Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Clavibacter michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2009) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Candidatus Phytoplasma phoenicium | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | Serena et al. (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Candidatus Phytoplasma solani (Stolbur phytoplasma) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (zebra chip) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Erwinia amylovora (fireblight) | Present, Few occurrences | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas fragariae (angular leaf spot) | Present | | | Bradbury (1986); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xylophilus ampelinus (bacterial blight of grapevine) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); Grasso et al. (1979); Burruano and Granata (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight) | Present | | | Andrivon et al. (1994) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora medicaginis (Phytophthora root rot of lucerne) | Present | | | Cacciola et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ceratocystis platani (canker stain of plane) | Present, Few occurrences | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Colletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry) | Present | | | Polizzi et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Cryphonectria parasitica (blight of chestnut) | Present | | | Pennisi et al. (2005); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Diaporthe eres (apple leaf, branch and fruit fungus) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Diplodia seriata (grapevine trunk disease) | Present | | | Mondello et al. (2013); Giambra et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Elsinoë australis (citrus scab) | Absent, Formerly present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Erysiphe platani | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Guignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot) | Absent, Confirmed absent by survey | | | EPPO (2022); Guarnaccia et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Monilinia fructigena (brown rot) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ophiostoma ulmi (Dutch elm disease) | Present | | | Mitchell and Brasier (1994) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Phoma tracheiphila (mal secco) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Grasso and Rosa (1983); CABI and EPPO (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Acizzia hollisi | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Acrolepiopsis assectella (leek moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aculops lycopersici (tomato russet mite) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Adelges piceae (balsam woolly adelgid) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aethina tumida | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Agrotis ipsilon (black cutworm) | Present | | | Karsholt and Razowski (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Rapisarda and Longo (2021); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Amblyomma variegatum (tropical bont tick) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastatus tenuipes | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidiella aurantii (red scale) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Davino et al. (2004); Riolo et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1969); Riolo et al. (2011); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis spiraephaga | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Apis mellifera | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera oleae (olive fruit fly) | Present | | | Caleca et al. (2006); Nardi et al. (2006); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bagrada hilaris (painted bug) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | CABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present | | | NHM (1981); CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); Simón et al. (2003); Demichelis et al. (2005); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (MEAM1) (silverleaf whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Simón et al. (2003); Bosco et al. (2004); Simón et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (MED) (silverleaf whitefly) | Present | | | Simón et al. (2007); Simón et al. (2003); Bosco et al. (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Brevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); Di Martino (1960); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cacoecimorpha pronubana (carnation tortrix) | Present | | | Nucifora and Calabretta (1986); Inserra et al. (1987); Siscaro et al. (1988); Karsholt and Razowski (1996); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cacyreus marshalli (pelargonium butterfly) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Callinectes sapidus (blue crab) | Present | Introduced | | Jensen (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Callosobruchus chinensis (Chinese bruchid) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Carpophilus fumatus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Carpophilus nepos | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Carpophilus pilosellus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Carpophilus zeaphilus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysodeixis chalcites (golden twin-spot moth) | Present | | | Garzia and Siscaro (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1969); Longo et al. (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cinara laportei | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Corythucha ciliata (sycamore lace bug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Mazzon and Girolami (2000); CABI and EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cryptococcus fagisuga (beech coccus) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1979); Longo et al. (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Curculio elephas (chestnut weevil) | Present | | | Clausi et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cydalima perspectalis (box tree moth) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Bella (2013); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dactylotrypes longicollis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dendrolimus pini (pine-tree lappet) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dialeurodes citri (citrus whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diaspidiotus osborni | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diaspidiotus perniciosus (San José scale) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dicrodiplosis pseudococci | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dinoderus minutus (bamboo borer) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2016); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Oriental chestnut gall wasp) | Present, Few occurrences | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Duponchelia fovealis (Southern European marshland pyralid) | Present | | | Ueda (2020); CABI and EPPO (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Suma et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (grey pineapple mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); García Morales et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Essigella californica (Monterey pine aphid) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eupoecilia ambiguella (grapevine moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gnathocerus cornutus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gonipterus scutellatus (eucalyptus snout beetle) | Present | | | Mazza et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Greenidea ficicola | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Halyomorpha halys (brown marmorated stink bug) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Harmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird) | Present | | | Menchetti et al. (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips) | Present | | | Sinacori et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale (USA)) | Present | | | NHM (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Horidiplosis ficifolii | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hylurgus ligniperda (red-haired pine bark beetle) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hypogeococcus pungens (cactus mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Russo et al. (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Josephiella microcarpae | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leptocybe invasa (blue gum chalcid) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leptoglossus occidentalis (western conifer-seed bug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lilioceris lilii (lily leaf beetle) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lindingaspis rossi (black araucaria scale) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Linepithema humile (Argentine ant) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer) | Present | | | Süss (1991); Calabretta et al. (1995); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lobesia botrana (European grapevine moth) | Present | | | Viggiani and Tranfaglia (1975); Tranfaglia and Malatesta (1977); Laccone (1978); Deseo et al. (1981); Nuzzaci and Triggiani (1982); Genduso (1985); Russo et al. (1985); Moleas (1988); Baumgärtner and Baronio (1989); Dalla Montá and Giannone (1991); Silvestri (1992); Varner and Ioriatti (1992); Bagnoli et al. (1993); Delrio et al. (1993); Pavan et al. (1993); Marchesini and Montà (1994); Pavan and Sbrissa (1994); Mattedi et al. (1995); Nucifora et al. (1996); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Contarini et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Megalorhipida leucodactylus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Metcalfa pruinosa (frosted moth-bug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monomorium salomonis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzocallis walshii | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Neotoxoptera oliveri | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nezara viridula (green stink bug) | Present, Widespread | | | UK, CAB International (1970); Colazza and Bin (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nipaecoccus nipae (spiked mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Obolodiplosis robiniae (black locust gall midge) | Present | | | Bella (2007); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oceanaspidiotus spinosus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Odontofroggatia galili | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ophelimus maskelli (Eucalyptus gall wasp) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ostrinia nubilalis (European maize borer) | Present | | | Mutuura and Munroe (1970); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ovaticoccus agavium | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (cotton, seed bug) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pammene fasciana | Present | | | Clausi et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paraleyrodes minei | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Parthenolecanium persicae (peach scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1979); Marotta (1987) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paysandisia archon (South American palm borer) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Colazza et al. (2005); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phenacoccus peruvianus | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2014); Beltrà et al. (2010); Suma and Longo (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug) | Present | | | Ricupero et al. (2021); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phibalothrips peringueyi | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phoracantha recurva (eucalyptus longhorned borer) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Mazzeo and Siscaro (2007); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phoracantha semipunctata (eucalyptus longhorned borer) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea absoluta (tomato leafminer) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Cifuentes et al. (2011); Zappalà et al. (2012); CABI and EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pieris brassicae (large cabbage white) | Present | | | Higgins (1983); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pissodes castaneus (small banded pine weevil) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Prays citri (citrus flower moth) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Prostephanus truncatus (larger grain borer) | Present | | | Suma and Russo (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudococcus viburni (obscure mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (red palm weevil) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Conti et al. (2008); CABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhyzopertha dominica (lesser grain borer) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sceliphron curvatum | Present | | | Turrisi and Altadonna (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Scyphophorus acupunctatus (agave weevil) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sesamia cretica (greater sugarcane borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Silvanus recticollis | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Siphonatrophia cupressi | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Siphoninus phillyreae (ash whitefly) | Present | | | NHM (1985); CABI/EPPO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitophilus oryzae (lesser grain weevil) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spilococcus mamillariae | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera littoralis (cotton leafworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite) | Present | | | International Institute of Entomology (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thaumastocoris peregrinus (bronze bug) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2017); Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thaumetopoea pityocampa (pine processionary) | Present, Widespread | | | UK, CAB International (1977); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thripobius javae | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Vespula germanica (German wasp) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Viteus vitifoliae (grapevine phylloxera) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Wahlgreniella nervata | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Gugliuzzo et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bos taurus (cattle) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Columba livia (pigeons) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepus europaeus (European hare) | Absent, Formerly present | | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Mustela furo (ferret) | Present | Introduced | | Long (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Myiopsitta monachus (monk parakeet) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Myocastor coypus (coypu) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ovis aries (sheep) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Psittacula krameri (rose-ringed parakeet) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rattus norvegicus (brown rat) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sus scrofa [ISC] (feral pig) | Present | Introduced | | IUCN (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Cornu aspersum (common garden snail) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Reichling (1950); Vitturi et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Theba pisana (white garden snail) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Wade et al. (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Xerotricha conspurcata | Present | | | Reitano et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Ditylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode) | Present | | | Greco et al. (2002); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Globodera pallida (white potato cyst nematode) | Present | | | Lombardo et al. (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Globodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode) | Present | | | Lombardo et al. (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Heterodera goettingiana (pea cyst eelworm) | Present | | | Lombardo et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) | Present | | | Colombo et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm) | Present | | | Spatafora et al. (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Tylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Xiphinema index (fan-leaf virus nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Cyrtomium falcatum (Japanese holly fern) | Present | | | Grasso et al. (2000) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia karroo (sweet thorn) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia saligna (coojong) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agave americana (century plant) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | DAISIE (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aloe vera (true aloe) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alopecurus myosuroides (black-grass) | Present | | | Clarke (1980) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anredera cordifolia (Madeira vine) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arctotheca calendula (capeweed) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asparagus aethiopicus | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asparagus asparagoides (bridal creeper) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asparagus setaceus (asparagus fern) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Austrocylindropuntia subulata (Eve’s needle cactus) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bauhinia purpurea (purple bauhinia) | Present | | | Polizzi et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens frondosa (beggarticks) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus diandrus (great brome) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2004); USDA-ARS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus madritensis (compact brome) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2004); USDA-ARS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus rigidus (ripgut brome) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2004); USDA-ARS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus rubens (red brome) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2004); USDA-ARS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bromus sterilis (barren brome) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2004); USDA-ARS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cannabis sativa (hemp) | Present | | | Pane et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Capsicum annuum (bell pepper) | Present | | | Panno et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); DAISIE (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carpobrotus edulis (hottentot fig) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chrysanthemoides monilifera (boneseed) | Present | Introduced | | Parsons and Cuthbertson (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Citrus aurantiifolia (lime) | Present | | | Gusella et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Citrus aurantium (sour orange) | Present | | | Rapisarda and Longo (2021) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears) | Absent, Formerly present | | | DAISIE (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane) | Present | | | Blando and Mineo (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coronilla valentina | Present | | | Cacciola et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cortaderia selloana (pampas grass) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crypsis schoenoides (swamp pricklegrass) | Present | | | Royal Botanic Garden (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean cypress) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) | Present | Native | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) | Present | | | de Filippes (1980) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Delairea odorata (Cape ivy) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass) | Present | Native | | Tutin et al. (1980) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ehrharta erecta (panic veldtgrass) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus globulus (Tasmanian blue gum) | Present | | | Mazza et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia baldschuanica (Russian vine) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue) | Present | | | Polizzi et al. (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus carica (common fig) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014); Aiello et al. (2020); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2014); Polizzi et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Genista monspessulana (Montpellier broom) | Present, Localized | Native | | USDA-ARS (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Grevillea robusta (silky oak) | Present | | | Giambra et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Halophila stipulacea (halophila seagrass) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedera helix (ivy) | Present | | | Pane et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (China-rose) | Present | | | Stradis et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Holcus lanatus (common velvet grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort) | Present | | | Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Imperata cylindrica (cogon grass) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea cairica (five-fingered morning glory) | Present | Introduced | | Staples (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda) | Present | Native | | CABI and EPPO (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe daigremontiana (devil's backbone) | Present | Introduced | | Celesti-Grapow et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lamium amplexicaule (henbit deadnettle) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lantana camara (lantana) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2013); Simón et al. (2003); Cacciola et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress) | Present | Introduced | | Marhold (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Linaria vulgaris (common toadflax) | Present | | | Raimondo and Bazan (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass) | Present | Introduced | | Tutin et al. (1980) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower) | Present | Introduced | | Uotila (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morus alba (mora) | Present | | | Pane et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morus nigra (black mulberry) | Present | Introduced | | Spina (1954) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murraya paniculata (orange jessamine) | Present | | | Aiello et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear) | Present | | | Schena et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia stricta (erect prickly pear) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Orobanche cernua (nodding broomrape) | Present | Native | | Euro+Med (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Orobanche crenata (crenate broomrape) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oxalis pes-caprae (Bermuda buttercup) | Present, Widespread | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (banana passionfruit) | Present | | | Polizzi et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paulownia tomentosa (paulownia) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum setaceum (fountain grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Pasta et al. (2010); Valdes and Scholz (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm) | Present | | | Grasso et al. (2007); Pane et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllostachys aurea (golden bamboo) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa pratensis (smooth meadow-grass) | Present | | | Polizzi et al. (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ricinus communis (castor bean) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | DAISIE (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus fruticosus (blackberry) | Present | | | Faedda et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salsola vermiculata (Mediterranean saltwort) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salvia leucantha (Mexican bush sage) | Present | | | Cacciola et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian pepper tree) | Present | | | Polizzi et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania punicea (red sesbania) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum elaeagnifolium (silverleaf nightshade) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum torvum (turkey berry) | Present | | | Sabatino et al. (2013); Garibaldi et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stenotaphrum secundatum (buffalo grass) | Present | | | Polizzi et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tecoma capensis (Cape honeysuckle) | Present | Introduced | | DAISIE (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha angustifolia (lesser bulrush) | Present | Native | | Chambers et al. (2008) |
Virus | | | Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows) | Present | | | Tomassoli and Meneghini (2007) |
Virus | | | Eggplant mottled dwarf virus (tomato vein yellowing virus) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2008); DeStradis et al. (2008); Stradis et al. (2008) |
Virus | | | Grapevine virus A (grapevine closterovirus) | Present | | | Agran et al. (1990); Rosciglione et al. (1983) |
Virus | | | Pepino mosaic virus | Present, Localized | | | Davino et al. (2009); Panno et al. (2012); CABI and EPPO (2015); Davino et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMV) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2009) |
Virus | | | Plum pox virus (sharka) | Present | | | Rizza et al. (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (Tomato brown rugose fruit virus) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Panno et al. (2020) |
Virus | | | Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (Tomato New Delhi virus) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2016); Panno et al. (2016); Panno et al. (2019); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1978); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (leaf curl) | Present | | | Credi et al. (1989); EPPO (2022) |