Invasive Species Compendium

Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide

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  • 09 February 2017
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List of Species

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The table lists the species recorded in the Compendium for this region (from the full species datasheets). It includes species that are invasive in this region, those for which there is no data on invasive status, and also species that are not invasive in the region but are reported as invasive elsewhere. This summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the distribution record. For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

DomainKingdomPhylumSpeciesDistributionOriginInvasiveReferences
BacteriaProteobacteriaXylella fastidiosa (Pierce's disease of grapevines) Present EPPO, 2014; CABI/EPPO, 2015.
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAceria guerreronis (coconut mite) Present CABI/EPPO, 2006; EPPO, 2014.
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurodicus cocois (coconut whitefly) Present Dunham and Andrade, 1971.
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAmphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle) Present YesYoung, 1994.
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha fraterculus (South American fruit fly) Present Native NoZucchi, 1978.
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAspidiotus destructor (coconut scale) Present CIE, 1966.
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBrevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite) Present CABI/EPPO, 2013.
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLeptocybe invasa (blue gum chalcid) Present Introduced YesRolim et al., 2014.
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMononychellus tanajoa (cassava green mite) Present Delalibera et al., 1992.
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm) Present IIE, 1990; EPPO, 2014.
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaThaumastocoris peregrinus (bronze bug) Present Ribeiro et al., 2015; CABI/EPPO, 2017.
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBubalus bubalis (Asian water buffalo) Present Introduced Borghese, 2005.
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataColumba livia (pigeons) Present Introduced ISSG, 2011.
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataTyto alba (Barn owl) Present Native NoBruce, 1999.
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaAchatina fulica (giant African land snail) Present EPPO, 2018.
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode) Present CABI/EPPO, 2003.
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm) Widespread Sharma and Loof, 1982; CABI/EPPO, 2002.
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaRhadinaphelenchus cocophilus (red ring nematode) Present Sharma & Loof, 1982; CABI and EPPO, 1999; EPPO, 2014.
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaTylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode) Present CABI/EPPO, 1999; EPPO, 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteridium aquilinum (bracken) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcanthospermum australe (spiny-bur) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcanthospermum hispidum (bristly starbur) Present Native YesLorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) Present Native NoLorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAllamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda) Present Native Koch et al., 2013.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed) Present Native Senna, 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus blitum (livid amaranth) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus viridis (slender amaranth) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArgemone mexicana (Mexican poppy) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArtocarpus altilis (breadfruit) Present Introduced Romaniuc et al., 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAzadirachta indica (neem tree) Present Introduced YesI3N-Brasil, 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBixa orellana (annatto) Present Native Flora do Brasil, 2016.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBoerhavia diffusa (red spiderling) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCaesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower) Present Introduced Forzza R et al, 2010.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCallisia repens (creeping inch-plant) Present Native Forzza et al., 2012.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalopogonium caeruleum (jicama) Present Native Lima, 2013.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalotropis procera (apple of sodom) Present Introduced Forzza et al., 2012.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine) Present Native Somner et al., 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassia grandis (pink shower) Present Native Forzza R et al, 2010.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassytha filiformis (love-vine) Present Native NoGBIF, 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCatharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) Present Introduced Koch et al., 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentratherum punctatum (lark daisy) Present Native Almeida and Dematteis, 2013.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris virgata (feather finger grass) Present Native Filgueiras and Valls, 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChromolaena odorata (Siam weed) Present Native Gautier, 1992b.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClidemia hirta (Koster's curse) Present Native Michelangeli and Reginato, 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea) Present Introduced Rando and Souza, 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCocos nucifera (coconut) Present Introduced Leitman et al., 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCommelina diffusa (spreading dayflower) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCordia alliodora (Ecuador laurel) Present
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos) Present Introduced Mondin, 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuphea carthagenensis (Colombian waxweed) Present Brazilian Flora, 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) Present Introduced Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus papyrus (papyrus) Present Introduced GBIF, 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass) Present Introduced Filgueiras and Valls, 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura stramonium (jimsonweed) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass) Present Introduced Canto-Dorow, 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper) Present Native Lohmann, 2016.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDrymaria cordata (tropical chickweed) Present Introduced Carneiro, 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea) Present Native Senna, 2013.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElephantopus mollis (elephant's foot) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEleusine indica (goose grass) Present Introduced Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia fosbergii (Florida tassel-flower) Present Introduced Borges, 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed) Present Native Flora do Brasil, 2016.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) Present
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia hirta (garden spurge) Present
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush) Present Introduced Koch et al., 2013.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily) Restricted distribution Introduced YesLorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHevea brasiliensis (rubber) Present
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo) Present Forzza et al., 2012.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory) Present Native Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira, 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea purpurea (tall morning glory) Present Native Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira, 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLantana camara (lantana) Present Native Lorenzi, 1983.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna perpusilla (duckweed) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeonotis nepetifolia (Christmas candlestick) Present Introduced Reflora, 2013.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucaena leucocephala (leucaena) Present Introduced YesI3N-Brasil, 2013.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLindernia crustacea (Malaysian false pimpernel) Present Introduced Souza, 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMacroptilium atropurpureum (siratro) Present Introduced Flora do Brasil, 2017.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMegathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass) Present Introduced YesAlves and Xavier, 1986.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelinis minutiflora (molasses grass) Present Introduced Yes
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia aegyptia (hairy woodrose) Present Native Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira, 2016.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia cissoides (roadside woodrose) Present Native Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira, 2016.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia umbellata (hogvine) Present Native Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira, 2016.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMesosphaerum pectinatum (comb bushmint) Present Introduced Andrade et al., 2006.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa diplotricha (creeping sensitive plant) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower) Present Introduced Flora do Brasil, 2016.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMomordica charantia (bitter gourd) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOeceoclades maculata (monk orchid) Present Introduced Forzza et al., 2012.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia monacantha (common prickly pear) Present Introduced USDA-ARS, 2013.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum conjugatum (sour paspalum) Present Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum distichum (knotgrass) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum) Present Native USDA-ARS, 2016.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora edulis (passionfruit) Widespread Native NoForzza and Janeiro, 2010.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPistia stratiotes (water lettuce) Present Native Forzza et al., 2012.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaProsopis juliflora (mesquite) Present Introduced YesI3N Brasil, 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPsidium cattleianum (strawberry guava) Present Native Sobral et al., 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPsidium guajava (guava) Present Introduced Forzza et al., 2012.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRicinus communis (castor bean) Present Introduced YesI3N-Brasil, 2014.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian pepper tree) Present Native CABI, 2005.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchizolobium parahyba (Brazilian fern tree) Present Native Flora do Brasil, 2016.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna obtusifolia (sicklepod) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna occidentalis (coffee senna) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna spectabilis (whitebark senna) Present Native Forzza R et al, 2010.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria verticillata (bristly foxtail) Present Introduced Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle) Present Introduced Schneider, 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSorghum halepense (Johnson grass) Present Introduced Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood) Present Native Lorenzi, 1982.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSphagneticola trilobata (wedelia) Present Native Forzza et al., 2012.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTerminalia catappa (Singapore almond) Present Introduced YesI3N-Brasil, 2017.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrena lobata (caesar weed) Present Native Lorenzi, 2000; Forzza et al., 2012.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa decumbens (signal grass) Present Introduced YesI3N-Brasil, 2015.
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrtica dioica (stinging nettle) Localised Introduced GBIF, 2015.
VirusCitrus leprosis virus C (leprosis of citrus) Present CABI/EPPO, 2013; EPPO, 2014.
VirusCowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus Widespread Nascimento et al., 2004; Nascimento et al., 2006; CABI/EPPO, 2010.

List of Species CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Species which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database and selected invasive species databases). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

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List of Animal Diseases

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The table lists the animal diseases recorded in the Compendium for this region (from the full disease datasheets). For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

DiseaseDistributionOriginInvasiveReferences
anaplasmosis Widespread Oliveira et al., 1992.

List of Animal Diseases CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Animal Diseases which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file
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