| | | yellow head virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Clavibacter michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (sugarcane ratoon stunting disease) | Present | | | Rott et al. (1989); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Bacteroidetes | Paenibacillus larvae | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Bacillus anthracis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Melissococcus plutonius | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma gallisepticum | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) type | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Anaplasma marginale | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella abortus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella melitensis | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella ovis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella suis | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Burkholderia pseudomallei | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Coxiella burnetii | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Francisella tularensis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato) | Present | | | EPPO (2021) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum race 1 (bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella Abortusequi | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella gallinarum | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella pullorum | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Taylorella equigenitalis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (cassava bacterial blight) | Present | | | Bradbury (1986); UK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (banana xanthomonas wilt (BXW)) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Ndungo et al. (2004); Ndungo et al. (2006); Aritua et al. (2008); Aritua et al. (2009); CABI/EPPO (2013); Hodgetts et al. (2015); Ocimati et al. (2015); Rutikanga et al. (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas citri (citrus canker) | Present | | | Bradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Aphanomyces invadans | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Plasmopara viticola (grapevine downy mildew) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1988) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ceratocystis fimbriata (Ceratocystis blight) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Coniothyrium glycines (red leaf blotch) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); UK, CAB International (1991) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI and EPPO (2015); Karangwa et al. (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis (fusarium wilt of oil palm) | Present | | | Wardlaw (1946); Franqueville (1984); UK, CAB International (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (Fusarium wilt) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1982) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Gibberella xylarioides (coffee wilt) | Present, Widespread | | | Flood (2009); Fraselle (1950); UK, CAB International (1970); OZACAF (1995); Rutherford (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Guignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot) | Absent, Confirmed absent by survey | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Sebasigari and Stover (1988); Mourichon and Fullerton (1990); CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Pseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Brun (1972); Seif and Hillocks (1993); UK, CAB International (1996) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phakopsora pachyrhizi (soyabean rust) | Present | | | Ojiambo et al. (2007); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Phellinus noxius (brown tea root disease) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1997) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals) | Present | | | Prescott (1984); Mwitirwa (1987) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) | Present | | | Greenbaum et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Acarapis woodi (honeybee mite) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aethina tumida | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Amblyomma variegatum (tropical bont tick) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidiella aurantii (red scale) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale) | Present | Introduced | | Nakahara (1982) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis craccivora (groundnut aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1983) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale) | Present | | | Buyckx (1962) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Vayssières et al. (2007); Virgilio et al. (2010); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera dorsalis (Oriental fruit fly) | Present | Introduced | | Ekesi and Billah (2006); CABI and EPPO (2008); Khamis et al. (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera latifrons (Solanum fruit fly) | Present | | | Ndayizeye and Balangaliza (2021); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bagrada hilaris (painted bug) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present | | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); Abdullahi et al. (2003); Bisimwa et al. (2012); Legg et al. (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Brevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Meyer (2000); Meyer et al. (2002); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ceratitis rosa (Natal fruit fly) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | Meyer (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ceroplastes destructor (white wax scale) | Present, Localized | | | UK, CAB International (1960); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysodeixis chalcites (golden twin-spot moth) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1977) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale) | Present | | | Balachowsky (1956) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm) | Present | Native | Invasive | Rovere (1910); Hall et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cinara cupressi sensu lato (Cypress aphid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Ciesla (1991); Watson et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm) | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Coptotermes sjostedti | Present | Native | | Snyder (1949); Harris (1966) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Crocidosema plebejana (cotton tipworm) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Coaton (1948) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Culex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito) | Present, Widespread | | Invasive | Subra (1981) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cylas formicarius (sweet potato weevil) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1970); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dacus bivittatus (fruit fly) | Present | | | Virgilio et al. (2011); White (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dacus ciliatus (lesser pumpkin fly) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); White and Elson-Harris (1994); Norrbom et al. (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Daphnia lumholtzi | Present | Native | | Green (1967) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diaspidiotus perniciosus (San José scale) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dinoderus minutus (bamboo borer) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eulachnus rileyi (pine needle aphid) | Present | | | NHM (1994) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Euwallacea piceus | Present | Introduced | | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug) | Present, Widespread | | | Buyckx (1962) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer) | Present | | | Abeele (1957); Cristancho et al. (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia) | Present | | | NHM (undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Maconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Williams (1986); Miller et al. (1999); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Macrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid) | Present | Introduced | | UK, CAB International (1984) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monomorium destructor (Singapore ant) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Mononychellus tanajoa (cassava green mite) | Present, Widespread | | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1979); Remaudiere and Autrique (1985); Millar (1994) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nezara viridula (green stink bug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1970) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nomadacris septemfasciata (red locust) | Present, Few occurrences | | | Walker (1870); UVAROV (1923); Bredo (1936); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (cotton, seed bug) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paratrechina longicornis (crazy ant) | Present | | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm) | Present | | | Seydel (1929); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pheidole megacephala (big-headed ant) | Present | Native | Invasive | Wheeler (1922) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phenacoccus manihoti (cassava mealybug) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Hahn and Williams (1973); Matile-Ferrero (1978); Nwanze et al. (1979); Hennessey and Muaka (1987); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phryneta leprosa | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea absoluta (tomato leafminer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Mukwa et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth) | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug) | Present | | | NHM (1929); CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Planococcus kenyae (coffee mealybug) | Present | | | Mayne and Ghesquiere (1934); Entwistle (1972); Cox (1989); Tata-Hangy and Den Hollander (1995); CABI and EPPO (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rastrococcus invadens (fruit tree mealybug) | Present | | | Neuenschwander (1989); CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera exempta (black armyworm) | Present, Widespread | | | UK, CAB International (1972); Haggis (1984); Rose et al. (1996); Pogue (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | IPAPEL-FAO (2017); Day et al. (2017); Cokola et al. (2021); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera littoralis (cotton leafworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Stictococcus vayssierei (cassava brown root scale) | Present, Widespread | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); Lutete et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite) | Present | | | International Institute of Entomology (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thaumastocoris peregrinus (bronze bug) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thaumatotibia leucotreta (false codling moth (FCM)) | Present | | | Bredo (1933); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid) | Present | | | Tsai (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trialeurodes ricini (castor bean whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trioza erytreae (African citrus psyllid) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Unaspis citri (citrus snow scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1962); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1973); Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus volvulus | Present | Introduced | | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Asian ambrosia beetle) | Present | Introduced | | Wood and Bright (1992); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus morigerus (brown twig beetle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Wood and Bright (1992); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Zaprionus tuberculatus | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Alopochen aegyptiaca (Egyptian goose) | Present | Native | | BirdLife International (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Astatoreochromis alluaudi (Alluaud's haplo) | Present | Introduced | | Welcomme (1988); Anon (1997); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Clarias gariepinus | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Columba livia (pigeons) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cyprinus carpio (common carp) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Gambusia holbrooki (eastern mosquitofish) | Present | | | Alemadi and Jenkins (2007); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Heterotis niloticus (African bonytongue) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Froese R and Pauly D (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lates niloticus (Nile perch) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill) | Present | Introduced | | Welcomme (1988) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) | Present | Native | | Welcomme (1988); Seebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ovis aries (sheep) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Passer domesticus (house sparrow) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Protopterus aethiopicus aethiopicus (marbled lungfish) | Present | Native | | Anon (1997); Kawabata Mihigo (1982) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Psittacula krameri (rose-ringed parakeet) | Present | | | Hecketsweiler (1990); Sibley and Monroe (1991) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Quelea quelea (weaver bird) | Present, Widespread | Native | Invasive | Craig (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rachycentron canadum (cobia) | Present | Native | | IUCN (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Sarotherodon galilaeus (mango tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Schilbe mystus (African butter catfish) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | Vos (1995); MCZ (2013); Senckenberg (2013); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Threskiornis aethiopicus (sacred ibis) | Present | Native | | Hoyo et al. (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tilapia zillii (redbelly tilapia) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tyto alba (Barn owl) | Present | Native | | Bruce (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Varanus niloticus (Nile monitor) | Present | Native | | Bayless (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Corbicula fluminalis | Present | Native | | Daget (1998); |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Theba pisana (white garden snail) | Present | | | Kayeye et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Aphelenchoides besseyi (rice leaf nematode) | Present | | | Barat et al. (1969); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Helicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2003); Kamira et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne enterolobii (Pacara earpod tree root-knot nematode) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Tigano et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | Taylor et al. (1982); CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne mayaguensis | Present | | | EPPO (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Pratylenchus coffeae (banana root nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | Geraert (1962); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode) | Present | | | ELMILIGY and GERAERT (1971); CABI and EPPO (1999); Kamira et al. (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Trichinella | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Tylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | De Grisse (1971); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Bothriocephalus acheilognathi | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | Baer and Fain (1958) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Taenia solium | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Planctomycetes [kingdom] | | Chlamydophila abortus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Azolla pinnata (mosquito fern) | Present, Localized | Native | | Exell and Wild (1960); Dyer et al. (1963); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Ceratopteris thalictroides (watersprite) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Christella dentata (soft fern) | Present | Native | | Léonard (1994); GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteridium aquilinum (bracken) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris tripartita (giant brake) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Salvinia minima | Present | | | GBIF (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Salvinia molesta (kariba weed) | Present | | | Gunn and Ritchie (1982); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon indicum (country mallow) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia auriculiformis (northern black wattle) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia crassicarpa (northern wattle) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia decurrens (green wattle) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CSIRO (2000) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia hockii | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2008); ILDIS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia mangium (brown salwood) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia polyacantha (hook thorn) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acanthospermum hispidum (bristly starbur) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Adenanthera pavonina (red-bead tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aeschynomene fluitans (giant sensitive fern) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aeschynomene indica (Indian jointvetch) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) | Present | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1979); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia chinensis (Chinese albizia) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia lebbeck (Indian siris) | Present | Introduced | | Orwa et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alectra vogelii (yellow witchweed) | Present, Few occurrences | Native | | Anota (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aleurites moluccanus (candlenut tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Oyen (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aloysia citrodora (lemon verbena) | Present | Introduced | | GRIIS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed) | Present, Localized | | | Lubini (1986); Holm et al. (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus blitum (livid amaranth) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); PROTA (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus cruentus (red amaranth) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Grubben (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus dubius (spleen amaranth) | Present | Introduced | | Grubben (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anagallis arvensis (scarlet pimpernel) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona reticulata (bullock's heart) | Present | Introduced | | Randall (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aponogeton abyssinicus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aristolochia ringens (Dutchman’s pipe) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arthraxon hispidus (small carpetgrass) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Azadirachta indica (neem tree) | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Balanites aegyptiaca (simple-thorned torchwood) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2016); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Barleria lupulina (hophead Philippine violet) | Present | Introduced | | Pauwels (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Basella alba (malabar spinach) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bauhinia monandra (Napoleon's plume) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bauhinia tomentosa (yellow bauhinia) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bauhinia variegata (mountain ebony) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens pilosa (blackjack) | Present | Introduced | | GRIIS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bixa orellana (annatto) | Present | Introduced | | Hassler (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bothriochloa bladhii (Caucasian bluestem) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica juncea (mustard) | Present | Introduced | | Warwick and Francis (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica rapa (field mustard) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | PROTA (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caesalpinia decapetala (Mysore thorn) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calotropis procera (apple of sodom) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canavalia gladiata (sword bean) | Present | Introduced | | POWO (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cascabela thevetia (yellow oleander) | Present | Introduced | | GRIIS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia grandis (pink shower) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia javanica (pink shower) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina equisetifolia (casuarina) | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus biflorus (Indian sandbur) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Gautier (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cinchona pubescens (quinine tree) | Present | Introduced | | Starr et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cissus quadrangularis (treebine) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cleome rutidosperma (fringed spiderflower) | Present | Native | | Hauman and Wilczek (1951); Wild (1960); Holm et al. (1991); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clerodendrum thomsoniae (bleeding glory bower) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coccinia grandis (scarlet-fruited ivy gourd) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cocos nucifera (coconut) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of Central Africa (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Colocasia esculenta (taro) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Combretum indicum (Rangoon creeper) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Commelina benghalensis (wandering jew) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Convolvulus arvensis (bindweed) | Present, Localized | | | Holm et al. (1977); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crassocephalum crepidioides (redflower ragleaf) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cucumis anguria (West Indian gherkin) | Present | Native | | USDA-NRCS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyanthillium cinereum (little ironweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyathula prostrata (pasture weed) | Present | Native | | PROTA (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cymbopogon nardus (citronella grass) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Ndabaneze (1989) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynodon nlemfuensis (African Bermuda-grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) | Present | | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus papyrus (papyrus) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dalbergia melanoxylon (African blackwood) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura stramonium (jimsonweed) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Delonix regia (flamboyant) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Derris elliptica (tuba root) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Desmodium incanum (creeping beggerweed) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichrostachys cinerea (sickle bush) | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dieffenbachia seguine (dumb cane) | Present | Introduced | | Flora of Central Africa (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria longiflora (false couch grass) | Present | Native | | Dujardin (1979); Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria velutina (velvet fingergrass) | Present, Localized | | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dioscorea alata (white yam) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dioscorea bulbifera (air potato) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dracaena fragrans (corn plant) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Drymaria cordata (tropical chickweed) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-pavonis (gulf cockspur grass) | Present | Native | | Flora of Central Africa (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa pyramidalis | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ehrharta erecta (panic veldtgrass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Gopal (1987); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) | Present, Planted | Native | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleocharis dulcis (Chinese water chestnut) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elephantopus mollis (elephant's foot) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleusine indica (goose grass) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia coccinea (scarlet tasselflower) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia praetermissa (yellow thistle) | Present | Native | | POWO (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis atrovirens (thalia lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Lisowski (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Etlingera elatior (torch ginger) | Present | Introduced | | Pauwels (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany) | Present | Introduced | | Orwa et al. (2009); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia tirucalli (Indian-tree spurge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia trigona (African milk weed) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia umbellata (African milk bush) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis) | Present | Native and Introduced | Invasive | Holou et al. (2013); Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flacourtia indica (governor's plum) | Present | Native | | Orwa et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flemingia macrophylla (large leaf flemingia) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Funtumia elastica (West African rubber tree) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gliricidia sepium (gliricidia) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Grevillea robusta (silky oak) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Haematoxylum campechianum (logwood) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heteropogon contortus (spear grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heterotis rotundifolia (pink lady) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2016); Pieterse (1981) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022); USDA-ARS (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyparrhenia rufa (Jaragua grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis spicigera (black sesame) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis suaveolens (pignut) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Imperata cylindrica (cogon grass) | Present, Localized | Native | | Holm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea alba (white moonflower ) | Present | Introduced | | Staples (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea aquatica (swamp morning-glory) | Present | Introduced | | Gunn and Ritchie (1982); Liengola (2001); Tembeni Makiadi et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory) | Present | Introduced | | Lejoly and Lisowski (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea hederifolia (scarlet-creeper ) | Present | Introduced | | Staples (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea hildebrandtii | Present | | | Witt and Luke (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory) | Present | Introduced | | Staples (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea nil (white edge morning-glory) | Present | Introduced | | Staples (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea quamoclit (cypress vine) | Present | Introduced | | Staples (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jasminum dichotomum (Gold Coast jasmine) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus effusus (common rush) | Present | Native | | Kirschner (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe integra (Never die) | Present | Introduced | | Burkhill (1985) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kyllinga polyphylla (navua sedge) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd) | Present | Introduced | | GRIIS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lagerstroemia indica (Indian crape myrtle) | Present | Introduced | | Pauwels (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lantana camara (lantana) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lathyrus sphaericus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lawsonia inermis (Egyptian privet) | Present | Introduced | | Orwa et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna aequinoctialis (lesser duckweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna perpusilla (duckweed) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lens ervoides | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leonotis nepetifolia (Christmas candlestick) | Present | | | Flora of Central Africa (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena diversifolia | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia octovalvis (primrose willow) | Present | | | Raven (1963) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia palustris (marsh seedbox) | Present | Native | | POWO (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Maesopsis eminii (umbrella tree) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2013); Kankonda et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melia azedarach (Chinaberry) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis repens (natal redtop) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mentha aquatica (watermint) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Miconia calvescens (miconia) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Meyer (1998) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Microstegium vimineum (Nepalese browntop) | Present | Introduced | | Scaetta (1929); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa diplotricha (giant sensitive plant) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant) | Present | Introduced | | Leavold et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morinda citrifolia (Indian mulberry) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Moringa oleifera (horse radish tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | PROTA (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murdannia nudiflora (doveweed) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1977) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mussaenda erythrophylla (red flag bush) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myroxylon balsamum (Peru balsam) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nasturtium microphyllum (one-row watercress) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Neonotonia wightii (perennial soybean) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nymphaea lotus (white Egyptian lotus) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ocimum gratissimum (African basil) | Present | Native and Introduced | | GRIIS (2018); WCSP (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oeceoclades maculata (monk orchid) | Present | Native | | Garay and Taylor (1976) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia lancifolia (calycose mille graines) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata (wild olive) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oryza longistaminata (perennial wild rice) | Present | | | Fernandes et al. (1971) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oryza punctata (wild rice) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalidium geminatum (Egyptian paspalidium) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum notatum (Bahia grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum scrobiculatum (ricegrass paspalum) | Present, Localized | Native | Invasive | Holm et al. (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum urvillei (Vasey grass) | Present | Introduced | | Schmitz (1963) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora edulis (passionfruit) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Clayton and Renvoize (1982); USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum macrourum (African feather grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum polystachion (mission grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton and Renvoize (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2013); Kankonda et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pentas lanceolata (Egyptian starcluster) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Petiveria alliacea (guinea hen weed) | Present | Introduced | | Pauwels (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phaseolus lunatus (lima bean) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllanthus urinaria (leafflower) | Present | Introduced | | Leonard (1951) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis angulata (cutleaf groundcherry) | Present | Introduced | | Mairura (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis pubescens | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus caribaea (Caribbean pine) | Present | Introduced | | FAO (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus patula (Mexican weeping pine) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); USDA-ARS (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago major (broad-leaved plantain) | Present | Introduced | | Verdcourt (1971) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Portulaca oleracea (purslane) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Portulaca quadrifida (chickenweed) | Present | Native | | PROTA (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium guajava (guava) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rauvolfia caffra (quinine tree ) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rhamphicarpa fistulosa | Present, Widespread | | | Staner (1938); Hansen (1975); Mielcarek (1996); USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ricinus communis (castor bean) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Govaerts (2014); Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Samanea saman (rain tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sansevieria trifasciata (mother-in-law’s tongue) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna alata (candle bush) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna didymobotrya (African senna) | Present | | | Witt and Luke (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna hirsuta (hairy senna) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna obtusifolia (sicklepod) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna occidentalis (coffee senna) | Present | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna septemtrionalis (smooth senna) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna siamea (yellow cassia) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna spectabilis (whitebark senna) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna surattensis (golden senna) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania punicea (red sesbania) | Present | Introduced | | Lock (1989) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania sesban (sesban) | Present | | | Usman et al. (2013); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida acuta (sida) | Present | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1977) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida linifolia (flaxleaf fanpetals) | Present | Introduced | | Royal Museum for Central Africa (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum seaforthianum (Brazilian nightshade) | Present | Introduced | | Pauwels (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum torvum (turkey berry) | Present, Localized | | | Holm et al. (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum viarum (tropical soda apple) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree) | Present | Native | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sphagneticola trilobata (wedelia) | Present | Introduced | | Henderson (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus africanus (rat’s tail grass) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus tenuissimus (tropical dropseed) | Present | Introduced | | Leonard (1951) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachytarpheta urticifolia (rattail) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | Moldenke (1980) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stenotaphrum secundatum (buffalo grass) | Present | Introduced | | Pauwels (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Striga asiatica (witch weed) | Present | Native | | McGrath et al. (1957); Mohamed et al. (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Striga gesnerioides (cowpea witchweed) | Present | | | Parker and Riches (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Striga hermonthica (witchweed) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Syzygium jambos (rose apple) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Pauwels (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tagetes erecta (Mexican marigold) | Present | Introduced | | GRIIS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarindus indica (tamarind) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tectona grandis (teak) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tephrosia candida (white tephrosia) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2013); Niyungeko et al. (1990) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Terminalia catappa (Singapore almond) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thunbergia alata (black eyed Susan) | Present | Native | | PROTA (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tithonia rotundifolia (red sunflower) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Toona ciliata (toon) | Present | Introduced | | Witt and Luke (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trachypogon spicatus (spiked crinkleawn) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triadica sebifera (Chinese tallow tree) | Present | Introduced | | GRIIS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tribulus terrestris (puncture vine) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tridax procumbens (coat buttons) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triumfetta rhomboidea (diamond burbark) | Present | Native | | COMITE EXÉCUTIF DE LA FLORE ET JARDIN BOTANIQUE DE L'ETAT, BRUXELLES. (1963) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urena lobata (caesar weed) | Present | | Naturalized | Holm et al. (1979); USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa decumbens (signal grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa distachya (signal grass) | Present | | | African Plant Database (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa mutica (para grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Utricularia gibba | Present | Native | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vallisneria spiralis (eelweed) | Present | Native | | Les et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbena brasiliensis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vigna marina (beach bean) | Present | Native | | Genesys (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xanthosoma sagittifolium (elephant ear) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Youngia japonica (oriental false hawksbeard) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | GRIIS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Mikrocystos mackini | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Tritrichomonas foetus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Trypanosoma equiperdum | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Trypanosoma evansi | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | African cassava mosaic virus (African cassava mosaic) | Present, Widespread | | | EPPO (2022); Were et al. (2003); Bisimwa et al. (2012); Muengula-Manyi et al. (2014) |
Virus | | | African horse sickness virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | African swine fever virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Arterivirus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | avian infectious bronchitis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Banana bunchy top virus (bunchy top of banana) | Present, Widespread | | Invasive | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | bluetongue virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | bovine herpesvirus 1 | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | bovine leukemia virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | camelpox virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | caprine arthritis encephalitis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Cassava brown streak viruses (cassava brown streak disease) | Present | | | Mulimbi et al. (2012); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | Cassava mosaic disease (African cassava mosaic) | Present, Widespread | | | CABI and EPPO (1998) |
Virus | | | classical swine fever virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus | Present | | | Bente et al. (2013); OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | duck hepatitis A virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | East African cassava mosaic virus | Present | | | Muengula-Manyi et al. (2014); Neuenschwander et al. (2002); Bisimwa et al. (2012) |
Virus | | | equine arteritis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | equine infectious anaemia virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | equine influenzavirus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | foot-and-mouth disease virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious bursal disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | influenza A virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Japanese encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | lumpy skin disease virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Maize streak virus (streak disease of maize) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Virus | | | myxoma virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Newcastle disease virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | peste des petits ruminants virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | rabies virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Rice yellow mottle virus | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Hubert et al. (2013); |
Virus | | | Rift Valley fever virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | rinderpest virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | spring viraemia of carp virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Sugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic) | Present | | | ISSCT (1989); Lukanda et al. (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Suid herpesvirus 1 | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (internal cork disease of sweet potato) | Present | | | Atcham et al. (1983) |
Virus | | | swine vesicular disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Taura syndrome virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1978); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | vesicular stomatitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | visna/maedi virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | West Nile virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2019) |