| | | Cucumis dipsaceus (hedgehog gourd) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Lata and Mittal (2015) |
| | | yellow head virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (sugarcane ratoon stunting disease) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Bacteroidetes | Paenibacillus larvae | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Bacillus anthracis | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Melissococcus plutonius | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae | Present | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma gallisepticum | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) type | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma synoviae | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Anaplasma marginale | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella abortus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella melitensis | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella ovis | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella suis | Absent | | | OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Candidatus Hepatobacter penaei | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Candidatus Liberibacter africanus (African greening) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1998); Bové (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | citrus huanglongbing (greening) disease (citrus greening) | Present | | | EPPO (2019); CABI (Undated) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Coxiella burnetii | Absent | | | OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ehrlichia ruminantium | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Francisella tularensis | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pasteurella multocida | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato) | Present | | | EPPO (2021) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum race 1 (bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum race 2 (moko disease) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2021) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella abortusovis | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella gallinarum | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella pullorum | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Taylorella equigenitalis | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight) | Present | | | Bradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas citri (citrus canker) | Present, Few occurrences | | | Balestra et al. (2008); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xenohaliotis californiensis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Aphanomyces astaci | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Aphanomyces invadans | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Peronosclerospora sorghi (sorghum downy mildew) | Present | Native | | Castellani and Mohamed (1981); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1982) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Plasmopara viticola (grapevine downy mildew) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1988) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Claviceps fusiformis (pearl millet ergot) | Present | | | Thakur and King (1988); CABI and EPPO (2006) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (Fusarium wilt) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1982) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Guignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot) | Absent, Confirmed absent by survey | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Pseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.) | Absent, Confirmed absent by survey | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Acarapis woodi (honeybee mite) | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aethina tumida | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Amblyomma variegatum (tropical bont tick) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidiella orientalis (oriental yellow scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1978) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale) | Present | Introduced | | De Lotto (1967) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis craccivora (groundnut aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1983) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1968) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1966) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI and EPPO (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bagrada hilaris (painted bug) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2016); Palumbo et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present | | | CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Charybdis hellerii | Present, Widespread | Native | | Vannini and Innocenti (2000) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chilo partellus (spotted stem borer) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1989); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm) | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm) | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Culex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito) | Present, Widespread | | Invasive | WHO (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cylas formicarius (sweet potato weevil) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1970); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dacus ciliatus (lesser pumpkin fly) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1972); Ben-Dov (1994) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1966) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1971); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Maconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug) | Present | Introduced | | Williams (1986); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monomorium destructor (Singapore ant) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Mythimna unipuncta (rice armyworm) | Present | Introduced | | UK, CAB International (1967) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nezara viridula (green stink bug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1970) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nomadacris septemfasciata (red locust) | Present, Few occurrences | | | Schulthess (1898) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oryzaephilus surinamensis (saw toothed grain beetle) | Present | | | Champ and Dyte (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (cotton, seed bug) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paratrechina longicornis (crazy ant) | Present | | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm) | Present | | | Schmutterer (1964); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Portunus segnis | Present | Native | | Lai et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhyzopertha dominica (lesser grain borer) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sesamia cretica (greater sugarcane borer) | Present | Native | | UK, CAB International (1968); Cayrol (1972); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitophilus oryzae (lesser grain weevil) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitophilus zeamais (greater grain weevil) | Present | | | Champ and Dyte (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitotroga cerealella (grain moth) | Present, Widespread | | | Abukar et al. (1986); Lavigne (1991) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera exempta (black armyworm) | Present, Widespread | | | UK, CAB International (1972); Haggis (1984); Rose et al. (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | FAO (2017); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera littoralis (cotton leafworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1967); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant) | Present | Introduced | | Wetterer (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Thaumatotibia leucotreta (false codling moth (FCM)) | Present | Native | | Thompson (1946); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid) | Present | | | Tsai (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trioza erytreae (African citrus psyllid) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trogoderma granarium (khapra beetle) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tropilaelaps | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Varroa destructor (Varroa mite) | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1973); Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus volvulus | Present | Introduced | | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Alopochen aegyptiaca (Egyptian goose) | Present | Native | | BirdLife International (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Camelus dromedarius (dromedary camel) | Present, Widespread | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Capra hircus (goats) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Clarias gariepinus | Present | Native | | Teugels (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Columba livia (pigeons) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Corvus splendens (house crow) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Equus asinus (donkeys) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Hemidactylus frenatus (common house gecko) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Vinson and Vinson (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lutjanus kasmira (blueline snapper) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Allen (1985) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ovis aries (sheep) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Passer domesticus (house sparrow) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Psittacula krameri (rose-ringed parakeet) | Present, Few occurrences | Native | | Juniper and Parr (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Quelea quelea (weaver bird) | Present, Widespread | Native | Invasive | Craig (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rachycentron canadum (cobia) | Present | Native | | IUCN (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Siganus luridus (dusky spinefoot) | Present | Native | | Sommer et al. (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Siganus rivulatus (marbled spinefoot) | Present | Native | | Woodland (1990) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Styela plicata (pleated sea squirt) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Threskiornis aethiopicus (sacred ibis) | Present | Native | | Hoyo et al. (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tyto alba (Barn owl) | Present | Native | | Bruce (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Varanus niloticus (Nile monitor) | Present | Native | | Bayless (2002); Spawls et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Melanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania) | Present, Localized | Native | | Fischer-Piette and Métivier (1974) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Theba pisana (white garden snail) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Spence (1938); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Helicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) | Present, Localized | | | Karshe (1993); CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode) | Present | | | Beccari and Scavazzon (1966); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Trichinella | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Echinococcus granulosus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Echinococcus multilocularis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Taenia solium | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Planctomycetes [kingdom] | | Chlamydophila abortus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Planctomycetes [kingdom] | | Chlamydophila psittaci | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Chlorophyta | Ulva reticulata (ribbon sea lettuce) | Present | | | Silva et al. (1996) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Ceratopteris thalictroides (watersprite) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon hirtum (Indian mallow) | Present | Native | | Achigan-Dako (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia colei | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia mellifera (blackthorn) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019); ILDIS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia nilotica (gum arabic tree) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia reficiens (false umbrella thorn) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia saligna (coojong) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acanthospermum hispidum (bristly starbur) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Terry and Michieka (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia julibrissin (silk tree) | Present, Planted | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia lebbeck (Indian siris) | Present | Introduced | | Orwa et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aloe vera (true aloe) | Present | | | PROTA (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus dubius (spleen amaranth) | Present | Introduced | | Grubben (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona cherimola (cherimoya) | Present | Introduced | | Morton (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arthraxon hispidus (small carpetgrass) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arundo donax (giant reed) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asparagus falcatus (sicklethorn) | Present | Native | | PROTA (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Azadirachta indica (neem tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bacopa monnieri (water hyssop) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Balanites aegyptiaca (simple-thorned torchwood) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2016); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bauhinia monandra (Napoleon's plume) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bauhinia tomentosa (yellow bauhinia) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens pilosa (blackjack) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Boerhavia coccinea (scarlet spiderling) | Present | Introduced | | Whitehouse (1996); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Boerhavia diffusa (red spiderling) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica juncea (mustard) | Present | Introduced | | Warwick and Francis (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calotropis procera (apple of sodom) | Present | Native | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine) | Present | | | USDA-ARS (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina equisetifolia (casuarina) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina glauca (scaly oak (Australia)) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus biflorus (Indian sandbur) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass) | Present | Native | | Cook et al. (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris gayana (Rhodes grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris virgata (feather finger grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cissus quadrangularis (treebine) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Citrus aurantiifolia (lime) | Present | | | FAO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Citrus aurantium (sour orange) | Present | | | FAO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cleome gynandra | Present | Native | | Mishra et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coccinia grandis (scarlet-fruited ivy gourd) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Commelina benghalensis (wandering jew) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria retusa (rattleweed) | Present | | | ILDIS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crypsis vaginiflora (African pricklegrass) | Present | Native | | eMonocot (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyanthillium cinereum (little ironweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cymbopogon schoenanthus (camel grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynodon nlemfuensis (African Bermuda-grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) | Present | | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura innoxia (downy thorn apple) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Delonix regia (flamboyant) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Desmostachya bipinnata (halfa grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichanthium annulatum (Kleberg's bluestem) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dichrostachys cinerea (sickle bush) | Present | Native | | World Agroforestry Centre (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria abyssinica (East African couchgrass) | Present | | | Terry and Michieka (1987); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria longiflora (false couch grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa pyramidalis | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ehrharta erecta (panic veldtgrass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis ciliaris (gophertail lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia tirucalli (Indian-tree spurge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flacourtia indica (governor's plum) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heteropogon contortus (spear grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera tinctoria (true indigo) | Present | Native | | Bisby et al. (1994); USDA-ARS (2013); ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera trita (Asian indigo) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea cairica (five-fingered morning glory) | Present | Native | | POWO (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory) | Present | Introduced | | Staples (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jasminum fluminense (Brazilian jasmine) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jatropha curcas (jatropha) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kyllinga polyphylla (navua sedge) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd) | Present | Introduced | | PFAF (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Launaea intybacea (bitter lettuce) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lawsonia inermis (Egyptian privet) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa fusca (sprangletop) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa mucronata (mucronate sprangletop ) | Present | | | JSTOR (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena diversifolia | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mangifera indica (mango) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Orwa et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago laciniata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago lupulina (black medick) | Present | | | ILDIS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melia azedarach (Chinaberry) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia aegyptia (hairy woodrose) | Present | Native | | Plants of the World Online (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant) | Present | Introduced | | Leavold et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Momordica balsamina (common balsam apple) | Present | Native | | POWO (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Moorochloa eruciformis (sweet signal grass) | Present | Native | | African Plant Database (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Moringa oleifera (horse radish tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | PROTA (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nymphaea lotus (white Egyptian lotus) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ocimum gratissimum (African basil) | Present | Native | | WCSP (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata (wild olive) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | Brutsch and Zimmermann (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia monacantha (common prickly pear) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia stricta (erect prickly pear) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | GRIIS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Orobanche cernua (nodding broomrape) | Present | Native | | Parker and Wilson (1986) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parkinsonia aculeata (Mexican palo-verde) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Madany (1991); Thulin (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed) | Present | Introduced | | Tamado and Milberg (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalidium geminatum (Egyptian paspalidium) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum macrourum (African feather grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum setaceum (fountain grass) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2012); USDA-ARS (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phragmites australis (common reed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis angulata (cutleaf groundcherry) | Present | Introduced | | Mairura (2008); Thulin (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) | Present | | | USDA-ARS (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Portulaca oleracea (purslane) | Present | | | Blundell (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Portulaca quadrifida (chickenweed) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prosopis juliflora (mesquite) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Pasiecznik et al. (2001); Awale and Sugule (2006); Shibeshi et al. (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ricinus communis (castor bean) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass) | Present | Native | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Saccharum ravennae (ravenna grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schinus molle (false pepper tree) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna italica (Senegal senna) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania cannabina (corkwood tree) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania grandiflora (sesbania) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania sericea (silky sesban) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sesbania sesban (sesban) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014); Gillett (1963); ILDIS (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida acuta (sida) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Striga asiatica (witch weed) | Present | Native | | Mohamed et al. (2001); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Striga gesnerioides (cowpea witchweed) | Present | | | GRIN (2000) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarindus indica (tamarind) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarix aphylla (athel) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Baum (1978); Calimini et al. (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tectona grandis (teak) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Terminalia catappa (Singapore almond) | Present | Introduced | | PROTA (2017); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach) | Present | Introduced | | Grubben and Denton (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thespesia populnea (portia tree) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tragus racemosus (stalker bur grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tribulus terrestris (puncture vine) | Present | | | Terry and Michieka (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha domingensis (southern cattail) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Thulin (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa mutica (para grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa panicoides (liverseed grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa reptans (sprawling signalgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbesina encelioides (golden crownbeard) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vitex trifolia | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ziziphus mauritiana (jujube) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ziziphus spina-christi (Christ's thorn jujube) | Present | Native | | Orwa et al. (2009); USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Paramyxea | Marteilia refringens | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Bonamia exitiosa | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Bonamia ostreae | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Perkinsus marinus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Perkinsus olseni | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Tritrichomonas foetus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Trypanosoma equiperdum | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Trypanosoma evansi | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2020); Hoare (1972); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | African horse sickness virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | African swine fever virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | avian infectious bronchitis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | avian metapneumovirus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | bluetongue virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | bovine herpesvirus 1 | Absent | | | OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | bovine leukemia virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | bovine viral diarrhea virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | camelpox virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2020); Kriz (1982); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | caprine arthritis encephalitis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | classical swine fever virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | eastern equine encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | equid herpesvirus 1 | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | equine arteritis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | equine infectious anaemia virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | equine influenzavirus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | foot-and-mouth disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious bursal disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | infectious myonecrosis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | influenza A virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | Japanese encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | lumpy skin disease virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | myxoma virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | Nairobi sheep disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | Newcastle disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | Nipah virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | peste des petits ruminants virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2018); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | rabies virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | red sea bream iridovirus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Rift Valley fever virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | rinderpest virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | spring viraemia of carp virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Suid herpesvirus 1 | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | swine vesicular disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Taura syndrome virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | transmissible gastroenteritis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | visna/maedi virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | West Nile virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | western equine encephalitis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | White spot syndrome virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018) |