morigerus (brown twig beetle) | Present | Native | | Browne (1961) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bubalus bubalis (Asian water buffalo) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | | | Cockrill (1977); Borghese (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Callosciurus erythraeus (Pallas's squirrel) | Present | Native | | Corbet and Hill (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Corvus splendens (house crow) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Wells (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Dicrurus macrocercus | Present | Native | | Robson (2000) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Garrulax canorus (Chinese hwamei) | Absent, Formerly present | | | Allen (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Pullin et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Poecilia reticulata (guppy) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Ang and Gopinath (1989) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Pycnonotus jocosus (Red-whiskered bulbul) | Present, Widespread | Native | | BirdLife International (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sus scrofa [ISC] (feral pig) | Present | Native | Invasive | Ickes et al. (2005); Ickes (2001); Ickes et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tyto alba (Barn owl) | Present, Few occurrences | Native | | Wells (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Echinodermata | Acanthaster planci (crown-of-thorns starfish) | Present | | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Achatina fulica (giant African land snail) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Jarrett (1923); Mead (1961); Mead (1979); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Mytilopsis sallei (Caribbean false mussel) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Tan and Morton (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Pomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail) | Present | Introduced | | Naylor (1996); Cowie (2002); Yahaya et al. (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Pomacea maculata | Present | Introduced | | Hayes et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Aphelenchoides besseyi (rice leaf nematode) | Present | | | Rahim (1988); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Ditylenchus angustus (rice stem nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Pratylenchus coffeae (banana root nematode) | Present | | | Abdul Rahman et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); Abdul Rahman et al. (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Trichinella | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Echinococcus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Taenia solium | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Planctomycetes [kingdom] | | Chlamydophila abortus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Chlorophyta | Ulva reticulata (ribbon sea lettuce) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Phang (1998); Ahmad et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Adiantum hispidulum (rosy maidenhair fern) | Present, Localized | Native | | Holttum (1954) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Cyclosorus parasiticus (parasitic maiden fern) | Present, Widespread | Native | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Deparia petersenii subsp. petersenii (Petersen’s lady fern) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | Holttum (1954) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Lygodium microphyllum (old world climbing fern) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Nephrolepis brownii (Asian swordfern) | Present | | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Salvinia molesta (kariba weed) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Acanthophora spicifera | Present | Native | | Taylor (1977) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Eucheuma spp. | Present | Native | | Doty (1980); Ask and Azanza (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Rhodophyta | Gracilaria salicornia | Present | Native | | Phang (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon indicum (country mallow) | Present | Native | | Henderson (1939) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia auriculiformis (northern black wattle) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Yap (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia confusa | Present | Introduced | | PIER (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia crassicarpa (northern wattle) | Present | Introduced | | Awang et al. (1998) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia mangium (brown salwood) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Adenanthera pavonina (red-bead tree) | Present, Planted | Native | | ILDIS (2002); Orwa et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia lebbeck (Indian siris) | Present | Native | | Cook et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia procera (white siris) | Present | Introduced | | Valkenburg (1997); Nielsen (1985); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aleurites moluccanus (candlenut tree) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alocasia macrorrhizos (giant taro) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus blitum (livid amaranth) | Present, Widespread | | | Itoh et al. (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus viridis (slender amaranth) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona reticulata (bullock's heart) | Present | | | Mastoi et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Argyreia nervosa (elephant creeper) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Csurhes (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) | Present | | | Zulperi et al. (2017); Mastoi et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arundo donax (giant reed) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asystasia gangetica (chinese violet) | Present | Native | | Durkee (1986) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Axonopus compressus (carpet grass) | Present, Widespread | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bambusa bambos (giant thorny bamboo) | Present | Introduced | | Duriyaprapan and Jansen (1995); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bambusa vulgaris (common bamboo) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Barringtonia asiatica (sea poison tree) | Present | Native | | Govaerts and Tulig (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Basella alba (malabar spinach) | Present | Native | | WCSP (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bauhinia variegata (mountain ebony) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Boerhavia coccinea (scarlet spiderling) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bothriochloa bladhii (Caucasian bluestem) | Present | | | Clayton et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet) | Present | Introduced | | Kiew (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cabomba caroliniana (Carolina fanwort) | Present | | | Siti-Munirah and Chew (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caesalpinia decapetala (Mysore thorn) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calophyllum inophyllum (Alexandrian laurel) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia fistula (Indian laburnum) | Present | | | Lock and Ford (2004); ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia grandis (pink shower) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia javanica (pink shower) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina equisetifolia (casuarina) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cedrela odorata (Spanish cedar) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ceratophyllum demersum (coontail) | Present, Widespread | | | Mansor (1991); Revilla et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chamaecrista nictitans (sensitive partridge pea) | Present | | | ILDIS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Gautier (1992); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cinnamomum camphora (camphor laurel) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cleome rutidosperma (fringed spiderflower) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Turner (1995); Waterhouse and Mitchell (1998) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clerodendrum indicum (Turk's turban) | Present | | | Wearn and Mabberley (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clerodendrum paniculatum (pagoda flower) | Present | Native | | POWO (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clidemia hirta (Koster's curse) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979); Peters (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cocos nucifera (coconut) | Present | | | Govaerts et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Turner (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Colocasia esculenta (taro) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Colubrina asiatica (latherleaf) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane) | Present | Introduced | | Itoh et al. (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Corymbia citriodora (lemon-scented gum) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria retusa (rattleweed) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuphea carthagenensis (Colombian waxweed) | Present | Introduced | | Kiew (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979); Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014); Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus iria (rice flatsedge) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus meyenianus (Meyen's flatsedge) | Present | | | Simpson (1989) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Delonix regia (flamboyant) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dendrocalamus strictus (male bamboo) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichanthium caricosum (nadi blue grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dieffenbachia seguine (dumb cane) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Nor Rasidah Hashim et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2014); Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ischaemum | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dioscorea alata (white yam) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dioscorea bulbifera (air potato) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Waterhouse (1993); Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) | Present | | | Hamed et al. (1988); Ito et al. (1992); Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eclipta prostrata (eclipta) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Gopal (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleusine indica (goose grass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Naturalized | Holm et al. (1979); Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites valerianifolius (tropical burnweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Belcher (1956) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany) | Present | Introduced | | Orwa et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry) | Present | Introduced | | Rifai (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia hirta (garden spurge) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia tirucalli (Indian-tree spurge) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Falcataria moluccana (batai wood) | Present, Planted | Native | | ILDIS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus benghalensis (banyan) | Present | Native | | Rojo et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus benjamina (weeping fig) | Present, Planted | Native | | Hanelt et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus elastica (rubber plant) | Present | Native | | Pelser et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flemingia macrophylla (large leaf flemingia) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flemingia strobilifera (wild hops) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gliricidia sepium (gliricidia) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gmelina arborea (candahar) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2016); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hevea brasiliensis (rubber) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (China-rose) | Present | | | Mastoi et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hibiscus tiliaceus (coast cottonwood) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis suaveolens (pignut) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens balsamina (garden balsam) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of Pakistan (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Imperata cylindrica (cogon grass) | Present | Native | | Itoh (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera tinctoria (true indigo) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea aquatica (swamp morning-glory) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea quamoclit (cypress vine) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Malaysia Biodiversity Information System (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea triloba (three-lobe morning glory) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ischaemum rugosum (saramollagrass) | Present | | | Yong and Goh (1977); Azmi (1988); Hakim et al. (2013); Clayton et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ischaemum timorense (centipede grass) | Present | | | Gilliland et al. (1971) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jatropha curcas (jatropha) | Present | | | Mastoi et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kyllinga polyphylla (navua sedge) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna perpusilla (duckweed) | Present | | | Moody (1989) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa chinensis (Chinese sprangletop) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lespedeza cuneata (sericea lespedeza) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena diversifolia | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Limnocharis flava (yellow bur-head) | Present, Localized | | | Anwar and Azmi (1988); Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lindernia crustacea (Malaysian false pimpernel) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose) | Present | | | Raven (1963); Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia octovalvis (primrose willow) | Present | | | Raven (1963) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Maesopsis eminii (umbrella tree) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Malvaviscus arboreus (wax mallow) | Present | Introduced | | Lim (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mangifera indica (mango) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | IUCN (2013); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Manilkara zapota (sapodilla) | Present, Planted | | | Mastoi et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melia azedarach (Chinaberry) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis repens (natal redtop) | Present, Localized | | | Palaniappan (1974) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia peltata | Present | | | Ooststroom and Hoogland (1953) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia umbellata (hogvine) | Present | | | Ooststroom and Hoogland (1953) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mikania micrantha (bitter vine) | Present | | | Lim et al. (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa diplotricha (giant sensitive plant) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Wong (1975); Baki and Prakash (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Lonsdale et al. (1989) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Lee Soo Ann (1976); Holm et al. (1977); Baki and Prakash (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Monochoria hastata (hastate-leaved pondweed) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Monochoria vaginalis (pickerel weed) | Present | | | Burkill (1935); Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Moorochloa eruciformis (sweet signal grass) | Present | Native | | Veldkamp (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morinda citrifolia (Indian mulberry) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Moringa oleifera (horse radish tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | PROTA (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murdannia nudiflora (doveweed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1977); Waterhouse (1993); Baki et al. (1997); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Neyraudia reynaudiana (burma reed) | Present | Native | | Turner (1995); Hooker (1897); Chin (1983) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ocimum tenuiflorum (holy basil) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oryza rufipogon (wild rice) | Present | | | Chang (1975) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paederia foetida (skunkvine) | Present | Native | | Puff (1991); Wong and Tan (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed) | Present | | | Maszura et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2018); Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum scrobiculatum (ricegrass paspalum) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Peltophorum pterocarpum (copperpod) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Clayton et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllanthus urinaria (leafflower) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Ridley (1924); Burkill (1935); Burkill (1935); Moody (1989); Baki et al. (1997); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus caribaea (Caribbean pine) | Present | Introduced | | FAO (2001); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus oocarpa (ocote pine) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Piper aduncum (spiked pepper) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Hartemink (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa annua (annual meadowgrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium cattleianum (strawberry guava) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium guajava (guava) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2013); Mastoi et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pterocarpus indicus (red sandalwood) | Present | Native | | Barstow (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pueraria montana var. lobata (kudzu) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ricinus communis (castor bean) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sacciolepis indica (glen woodgrass) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Samanea saman (rain tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schoenoplectus mucronatus (ricefield bulrush) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna alata (candle bush) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna hirsuta (hairy senna) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna multijuga (November shower) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna septemtrionalis (smooth senna) | Present | Introduced | | Irwin and Barneby (1982); ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna siamea (yellow cassia) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania grandiflora (sesbania) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum mammosum (nipplefruit nightshade) | Present | | | Lim (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sphenoclea zeylanica (wedgewort) | Present | | | Hakim et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sterculia foetida (Java olive) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Syngonium podophyllum (arrowhead vine) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Syzygium cumini (black plum) | Present | Introduced | | Morton (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarindus indica (tamarind) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tectona grandis (teak) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tephrosia candida (white tephrosia) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tephrosia vogelii (Vogel's tephrosia) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Terminalia catappa (Singapore almond) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Themeda arguens (Christmas grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tibouchina urvilleana (princessflower) | Present | Introduced | | Faravani and Bakar (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Toona ciliata (toon) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Toona sinensis (Chinese Toona) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Toxicodendron succedaneum (wax tree) | Present | Native | | Aggarwal (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triphasia trifolia (limeberry) | Present | Native | | PIER (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vigna marina (beach bean) | Present | | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xyris complanata (yellow-eyed grass) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Zingiber montanum (cassumunar ginger) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Zingiber officinale (ginger) | Present | | | Ng et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Alexandrium minutum | Present, Localized | | | Usup et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Toxoplasma gondii | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Tritrichomonas foetus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Trypanosoma equiperdum | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | African horse sickness virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | African swine fever virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Arterivirus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | avian infectious bronchitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Avipoxvirus | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Banana bunchy top virus (bunchy top of banana) | Absent, Formerly present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | bluetongue virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | bovine herpesvirus 1 | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | bovine leukemia virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | bovine viral diarrhea virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | caprine arthritis encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Cowpea mild mottle virus (angular mosaic of beans) | Present, Localized | | | Iwaki (1986); Iwaki et al. (1986) |
Virus | | | duck hepatitis A virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | East Asian Passiflora virus | Present | | | Norzihan Abdullah et al. (2009) |
Virus | | | equine arteritis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | equine infectious anaemia virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | equine influenzavirus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | foot-and-mouth disease virus | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | fowlpox virus | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Gallid herpesvirus 2 | Present, Serological evidence and/or isolation of the agent | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | infectious bursal disease virus | Present, Serological evidence and/or isolation of the agent | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | influenza A virus | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Japanese encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | lumpy skin disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | myxoma virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Nairobi sheep disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Newcastle disease virus | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Papaya ringspot virus | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Virus | | | peste des petits ruminants virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Rift Valley fever virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | rinderpest virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | spring viraemia of carp virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Sugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | swine vesicular disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1978); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | vesicular stomatitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | visna/maedi virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |