Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Acidovorax citrulli (fruit blotch) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (citrus greening) | Present, Few occurrences | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pseudomonas cichorii (bacterial blight of endive) | Present | | | Moreira et al. (2015) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum race 2 (moko disease) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2021) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xylella fastidiosa (Pierce's disease of grapevines) | Present | | | Laranjeira et al. (2008); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback) | Present | | | Santos et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1982) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ceratocystis fimbriata (Ceratocystis blight) | Present, Localized | Native | | Pereira and Santos (1986); Bezerra (1997); Engelbrecht and Harrington (2005); Ferreira et al. (2010); Harrington et al. (2011); Firmino et al. (2013); Harrington et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI and EPPO (2015); Costa et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Senhor et al. (2009); Ramos et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Pseudocercospora ulei (South American leaf blight of rubber (SALB)) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Batista (1947); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Austropuccinia psidii (myrtle rust) | Present, Widespread | | | Graça et al. (2013); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Moniliophthora perniciosa (witches' broom disease of cacao) | Present | | | Pereira et al. (1989); CABI and EPPO (2002); Loguercio et al. (2009); Marelli et al. (2009); Patrocínio et al. (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phakopsora pachyrhizi (soyabean rust) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals) | Present, Few occurrences | | | McMahon (1984); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aceria guerreronis (coconut mite) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurodicus cocois (coconut whitefly) | Present | | | Carvalho et al. (1971) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurodicus dispersus (whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Amphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle) | Present | | Invasive | Castro (1997); Farrapeira (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha fraterculus (South American fruit fly) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); Silva et al. (2010); Manni et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha grandis (South American cucurbit fruit fly) | Present | Native | | Bondar (1950); CABI and EPPO (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha obliqua (West Indian fruit fly) | Present | Native | | De Oliveira et al. (2008); Dutra et al. (2009); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha serpentina (sapodilla fruit fly) | Present | Native | | Greene (1934); CABI and EPPO (2001); Uchôa and Nicácio (2010); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anthonomus grandis (Mexican cotton boll weevil) | Present | | | Degrande (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidiella aurantii (red scale) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale) | Present | Native | | Silva et al. (1968); Claps et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) | Present | | | Soares and Silva (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1966); Claps et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present | | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (MEAM1) (silverleaf whitefly) | Present, Widespread | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Brevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); Sousa et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Gasparich et al. (1997); Aquino and Joachim-Bravo (2014); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Charybdis hellerii | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Almeida et al. (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1988); Claps et al. (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1969); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chthamalus proteus | Present, Widespread | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Fowler and Forti (1990) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diaphorina citri (Asian citrus psyllid) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dinoderus minutus (bamboo borer) | Present | | | Marques and Gil-Santana (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1972); Ben-Dov (1994) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Glycaspis brimblecombei (red gum lerp psyllid) | Present, Localized | | | Masson et al. (2009); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gymnandrosoma aurantianum (citrus fruit borer) | Present | | | Adamski and Brown (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Czepak et al. (2013); Sosa-Gómez et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa zea (bollworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1961) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1971) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1957) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Leptocybe invasa (blue gum chalcid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Costa et al. (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza sativae (vegetable leaf miner) | Present | | | Ferreira et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Listroderes costirostris (vegetable weevil) | Present | | | NHM (1905); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Maconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Megaplatypus mutatus | Present | Native | | CABI and EPPO (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monomorium floricola | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Mononychellus tanajoa (cassava green mite) | Present, Widespread | | | Farias et al. (1982); Delalibera et al. (1992); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nezara viridula (green stink bug) | Present, Widespread | | | Vivan and Panizzi (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (cotton, seed bug) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pheidole megacephala (big-headed ant) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Delabie et al. (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Silva (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phoracantha semipunctata (eucalyptus longhorned borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea absoluta (tomato leafminer) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2013); Silva et al. (2016); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) | Present | | | Salinas (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Polyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Raoiella indica (red palm mite) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Melo et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhynchophorus palmarum (South American palm weevil) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Moura et al. (1993); Moura et al. (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Saissetia oleae (olive scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1952) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Solenopsis geminata (tropical fire ant) | Present | Native | | Delabie and Fowler (1995); Gotzek et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) | Present | | | Soares and Silva (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Delabie et al. (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite) | Present | | | International Institute of Entomology (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thaumastocoris peregrinus (bronze bug) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Viteus vitifoliae (grapevine phylloxera) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Wasmannia auropunctata (little fire ant) | Present | | | Santos et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus volvulus | Present | Native | | Schedl (1963); Schedl (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bos taurus (cattle) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bubalus bubalis (Asian water buffalo) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Borghese (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Columba livia (pigeons) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Pullin et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Pullin et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ovis aries (sheep) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rachycentron canadum (cobia) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rana catesbeiana (American bullfrog) | Present | Introduced | | Lima et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sus scrofa [ISC] (feral pig) | Present | | | Brazil Ministry of Agriculture (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tyto alba (Barn owl) | Present | Native | | Bruce (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Cnidaria | Phyllorhiza punctata (Australian spotted jellyfish) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Achatina fulica (giant African land snail) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Paiva (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Magallana gigas (Pacific oyster) | Present | Introduced | | Simoes-Ramos et al. (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Melanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Fernandez et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Pomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Aphelenchoides besseyi (rice leaf nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi (Chrysanthemum foliar eelworm) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Helicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Heterodera glycines (soybean cyst nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode) | Present | | | Freire and Ponte (1976); CABI and EPPO (2003); Souza et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne enterolobii (Pacara earpod tree root-knot nematode) | Present | | | Carneiro et al. (2001); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | Freire and Ponte (1976); CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm) | Present, Widespread | | | Freire and Ponte (1976); CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne mayaguensis | Present | | | Carneiro et al. (2001); EPPO (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode) | Present | | | Zem and Lordello (1983); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Rhadinaphelenchus cocophilus (red ring nematode) | Present | | | Chaves Batista (1948); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Scutellonema bradys (yam nematode) | Present | | | Coimbra et al. (2006); CABI and EPPO (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Tylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | Carvalho (1942); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Taenia solium | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Adiantum raddianum (delta maidenhair fern) | Present | Native | | Prado (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Blechnum appendiculatum (palm fern) | Present | Native | | Dittrich et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Ceratopteris thalictroides (watersprite) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Macrothelypteris torresiana (swordfern) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora do Brasil (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Nephrolepis brownii (Asian swordfern) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteridium aquilinum (bracken) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abrus precatorius (rosary pea) | Present | | | Forzza (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia mangium (brown salwood) | Present | Introduced | | IABIN (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acanthospermum australe (spiny-bur) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acanthospermum hispidum (bristly starbur) | Present | Native | Invasive | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acmella uliginosa (marsh para cress) | Present | Native | | Mondin et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aeschynomene americana (shyleaf) | Present | Native | | Lima et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agave sisalana (sisal hemp) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia niopoides (silk tree) | Present | Native | | Iganci (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Allamanda blanchetii (purple allamanda) | Present | Native | | Koch et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Allamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda) | Present | Native | | Koch et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera halimifolia (hairy joyweed) | Present | | | Santana et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982); Julien et al. (1995); Senna (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera pungens (Khaki weed) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed) | Present | Native | | Senna (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus blitum (livid amaranth) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982); Marchioretto (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus viridis (slender amaranth) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia peruviana (Peruvian ragweed) | Present | Native | | Mondin and Nakajima (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona muricata (soursop) | Present | | | Sousa et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona squamosa (sugar apple) | Present | | | Sousa et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Antigonon leptopus (coral vine) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Instituto Horus (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Averrhoa bilimbi (bilimbi) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Axonopus fissifolius | Present | Native | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Azadirachta indica (neem tree) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bacopa monnieri (water hyssop) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bambusa vulgaris (common bamboo) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Filgueiras (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Basella alba (malabar spinach) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens pilosa (blackjack) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora do Brasil (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bixa orellana (annatto) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Boerhavia diffusa (red spiderling) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Sá CFC (2015); Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bougainvillea spectabilis (great bougainvillea) | Present | Native | | Sá CFC (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caladium bicolor (heart of Jesus) | Present | Native | | Coelho et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Callisia repens (creeping inch-plant) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calopogonium caeruleum (jicama) | Present | Native | | Lima (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo) | Present | Native | | Lima (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calotropis procera (apple of sodom) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canavalia ensiformis (jack bean) | Present | | | Lewis (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canavalia gladiata (sword bean) | Present | Introduced | | Queiroz and Snak (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine) | Present | Native | | Somner et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cascabela thevetia (yellow oleander) | Present | Native | | Koch et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia grandis (pink shower) | Present, Planted | Native | | Forzza (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia javanica (pink shower) | Present | Introduced | | Lewis (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina glauca (scaly oak (Australia)) | Present | | | Poderoso et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Koch et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centratherum punctatum (lark daisy) | Present | Native | | Almeida and Dematteis (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chamaecrista nictitans (sensitive partridge pea) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris virgata (feather finger grass) | Present | Native | | Filgueiras and Valls (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed) | Present | Native | | Gautier (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Filgueiras (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cissus verticillata (possum grape vine) | Present | Native | | Lombardi (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cleome gynandra | Present | Native | | Forzza and Janeiro (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clidemia hirta (Koster's curse) | Present | Native | | França et al. (1996); Missouri Botanical Garden (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Rando and Souza (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clusia rosea | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cocos nucifera (coconut) | Present | Introduced | | Leitman et al. (2014); Poderoso et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Commelina diffusa (spreading dayflower) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Copaifera officinalis (copaiba balsam) | Present | | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cordia alliodora (Ecuador laurel) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cosmos caudatus (wild cosmos) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos) | Present | Introduced | | Mondin (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria maypurensis (rattlebox weed) | Present | Native | | Flores (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria retusa (rattleweed) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flores (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria spectabilis (showy rattlepod) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flores (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Croton argenteus (silver July croton) | Present | Native | | Cordeiro et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cryptostegia grandiflora (rubber vine) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuphea carthagenensis (Colombian waxweed) | Present | | | Brazilian Flora (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyanthillium cinereum (little ironweed) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyathula prostrata (pasture weed) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus iria (rice flatsedge) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus meyenianus (Meyen's flatsedge) | Present | Native | | Simpson (1989) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus papyrus (papyrus) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Filgueiras and Valls (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura innoxia (downy thorn apple) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura stramonium (jimsonweed) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dieffenbachia seguine (dumb cane) | Present | | | Caliman et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria bicornis (Asian crabgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982); Canto-Dorow (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria fuscescens (yellow crab grass) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria insularis (sourgrass) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dioscorea bulbifera (air potato) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dioscorea cayenensis (Guinea yam) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper) | Present | Native | | Lohmann (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dracaena fragrans (corn plant) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Drymaria cordata (tropical chickweed) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Carneiro (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Duranta erecta (golden dewdrop) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea) | Present | Native | | Senna (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | | | Shirasuna (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) | Present | Introduced | | Shirasuna (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-pavonis (gulf cockspur grass) | Present | Native | | Tropicos (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Egeria densa (leafy elodea) | Present | | | Oliveira et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eichhornia azurea (anchored water hyacinth) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elephantopus mollis (elephant's foot) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleusine indica (goose grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia fosbergii (Florida tassel-flower) | Present | Introduced | | Moraes et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower) | Present | | | Borges and Teles (2015); Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Epiphyllum oxypetalum (dutchman's-pipe cactus) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Zappi et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Longhi-Wagner (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis plana (South African lovegrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Zenni and Ziller (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites valerianifolius (tropical burnweed) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Belcher (1956) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eriobotrya japonica (loquat) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Naturalized | Simão-Bianchini (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia hirta (garden spurge) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Furcraea foetida (Mauritius hemp) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Pirani and Lopes (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gliricidia sepium (gliricidia) | Present | Introduced | | Lima (2015); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Koch et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphrena globosa (globe amaranth) | Present | | Naturalized | Senna et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gymnocoronis spilanthoides (Senegal tea plant) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Lorenzi (1982); Kissmann (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hevea brasiliensis (rubber) | Present | | | Oliveira et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hylocereus undatus (dragon fruit) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Taylor and Zappi (2004); Flora do Brasil (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyparrhenia rufa (Jaragua grass) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Filgueiras et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis brevipes (lesser roundweed) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2018); Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis suaveolens (pignut) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens walleriana (busy lizzy) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Naturalized | Forzza RC et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo) | Present | | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea alba (white moonflower ) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea hederifolia (scarlet-creeper ) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea nil (white edge morning-glory) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Simão-Bianchini R and Ferreira PPA (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea purpurea (tall morning glory) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea quamoclit (cypress vine) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ixora finlaysoniana (white jungle flame) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe integra (Never die) | Present | Introduced | | Voeks (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kyllinga nemoralis (white kyllinga) | Present | Introduced | | Alves et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd) | Present | Introduced | | Gomes-Klein et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lantana camara (lantana) | Present | Native | | Barreto et al. (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leersia hexandra (southern cut grass) | Present | | | Pyrah (1969) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna aequinoctialis (lesser duckweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna perpusilla (duckweed) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leonotis nepetifolia (Christmas candlestick) | Present | Introduced | | Reflora (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leonurus japonicus (honeyweed) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Harley et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa fusca (sprangletop) | Present | Native | | Valls (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa mucronata (mucronate sprangletop ) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Limnobium laevigatum (South American spongeplant) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia peploides (water primrose) | Present | Native | | Zardini et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Luffa aegyptiaca (loofah) | Present | | | Zipcode Zoo (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Macroptilium atropurpureum (siratro) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mangifera indica (mango) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Silva-Luz and Pirani (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Manilkara zapota (sapodilla) | Present | Introduced | | Almeida (2015); Bittencourt et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Alves and Xavier (1986) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis repens (natal redtop) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia aegyptia (hairy woodrose) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia cissoides (roadside woodrose) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia tuberosa (woodrose) | Present | Introduced | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia umbellata (hogvine) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Miconia calvescens (miconia) | Present, Localized | Native | | Meyer (1994); Seixas et al. (2007); Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa arenosa (elegant mimosa) | Present | Native | | Dutra and Morim (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa ceratonia (climbing mimosa) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa diplotricha (giant sensitive plant) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2014); Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morinda citrifolia (Indian mulberry) | Present | Introduced | | Maio and Oliveira (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murdannia nudiflora (doveweed) | Present | Introduced | | Aona and Pellegrini (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murraya paniculata (orange jessamine) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mussaenda erythrophylla (red flag bush) | Present | Introduced | | Zappi (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nelsonia canescens (blue pussyleaf) | Present | | | Profice et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nerium oleander (oleander) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicandra physalodes (apple of Peru) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza (2010); Pereira et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nopalea cochenillifera (cochineal cactus) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ocimum gratissimum (African basil) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora do Brasil (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oeceoclades maculata (monk orchid) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines) | Present | Introduced | | Oliveira and Souza (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia lancifolia (calycose mille graines) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Oliveira and Souza (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia monacantha (common prickly pear) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia stricta (erect prickly pear) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Zappi et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pachira aquatica (pachira nut) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Panicum repens (torpedo grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parkinsonia aculeata (Mexican palo-verde) | Present, Planted | Native | | ILDIS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed) | Present | Introduced | | Flora do Brasil (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass) | Present | Native | | de Oliveira and Valls (2015); Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum densum (dense crowngrass) | Present | Native | | Oliveira and Valls (2015); Mori et al. (1980) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum distichum (knotgrass) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum millegrana (yerba brava) | Present | Native | | Oliveira and Valls (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum notatum (Bahia grass) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum paniculatum (Russell River grass) | Present | Native | | Oliveira and Valls (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum urvillei (Vasey grass) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2012); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora edulis (passionfruit) | Present | Native | | Cervi (1997); Firmino et al. (2013); Melo et al. (2015); Santos et al. (2018); Vidal et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora quadrangularis (giant granadilla) | Present | Native | | Bernacci et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum polystachion (mission grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) | Present | | | Silva et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllanthus urinaria (leafflower) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Da Silva and Ferreira de Sales (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus caribaea (Caribbean pine) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago major (broad-leaved plantain) | Present | | | França et al. (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pontederia cordata (pickerel weed) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prosopis juliflora (mesquite) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N Brasil (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prosopis pallida (mesquite) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Harris et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium cattleianum (strawberry guava) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium guajava (guava) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012); Santos et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pterolepis glomerata (false meadowbeauty) | Present | Native | | Roskov et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rhizophora mangle (red mangrove) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ricinus communis (castor bean) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Cordeiro (2014); I3N-Brasil (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rivina humilis (bloodberry) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rytidostylis carthagenensis | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sacciolepis indica (glen woodgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2012); Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Samanea saman (rain tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian pepper tree) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schizolobium parahyba (Brazilian fern tree) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna alata (candle bush) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna bacillaris (whitebark senna) | Present | Native | | Forzza (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna hirsuta (hairy senna) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna multijuga (November shower) | Present | | | USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna obtusifolia (sicklepod) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna occidentalis (coffee senna) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna siamea (yellow cassia) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna spectabilis (whitebark senna) | Present | Native | | Forzza (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania sesban (sesban) | Present | Introduced | | Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria verticillata (bristly foxtail) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria viridis (green foxtail) | Present | | | Species Link (2017); Reflora - Virtual Herbarium (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida acuta (sida) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida linifolia (flaxleaf fanpetals) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum mauritianum (tobacco tree) | Present, Localized | Native | Invasive | Lorenzi (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum sisymbriifolium (sticky nightshade) | Present | Native | | Stehmann et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum viarum (tropical soda apple) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Schneider (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass) | Present | Introduced | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sphagneticola trilobata (wedelia) | Present | Native | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spondias purpurea (red mombin) | Present | | | Santos et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus pyramidatus (whorled dropseed) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus tenuissimus (tropical dropseed) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachys arvensis (staggerweed) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Forzza (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachytarpheta cayennensis (blue snakeweed) | Present, Few occurrences | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stellaria media (common chickweed) | Present | | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Syzygium jambos (rose apple) | Present | Introduced | | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarindus indica (tamarind) | Present | Introduced | | Lewis GP (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Terminalia catappa (Singapore almond) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thunbergia alata (black eyed Susan) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Magenta (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tithonia rotundifolia (red sunflower) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Magenta (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trachypogon spicatus (spiked crinkleawn) | Present | Native | | Flora do Brasil (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia fluminensis (wandering Jew) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia zebrina (wandering jew) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triumfetta rhomboidea (diamond burbark) | Present | Native | | Esteves (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triumfetta semitriloba (burweed) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Turbina corymbosa (Christmas vine) | Present | Native | | Simão-Bianchini and Ferreira (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha domingensis (southern cattail) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urena lobata (caesar weed) | Present | Native | | Lorenzi (2000); Forzza RC et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa decumbens (signal grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | I3N-Brasil (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa distachya (signal grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa humidicola (koronivia grass) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Utricularia gibba | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vigna marina (beach bean) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vitex agnus-castus (chaste tree) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Harley et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Babesia bigemina | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Babesia bovis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Toxoplasma gondii | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Virus | | | Citrus leprosis virus C (leprosis of citrus) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2014) |
Virus | | | Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus | Present, Widespread | | | Nascimento et al. (2006); Melo et al. (2015); Vidal et al. (2018) |
Virus | | | Cowpea mild mottle virus (angular mosaic of beans) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Almeida et al. (2005); CABI and EPPO (2019) |
Virus | | | Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows) | Present | | Invasive | Costa et al. (2019); Vidal et al. (2018) |
Virus | | | Papaya ringspot virus | Present, Widespread | | | Rezende and Costa (1986); CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Virus | | | Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |