Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (bacterial wilt of dry beans) | Present | | | Soares et al. (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (sugarcane ratoon stunting disease) | Present | | | Marcuz et al. (2009) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (citrus greening) | Present, Widespread | | | EPPO (2022); CABI/EPPO (2017); Paula et al. (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | citrus huanglongbing (greening) disease (citrus greening) | Present | | | EPPO (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pseudomonas cichorii (bacterial blight of endive) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1983); Destéfano et al. (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (cassava bacterial blight) | Present | | | Portz et al. (2006) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vasculorum (sugarcane gumming disease) | Present | | | Leite et al. (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas citri (citrus canker) | Present | | | Bradbury (1986); Leite and Mohan (1990); Jaciani et al. (2012); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas translucens pv. cerealis (bacterial leaf streak of grasses) | Present | | | EPPO (2014) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens (bacterial leaf streak of barley) | Present | | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum (bacterial leaf streak of corn) | Present, Widespread | | | Leite et al. (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xylella fastidiosa (Pierce's disease of grapevines) | Present | | | Oliveira et al. (2002); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback) | Present | | | Santos et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight) | Present | | | Casa-Coila et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Plasmopara halstedii (downy mildew of sunflower) | Present | | | Leite et al. (2007); CABI and EPPO (2014) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Alternaria japonica (pod spot of radish) | Present | | | David (2000); Crochemore and Piza (1994) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Blumeria graminis (powdery mildew of grasses and cereals) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2004) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusicladium effusum (pecan scab) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Gibberella indica (wilt of pigeon pea) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Guignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); Nunes et al. (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Kabatiella zeae (eyespot) | Present | | | Santos et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum pathotype (wheat blast) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Igarashi et al. (1986); Pereira et al. (2014); Castroagudín et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella pini (Dothistroma blight) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella populorum (septoria leaf spot) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Phomopsis vexans (Phomopsis blight of eggplant) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2008) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Pseudocercospora ulei (South American leaf blight of rubber (SALB)) | Present, Few occurrences | Introduced | Invasive | Gasparotto et al. (1990) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Sphaeropsis sapinea (Sphaeropsis blight) | Present | | | May (1964) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Amylostereum areolatum | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Iede et al. (1988) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Austropuccinia psidii (myrtle rust) | Present, Widespread | | | Graça et al. (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phakopsora euvitis (grape rust fungus) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Tessmann et al. (2004); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phakopsora pachyrhizi (soyabean rust) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals) | Present | | | Kohli (1984) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia kuehnii (orange rust) | Present | | | Barbasso et al. (2010); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Lopes et al. (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Agrotis ipsilon (black cutworm) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly) | Present | | | Molina et al. (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha fraterculus (South American fruit fly) | Present | Native | | Zucchi (1978); Klesener et al. (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha grandis (South American cucurbit fruit fly) | Present | Native | | Zucchi (1978); Norrbom (1991); CABI and EPPO (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha obliqua (West Indian fruit fly) | Present | Native | | CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha serpentina (sapodilla fruit fly) | Present | Native | | Schmid and Santos (1988); CABI and EPPO (2001); Uchôa and Nicácio (2010); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anthonomus grandis (Mexican cotton boll weevil) | Present | | | Santos (1989); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) | Present | | | Santos et al. (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Apis mellifera scutellata (africanized bee) | Present | Introduced | | Akatsu and Pegoraro (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present | | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (MEAM1) (silverleaf whitefly) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); Boiteux et al. (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Brevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite) | Present | | | Maia and Buzzi (2006); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Uchôa and Nicácio (2010); Husch et al. (2012); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Charybdis hellerii | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Frigotto and Serafim-Junior (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1988); Claps et al. (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale) | Present | | | Silva d'Araujo et al. (1968); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Fowler and Forti (1990) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ctenarytaina spatulata | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diaspidiotus perniciosus (San José scale) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2016); Benito et al. (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Duponchelia fovealis (Southern European marshland pyralid) | Present, Localized | | | Zawadneak et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1972); Ben-Dov (1994) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eriosoma lanigerum (woolly aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1975) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips) | Present | | | Zawadneak et al. (2008); Monteiro and Souza (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Glycaspis brimblecombei (red gum lerp psyllid) | Present | Introduced | | Lutinski et al. (2006); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gonipterus scutellatus (eucalyptus snout beetle) | Present | | | Fenilli (1982); Rosado-Neto (1993); CABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Grapholita molesta (Oriental fruit moth) | Present | | | Monteiro et al. (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gymnandrosoma aurantianum (citrus fruit borer) | Present | | | Adamski and Brown (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Harmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird) | Present | | | Zawadneak et al. (2008); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Krinski and Godoy (2015); Sosa-Gómez et al. (2016); Arnemann et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa zea (bollworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips) | Present | | | Souza et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer) | Present | | | Bergamin (1946); Cristancho et al. (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1971) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leptocybe invasa (blue gum chalcid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Pereira et al. (2014); Puretz et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza sativae (vegetable leaf miner) | Present | | | Lorini and Foerster (1987); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Listroderes costirostris (vegetable weevil) | Present | | | Morrone (1993); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Macrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid) | Present | Introduced | | Furiatti and Almeida (1993) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Megaplatypus mutatus | Present | Native | | CABI and EPPO (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1979) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Neoleucinodes elegantalis (eggplant stem borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nezara viridula (green stink bug) | Present, Widespread | | | UK, CAB International (1970); Vivan and Panizzi (2006); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nipaecoccus nipae (spiked mealybug) | Present | | | Ben-Dov (1994); CABI and EPPO (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm) | Present | | | Gutierrez et al. (1986); Cividanes (1989); UK, CAB International (1990); Mafra-Neto and Habib (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phenacoccus manihoti (cassava mealybug) | Present | Native | | Löhr and Varela (1987) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phoracantha recurva (eucalyptus longhorned borer) | Present, Localized | | | Silva (2002); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phoracantha semipunctata (eucalyptus longhorned borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea absoluta (tomato leafminer) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2013); Dias et al. (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1986); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pissodes castaneus (small banded pine weevil) | Present | | | Iede et al. (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug) | Present | | | Foldi and Kozár (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Raoiella indica (red palm mite) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Hata et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhynchophorus palmarum (South American palm weevil) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Russelliana solanicola | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Saissetia oleae (olive scale) | Present | | | Albuquerque et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sirex noctilio (woodwasp) | Present, Localized | | | Iede et al. (1988); Anon (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera eridania (southern armyworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Souza et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Takecallis taiwanus | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite) | Present | | | International Institute of Entomology (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thaumastocoris peregrinus (bronze bug) | Present | | | Barbosa et al. (2010); Wilcken et al. (2010); CABI and EPPO (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Viteus vitifoliae (grapevine phylloxera) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Wasmannia auropunctata (little fire ant) | Present | Native | | ISSG (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborinus saxesenii (fruit-tree pinhole borer) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus volvulus | Present | Native | | Schedl (1963) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bos taurus (cattle) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bubalus bubalis (Asian water buffalo) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Cockrill (1977); Borghese (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Columba livia (pigeons) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cyprinus carpio (common carp) | Present | Introduced | | Froese and Pauly (2021) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Pérez et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepus europaeus (European hare) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Bonino et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Molothrus bonariensis (shiny cowbird) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ovis aries (sheep) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Phalloceros caudimaculatus (dusky millions fish) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Agostinho and Penczak (1995); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rana catesbeiana (American bullfrog) | Present | Introduced | | Lima et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sus scrofa [ISC] (feral pig) | Present | | | Brazil Ministry of Agriculture (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tyto alba (Barn owl) | Present | Native | | Bruce (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Xiphophorus hellerii | Present | Introduced | | Pavanelli et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Achatina fulica (giant African land snail) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Paiva (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Deroceras laeve (meadow slug) | Present | | | Landal et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Limacus flavus | Present | | | Landal et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Limax maximus (leopard slug) | Present | Introduced | | Graeff-Teixera et al. (1993) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Limnoperna fortunei (golden mussel) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Zanella and Marenda (2002); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Meghimatium pictum | Present | | | Landal et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Melanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Pereira (2000) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Aphelenchoides besseyi (rice leaf nematode) | Present, Localized | | | CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Ditylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode) | Present | | | Silva and Santos (1984); Silva and Carneiro (1992); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Heterodera glycines (soybean cyst nematode) | Present | | | Wain and Silva (1998); CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode) | Present | | | Antônio (1982); CABI and EPPO (2003); Moura et al. (2010); Machado et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne enterolobii (Pacara earpod tree root-knot nematode) | Present | | | Carneiro et al. (2006); Tigano et al. (2010); CABI and EPPO (2014); Soares et al. (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne ethiopica (Root-knot nematode) | Present | Native | | Lima-Medina et al. (2011); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne graminicola (rice root knot nematode) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | Lordello and Lordello (1972); Santos and Silva (1984); CABI and EPPO (2002); Mota et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm) | Present, Widespread | | | Santos and Silva (1984); CABI and EPPO (2002); Machado et al. (2013); Machado et al. (2014); Ito et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne mayaguensis | Present | | | EPPO (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Taenia solium | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Adiantum raddianum (delta maidenhair fern) | Present | Native | | Prado (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Blechnum appendiculatum (palm fern) | Present | Native | | Dittrich et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Christella dentata (soft fern) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Deparia petersenii subsp. petersenii (Petersen’s lady fern) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Mynssen (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Macrothelypteris torresiana (swordfern) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora do Brasil (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteridium aquilinum (bracken) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris tripartita (giant brake) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abrus precatorius (rosary pea) | Present | | | Forzza (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acanthospermum australe (spiny-bur) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acanthospermum hispidum (bristly starbur) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aeschynomene americana (shyleaf) | Present | Native | | Lima et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia niopoides (silk tree) | Present | Native | | Iganci (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aleurites moluccanus (candlenut tree) | Present | Introduced | | Quintão et al. (2011); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Allamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda) | Present | Native | | Koch et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aloysia citrodora (lemon verbena) | Present | Introduced | | Salimena and Múlgura (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982); Julien et al. (1995); Senna (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera pungens (Khaki weed) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed) | Present | Native | | Senna (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alysicarpus vaginalis (alyce clover) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus blitum (livid amaranth) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982); Marchioretto (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus hybridus (smooth pigweed) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982); Marchioretto (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anagallis arvensis (scarlet pimpernel) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anredera cordifolia (Madeira vine) | Present | | | GBIF (2013); USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Antigonon leptopus (coral vine) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aristolochia elegans (elegant Dutchman’s pipe) | Present | Native | | Forzza (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) | Present | Introduced | | Instituto Horus (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asclepias curassavica (bloodflower) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Axonopus fissifolius | Present | Native | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bacopa monnieri (water hyssop) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bambusa vulgaris (common bamboo) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Basella alba (malabar spinach) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens pilosa (blackjack) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora do Brasil (2018); Andrade et al. (1999); Pereira et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bixa orellana (annatto) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Boerhavia diffusa (red spiderling) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Sá CFC (2015); Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bougainvillea spectabilis (great bougainvillea) | Present | Native | | Sá CFC (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica rapa (field mustard) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2018); Reis and Boiteux (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caladium bicolor (heart of Jesus) | Present | Native | | Coelho et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calopogonium caeruleum (jicama) | Present | Native | | Lima (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calotropis procera (apple of sodom) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | Brandão (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canavalia ensiformis (jack bean) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canavalia gladiata (sword bean) | Present | Introduced | | Queiroz and Snak (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Capsicum baccatum (pepper) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine) | Present | Native | | Somner et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine) | Present | Native | | Somner et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia grandis (pink shower) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Koch et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus echinatus (southern sandbur) | Present | | | Almeida et al. (1983) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centratherum punctatum (lark daisy) | Present | Native | | Almeida and Dematteis (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ceratophyllum demersum (coontail) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chamaecrista nictitans (sensitive partridge pea) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chenopodium album (fat hen) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed) | Present | Native | | Gautier (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cissus verticillata (possum grape vine) | Present | Native | | Lombardi (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clidemia hirta (Koster's curse) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cocos nucifera (coconut) | Present | Introduced | | Henderson et al. (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conium maculatum (poison hemlock) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cortaderia selloana (pampas grass) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos) | Present | Introduced | | Mondin (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria maypurensis (rattlebox weed) | Present | Native | | Flores (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria retusa (rattleweed) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flores (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria spectabilis (showy rattlepod) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flores (2015); Oliveira et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuphea carthagenensis (Colombian waxweed) | Present | | | Biondi and Pedrosa-Macedo (2008); Brazilian Flora (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) | Present | | | Gomes and Negrelle (2006); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2014); Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) | Present | Introduced | | Zuloaga et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge) | Present | Native | | Zuloaga et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus iria (rice flatsedge) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus meyenianus (Meyen's flatsedge) | Present | Native | | Simpson (1989) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982); I3N-Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura stramonium (jimsonweed) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Desmodium incanum (creeping beggerweed) | Present | | | Andrade et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria bicornis (Asian crabgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982); Canto-Dorow (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria eriantha (pangola grass) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria fuscescens (yellow crab grass) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria insularis (sourgrass) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Diodia teres (poorjoe) | Present, Widespread | Native | Invasive | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dioscorea alata (white yam) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012); Moura et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper) | Present | Native | | Lohmann (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dracaena fragrans (corn plant) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Drymaria cordata (tropical chickweed) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Carneiro (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea) | Present | Native | | Senna (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | | | Shirasuna (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-pavonis (gulf cockspur grass) | Present | Native | | Tropicos (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinodorus uruguayensis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Egeria densa (leafy elodea) | Present, Localized | Native | | Cook and Urmi-König (1984) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eichhornia azurea (anchored water hyacinth) | Present, Widespread | Native | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) | Present | Native | | Gopal (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elephantopus mollis (elephant's foot) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleusine indica (goose grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia fosbergii (Florida tassel-flower) | Present | Introduced | | Moraes et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis plana (South African lovegrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Kissmann (1997); Zenni and Ziller (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites valerianifolius (tropical burnweed) | Present | Native | | Belcher (1956) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eriobotrya japonica (loquat) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Naturalized | Simão-Bianchini (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) | Present | | | Nechet et al. (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia hirta (garden spurge) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia umbellata (African milk bush) | Present | Introduced | | Luz et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia convolvulus (black bindweed) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Melo (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus carica (common fig) | Present, Planted | | | Santos et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fimbristylis dichotoma (tall fringe rush) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Present, Widespread | | | Lorenzi (1982); Zagonel et al. (2000); Mondin (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Mondin (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gliricidia sepium (gliricidia) | Present | Introduced | | Lima (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gmelina arborea (candahar) | Present | Introduced | | Bolzón-de Muñiz et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Koch et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphrena globosa (globe amaranth) | Present | | Naturalized | Senna et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Grevillea robusta (silky oak) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); I3N-Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedychium coccineum (scarlet ginger lily) | Present | Introduced | | Inter-American Biodiversity Information Network (2008); I3N-Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heliocarpus americanus (white moho) | Present | Native | | Grandtner and Chevrette (2013); Bernardi et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hevea brasiliensis (rubber) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hovenia dulcis | Present | | | Lucini and Panizzi (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hymenachne amplexicaulis (hymenachne) | Present, Localized | Native | | Flora del Conosur (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyparrhenia rufa (Jaragua grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hypochaeris radicata (cat's ear) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-NRCS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis brevipes (lesser roundweed) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2018); Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis suaveolens (pignut) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens walleriana (busy lizzy) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo) | Present | | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea alba (white moonflower ) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea hederifolia (scarlet-creeper ) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea nil (white edge morning-glory) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Simão-Bianchini R and Ferreira PPA (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea purpurea (tall morning glory) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea quamoclit (cypress vine) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ischaemum rugosum (saramollagrass) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ixora finlaysoniana (white jungle flame) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus effusus (common rush) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lantana camara (lantana) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leersia hexandra (southern cut grass) | Present | | | Pyrah (1969) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leonotis nepetifolia (Christmas candlestick) | Present | Introduced | | Reflora (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leonurus japonicus (honeyweed) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Harley et al. (2014); Barbosa et al. (2013); Fernandes-Acioli et al. (2014); Ferro et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa mucronata (mucronate sprangletop ) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum japonicum (Japanese privet) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ligustrum vulgare (common privet) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Limnobium laevigatum (South American spongeplant) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia grandiflora (water primrose) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia peploides (water primrose) | Present | | | GBIF (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Macroptilium atropurpureum (siratro) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mangifera indica (mango) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Silva-Luz and Pirani (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Manilkara zapota (sapodilla) | Present | Introduced | | Almeida (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Alves and Xavier (1986) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melia azedarach (Chinaberry) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis repens (natal redtop) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2012); Filgueiras (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia cissoides (roadside woodrose) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia tuberosa (woodrose) | Present | Introduced | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia umbellata (hogvine) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mikania micrantha (bitter vine) | Present | | | Ruas and Ruas (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa ceratonia (climbing mimosa) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa diplotricha (giant sensitive plant) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morinda citrifolia (Indian mulberry) | Present | Introduced | | Maio and Oliveira (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Moringa oleifera (horse radish tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Silva et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morus nigra (black mulberry) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Biondi and Muller (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murdannia nudiflora (doveweed) | Present | Introduced | | Aona and Pellegrini (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murraya paniculata (orange jessamine) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982); Bini et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nandina domestica (Nandina) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Carvalho and Gosek (2008); GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Neomarica caerulea (walking iris) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nerium oleander (oleander) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicandra physalodes (apple of Peru) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza (2010); Lacroix et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nopalea cochenillifera (cochineal cactus) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ocimum gratissimum (African basil) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora do Brasil (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines) | Present | Introduced | | Oliveira and Souza (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia lancifolia (calycose mille graines) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Oliveira and Souza (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia monacantha (common prickly pear) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oryza rufipogon (wild rice) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oxalis articulata | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Panicum repens (torpedo grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed) | Present, Widespread | | | Lorenzi (1982); Kissmann and Groth (1992); Flora do Brasil (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum densum (dense crowngrass) | Present | Native | | Oliveira and Valls (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum dilatatum (dallisgrass) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum distichum (knotgrass) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum millegrana (yerba brava) | Present | Native | | Oliveira and Valls (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum notatum (Bahia grass) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum paniculatum (Russell River grass) | Present | Native | | Oliveira and Valls (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum urvillei (Vasey grass) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2012); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum virgatum (sword grass) | Present | Native | | Oliveira RC and de Valls JFM (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora edulis (passionfruit) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Forzza and Janeiro (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora quadrangularis (giant granadilla) | Present | Native | | Bernacci et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum polystachion (mission grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pentas lanceolata (Egyptian starcluster) | Present | Introduced | | Zappi (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria maculosa (redshank) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Petiveria alliacea (guinea hen weed) | Present | Native | | Cardenas and Coulston (1967); Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phaseolus lunatus (lima bean) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Lima and Snak (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllanthus urinaria (leafflower) | Present | Introduced | | Orlandini et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllostachys aurea (golden bamboo) | Present | Introduced | | Filgueiras TS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus elliottii (slash pine) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus patula (Mexican weeping pine) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pittosporum undulatum (Australian cheesewood) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Pirani (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago major (broad-leaved plantain) | Present | | | Dias-Arieira et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa annua (annual meadowgrass) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Longhi-Wagner (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polycarpon tetraphyllum (fourleaf allseed) | Present | Introduced | | Reflora (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Populus alba (silver-leaf poplar) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Populus nigra (black poplar) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides (Mexican flamevine) | Present | Native | | Borges and Teles (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium cattleianum (strawberry guava) | Present | Native | | Raseira and Raseira (1996); Battisti et al. (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium guajava (guava) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pterolepis glomerata (false meadowbeauty) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015); Roskov et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pyracantha coccinea (scarlet firethorn) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Raphanus raphanistrum (wild radish) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982); Reis and Boiteux (2010); Boiteux et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Raphanus sativus (radish) | Present | | | Boiteux et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ricinus communis (castor bean) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rivina humilis (bloodberry) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) | Present | | | Jacomassi and Piedade (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus niveus (Mysore raspberry) | Present | Introduced | | I3N-Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rubus rosifolius (roseleaf raspberry) | Present | Introduced | | Simão-Bianchini (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock) | Present | | | Kozlowski (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sacciolepis indica (glen woodgrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salix humboldtiana (pencil willow) | Present | Native | | Marquete et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sambucus canadensis (American black elderberry) | Present | Introduced | | Jørgensen et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian pepper tree) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schizolobium parahyba (Brazilian fern tree) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sechium edule (chayote) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna alata (candle bush) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna hirsuta (hairy senna) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna multijuga (November shower) | Present, Planted | | | USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna obtusifolia (sicklepod) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria verticillata (bristly foxtail) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria viridis (green foxtail) | Present | | | Species Link (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida linifolia (flaxleaf fanpetals) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silybum marianum (variegated thistle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum mauritianum (tobacco tree) | Present, Widespread | Native | Invasive | Lorenzi (1991); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum sisymbriifolium (sticky nightshade) | Present | Native | | Stehmann et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum tuberosum (potato) | Present | | | Casa-Coila et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum viarum (tropical soda apple) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2008); Forzza RC et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Schneider (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spartina densiflora | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spergula arvensis (corn spurry) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sphagneticola trilobata (wedelia) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachys arvensis (staggerweed) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Forzza (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachytarpheta cayennensis (blue snakeweed) | Present, Few occurrences | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stellaria media (common chickweed) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Synedrella nodiflora (synedrella) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Syzygium jambos (rose apple) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarindus indica (tamarind) | Present | Introduced | | Lewis GP (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Taraxacum officinale complex (dandelion) | Present | Introduced | | Leite et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tecoma stans (yellow bells) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Kranz and Passini (1996); Kranz and Passini (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tephrosia vogelii (Vogel's tephrosia) | Present | | | Ito et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Terminalia catappa (Singapore almond) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Naturalized | Zappi (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thunbergia alata (black eyed Susan) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tibouchina herbacea (cane tibouchina) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tibouchina urvilleana (princessflower) | Present | Native | | Guimarães (2016); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Magenta (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tithonia rotundifolia (red sunflower) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Magenta (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia fluminensis (wandering Jew) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Barreto (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia zebrina (wandering jew) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Bonnet et al. (2011); Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tridax procumbens (coat buttons) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triplaris americana (ant tree) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triumfetta rhomboidea (diamond burbark) | Present | Native | | Esteves (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triumfetta semitriloba (burweed) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Turbina corymbosa (Christmas vine) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha domingensis (southern cattail) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urena lobata (caesar weed) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (2000); Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa decumbens (signal grass) | Present | Introduced | | Shirasuna (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa mutica (para grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Utricularia gibba | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbena litoralis (blue vervain) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbena rigida (stiff verbena) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Streptophyta | Campylopus introflexus | Present | Native | | Frahm (1991) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Babesia bigemina | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Babesia bovis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Toxoplasma gondii | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Virus | | | Citrus leprosis virus C (leprosis of citrus) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2014) |
Virus | | | Cowpea mild mottle virus (angular mosaic of beans) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2019) |
Virus | | | Papaya ringspot virus | Present | | | Almeida and Carvalho (1978); CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Virus | | | Sugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic) | Present | | | Barboza et al. (2007) |
Virus | | | Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1978); EPPO (2022) |