Tanzania

Datasheet

Tanzania

Index

Summary

Population, total
58,005,463 (2019)

GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
1,080 (2019)

GNI, Atlas method (current US$ in millions)
60,816.33 (2019)

GDP (current US$ in millions)
63,177.07 (2019)

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
28.74 (2017)

World Development Indicators. The World Bank (CC-BY 4.0) https://data.worldbank.org/ [last updated: 28 May 2021]

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List of Species

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The table lists the species recorded in the Compendium for this region(from the full species datasheets). It includes species that are invasive in this region, those for which there is no data on invasive status, and also species that are not invasive in the region but are reported as invasive elsewhere. This summary table is based on all the information available.When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the distribution record. For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Domain	Kingdom	Phylum	Species	Distribution	Origin	Invasive	References
			Cucumis dipsaceus (hedgehog gourd)	Present, Widespread	Native		Lata and Mittal (2015)
Bacteria		Actinobacteria [phylum]	Clavibacter michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2009)
Bacteria		Actinobacteria [phylum]	Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (sugarcane ratoon stunting disease)	Present			Bradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Bacteria		Actinobacteria [phylum]	Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Bacillus anthracis	Present			OIE (2020); OIE (2020)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae (lethal yellowing (LY))	Present			CABI (Undated)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) type	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Mycoplasma synoviae	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Anaplasma marginale	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Brucella abortus	Present			OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Brucella melitensis	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Brucella suis	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Candidatus Liberibacter africanus (African greening)	Present, Localized			CABI and EPPO (1998); Shimwela et al. (2016); Roberts et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (citrus greening)	Absent, Invalid presence record(s)			EPPO (2022); Shimwela et al. (2016); Roberts et al. (2017)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	citrus huanglongbing (greening) disease (citrus greening)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2019); Bové and Garnier (1994)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Ehrlichia ruminantium	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Francisella tularensis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Pasteurella multocida	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Pseudomonas cichorii (bacterial blight of endive)	Present, Widespread			Bradbury (1986); Testen et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (oleander knot)	Present		Invasive	Bradbury (1986); UK, CAB International (1987)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Ralstonia solanacearum race 1 (bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops)	Present			CABI and EPPO (1999)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Salmonella gallinarum	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Taylorella equigenitalis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (cassava bacterial blight)	Present			Nyango (1979); Bradbury (1986); UK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight)	Present			Bradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (banana xanthomonas wilt (BXW))	Present, Localized			CABI/EPPO (2013); Mgenzi et al. (2006); Carter et al. (2010); Ivey et al. (2010); Hodgetts et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas citri (citrus canker)	Present, Localized	Introduced		CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas translucens pv. cerealis (bacterial leaf streak of grasses)	Present			EPPO (2014)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens (bacterial leaf streak of barley)	Present			Bradbury (1986); CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Chromista	Oomycota	Peronosclerospora sorghi (sorghum downy mildew)	Present	Native		Doggett (1970); UK, CAB International (1988); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Chromista	Oomycota	Peronospora belbahrii (basil downy mildew)	Present			Riley (1960); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Chromista	Oomycota	Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight)	Present			UK, CAB International (1982)
Eukaryota	Chromista	Oomycota	Phytophthora vignae (Phytophthora stem rot of cowpea)	Present, Widespread			Singh et al. (1982)
Eukaryota	Chromista	Oomycota	Plasmopara viticola (grapevine downy mildew)	Present			UK, CAB International (1988)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Blumeria graminis (powdery mildew of grasses and cereals)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2004)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Claviceps africana (ergot)	Present	Introduced		Milliano et al. (1991); Mansuetus (1995); CABI and EPPO (2006); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Claviceps fusiformis (pearl millet ergot)	Present			Mbwaga et al. (1993); Thakur and King (1988); CABI and EPPO (2006); Herb IMI (undated)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Colletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry)	Present			EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2010)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Coniothyrium glycines (red leaf blotch)	Present			EPPO (2022); UK, CAB International (1991)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Cyclaneusma minus (Cyclaneusma needle-cast)	Present	Introduced		Millar and Minter (1980)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Diplodia seriata (grapevine trunk disease)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2005)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Fourie et al. (2009); CABI and EPPO (2015); Karangwa et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (Fusarium wilt)	Present, Widespread			UK, CAB International (1982); Hillocks (1984); Bridge et al. (1993); Assigbetse et al. (1994); Fernandez et al. (1994); Abo et al. (2005)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Gibberella circinata (pitch canker)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Gibberella indica (wilt of pigeon pea)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Gibberella xylarioides (coffee wilt)	Present, Localized			UK, CAB International (1970); Rutherford (2006); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Guignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot)	Absent, Confirmed absent by survey			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Mycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Sebasigari and Stover (1988); CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Mycosphaerella gibsonii (needle blight of pine)	Present			Evans (1984); Ivory (1994); UK, CAB International (1994); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Mycosphaerella pini (Dothistroma blight)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Oidium anacardii (cashew powdery mildew)	Present			Casulli (undated); Martin et al. (1997)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Phomopsis vexans (Phomopsis blight of eggplant)	Present			Riley (1960); CABI and EPPO (2008)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Pseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.)	Present			EPPO (2022); Seif and Hillocks (1993)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Sphaeropsis sapinea (Sphaeropsis blight)	Present			Riley (1960); Punithalingham and Waterston (1970); Herb IMI (undated); Sutton (undated)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Aecidium glycines	Present			CABI (Undated); Ebbels and Allen (1979)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Phakopsora pachyrhizi (soyabean rust)	Present			Murithi et al. (2014); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Phellinus noxius (brown tea root disease)	Present			CABI and EPPO (1997)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Puccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals)	Present, Localized			HARDER et al. (1972); Mgonja (1991); Hale et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aceria guerreronis (coconut mite)	Present, Widespread			CRI/UNDP (2000); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly)	Present			EPPO (2022); Mound and Halsey (1978); UK, CAB International (1995)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aleurodicus dispersus (whitefly)	Present			Guastella et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly)	Present			EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aleurotrachelus atratus (palm-infesting whitefly)	Present			Wosula et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Amblyomma variegatum (tropical bont tick)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Anoplolepis gracilipes (yellow crazy ant)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aonidiella aurantii (red scale)	Present			Bohlen (1973); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aonidiella orientalis (oriental yellow scale)	Present			UK, CAB International (1978)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale)	Present	Introduced		Bohlen (1973); UK, CAB International (1978); Nakahara (1982); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aphis craccivora (groundnut aphid)	Present			Bohlen (1973); UK, CAB International (1983)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid)	Present			UK, CAB International (1968)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Apis mellifera scutellata (africanized bee)	Present	Native		Piereira and Chaud-Netto (2005)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale)	Present			UK, CAB International (1966)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fly)	Present, Localized	Introduced	Invasive	CABI and EPPO (2003); White (2006); Mwatawala et al. (2010); Virgilio et al. (2010); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bactrocera dorsalis (Oriental fruit fly)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Mwatawala et al. (2004); Drew et al. (2005); Ekesi and Billah (2006); Mwatawala et al. (2006); White (2006); Mwatawala et al. (2007); CABI and EPPO (2008); Khamis et al. (2009); Mwatawala et al. (2009); Geurts et al. (2012); De Villiers et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bactrocera latifrons (Solanum fruit fly)	Present			Mwatawala et al. (2007); Mziray et al. (2010); Mziray et al. (2010); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bagrada hilaris (painted bug)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2016)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly)	Present			CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); Delatte et al. (2011); Legg et al. (2014); Tajebe et al. (2015); Tajebe et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bemisia tabaci (MED) (silverleaf whitefly)	Present			Tajebe et al. (2015); Tajebe et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Boophilus microplus	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Brevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite)	Present			CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Cactoblastis cactorum (cactus moth)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Callosobruchus chinensis (Chinese bruchid)	Present, Widespread			Haines (1981)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Callosobruchus maculatus (cowpea weevil)	Present, Widespread			Haines (1981)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly)	Present, Widespread	Native		Meyer (2000); Meyer et al. (2002); Mwatawala et al. (2009); CABI and EPPO (2015); Karsten et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Ceratitis rosa (Natal fruit fly)	Present	Native		Meyer et al. (2002); Mwatawala et al. (2009); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Ceroplastes destructor (white wax scale)	Present			NHM (1953); UK, CAB International (1960); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Chilo partellus (spotted stem borer)	Present			UK, CAB International (1989); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Chilo suppressalis (striped rice stem borer)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Chrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale)	Present			Bohlen (1973); UK, CAB International (1988); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale)	Present			Borchsenius (1966); UK, CAB International (1969)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm)	Present	Native	Invasive	Norris and Murray (1964); Hall et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Cinara cupressi sensu lato (Cypress aphid)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Ciesla (1991); Watson et al. (1999)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Coccidohystrix insolita (eggplant mealybug)	Present			Veilleux et al. (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm)	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Coptotermes sjostedti	Present	Native		Harris (1966)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Culex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito)	Present, Widespread		Invasive	Subra (1981)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Cylas formicarius (sweet potato weevil)	Present			UK, CAB International (1970); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Dacus bivittatus (fruit fly)	Present			Mwatawala et al. (2015); White (2006); Mwatawala et al. (2010)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Dacus ciliatus (lesser pumpkin fly)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2002); Munro (1984); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Diaphorina citri (Asian citrus psyllid)	Present			Shimwela et al. (2016); Rwomushana et al. (2017); Manrakhan et al. (2019); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Dinoderus minutus (bamboo borer)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Duponchelia fovealis (Southern European marshland pyralid)	Present			The International Barcode of Life Consortium (2016)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug)	Present			UK, CAB International (1972); Bohlen (1973); Ben-Dov (1994)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Eulachnus rileyi (pine needle aphid)	Present	Introduced		Massawe and Kisaka (1995)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Euwallacea piceus	Present	Introduced		Wood and Bright (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug)	Present			UK, CAB International (1966); Bohlen (1973); Ben-Dov (1994)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Forficula auricularia (European earwig)	Present			Steinmann (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Glycaspis brimblecombei (red gum lerp psyllid)	Present			Petro et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Gonipterus scutellatus (eucalyptus snout beetle)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Harmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Nedvěd and Háva (2016);
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm)	Present			Berg et al. (1990); UK, CAB International (1993); Minja et al. (1999); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips)	Present			UK, CAB International (1961)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Hemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale)	Present			UK, CAB International (1976); Mitchell and Ironside (1982)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Hemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale (USA))	Present			NHM (undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Heteropsylla cubana (leucaena psyllid)	Present			FAO (1994)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Hypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer)	Present			Fernie and Langley (1966); Cristancho et al. (2007); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	UK, CAB International (1971); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia)	Present			UK, CAB International (1957)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Leptocybe invasa (blue gum chalcid)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Roux (2005); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Liriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Liriomyza sativae (vegetable leaf miner)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Liriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer)	Present			Deeming (1992); CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Maconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug)	Present	Introduced		Williams (1986); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Macrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid)	Present	Introduced		UK, CAB International (1984)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Maliarpha separatella (African white rice borer)	Present			Nye (1960)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Mononychellus tanajoa (cassava green mite)	Present, Widespread			Markham et al. (1987); Yaninek (1988); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Myzus persicae (green peach aphid)	Present			UK, CAB International (1979); Remaudiere and Autrique (1985); Millar (1994); Nono-Womdim et al. (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Nezara viridula (green stink bug)	Present			UK, CAB International (1970); Bohlen (1973)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Nipaecoccus viridis (spherical mealybug)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2005); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Nomadacris septemfasciata (red locust)	Present, Widespread			Anderson (1911); Morstatt (1913); Miller (1925); Miller (1929); Harris (1933); Symmons (1959); Robertson and Chapman (1962); Anderson (1964)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Orseolia oryzivora (African rice gall midge)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (cotton, seed bug)	Present			EPPO (2022); Samy (1969); Luhanga and Kayange (1979)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Paracoccus marginatus (papaya mealybug)	Present			IITA (2015)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Paratrechina longicornis (crazy ant)	Present			Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Pectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm)	Present			Kabissa (1990); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Penaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn)	Present	Native		Holthuis (1980); Dore and Frimodt (1987)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Pheidole megacephala (big-headed ant)	Present	Native	Invasive	Wheeler (1922)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Phenacoccus manihoti (cassava mealybug)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Herren and Neuenschwander (1991); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Phryneta leprosa	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Phthorimaea absoluta (tomato leafminer)	Present, Localized	Introduced		IPPC (2018); Chidege et al. (2016); Rakha et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth)	Present			Parker and Hunt (1989); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Phyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner)	Present			Bohlen (1973); UK, CAB International (1986); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Pineus boerneri (pine woolly aphid)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	CABI (Undated);
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Pineus pini (pine woolly aphid)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Madoffe and Austarǻ (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug)	Present			De Lotto (1964); CABI and EPPO (1999)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Planococcus kenyae (coffee mealybug)	Present, Localized			De Lotto (1964); Pelley (1968); Bohlen (1973); Cox (1989); CABI and EPPO (2001); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth)	Present			UK, CAB International (1967)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Polyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite)	Present			UK, CAB International (1986)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Portunus segnis	Present	Native		Kyomo (1999); Stephenson (1972)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Prostephanus truncatus (larger grain borer)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Hodges (1986); UK, CAB International (1995); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Quadrastichus erythrinae (Erythrina gall wasp)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Raoiella indica (red palm mite)	Present			Zannou et al. (2010); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Rhyzopertha dominica (lesser grain borer)	Present			Hodges et al. (1983)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Saissetia oleae (olive scale)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Scirtothrips aurantii (South African citrus thrips)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Scyphophorus acupunctatus (agave weevil)	Present			Harris (1934); Harris (1936); Harris (1943); Lock (1958); Wienik (1967); MATERU and HOPKINSON (1969); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated);
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Sitophilus oryzae (lesser grain weevil)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Sitophilus zeamais (greater grain weevil)	Present			Champ and Dyte (1976)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Sitotroga cerealella (grain moth)	Present			Henckes (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Spodoptera exempta (black armyworm)	Present			UK, CAB International (1972); Haggis (1984); Rose et al. (1996); Pogue (2002); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Day et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Spodoptera littoralis (cotton leafworm)	Present			UK, CAB International (1967); Othim et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Sternochetus mangiferae (mango seed weevil)	Present			Mansfield-aders (1920); Le Pelley (1959); Swaine (1961); Mulungu et al. (2008); Lynegaard et al. (2014); Abdulla et al. (2015); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Tapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant)	Present	Introduced		Wetterer (2009)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite)	Present			International Institute of Entomology (1996)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Thaumastocoris peregrinus (bronze bug)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	CABI and EPPO (2017); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Thaumatotibia leucotreta (false codling moth (FCM))	Present	Native		CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid)	Present			CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Trioza erytreae (African citrus psyllid)	Present, Localized			Bohlen (1973); Shimwela et al. (2016); Manrakhan et al. (2019); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Trogoderma granarium (khapra beetle)	Absent, Formerly present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	UK, CAB International (1973); Wood and Bright (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xyleborus similis	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Wood and Bright (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xyleborus volvulus	Present	Introduced		Wood and Bright (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Asian ambrosia beetle)	Present	Introduced		Wood and Bright (1992); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Zaprionus tuberculatus	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Alopochen aegyptiaca (Egyptian goose)	Present	Native		BirdLife International (2009)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Astatoreochromis alluaudi (Alluaud's haplo)	Present	Native		Anon (1997); MCZ (2013)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Bos taurus (cattle)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Bubalus bubalis (Asian water buffalo)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		Cockrill (1977)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Camelus dromedarius (dromedary camel)	Present, Localized			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Capra hircus (goats)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Clarias gariepinus	Present	Native		Teugels (1986)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Columba livia (pigeons)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Corvus splendens (house crow)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Ryall (2010); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Ctenopharyngodon idella (grass carp)	Present	Introduced		Shireman and Smith (1983); FAO (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Cyprinus carpio (common carp)	Present	Introduced		Froese and Pauly (2021); Costa Pierce et al. (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Herpestes auropunctatus (small Indian mongoose)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Long (2003)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Lates niloticus (Nile perch)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Pringle (2005); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Lutjanus kasmira (blueline snapper)	Present, Widespread	Native		Allen (1985)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Micropterus dolomieu (smallmouth bass)	Present	Introduced		Froese and Pauly (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			Eccles (1992); Froese and Pauly (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Myocastor coypus (coypu)	Present	Introduced		Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017); Eccles (1992); Froese and Pauly (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia)	Present	Native		Pullin et al. (1997); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); Ogutu-Ohwayo (1990); Ogutu-Ohwayo and Hecky (1991); Twongo (1995); Pullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Ovis aries (sheep)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Passer domesticus (house sparrow)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Poecilia reticulata (guppy)	Present	Introduced		Froese and Pauly (2007)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Protopterus aethiopicus aethiopicus (marbled lungfish)	Present	Native		Anon (1997)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Psittacula krameri (rose-ringed parakeet)	Absent, Formerly present			Baker (1990); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Quelea quelea (weaver bird)	Present, Widespread	Native	Invasive	Craig (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Rachycentron canadum (cobia)	Present	Native		IUCN (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Rattus rattus (black rat)	Present, Localized	Introduced	Invasive	Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Salmo trutta (sea trout)	Present	Introduced		Eccles (1992); Froese and Pauly (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Schilbe mystus (African butter catfish)	Present	Native		Eccles (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Siganus luridus (dusky spinefoot)	Present	Native		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Styela plicata (pleated sea squirt)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Suncus murinus (Asian house shrew)	Present	Introduced		Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Threskiornis aethiopicus (sacred ibis)	Present	Native		Hoyo et al. (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Tilapia zillii (redbelly tilapia)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017); Eccles (1992); Froese and Pauly (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Trioceros jacksonii (Jackson’s chameleon)	Present, Widespread	Native		Mertens (1966); Eason et al. (1988); Tilbury and Tolley (2009)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Tyto alba (Barn owl)	Present	Native		Bruce (1999)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Varanus niloticus (Nile monitor)	Present	Native		Bayless (2002); Spawls et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Cnidaria	Tubastraea coccinea (orange-cup coral)	Present			Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Echinodermata	Acanthaster planci (crown-of-thorns starfish)	Present			Appeltans et al. (2012)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Achatina fulica (giant African land snail)	Present, Widespread	Native		Emberton et al. (1997); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Arcuatula senhousia (Asian date mussel)	Present	Introduced		Mastrototaro et al. (2003)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Corbicula fluminalis	Present	Native		Daget (1998);
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Helisoma duryi	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Marisa cornuarietis (giant ramshorn)	Present, Localized	Introduced		Msangi and Kihauli (1972); Nguma et al. (1982); Brown (1994); Cowie and Hayes (2012); Horgan et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Melanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania)	Present	Native		Brown (1994)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Aphelenchoides besseyi (rice leaf nematode)	Present, Widespread			Taylor et al. (1972); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Helicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode)	Present, Widespread			CABI and EPPO (2003)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Meloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2003)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Meloidogyne decalineata (African coffee root-knot nematode)	Present, Localized			Whitehead (1969); CABI (Undated);
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Meloidogyne ethiopica (Root-knot nematode)	Present	Native		Whitehead (1968); Whitehead (1969); O'Bannon (1975); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Meloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode)	Present			Whitehead (1969); Swai et al. (1996); CABI and EPPO (2002)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode)	Present, Widespread			Ahmed (1975); Taylor et al. (1982); CABI and EPPO (2002)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Meloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm)	Present, Widespread			Ahmed (1975); Ebbels and Allen (1979); CABI and EPPO (2002)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Pratylenchus coffeae (banana root nematode)	Present, Widespread			CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Pratylenchus goodeyi (banana lesion nematode)	Present			Bridge (1988); CABI and EPPO (2000)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode)	Present, Localized			Ngundo and Taylor (1973); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Scutellonema bradys (yam nematode)	Present			Coyne et al. (2016); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Tylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode)	Present, Widespread			Taylor and Ngundo (1973); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Platyhelminthes	Echinococcus	Present			OIE (2012)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Platyhelminthes	Echinococcus granulosus	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Platyhelminthes	Echinococcus multilocularis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Platyhelminthes	Taenia solium	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Chlorophyta	Caulerpa taxifolia (killer algae)	Present	Introduced		Guiry and Guiry (2008)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Chlorophyta	Ulva pertusa	Present			Jaasund (1976)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Chlorophyta	Ulva reticulata (ribbon sea lettuce)	Present	Native		Silva et al. (1996); Lugendo et al. (2001); Semesi et al. (2001); Msuya et al. (2006)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Adiantum capillus-veneris	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Adiantum hispidulum (rosy maidenhair fern)	Present, Localized	Native		Schelpe and Anthony (1986)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Adiantum raddianum (delta maidenhair fern)	Present	Introduced		CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Azolla filiculoides (water fern)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Azolla pinnata (mosquito fern)	Present, Localized	Native		Dyer et al. (1963)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Ceratopteris thalictroides (watersprite)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Christella dentata (soft fern)	Present, Widespread	Native		GBIF (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Cyathea cooperi (australian tree fern)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Lygodium microphyllum (old world climbing fern)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Pteridium aquilinum (bracken)	Present, Localized	Native		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Pteris tripartita (giant brake)	Present	Native		National Museum of Natural History (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Pteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Salvinia molesta (kariba weed)	Present			Taylor (1993); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Thelypteris opulenta (jewelled maiden fern)	Present			Fosberg and Sachet (1972)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Rhodophyta	Acanthophora spicifera	Present	Native		Oliveira et al. (2005); Silva et al. (1996)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Rhodophyta	Eucheuma spp.	Present	Native		Lirasan and Twide (1993); Ask and Azanza (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Rhodophyta	Gracilaria salicornia	Present	Native		Silva et al. (1996); Oliveira et al. (2005)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Rhodophyta	Hypnea musciformis	Present	Native		Silva et al. (1996); Oliveira et al. (2005)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Rhodophyta	Kappaphycus	Present	Introduced		Lirasan and Twide (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)	Present			Tajebe et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Abutilon hirtum (Indian mallow)	Present	Native		Achigan-Dako (2010)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Abutilon indicum (country mallow)	Present	Introduced		Moreau and Moreau (1931)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia angustissima (prairie acacia)	Present	Introduced		Rubanza et al. (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia auriculiformis (northern black wattle)	Present, Planted	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002); Kotiluoto et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia colei	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia crassicarpa (northern wattle)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia dealbata (acacia bernier)	Present, Planted	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia decurrens (green wattle)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Randall (2012); CSIRO (2000); USDA-ARS (2016); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia farnesiana (huisache)	Present, Planted	Introduced		ILDIS (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia hockii	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Native		Missouri Botanical Garden (2008); ILDIS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia longifolia (golden wattle)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia mangium (brown salwood)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Aguiar Júnior et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia mearnsii (black wattle)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Kessy (1987); ILDIS (2002); Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia melanoxylon (Australian blackwood)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Streets (1962); ILDIS (2002); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia mellifera (blackthorn)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia nilotica (gum arabic tree)	Present, Planted	Native		ILDIS (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia podalyriifolia (pearl acacia)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia polyacantha (hook thorn)	Present			Obiri (2011); USDA-ARS (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia saligna (coojong)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Weeds of Australia (2016); ILDIS (2007); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acanthospermum australe (spiny-bur)	Present, Localized	Introduced		GBIF (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acanthospermum hispidum (bristly starbur)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Terry and Michieka (1987); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Achyranthes aspera (devil's horsewhip)	Present, Widespread	Native	Invasive	Ivens (1967); Townsend (1985)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acmella uliginosa (marsh para cress)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acrocarpus fraxinifolius (shingle tree)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Adenanthera pavonina (red-bead tree)	Present, Planted	Introduced		ILDIS (2002); Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Aeschynomene fluitans (giant sensitive fern)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Agave americana (century plant)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); BioNET-EAFRINET (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Agave sisalana (sisal hemp)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	ISSG (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Agave vivipara (Caribbean agave)	Present, Widespread			Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	BioNET-EAFRINET (2016); Holm et al. (1979); Kashina et al. (2002); Kashina et al. (2003); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ageratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	BioNET-EAFRINET (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Aira caryophyllea (silver hairgrass)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Albizia chinensis (Chinese albizia)	Present, Planted	Introduced		GBIF (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Albizia lebbeck (Indian siris)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Albizia procera (white siris)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009); World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Alectra vogelii (yellow witchweed)	Present, Widespread	Native		Philcox (1990); Mbwaga (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Aleurites moluccanus (candlenut tree)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		Oyen (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Allamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Aloe vera (true aloe)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Alternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed)	Present, Localized			Welsh and Denny (1978); Holm et al. (1991); Kashina et al. (2002); PROTA (2014); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Alysicarpus vaginalis (alyce clover)	Present	Native		Duke (1981); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Amaranthus blitum (livid amaranth)	Present			Holm et al. (1979); Townsend (1985); PROTA (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Amaranthus cruentus (red amaranth)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		Grubben (2004)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Amaranthus dubius (spleen amaranth)	Present	Introduced		Grubben (2004)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Amaranthus hybridus (smooth pigweed)	Present, Widespread			Townsend (1985); Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth)	Present			Holm et al. (1977); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Amaranthus viridis (slender amaranth)	Present			Townsend (1985); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Anagallis arvensis (scarlet pimpernel)	Present			IVENS (1967)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Annona cherimola (cherimoya)	Present			Mwatawala et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Annona muricata (soursop)	Present			Tanga et al. (2016); Mwatawala et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Annona reticulata (bullock's heart)	Present			Mwatawala et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Annona squamosa (sugar apple)	Present	Introduced		USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009); Tanga et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Anredera cordifolia (Madeira vine)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Antigonon leptopus (coral vine)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); BioNET-EAFRINET (2011); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Aponogeton abyssinicus	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Areca catechu (betelnut palm)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Arenga pinnata (sugar palm)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Terry and Michieka (1987); Katagira (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Argemone ochroleuca (pale Mexican pricklypoppy)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Henderson (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Arthraxon hispidus (small carpetgrass)	Present	Native		Clayton and Renvoize (1982)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017); Tanga et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Arundo donax (giant reed)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	BioNET-EAFRINET (2014); Chandhuri and Ghosal (1970); Bell (1993); Bell (1997); Christou et al. (2001); Boland (2006)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Asparagus asparagoides (bridal creeper)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Asparagus densiflorus (asparagus fern)	Present	Native		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Asparagus falcatus (sicklethorn)	Present	Native		PROTA (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Asparagus setaceus (asparagus fern)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Asystasia gangetica (chinese violet)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Austrocylindropuntia subulata (Eve’s needle cactus)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Henderson (2002); Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Avena fatua (wild oat)	Present			Holm et al. (1977)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Avena sterilis (winter wild oat)	Present			Ivens (1989)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Averrhoa bilimbi (bilimbi)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Axonopus fissifolius	Present	Introduced		GBIF (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Azadirachta indica (neem tree)	Present, Planted	Introduced	Invasive	World Agroforestry Centre (2002); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Balanites aegyptiaca (simple-thorned torchwood)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bambusa vulgaris (common bamboo)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Barleria prionitis (porcupine flower)	Present	Native		PROTA (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Barringtonia asiatica (sea poison tree)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Basella alba (malabar spinach)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bauhinia monandra (Napoleon's plume)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bauhinia tomentosa (yellow bauhinia)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bauhinia variegata (mountain ebony)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bidens pilosa (blackjack)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	BioNET-EAFRINET (2016); Chhabra et al. (1993); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Biserrula pelecinus	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bixa orellana (annatto)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bocconia frutescens (plume poppy)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Boerhavia coccinea (scarlet spiderling)	Present	Introduced		Whitehouse (1996); USDA-ARS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Boerhavia diffusa (red spiderling)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1979); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bothriochloa bladhii (Caucasian bluestem)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bougainvillea spectabilis (great bougainvillea)	Present	Introduced		Grandtner and Chevrette (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Brassica juncea (mustard)	Present	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Brassica rapa (field mustard)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Brillantaisia lamium (brillantaisia)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bromus diandrus (great brome)	Present	Introduced		Clayton (1970)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Brugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Lusweti et al. (2014); GBIF (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bryophyllum fedtschenkoi (lavender-scallops)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bryophyllum proliferum (blooming boxes)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Buddleja madagascariensis (smokebush)	Present	Introduced		BioNET-EAFRINET (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Caesalpinia decapetala (Mysore thorn)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2002); BioNET-EAFRINET (2011); Tanga et al. (2016); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Calliandra houstoniana (calliandra)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Calliandra houstoniana var. calothyrsus (calliandra)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	BioNET-EAFRINET (2014); Witt et al. (2018); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Calophyllum inophyllum (Alexandrian laurel)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2012); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Calotropis gigantea (Yercum fibre)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Calotropis procera (apple of sodom)	Present	Native	Invasive	USDA-ARS (2003); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cananga odorata (ylang-ylang)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		Hanelt et al. (2001); Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Canavalia cathartica	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Canavalia gladiata (sword bean)	Present	Introduced		POWO (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Canna indica (canna lilly)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Missouri Botanical Garden (2008)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Canna x generalis (canna lily)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Capsella bursa-pastoris (shepherd's purse)	Present	Introduced		Ivens (1971)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Capsicum annuum (bell pepper)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017); Jorge Junior et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	BioNET-EAFRINET (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	BioNET-EAFRINET (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cascabela thevetia (yellow oleander)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Mwatawala et al. (2009); Witt et al. (2018); GRIIS (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cassia fistula (Indian laburnum)	Present	Introduced		Grace et al. (2012); ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cassia grandis (pink shower)	Present, Planted	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Castilla elastica (Mexican rubber tree)	Present, Localized	Introduced	Invasive	Tropical Biology Association (2013); Greenway (1934); Richard (2007); Dawson et al. (2008); Edward et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Casuarina cunninghamiana (Australian beefwood)	Present	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Casuarina equisetifolia (casuarina)	Present, Planted	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Casuarina glauca (scaly oak (Australia))	Present, Planted	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); BioNET-EAFRINET (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cedrela odorata (Spanish cedar)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Haysom and Murphy (2003)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cenchrus biflorus (Indian sandbur)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass)	Present	Native		Cook et al. (2005)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Centella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ceratophyllum demersum (coontail)	Present			UK, Kew Herbarium (2010)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cereus jamacaru (Queen of the Night)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cestrum aurantiacum (orange cestrum)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cestrum elegans (purple cestrum)	Present		Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cestrum nocturnum (night jessamine)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chenopodium album (fat hen)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chenopodium murale (nettleleaf goosefoot)	Present			Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chloris barbata (purpletop chloris)	Present			Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chloris gayana (Rhodes grass)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2020); Clayton et al. (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chloris virgata (feather finger grass)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Kashina et al. (2002); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cinchona pubescens (quinine tree)	Present	Introduced		PURSEGLOVE (1968); Missouri Botanical Garden (2003)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cinnamomum camphora (camphor laurel)	Present, Planted	Introduced		Mugasha (1978); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cinnamomum verum (cinnamon)	Present	Introduced		USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cissus quadrangularis (treebine)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Citrus aurantiifolia (lime)	Present			Tanga et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cleome gynandra	Present	Native		Mishra et al. (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cleome rutidosperma (fringed spiderflower)	Present	Native		Elffers et al. (1964); Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Clidemia hirta (Koster's curse)	Present, Localized	Introduced	Invasive	Sheil (1994); Missouri Botanical Garden (2007); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Clitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea)	Present	Native		ILDIS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Coccinia grandis (scarlet-fruited ivy gourd)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cocos nucifera (coconut)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2014); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears)	Present	Introduced		Clayton and Renvoize (1982)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Colocasia esculenta (taro)	Present	Introduced		Safo-Kantaka (2004)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Combretum indicum (Rangoon creeper)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Commelina benghalensis (wandering jew)	Present, Localized			Holm et al. (1977); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Commelina diffusa (spreading dayflower)	Present			Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Conyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane)	Present	Introduced		Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Conyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane)	Present			Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cordia alliodora (Ecuador laurel)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Corymbia citriodora (lemon-scented gum)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2014); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Jansen (2005); Beentje and Hind (2005); USDA-ARS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Crassocephalum crepidioides (redflower ragleaf)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Crotalaria retusa (rattleweed)	Present			ILDIS (2013); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Crypsis schoenoides (swamp pricklegrass)	Present	Native		eMonocot (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Crypsis vaginiflora (African pricklegrass)	Present	Native		eMonocot (2015); Flora Zambesiaca (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cryptostegia grandiflora (rubber vine)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cryptostegia madagascariensis (Madagascar rubbervine)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cucumis anguria (West Indian gherkin)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cuscuta campestris (field dodder)	Present	Introduced		Verdcourt (1963)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyanthillium cinereum (little ironweed)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyathula prostrata (pasture weed)	Present	Native		PROTA (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass)	Present			Williams (1949)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cymbopogon nardus (citronella grass)	Present			Ssegawa (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)	Present, Widespread	Native		Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cynodon nlemfuensis (African Bermuda-grass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cynodon plectostachyus (African stargrass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus compressus (annual sedge)	Present			Haines and Lye (1983)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge)	Present, Widespread			Terry (1978); Govaerts (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1979); Govaerts (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus iria (rice flatsedge)	Present			Haines and Lye (1983)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus papyrus (papyrus)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge)	Present			Holm et al. (1979); Govaerts (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot)	Present, Localized	Introduced		Clayton (1970)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2016); Clayton et al. (1974)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dactyloctenium australe	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dahlia imperialis (bell tree dahlia)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dalbergia melanoxylon (African blackwood)	Present			Tanga et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dalbergia sissoo	Present, Planted	Introduced		ILDIS (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Datura ferox (fierce thornapple)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Lusweti et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Datura metel (Hindu datura)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Lusweti et al. (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Datura stramonium (jimsonweed)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Holm et al. (1979); Blundell (1992); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Delonix regia (flamboyant)	Present, Planted	Introduced		ILDIS (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Derris elliptica (tuba root)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Desmodium incanum (creeping beggerweed)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Desmodium uncinatum (Silver-leaf desmodium)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dichanthium annulatum (Kleberg's bluestem)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dichanthium aristatum (angelton bluestem)	Present	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dichanthium caricosum (nadi blue grass)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dichrostachys cinerea (sickle bush)	Present	Native		World Agroforestry Centre (2005)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria abyssinica (East African couchgrass)	Present, Localized			Terry and Michieka (1987); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass)	Present			Clayton and Renvoize (1982); Clayton et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria fuscescens (yellow crab grass)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria longiflora (false couch grass)	Present, Widespread	Native		Clayton and Renvoize (1982); USDA-ARS (2003)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria velutina (velvet fingergrass)	Present, Localized		Invasive	Clayton and Renvoize (1982); Terry and Michieka (1987); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dioscorea alata (white yam)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dioscorea bulbifera (air potato)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dioscorea cayenensis (Guinea yam)	Present			Coyne et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); BioNET-EAFRINET (2016); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dovyalis caffra (kei apple)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dracaena fragrans (corn plant)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Drymaria cordata (tropical chickweed)	Present	Introduced		Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Duranta erecta (golden dewdrop)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Echinochloa colona (junglerice)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass)	Present	Introduced		Clayton and Renvoize (1982); Holm et al. (1991); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Echinochloa crus-pavonis (gulf cockspur grass)	Present			Tropicos (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Echinochloa pyramidalis	Present	Native		Clayton and Renvoize (1982)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Echium plantagineum (Paterson's curse)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eclipta prostrata (eclipta)	Present			Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ehrharta erecta (panic veldtgrass)	Present	Native		Napper (1965); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Mallya et al. (2001); Witt et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); USA, USDA-ARS (2008)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eleocharis dulcis (Chinese water chestnut)	Present			Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Elephantopus mollis (elephant's foot)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eleusine indica (goose grass)	Present, Widespread	Native		Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Emex australis (Doublegee)	Present	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Emilia coccinea (scarlet tasselflower)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Emilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Epipremnum pinnatum (centipede tongavine)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Darwin Initiative Project (2006)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis atrovirens (thalia lovegrass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis ciliaris (gophertail lovegrass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis curvula (weeping lovegrass)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis lehmanniana (Lehmann lovegrass)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis papposa	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Erigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Beentje (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eriobotrya japonica (loquat)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017); Mwatawala et al. (2009); PROTA (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Erythrina berteroana (coralbean)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eucalyptus paniculata (grey ironbark)	Present, Planted	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2014); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)	Present			Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Euphorbia hirta (garden spurge)	Present			Holm et al. (1979); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Euphorbia tirucalli (Indian-tree spurge)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2016); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Euphorbia umbellata (African milk bush)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Euryops chrysanthemoides (African bush daisy)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Fallopia convolvulus (black bindweed)	Present			Holm et al. (1977); Holm et al. (1979); Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ficus benghalensis (banyan)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ficus carica (common fig)	Present			Mwatawala et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Fimbristylis dichotoma (tall fringe rush)	Present			Haines and Lye (1983)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Fimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis)	Present	Native and Introduced	Invasive	Haines and Lye (1983); Holm et al. (1991); Govaerts (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Flacourtia indica (governor's plum)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014); Mwatawala et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Flemingia macrophylla (large leaf flemingia)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Flemingia strobilifera (wild hops)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Funtumia elastica (West African rubber tree)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Furcraea foetida (Mauritius hemp)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Harris (1936)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier)	Present, Widespread			Owenya et al. (1987); Moyer et al. (1989); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Galinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Gleditsia triacanthos (honey locust)	Present, Planted	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Gliricidia sepium (gliricidia)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2002); WAC (2005); PROTA (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Gmelina arborea (candahar)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Orwa et al. (2009); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Gomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Gomphrena globosa (globe amaranth)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Grevillea robusta (silky oak)	Present	Introduced		Mbuya et al. (1994); World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Haematoxylum campechianum (logwood)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Halophila stipulacea (halophila seagrass)	Present	Native		GBIF (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Helianthus annuus (sunflower)	Present			Tajebe et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Heliotropium indicum (Indian heliotrope)	Present			Holm et al. (1977)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Heliotropium supinum	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Heteropogon contortus (spear grass)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Heterotis rotundifolia (pink lady)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hevea brasiliensis (rubber)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hibiscus trionum (Venice mallow)	Present			Holm et al. (1997)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hovenia dulcis	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hura crepitans (sand box)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla)	Present, Localized			Holm et al. (1979); Govaerts (2016); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort)	Present			USDA-ARS (2004); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hylocereus undatus (dragon fruit)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hyparrhenia rufa (Jaragua grass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hyptis spicigera (black sesame)	Present	Introduced		Roskov et al. (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hyptis suaveolens (pignut)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); GBIF (2016); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Impatiens walleriana (busy lizzy)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Imperata cylindrica (cogon grass)	Present, Localized	Native	Invasive	Holm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Indigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2013); Tanga et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Indigofera tinctoria (true indigo)	Present	Native		Bisby et al. (1994); USDA-ARS (2013); ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Indigofera trita (Asian indigo)	Present	Native		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea alba (white moonflower )	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea aquatica (swamp morning-glory)	Present	Introduced		Ritoine et al. (1981); Anderson (1964); Vainio-Mattila (2000); Makokha et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea cairica (five-fingered morning glory)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018); POWO (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea carnea	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory)	Present	Introduced		Lejoly and Lisowski (1992)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea hederifolia (scarlet-creeper )	Present, Localized	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017); Staples (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea hildebrandtii	Present		Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); USDA-ARS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea nil (white edge morning-glory)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017); Staples (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea ochracea (fence morning-glory)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea purpurea (tall morning glory)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea quamoclit (cypress vine)	Present	Introduced		Staples (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ischaemum rugosum (saramollagrass)	Present			Clayton and Renvoize (1982); Clayton et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ixora finlaysoniana (white jungle flame)	Present	Introduced		Mouly et al. (2009); African Plant Database (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Jacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); GBIF (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Jasminum dichotomum (Gold Coast jasmine)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Jasminum fluminense (Brazilian jasmine)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Jatropha curcas (jatropha)	Present	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2008)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Jatropha gossypiifolia (bellyache bush)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Juncus effusus (common rush)	Present	Native		Kirschner (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Kalanchoe beharensis (elephant’s ear kalanchoe)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Kalanchoe daigremontiana (devil's backbone)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Kalanchoe delagoensis (chandelier plant)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	BioNET-EAFRINET (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Kalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017); Wickens (1987)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Kyllinga nemoralis (white kyllinga)	Present	Native		Kumar (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Kyllinga polyphylla (navua sedge)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lagerstroemia speciosa (Pride of India)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lantana camara (lantana)	Present, Widespread		Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Holm et al. (1979); Shackleton et al. (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lathyrus sphaericus	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Launaea intybacea (bitter lettuce)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lawsonia inermis (Egyptian privet)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leersia hexandra (southern cut grass)	Present			Clayton (1970)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lemna aequinoctialis (lesser duckweed)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lemna perpusilla (duckweed)	Present			GBIF (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leonotis nepetifolia (Christmas candlestick)	Present			GBIF (2015); Tajebe et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leptochloa chinensis (Chinese sprangletop)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leptochloa fusca (sprangletop)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leucaena diversifolia	Present	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Cronk and Fuller (1995); Hughes (1998); Hughes (1998); ILDIS (2007); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leucanthemum vulgare (oxeye daisy)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ludwigia octovalvis (primrose willow)	Present			Raven (1963)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Luffa acutangula (angled luffa)	Present			Mwatawala et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Luffa aegyptiaca (loofah)	Present			Zipcode Zoo (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Maesopsis eminii (umbrella tree)	Present, Planted	Introduced	Invasive	CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Malvaviscus penduliflorus (Turk's cap mallow)	Present	Introduced		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mangifera indica (mango)	Present, Planted	Introduced	Naturalized	Orwa et al. (2009); Mwatawala et al. (2009); Tanga et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Manilkara zapota (sapodilla)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Medicago laciniata	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Medicago lupulina (black medick)	Present			ILDIS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass)	Present	Native		Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Melaleuca quinquenervia (paperbark tree)	Present, Planted	Introduced		CABI (2005)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Melia azedarach (Chinaberry)	Present, Localized	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Melilotus albus (honey clover)	Present	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2003)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Melinis repens (natal redtop)	Present	Native		GBIF (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mentha aquatica (watermint)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Merremia peltata	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mimosa diplotricha (giant sensitive plant)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); ILDIS (2001); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Brenan (1959); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Legère (2003); BioNET-EAFRINET (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Momordica balsamina (common balsam apple)	Present	Native		POWO (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Momordica charantia (bitter gourd)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Montanoa hibiscifolia (tree daisy)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Moorochloa eruciformis (sweet signal grass)	Present	Native		Quattrocchi (2006)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Moringa oleifera (horse radish tree)	Present, Planted	Introduced		PROTA (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Morus alba (mora)	Present			CABI (Undated); Tanga et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1979); ILDIS (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Muntingia calabura (Jamaica cherry)	Present	Introduced		Verdcourt (2001)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Murdannia nudiflora (doveweed)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Holm et al. (1977)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Murraya paniculata (orange jessamine)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mussaenda erythrophylla (red flag bush)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Myriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Myroxylon balsamum (Peru balsam)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Nelsonia canescens (blue pussyleaf)	Present	Native		Vollesen (1994)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Neonotonia wightii (perennial soybean)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Nerium oleander (oleander)	Present	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Nicandra physalodes (apple of Peru)	Present			Terry and Michieka (1987)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	BioNET-EAFRINET (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Nymphaea lotus (white Egyptian lotus)	Present			CABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ocimum gratissimum (African basil)	Present	Native		WCSP (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Odontonema cuspidatum (Cardinal’s guard)	Present	Introduced		Brunken et al. (2008)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oeceoclades maculata (monk orchid)	Present	Native		Garay and Taylor (1976)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oldenlandia lancifolia (calycose mille graines)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata (wild olive)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oplismenus hirtellus subsp. undulatifolius (wavyleaf basketgrass)	Present			GBIF (2012); USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Opuntia cochenillifera (cochineal cactus)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Opuntia engelmannii (cactus apple)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Opuntia microdasys (angel's wings)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Opuntia monacantha (common prickly pear)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Opuntia stricta (erect prickly pear)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); BioNET-EAFRINET (2018); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Orobanche cernua (nodding broomrape)	Present	Native		Graham (1957)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Orobanche minor (common broomrape)	Present	Native		Holm et al. (1979); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Orobanche ramosa (branched broomrape)	Present			Graham (1957)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oryza barthii	Present	Native		GBIF (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oryza longistaminata (perennial wild rice)	Present			Clayton (1970)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oryza punctata (wild rice)	Present	Native		Clayton (1970); Ivens (1989); Faluyi and Nwokeocha (1993); USDA-ARS (2003)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oryza rufipogon (wild rice)	Present			Chen (2001)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oxalis corniculata (creeping woodsorrel)	Present			Q-bank (2013); Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oxalis latifolia (sorrel)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Panicum repens (torpedo grass)	Present	Native		Clayton and Renvoize (1982)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Parkinsonia aculeata (Mexican palo-verde)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Brenan (1967); Tanga et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Parmentiera aculeata (cucumber tree)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		Bidgood et al. (2006)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	McConnachie et al. (2011); Witt et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalidium geminatum (Egyptian paspalidium)	Present	Native		Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012); Lind et al. (1974); Welsh and Denny (1978)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2018); Clayton and Renvoize (1982)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalum dilatatum (dallisgrass)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalum notatum (Bahia grass)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalum scrobiculatum (ricegrass paspalum)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2003); Voorthuizen (1970)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Passiflora edulis (passionfruit)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Passiflora foetida (red fruit passion flower)	Present			Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Passiflora quadrangularis (giant granadilla)	Present	Introduced		POWO (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Passiflora suberosa (corkystem passionflower)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); GBIF (2012); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Passiflora subpeltata (white passionflower)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Peltophorum pterocarpum (copperpod)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass)	Present, Localized	Native	Invasive	Clayton and Renvoize (1982); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pennisetum macrourum (African feather grass)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2003)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pennisetum pedicellatum (deenanath grass)	Present, Widespread	Native	Invasive	Heper (1972); Poilecot (1995)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pennisetum polystachion (mission grass)	Present	Native		Clayton and Renvoize (1982)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pennisetum setaceum (fountain grass)	Present	Native		GBIF (2012); USDA-ARS (2012); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pentas lanceolata (Egyptian starcluster)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass)	Present	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Phaseolus lunatus (lima bean)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Physalis angulata (cutleaf groundcherry)	Present	Introduced		Kashina et al. (2002); Mairura (2008); Pacific Islands Ecosystems at Risk (PIER) (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry)	Present	Introduced		GBIF (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pimenta racemosa (bay rum tree)	Present	Introduced		Allen (1971)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pinus caribaea (Caribbean pine)	Present	Introduced		FAO (2001); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pinus elliottii (slash pine)	Present, Planted	Introduced		PROTA (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pinus halepensis (Aleppo pine)	Present, Planted	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pinus oocarpa (ocote pine)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pinus patula (Mexican weeping pine)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Piper aduncum (spiked pepper)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Queensland Government (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Holm et al. (1979); BioNET-EAFRINET (2011); Witt et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind)	Present	Introduced		AFFA (2000); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Plantago arenaria	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Plantago lanceolata (ribwort plantain)	Present	Introduced		Verdcourt (1971)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Plectranthus amboinicus (Indian borage)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Poa annua (annual meadowgrass)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2014); Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Polygonum nepalense (Nepal persicaria)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Polypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass)	Present	Native		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Portulaca oleracea (purslane)	Present			Blundell (1992); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Portulaca pilosa (kiss-me-quick)	Present	Introduced		CJB (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Portulaca quadrifida (chickenweed)	Present	Native		GBIF (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Prosopis juliflora (mesquite)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Pasiecznik et al. (2001); Witt et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pseudelephantopus spicatus (false elephant’s foot)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	USDA-ARS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Psidium cattleianum (strawberry guava)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Govaerts (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Psidium guajava (guava)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); World Agroforestry Centre (2002); Mwatawala et al. (2009); Tanga et al. (2016); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pterocarpus indicus (red sandalwood)	Present			ILDIS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rauvolfia caffra (quinine tree )	Present	Native		Govaerts (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rhamphicarpa fistulosa	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ricinus communis (castor bean)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	BioNET-EAFRINET (2014); Holm et al. (1979); Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rivina humilis (bloodberry)	Present			GBIF (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass)	Present, Localized	Native		Millhollon and Burner (1993); Massawe et al. (2008); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rubus ellipticus (yellow Himalayan raspberry)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rubus niveus (Mysore raspberry)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); ISSG (2014); Missouri Botanical Garden (2014); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rubus rosifolius (roseleaf raspberry)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); BioNET-EAFRINET (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Saccharum spontaneum (wild sugarcane)	Present			Clayton and Renvoize (1982)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sacciolepis indica (glen woodgrass)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Missouri Botanical Garden (2012); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Salvia coccinea (scarlet sage)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Salvia leucantha (Mexican bush sage)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Samanea saman (rain tree)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017); ILDIS (2002); World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sambucus nigra (elder)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sansevieria hyacinthoides (African bowstring hemp)	Present	Native		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Scaevola taccada (beach naupaka)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Schinus molle (false pepper tree)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian pepper tree)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Schismus arabicus (Arabian schismus)	Present			Missouri Botanical Garden (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Schizolobium parahyba (Brazilian fern tree)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		Bruneau et al. (2001)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna alata (candle bush)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna bacillaris (whitebark senna)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014); JSTOR Global Plants (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna bicapsularis (Christmas bush)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna didymobotrya (African senna)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna hirsuta (hairy senna)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); ISSG (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna italica (Senegal senna)	Present	Native		ILDIS (2005)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna multijuga (November shower)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation			Hanelt et al. (2001); ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna obtusifolia (sicklepod)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna occidentalis (coffee senna)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Brenan (1967); Holm et al. (1979); Kashina et al. (2002); BioNET-EAFRINET (2016); Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna septemtrionalis (smooth senna)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna siamea (yellow cassia)	Present, Planted	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2007); Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna spectabilis (whitebark senna)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Wakibara and Mnaya (2002); ILDIS (2014); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna surattensis (golden senna)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sesbania cannabina (corkwood tree)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sesbania grandiflora (sesbania)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sesbania sericea (silky sesban)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sesbania sesban (sesban)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014); ILDIS (2014); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Setaria verticillata (bristly foxtail)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1979); Mariki et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sida acuta (sida)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2013); Kashina et al. (2002); Kashina et al. (2003)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sida linifolia (flaxleaf fanpetals)	Present	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); USDA-ARS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sida repens (Javanese fanpetals)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Fryxell (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Silene gallica (common catchfly)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Solanum americanum	Present			Mwatawala et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Solanum campylacanthum (bitter apple)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Solanum mauritianum (tobacco tree)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Solanum nigrum (black nightshade)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Solanum seaforthianum (Brazilian nightshade)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Solanum torvum (turkey berry)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Solanum tuberosum (potato)	Present			Chiunga and Valkonen (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sonchus arvensis (perennial sowthistle)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle)	Present			Terry and Michieka (1987); USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass)	Present, Localized	Introduced		Holm et al. (1991); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Spartium junceum (Spanish broom)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree)	Present	Native		ICRAF (2008)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Spergula arvensis (corn spurry)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sphagneticola trilobata (wedelia)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sporobolus africanus (rat’s tail grass)	Present	Native		eMonocot (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sporobolus pyramidalis (giant rat’s tail grass)	Present			eMonocot (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sporobolus tenuissimus (tropical dropseed)	Present	Introduced		Naturalis (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (Jamaica vervain)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Stachytarpheta urticifolia (rattail)	Present	Introduced		Legere et al. (2004); Verdcourt (1992); CJB (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Stellaria media (common chickweed)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1977); Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sterculia foetida (Java olive)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Striga asiatica (witch weed)	Present, Widespread	Native	Invasive	Holm et al. (1979); Mohamed et al. (2001); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Striga aspera (witchweed)	Present			Hepper (1963)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Striga gesnerioides (cowpea witchweed)	Present			GRIN (2000)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Striga hermonthica (witchweed)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Synedrella nodiflora (synedrella)	Present			Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Syzygium cumini (black plum)	Present	Introduced		Morton (1987); Mwatawala et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Syzygium jambos (rose apple)	Present, Planted	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Binggeli (2001)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tabebuia rosea (pink poui)	Present	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tagetes minuta (stinking Roger)	Present	Introduced		Terry and Michieka (1987); Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tamarindus indica (tamarind)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tamarix aphylla (athel)	Present, Few occurrences	Native		Baum (1978)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tecoma capensis (Cape honeysuckle)	Present	Native		Ulloa (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tecoma stans (yellow bells)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tectona grandis (teak)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tephrosia candida (white tephrosia)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tephrosia vogelii (Vogel's tephrosia)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Terminalia catappa (Singapore almond)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2017); Mwatawala et al. (2009); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Thespesia populnea (portia tree)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Thlaspi alliaceum	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Thunbergia alata (black eyed Susan)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Thunbergia erecta (bush clockvine)	Present	Native		POWO (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Thunbergia grandiflora (Bengal trumpet)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Tropical Biology Association (2010); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Tropical Biology Association (2010); BioNET-EAFRINET (2016); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tithonia rotundifolia (red sunflower)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); BioNET-EAFRINET (2018); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Toona ciliata (toon)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Toona sinensis (Chinese Toona)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Trachypogon spicatus (spiked crinkleawn)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tradescantia pallida (purple queen)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tradescantia spathacea (boat lily)	Present	Introduced		Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tradescantia zebrina (wandering jew)	Present	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Trapa natans (waterchestnut)	Present	Native		Invasive Species Specialist Group (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tribulus cistoides (false puncture vine)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tribulus terrestris (puncture vine)	Present			El Hadidi (1985); Terry and Michieka (1987)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tridax procumbens (coat buttons)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022); Kashina et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Triumfetta rhomboidea (diamond burbark)	Present	Native		Whitehouse et al. (2001)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Typha angustifolia (lesser bulrush)	Present			Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Typha domingensis (southern cattail)	Present	Native		Kansiime et al. (2007); Missouri Botanical Garden (2008)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail)	Present	Native		USA, USDA-ARS (2010)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ulex europaeus (gorse)	Present, Planted	Introduced		ILDIS (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urena lobata (caesar weed)	Present		Naturalized	Holm et al. (1979); USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urochloa decumbens (signal grass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urochloa distachya (signal grass)	Present			African Plant Database (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urochloa mutica (para grass)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urochloa panicoides (liverseed grass)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2003)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urochloa reptans (sprawling signalgrass)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Utricularia gibba	Present	Native		Missouri Botanical Garden (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Verbena bonariensis (clusterflower vervain)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Verbena brasiliensis	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Verbena rigida (stiff verbena)	Present	Introduced		GBIF (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Vernicia fordii (tung-oil tree)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Veronica anagallis-aquatica (blue water speedwell)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Vigna marina (beach bean)	Present	Native		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Vitex trifolia	Present	Native		Govaerts (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Xanthium strumarium (common cocklebur)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017); Witt et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Zinnia peruviana (Peruvian zinnia)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ziziphus mauritiana (jujube)	Present	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ziziphus spina-christi (Christ's thorn jujube)	Present	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Babesia	Present			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Plasmodium relictum	Present	Native		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Theileria parva	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Tritrichomonas foetus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Trypanosoma congolense	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Trypanosoma equiperdum	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Trypanosoma evansi	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Trypanosoma vivax	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Virus			African cassava mosaic virus (African cassava mosaic)	Present, Widespread			EPPO (2022); Ndunguru et al. (2005)
Virus			African horse sickness virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018)
Virus			African swine fever virus	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			Avipoxvirus	Present			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virus			Banana bunchy top virus (bunchy top of banana)	Present			Shimwela et al. (2021); EPPO (2022)
Virus			Banana streak disease	Present, Localized	Native	Invasive	Sebasigari and Stover (1988); Diekmann and Putter (1996); EPPO (2022)
Virus			Barley yellow dwarf viruses (barley yellow dwarf)	Present			Lister and Ranieri (1995)
Virus			bovine herpesvirus 1	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			Cassava brown streak viruses (cassava brown streak disease)	Present, Widespread			Legg and Raya (1998); Mbanzibwa et al. (2011); Rwegasira et al. (2011); Adams et al. (2013); Rajabu (2013); Tomlinson et al. (2013); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated);
Virus			Cassava mosaic disease (African cassava mosaic)	Present, Widespread			CABI and EPPO (1998)
Virus			classical swine fever virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus	Present, Widespread			Patel and Kuwaite (1982); CABI and EPPO (2010)
Virus			Cowpea mild mottle virus (angular mosaic of beans)	Present			Bock et al. (1976); Mink and Keswani (1987); CABI and EPPO (2019); EPPO (2022)
Virus			Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows)	Present			Desbiez et al. (2016)
Virus			East African cassava mosaic virus	Present, Widespread	Native	Invasive	Ndunguru et al. (2005); Zhou XuePing et al. (1998); Szyniszewska et al. (2017)
Virus			eastern equine encephalitis virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			equine arteritis virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virus			equine infectious anaemia virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virus			equine influenzavirus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virus			foot-and-mouth disease virus	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			fowlpox virus	Present			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virus			infectious bursal disease virus	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			influenza A virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Virus			Japanese encephalitis virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			lumpy skin disease virus	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			Maize chlorotic mottle virus	Present			CABI and EPPO (2014)
Virus			Maize lethal necrosis disease	Present	Introduced		Makumbi and Wangai (2013)
Virus			Maize streak virus (streak disease of maize)	Present, Widespread			Storey (1936); CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022)
Virus			Newcastle disease virus	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			Nipah virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			Papaya ringspot virus	Present			CABI and EPPO (2003)
Virus			peste des petits ruminants virus	Present			OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019)
Virus			rabies virus	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			Rice yellow mottle virus	Present			Rossel et al. (1982); CABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022)
Virus			Rift Valley fever virus	Present			OIE (2020); OIE (2019); OIE (2020)
Virus			rinderpest virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			Sugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic)	Present			ISSCT (1989); Mariki et al. (2016); EPPO (2022)
Virus			Suid herpesvirus 1	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (internal cork disease of sweet potato)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2003); Tairo et al. (2004); Mbanzibwa et al. (2011); EPPO (2022)
Virus			swine vesicular disease virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virus			Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt)	Present			UK, CAB International (1978); EPPO (2022)
Virus			Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (leaf curl)	Present, Widespread			Chiang et al. (1997); Kashina et al. (2002); Kashina et al. (2003); EPPO (2022)
Virus			Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virus			vesicular stomatitis virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virus			visna/maedi virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virus			western equine encephalitis virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)

List of Species CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Species which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database and selected invasive species databases). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

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List of Animal Diseases

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The table lists the animal diseases recorded in the Compendium for this region (from the full disease datasheets). For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Disease	Distribution	Origin	Invasive	References
actinomycosis	Present			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Aeromonas infection in fish	Present			OIE (2009)
African horse sickness	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018)
African swine fever	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
anaplasmosis	Present			OIE (2012); CABI (Undated)
anthrax	Present			OIE (2020); Food & Agriculture Organization (1972); OIE (1997); OIE (2020)
Aujeszky's disease	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
avian influenza	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma synoviae)	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
avipox	Present			OIE Handistatus (2005)
babesiosis	Present			OIE (2009); Woodford et al. (1989)
blackleg	Present			OIE Handistatus (2005)
bovine anaplasmosis	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine babesiosis	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine ephemeral fever	Present			CABI (Undated)
bovine herpesvirus 1 infections	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine spongiform encephalopathy	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine tuberculosis	Present			OIE (2018); OIE (2009); OIE (2018)
bovine venereal trichomonosis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
brucellosis (Brucella abortus)	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019); CABI (Undated)
brucellosis (Brucella melitensis)	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2012); OIE (2019)
brucellosis (Brucella suis)	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
caseous lymphadenitis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Chrysomya bezziana infestation	Present	Native	Invasive	Norris and Murray (1964); Hall et al. (2014)
classical swine fever	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
coccidiosis	Present			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Cochliomyia hominivorax infestation	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
contagious bovine pleuropneumonia	Present			OIE (2019); Masiga et al. (1998); Kané (2000); OIE (2019)
contagious caprine pleuropneumonia	Present			OIE (2019); Kusiluka et al. (2000); OIE (2019)
Echinococcus	Present			OIE (2012)
Echinococcus granulosus	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Echinococcus multilocularis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
epizootic lymphangitis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
equine coital exanthema	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern)	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
equine encephalomyelitis (Western)	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
equine piroplasmosis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
foot-and-mouth disease in pigs	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
foot-and-mouth disease in ruminants	Present			OIE (2019); Kitching (1998); OIE (2019)
fowl typhoid	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
fowlpox	Present			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Fusobacterium necrophorum infections	Present			OIE Handistatus (2005)
haemorrhagic septicaemia	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
heartwater	Present			OIE (2019); McCall (1930); OIE (2019)
horse pox	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
infectious bursal disease	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
infectious coryza	Present			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Japanese encephalitis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
lumpy skin disease	Present			OIE (2019); Nawathe et al. (1982); Hamblin et al. (1990); OIE (2019)
Marek's disease	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
neosporosis	Present			Barber et al. (1997)
Newcastle disease	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Nipah virus infection	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
paratuberculosis	Present			Okuni et al. (2020); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Pasteurella multocida infections	Present, Widespread			Muhairwa et al. (2001)
peste des petits ruminants	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Plasmodium relictum infection	Present	Native		CABI (Undated)
pullorum disease	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
rabies	Present			OIE (2019); Kavishe (1988); OIE (2019)
Rift Valley fever	Present			OIE (2020); OIE (2019); OIE (2020)
rinderpest	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
sheep and goat pox	Present			OIE (2019); Kavishe (1988); OIE (2019)
Staphylococcus aureus infections	Present, Widespread			Makaya (1998)
swine vesicular disease	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE Handistatus (2005)
Theileria orientalis/Theileria buffeli infections	Present			Fyumagwa et al. (2011)
Theileria parva infections	Present, Localized			Semuguruka (1977); Norval et al. (1992)
theileriosis	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
trypanosomosis	Present			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
tuberculosis	Present			OIE (2012)
tularaemia	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Venezuelan equine encephalitis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
vesicular stomatitis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)

List of Animal Diseases CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Animal Diseases which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

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Invasive Species Compendium

Datasheet

Tanzania

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Tanzania

Index

Summary

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List of Species

List of Species CSV Output

List of Animal Diseases

List of Animal Diseases CSV Output