Invasive Species Compendium

Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide

Datasheet

Peru

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Datasheet

Peru

Index

Summary

  • Population, total
  • 32,510,453 (2019)
  • GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
  • 6,740 (2019)
  • GNI, Atlas method (current US$ in millions)
  • 219,156.89 (2019)
  • GDP (current US$ in millions)
  • 226,848.05 (2019)
  • Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
  • 6.96 (2019)

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List of Species

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The table lists the species recorded in the Compendium for this region(from the full species datasheets). It includes species that are invasive in this region, those for which there is no data on invasive status, and also species that are not invasive in the region but are reported as invasive elsewhere. This summary table is based on all the information available.When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the distribution record. For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Domain Kingdom Phylum Species Distribution Origin Invasive References
Cucumis dipsaceus (hedgehog gourd)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2016)
yellow head virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Clavibacter michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato)PresentBradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Clavibacter sepedonicus (potato ring rot)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)Bradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Dermatophilus congolensisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (sugarcane ratoon stunting disease)PresentBradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaBacteroidetesPaenibacillus larvaeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaFirmicutesBacillus anthracisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaFirmicutesCandidatus Phytoplasma asteris (yellow disease phytoplasmas)PresentSchneider et al. (1993); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaFirmicutesMelissococcus plutoniusPresentSchotman (1989); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniaeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma gallisepticumPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) typeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma synoviaePresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaFirmicutesSpiroplasma kunkelii (corn stunt spiroplasma)PresentNault et al. (1979); Davis et al. (1981); CABI and EPPO (2008); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaAnaplasma marginaleAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella abortusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella melitensisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella ovisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella suisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBurkholderia pseudomalleiAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCampylobacter fetus subsp. venerealisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCandidatus Hepatobacter penaeiPresentGuevara and Alfaro (2012)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCoxiella burnetiiAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaEhrlichia ruminantiumAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaFrancisella tularensisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaMannheimia haemolyticaPresentRosadio et al. (2011)
BacteriaProteobacteriaPasteurella multocidaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaPseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (oleander knot)PresentInvasiveBradbury (1986); UK, CAB International (1987)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato)PresentEPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum race 1 (bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum race 2 (moko disease)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2021)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella AbortusequiAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella abortusovisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella gallinarumAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella pullorumAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaTaylorella equigenitalisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaVibrio parahaemolyticusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas citri (citrus canker)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas translucens pv. cerealis (bacterial leaf streak of grasses)PresentEPPO (2014)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas translucens pv. translucens (bacterial leaf streak of barley)PresentDuveiller et al. (1991); Bragard et al. (1995); CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXenohaliotis californiensisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXylella fastidiosa (Pierce's disease of grapevines)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPeronosclerospora sorghi (sorghum downy mildew)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPhytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback)PresentUK, CAB International (1991); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPhytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight)PresentUK, CAB International (1982); Gavino and Fry (2002)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaBlumeria graminis (powdery mildew of grasses and cereals)PresentCABI and EPPO (2004)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaCeratocystis fimbriata (Ceratocystis blight)Present, LocalizedRada (1939); Krug and Quartey-Papafio (1964); Soberanis et al. (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4)PresentIntroducedSENASA (2021); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (Fusarium wilt)Present, LocalizedUK, CAB International (1982); Delgado and Agurto (1984); Assigbetse et al. (1994); Fernandez et al. (1994); Skovgaard et al. (2001)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaGuignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaMycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka)PresentIntroducedInvasiveJones (2003); CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPseudocercospora ulei (South American leaf blight of rubber (SALB))PresentNativeInvasiveHennings (1904); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaTrichoconiella padwickii (stackburn disease)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVallejos and Mattos (1990)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaMoniliophthora perniciosa (witches' broom disease of cacao)PresentCABI and EPPO (2002); Arevalo et al. (2008); Marelli et al. (2009); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaMoniliophthora roreri (frosty pod rot)PresentIntroducedInvasivePhillips-Mora (2003); Hernández et al. (1990); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals)Present, LocalizedMont et al. (1977); CIMMYT (1988)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2008)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaThecaphora solani (potato smut)Present, LocalizedNativeInvasiveUK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaFungiChytridiomycotaBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)PresentSeimon et al. (2007)
EukaryotaFungiChytridiomycotaSynchytrium endobioticum (wart disease of potato)PresentCABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAcarapis woodi (honeybee mite)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAethina tumidaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAgrotis ipsilon (black cutworm)PresentUK, CAB International (1969)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)EPPO (2022); UK, CAB International (1995)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurodicus cocois (coconut whitefly)PresentNúñez del Prado et al. (2008)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurodicus dispersus (whitefly)PresentMound and Halsey (1978); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAmphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle)PresentDarwin (1854); Henry and McLaughlin (1975)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha fraterculus (South American fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeWulp (1899); Stone (1942); Korytkowski (2001); Vera et al. (2006); Hernández-Ortiz et al. (2015); Scally et al. (2016); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha grandis (South American cucurbit fruit fly)Present, LocalizedNativeKorytkowski and Ojeda (1969); Norrbom (1991); CABI and EPPO (2001); Korytkowski (2001); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha obliqua (West Indian fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeKorytkowski (2001); CABI/EPPO (2011); Scally et al. (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha serpentina (sapodilla fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeGreene (1934); Stone (1942); Stone (1942); Norrbom et al. (1999); CABI and EPPO (2001); Korytkowski (2001); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha striata (guava fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeStone (1942); Couturier et al. (1993); Korytkowski (2001); CABI and EPPO (2002); Vasquez et al. (2002); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale)PresentNativeNakahara (1982)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAphis gossypii (cotton aphid)PresentUK, CAB International (1968); Mallqui and Cobián (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUK, CAB International (1969); Ortiz (1980); Mallqui and Cobián (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaApis mellifera scutellata (africanized bee)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaArtemia (brine shrimp)PresentNativeVan (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAspidiotus destructor (coconut scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1966)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBalanus amphitrite (striped barnacle)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly)PresentEPPO (2022); Márquez-Martín et al. (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBoophilus microplusPresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBrevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite)PresentEscobar-Garcia et al. (2021)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBruchophagus roddi (alfalfa seed chalcid)PresentUK, CAB International (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCallosobruchus maculatus (cowpea weevil)Present, WidespreadHaines (1981)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCeratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHarris and Olalquiaga (1991); Gasparich et al. (1997); Davies et al. (1999); Gasperi et al. (2002); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCherax quadricarinatus (redclaw crayfish)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale)PresentBeingolea (1969); UK, CAB International (1969)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm)Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCrocidosema plebejana (cotton tipworm)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveSnyder (1922)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCulex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito)Present, WidespreadIntroducedRichards et al. (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDialeurodes citri (citrus whitefly)PresentInternational Institute of Entomology (1996); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDiaspidiotus perniciosus (San José scale)Present, WidespreadNakahara (1982); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug)PresentUK, CAB International (1972); Ben-Dov (1994)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDysmicoccus neobrevipes (grey pineapple mealybug)PresentGarcía Morales et al. (2016); Williams and Granara de Willink (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaEriosoma lanigerum (woolly aphid)PresentUK, CAB International (1975)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFerrisia virgata (striped mealybug)PresentBen-Dov (1994)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFrankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips)PresentIntroducedNakahara (1997); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGeococcus coffeae (coffee root mealybug)PresentWilliams and Granara de Willink (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGlycaspis brimblecombei (red gum lerp psyllid)PresentBurckhardt et al. (2008); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGreenidea ficicolaPresentCABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGymnandrosoma aurantianum (citrus fruit borer)PresentEscalante et al. (1981); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGynaikothrips ficorum (Cuban laurel thrips)PresentUK, CAB International (1983); Jacot-Guillarmod and Brothers (1986)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHarmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHelicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHelicoverpa zea (American cotton bollworm)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHeliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips)PresentUK, CAB International (1961)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1976)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale (USA))PresentSchotman (1989)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHeteropsylla cubana (leucaena psyllid)PresentUK, CAB International (1988); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHypogeococcus pungens (cactus mealybug)PresentNativeBen-Dov (1994); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer)PresentCristancho et al. (2007); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHypsipyla grandella (mahogany shoot borer)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated); Dourojeani (1973); Yamazaki et al. (1990); The International Barcode of Life Consortium (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaIcerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUK, CAB International (1971); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaInsignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLinepithema humile (Argentine ant)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDale (1974); Wild (2004); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer)Present, LocalizedScheffer and Lewis (2001); CABI and EPPO (2002); Mujica and Kroschel (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza sativae (vegetable leaf miner)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer)PresentCABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLitopenaeus vannamei (whiteleg shrimp)PresentNativeCABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMacrobrachium rosenbergii (giant freshwater prawn)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMacrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid)PresentIntroducedUK, CAB International (1984)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMegaplatypus mutatusPresentNativeWood and Bright (1992); CABI and EPPO (2006); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMonomorium pharaonis (pharaoh ant)PresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMononychellus tanajoa (cassava green mite)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMyzus persicae (green peach aphid)PresentSmith and Cermeli (1979); UK, CAB International (1979)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNeoleucinodes elegantalis (eggplant stem borer)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022); Anteparra et al. (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNipaecoccus nipae (spiked mealybug)PresentBen-Dov (1994); CABI and EPPO (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaOpogona sacchari (banana moth)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDavis and Peña (1990); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaOryzaephilus surinamensis (saw toothed grain beetle)PresentChamp and Dyte (1976)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParaleyrodes bondariPresentNHM (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParatrechina longicornis (crazy ant)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPenaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn)Absent, Formerly presentShrimp News (2006)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhenacoccus peruvianusPresentCABI and EPPO (2014); Granara de Willink and Szumik (2007); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhoracantha semipunctata (eucalyptus longhorned borer)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2007)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhthorimaea absoluta (tomato leafminer)Present, WidespreadMeyrick (1917); Povolny (1975); Razuri and Vargas (1975); Schotman (1989); Oliver and Bringas (2002); Cifuentes et al. (2011); Haddi et al. (2012); CABI and EPPO (2013); Carpio et al. (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth)Present, WidespreadKeller (2003); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); UK, CAB International (1986); Cruz and Dale (1999); Meca et al. (2009); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPlanococcus citri (citrus mealybug)PresentPelley (1968); CABI and EPPO (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPlutella xylostella (diamondback moth)PresentSalinas (1986)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPolyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite)PresentUK, CAB International (1986)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaProstephanus truncatus (larger grain borer)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)SENASA (2021); Hodges (1986)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale)PresentNakahara (1982); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudococcus viburni (obscure mealybug)PresentEPPO (2022); Salazar (1972)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhynchophorus palmarum (South American palm weevil)PresentEsser and Meredith (1987); Vargas et al. (2013); Panduro-Pisco et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhyzopertha dominica (lesser grain borer)PresentFernandez Hermoza (1972)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRusselliana solanicolaPresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSaissetia oleae (olive scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1952)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSepedomerus macropus (liverfluke snail predator fly)PresentNeff and Berg (1966); Boyes et al. (1969)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSitophilus oryzae (lesser grain weevil)PresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSitophilus zeamais (greater grain weevil)PresentChamp and Dyte (1976)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSolenopsis geminata (tropical fire ant)PresentNativeEscalante G. (1979); Gotzek et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSolenopsis invicta (red imported fire ant)PresentNativePitts (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSpodoptera eridania (southern armyworm)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2006)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSpodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)PresentEPPO (2022); Huanuqueño et al. (2021)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant)PresentIntroducedWetterer (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTibraca limbativentris (stinkbug)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaToxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid)Present, WidespreadEssig (1949); CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTrialeurodes vaporariorum (whitefly, greenhouse)PresentByrne et al. (1990); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTropilaelapsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaUnaspis citri (citrus snow scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1962); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaVarroa destructor (Varroa mite)AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaViteus vitifoliae (grapevine phylloxera)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaWahlgreniella nervataPresentMallqui and Cobián (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaWasmannia auropunctata (little fire ant)PresentNativeISSG (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXyleborus volvulusPresentNativeWood and Bright (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAmatitlania nigrofasciata (convict cichlid)PresentIntroducedOrtega et al. (2007)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAristichthys nobilis (bighead carp)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); FishBase (2004); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAstronotus ocellatus (oscar)Present, WidespreadNativeKullander (1986); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBos taurus (cattle)PresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBotrylloides perspicuusPresentSanamyan and Schories (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBubalus bubalis (Asian water buffalo)Present, LocalizedIntroducedLong (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBubulcus ibis (cattle egret)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCarassius auratus auratus (goldfish)PresentIntroducedFroese and Pauly (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCervus elaphus (red deer)Present, LocalizedIntroducedLong (2003); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCichla ocellaris (peacock cichlid)Present, WidespreadNativeWinemiller (2001); Kullander and Ferreira (2006); Willis et al. (2012); Espínola et al. (2015); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCiona intestinalis (sea vase)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataColumba livia (pigeons)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCtenopharyngodon idella (grass carp)PresentIntroducedShireman and Smith (1983); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCyprinus carpio (common carp)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); FAO (1996); Lever (1998)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataDidelphis marsupialis (common opossum)Present, WidespreadNativeIUCN (2015)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataEquus ferusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataGambusia affinis (western mosquitofish)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataGambusia holbrooki (eastern mosquitofish)PresentIntroducedInvasiveFroese and Pauly (2008)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHoplosternum littorale (armoured catfish)PresentNativeFishBase (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp)PresentIntroducedFroese and Pauly (2004); FishBase (2005); Seebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataIguana iguana (iguana)PresentNativeLeenders (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataLepus europaeus (European hare)Present, LocalizedIntroducedBonino et al. (2010); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMolothrus bonariensis (shiny cowbird)PresentNativeInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis aureus (blue tilapia)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Pullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); Pullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOvis aries (sheep)PresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOxyura jamaicensis (ruddy duck)Present, LocalizedNativeFjeldså and Krabbe (1990)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPasser domesticus (house sparrow)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPhasianus colchicus (common pheasant)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPiaractus brachypomus (pirapitinga)PresentNativeSwedish Museum of Natural History (1999); Smithsonian Institution (2001); Froese and Pauly (2004); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPoecilia reticulata (guppy)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPolyandrocarpa zorritensisPresentNativeTuron and Perera (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRana catesbeiana (American bullfrog)Present, LocalizedIntroducedKraus (2009); Santos-Barrera et al. (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRattus rattus (black rat)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRhinella marina (cane toad)PresentNativeInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSalmo trutta (sea trout)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSalvelinus fontinalis (brook trout)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2004); Froese and Pauly (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSalvelinus namaycush (lake trout)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataTyto alba (Barn owl)PresentNativeBruce (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataXiphophorus maculatus (southern platyfish)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaAchatina fulica (giant African land snail)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVogler et al. (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaCornu aspersum (common garden snail)PresentIntroducedInvasiveGodan (1983); Escargot Peru (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaDeroceras invadens (tramp slug)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHutchinson et al. (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaDeroceras laeve (meadow slug)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHutchinson et al. (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMagallana gigas (Pacific oyster)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Cisneros et al. (1995); Cisneros (1996)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMarisa cornuarietis (giant ramshorn)Present, LocalizedNativeRamírez et al. (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMelanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveVivar et al. (1990); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaPomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaPomacea maculataAbsent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaDitylenchus destructor (potato tuber nematode)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)CABI (Undated); Jatala et al. (1977); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaDitylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera pallida (white potato cyst nematode)Present, WidespreadNativePicard et al. (2007); CABI/EPPO (2011); Thevenoux et al. (2020); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode)PresentNativeCanto Saenz and Mayer de Scurrah (1977); Picard et al. (2007); Sullivan et al. (2007); CABI/EPPO (2011); Oro et al. (2014); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaHelicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode)PresentKrusberg and Hirschmann (1958); CABI and EPPO (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode)PresentTaylor et al. (1982); CABI and EPPO (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne ethiopica (Root-knot nematode)PresentMurga-Gutierrez et al. (2012); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode)PresentVargas and Pajuelo (1973); CABI and EPPO (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode)PresentVargas and Pajuelo (1973); CABI and EPPO (2002); Murga-Gutierrez et al. (2012); Gómez-Chatata et al. (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm)PresentCABI and EPPO (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaRadopholus similis (burrowing nematode)PresentSasser et al. (1962); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaRhadinaphelenchus cocophilus (red ring nematode)Present, WidespreadLiceras Zarate (1967); CABI and EPPO (1999); Macedo (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaTrichinellaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaTylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode)Present, WidespreadGomez and Martin (1967); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaXiphinema index (fan-leaf virus nematode)PresentLamberti et al. (1987); Alkemade and Loof (1990); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesEchinococcusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesEchinococcus granulosusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesEchinococcus multilocularisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesGyrodactylus salarisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesTaenia soliumPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaPlanctomycetes [kingdom]Chlamydophila abortusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaPlanctomycetes [kingdom]Chlamydophila psittaciAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAdiantum capillus-venerisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAdiantum raddianum (delta maidenhair fern)PresentNativeLuteyn et al. (1999)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAzolla filiculoides (water fern)PresentNativeReed (1962); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaBlechnum appendiculatum (palm fern)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaBlechnum cordatumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaChristella dentata (soft fern)Present, LocalizedNativeGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaDiplazium esculentum (vegetable fern)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedSmithsonian Museum of Natural History (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaMacrothelypteris torresiana (swordfern)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaNephrolepis brownii (Asian swordfern)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); GBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteridium aquilinum (bracken)PresentNativeThomson and Alonso-Amelot (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteris tripartita (giant brake)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaSalvinia auriculata (giant salvinia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaSalvinia minimaPresentNativeGBIF (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaThelypteris opulenta (jewelled maiden fern)PresentIntroducedInvasiveAponte (2012); Smith (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbelmoschus moschatus (musk mallow)PresentIntroducedFryxell (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbutilon grandifolium (hairy Indian mallow)PresentNativeGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbutilon hirtum (Indian mallow)PresentNativePeru Checklist (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbutilon indicum (country mallow)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015); PROTA (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia angustissima (prairie acacia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia caven (Roman cassie)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia crassicarpa (northern wattle)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia farnesiana (huisache)PresentNativeILDIS (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia melanoxylon (Australian blackwood)Present, PlantedIntroducedILDIS (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia saligna (coojong)Present, PlantedIntroducedCoates (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcanthospermum australe (spiny-bur)PresentNativeGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcanthospermum hispidum (bristly starbur)PresentNativeInvasiveHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAchillea millefolium (yarrow)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015); PIER (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAchyranthes aspera (devil's horsewhip)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAeschynomene americana (shyleaf)PresentNativeILDIS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgave americana (century plant)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratina riparia (mistflower)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratum conyzoides (billy goat weed)PresentNativeAlva (1973); Holm et al. (1979); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlbizia julibrissin (silk tree)Present, PlantedIntroducedILDIS (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlbizia lebbeck (Indian siris)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAllamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda)PresentGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAllium neapolitanum (False onion weed)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlocasia macrorrhizos (giant taro)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAloe vera (true aloe)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlopecurus myosuroides (black-grass)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAloysia citrodora (lemon verbena)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlpinia purpurata (red ginger)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera caracasanaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera halimifolia (hairy joyweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera pungens (Khaki weed)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus blitum (livid amaranth)PresentHolm et al. (1979); Missouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus cruentus (red amaranth)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedMacbride (1937); Eliasson (1987)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus deflexus (Perennial Pigweed)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus dubius (spleen amaranth)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus hybridus (smooth pigweed)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth)PresentHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus viridis (slender amaranth)PresentHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmbrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed)PresentUSDA-ARS (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmbrosia peruviana (Peruvian ragweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmbrosia tenuifolia (lacy ragweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnagallis arvensis (scarlet pimpernel)PresentHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnethum graveolens (dill)PresentUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona cherimola (cherimoya)PresentFranciosi Tijero (1992); Morton (1987); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona muricata (soursop)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona reticulata (bullock's heart)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona squamosa (sugar apple)PresentIntroducedUSA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnredera baselloides (Madeira vine)PresentNativeGovaerts (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnredera cordifolia (Madeira vine)PresentNativePIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAntigonon leptopus (coral vine)PresentIntroducedBurke and DiTommaso (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArgemone mexicana (Mexican poppy)PresentHolm et al. (1979); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristolochia elegans (elegant Dutchman’s pipe)PresentNativeCABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristolochia littoralis (elegant dutchman's pipe)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristolochia ringens (Dutchman’s pipe)PresentNativeCABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArundo donax (giant reed)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2007); Clayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsclepias curassavica (bloodflower)PresentNativeUSA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2011); USDA-ARS (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsphodelus tenuifolius (onionweed)PresentHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAtriplex semibaccata (Australian saltbush)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAustrocylindropuntia cylindrica (cane cactus)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAustrocylindropuntia subulata (Eve’s needle cactus)PresentNativeChinnock (2015); Missouri Botanical Garden (2019); USDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAvena barbata (slender oat)Present, LocalizedInvasiveGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAvena fatua (wild oat)PresentHafliger and Scholz (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAvena sterilis (winter wild oat)Present, LocalizedNativeHolm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAxonopus compressus (carpet grass)PresentAlegría et al. (1988)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAzadirachta indica (neem tree)PresentIntroducedWorld Agroforestry Centre (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBacopa monnieri (water hyssop)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBambusa vulgaris (common bamboo)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBasella alba (malabar spinach)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2017); Missouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBatis maritima (saltwort)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBidens pilosa (blackjack)PresentBazan and Ochea (1974); Cerna and Valdéz (1987); GRIIS (2018); USDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBixa orellana (annatto)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBocconia frutescens (plume poppy)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBoerhavia coccinea (scarlet spiderling)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBoerhavia diffusa (red spiderling)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBothriochloa barbinodisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBougainvillea spectabilis (great bougainvillea)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica juncea (mustard)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica nigra (black mustard)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013); Gómez-Chatata et al. (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica rapa (field mustard)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2018); Missouri Botanical Garden (2018);
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrugmansia candida (angel's trumpet)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBuddleja davidii (butterfly bush)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCaesalpinia decapetala (Mysore thorn)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCaesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCaladium bicolor (heart of Jesus)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalceolaria chelidonioidesPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalceolaria tripartitaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalliandra houstoniana var. calothyrsus (calliandra)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCallisia repens (creeping inch-plant)PresentNativeGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalopogonium caeruleum (jicama)PresentNativeILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalopogonium mucunoides (calopo)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalotropis procera (apple of sodom)Present, PlantedIntroducedInvasiveWorld Agroforestry Centre (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanavalia ensiformis (jack bean)PresentIntroducedNew York Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanna indica (canna lilly)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanna x generalis (canna lily)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCapsicum annuum (bell pepper)PresentFAO (2009); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCapsicum baccatum (pepper)PresentNativeEshbaugh (1970); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine)PresentEPPO (2022); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCarludovica palmata (Panama hat plant)PresentNativeIUCN (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCarpobrotus chilensis (sea fig)PresentIntroducedUseful Tropical Plants (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCascabela thevetia (yellow oleander)PresentNativePOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassia fistula (Indian laburnum)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassia grandis (pink shower)PresentILDIS (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina cunninghamiana (Australian beefwood)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina equisetifolia (casuarina)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina glauca (scaly oak (Australia))Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCatharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCedrela odorata (Spanish cedar)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCenchrus echinatus (southern sandbur)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1977); Cerna Bazan and Rojas Vargas (1979); Holm et al. (1991); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentaurea melitensis (Maltese starthistle)PresentIntroducedDillon (1982)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort)PresentNativeGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentratherum punctatum (lark daisy)PresentNativeKirkman (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCestrum parqui (Chilean jessamine)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChamaecrista nictitans (sensitive partridge pea)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChenopodium album (fat hen)PresentAragón and Gutiérrez (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChenopodium murale (nettleleaf goosefoot)Present, WidespreadAragón and Gutiérrez (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris barbata (purpletop chloris)PresentHafliger and Scholz (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris gayana (Rhodes grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris radiataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris virgata (feather finger grass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChromolaena odorata (Siam weed)PresentNativeGautier (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver)PresentIntroducedZuloaga et al. (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCinchona pubescens (quinine tree)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCinnamomum burmanni (padang cassia)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCinnamomum verum (cinnamon)PresentIntroducedUSA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCirsium vulgare (spear thistle)PresentIntroducedForcella and Randall (1994); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCissus verticillata (possum grape vine)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCitrus aurantiifolia (lime)PresentFAO (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCitrus aurantium (sour orange)PresentFAO (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum chinense (Chinese glory bower)PresentIntroducedWaterhouse (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum thomsoniae (bleeding glory bower)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClidemia hirta (Koster's curse)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1979); Missouri Botanical Garden (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCocos nucifera (coconut)PresentIntroducedHenderson et al. (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCoix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears)Present, WidespreadIntroducedNaturalizedTovar and . (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaColocasia esculenta (taro)PresentIntroducedBrako and Zarucchi (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCombretum indicum (Rangoon creeper)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConium maculatum (poison hemlock)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedInvasivePIER (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConvolvulus arvensis (bindweed)Present, LocalizedHolm et al. (1977); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza canadensis (Canadian fleabane)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCordia alliodora (Ecuador laurel)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCortaderia jubata (purple pampas grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCosmos caudatus (wild cosmos)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2014); Brako and Zarucchi (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos)PresentNativeCABI (Undated); Brako and Zarucchi (1993); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrocosmia x crocosmiiflora (montbretia)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria maypurensis (rattlebox weed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria retusa (rattleweed)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria spectabilis (showy rattlepod)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCroton argenteus (silver July croton)PresentNativeGovaerts (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCryptostegia grandiflora (rubber vine)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCucumis anguria (West Indian gherkin)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuphea carthagenensis (Colombian waxweed)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuphea hyssopifolia (false heather)PresentNativeFlora, Mesoamericana (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyclanthera pedataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCylindropuntia fulgida (jumping cholla)Present, WidespreadNativePeru Checklist (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCylindropuntia rosea (hudson pear)Present, WidespreadIntroducedPeru Checklist (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCymbopogon citratus (lemongrass)PresentIntroducedZuloaga et al. (2003); Gade (1975)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynara cardunculus (cardoon)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Present, WidespreadIntroducedHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus aggregatusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge)PresentIntroducedInvasiveDiaz (1976); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge)PresentIntroducedSánchez-Zapata et al. (2012); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge)PresentNativeGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus meyenianus (Meyen's flatsedge)PresentNativeBrako and Zarucchi (1993); Schwirkowski (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge)PresentHolm et al. (1979); Govaerts (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura ferox (fierce thornapple)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura innoxia (downy thorn apple)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura inoxia (Downy Thornapple)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura stramonium (jimsonweed)PresentAlva (1973); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDelonix regia (flamboyant)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDesmodium incanum (creeping beggerweed)PresentNativeILDIS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDesmodium uncinatum (Silver-leaf desmodium)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria bicornis (Asian crabgrass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria eriantha (pangola grass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria fuscescens (yellow crab grass)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria insularis (sourgrass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDiodia teres (poorjoe)PresentNativeNYBG (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDioscorea alata (white yam)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDioscorea bulbifera (air potato)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDipsacus fullonum (common teasel)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper)PresentNativeUlloa (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDrymaria cordata (tropical chickweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDuranta erecta (golden dewdrop)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea)PresentIntroducedRandall (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa colona (junglerice)PresentHolm et al. (1979); Clayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1991); USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa crus-pavonis (gulf cockspur grass)PresentNativeTropicos (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinodorus horizontalisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEclipta prostrata (eclipta)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEichhornia azurea (anchored water hyacinth)PresentNativeUSA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009); USDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)Present, LocalizedGopal (1987); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElaeis guineensis (African oil palm)PresentFAO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElephantopus mollis (elephant's foot)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEleusine indica (goose grass)Present, WidespreadIntroducedHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia fosbergii (Florida tassel-flower)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower)PresentHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis amabilis (Japanese lovegrass)PresentIntroducedPeterson and Vega (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis atrovirens (thalia lovegrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis ciliaris (gophertail lovegrass)PresentIntroducedGiraldo Cañas et al. (2012); Peterson and Vega (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass)PresentIntroducedGiraldo Cañas et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErechtites valerianifolius (tropical burnweed)Present, WidespreadNativeBelcher (1956)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane)PresentIntroducedPruski (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErodium cicutarium (common storksbill)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErythrina berteroana (coralbean)PresentNativeILDIS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErythrina poeppigiana (coral tree)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptusPresentConstantino (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus globulus (Tasmanian blue gum)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)PresentCABI (Undated); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia hirta (garden spurge)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia hypericifolia (graceful spurge)PresentNativePIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia milii (crown-of-thorns)PresentIntroducedBrako and Zarucchi (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia tithymaloides (devil's backbone)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFallopia convolvulus (black bindweed)PresentHolm et al. (1991); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus carica (common fig)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated); FAO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree)PresentIntroducedWBN Flora Database (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2014); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFlemingia macrophylla (large leaf flemingia)PresentIntroducedOrwa et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFoeniculum vulgare (fennel)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFragaria vesca (wild strawberry)PresentDarrow (1966)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFurcraea foetida (Mauritius hemp)PresentIntroducedSmithsonian (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier)Present, LocalizedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalphimia glauca (goldshower)PresentIntroducedMacBride (1950)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalphimia gracilis (goldshower)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGeoffroea decorticans (Chilean palo verde)Present, LocalizedNativeInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGliricidia sepium (gliricidia)Present, PlantedIntroducedWAC (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGmelina arborea (candahar)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphrena globosa (globe amaranth)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGossypium barbadense (Gallini cotton)PresentNativePIER (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGrevillea robusta (silky oak)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGunnera tinctoria (giant rhubarb)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGymnocoronis spilanthoides (Senegal tea plant)PresentHolm et al. (1979); USA, USDA-ARS (2008); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily)PresentOchoa and Andrade (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelanthium bolivianumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliocarpus americanus (white moho)Present, LocalizedNativeUSDA-ARS (2012); Lay (1949); Grandtner and Chevrette (2013); Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliotropium curassavicum (salt heliotrope)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliotropium indicum (Indian heliotrope)PresentJohnston (1928)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHevea brasiliensis (rubber)PresentFAO (2009); Constantino (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHibiscus elatus (blue mahoe)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedWeaver and Francis (1989); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHippeastrum puniceum (Barbados lily)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHolcus lanatus (common velvet grass)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2013); Missouri Botanical Garden (2013); PIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHura crepitans (sand box)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort)PresentUSDA-ARS (2004); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHymenachne amplexicaulis (hymenachne)Present, WidespreadNativeTovar (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyparrhenia rufa (Jaragua grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyptis brevipes (lesser roundweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyptis spicigera (black sesame)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyptis suaveolens (pignut)PresentNativeGBIF (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaImpatiens balsamina (garden balsam)PresentIntroducedInvasiveOchoa and Andrade (2003); GRIIS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo)PresentIntroducedPIER (2013); Peru Checklist (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera tinctoria (true indigo)PresentIntroducedBisby et al. (1994); ILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera trita (Asian indigo)PresentILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaInga punctata (ice cream bean tree)Present, WidespreadNativeIUCN (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea alba (white moonflower )PresentNativeStaples (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea cairica (five-fingered morning glory)PresentIntroducedStaples (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea carneaPresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea hederifolia (scarlet-creeper )PresentNativeStaples (2016); Witt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea nil (white edge morning-glory)PresentNativeStaples (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea purpurea (tall morning glory)PresentNativeDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea quamoclit (cypress vine)PresentIntroducedStaples (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIsatis tinctoria (dyer's woad)PresentIntroducedPeru Checklist (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIschaemum rugosum (saramollagrass)Present, LocalizedHolm et al. (1977); Clayton et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIxora finlaysoniana (white jungle flame)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJasminum multiflorum (star jasmine)PresentIntroducedBrako and Zarucchi (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJatropha curcas (jatropha)Present, PlantedNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJatropha gossypiifolia (bellyache bush)Present, WidespreadNativePinedo et al. (1997); CSIRO (1998); Padua et al. (1999); Ocampo and Balick (2009); USDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus effusus (common rush)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Balslev (1996); Kirschner (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus tenuis (slender rush)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJusticia pectoralis (freshcut)PresentNativeDaniel (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells)PresentIntroducedBoiteau and Allorge-Boiteau (1995); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLamarckia aureaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLamium amplexicaule (henbit deadnettle)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLantana camara (lantana)PresentNativeMorton (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLathyrus odoratus (sweet pea)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLaunaea intybacea (bitter lettuce)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna aequinoctialis (lesser duckweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna minutaPresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna perpusilla (duckweed)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeonotis nepetifolia (Christmas candlestick)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeonurus japonicus (honeyweed)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeptochloa fusca (sprangletop)PresentNativeWCSP (2018); PIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeptochloa mucronata (mucronate sprangletop )PresentNativeeMonocot (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); PIER (2016); Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2016); Diaz C. (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucaena leucocephala (leucaena)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucanthemum vulgare (oxeye daisy)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLimnobium laevigatum (South American spongeplant)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLimnocharis flava (yellow bur-head)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLindernia crustacea (Malaysian false pimpernel)PresentIntroducedLewis (2000)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass)Present, WidespreadIntroducedHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia grandiflora (water primrose)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia octovalvis (primrose willow)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia peploides (water primrose)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (1997); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia peruviana (primrose willow)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLuffa acutangula (angled luffa)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLuffa aegyptiaca (loofah)PresentZipcode Zoo (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLythrum maritimum (pukamole)Present, WidespreadNativeGray (1854); Missouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMacroptilium atropurpureum (siratro)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMalvaviscus penduliflorus (Turk's cap mallow)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMangifera indica (mango)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedMissouri Botanical Garden (2014); Javier-Alva et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaManilkara zapota (sapodilla)PresentIntroducedOrwa et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMaranta arundinacea (arrowroot)PresentNativeGovaerts (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMarrubium vulgare (horehound)PresentIntroducedWeiss et al. (2000)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMedicago lupulina (black medick)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMedicago polymorpha (bur clover)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMegathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelilotus albus (honey clover)PresentIntroducedRandall (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelinis minutiflora (molasses grass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelinis repens (natal redtop)Present, LocalizedIntroducedGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia aegyptia (hairy woodrose)PresentNativeBrako and Zarucchi (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia cissoides (roadside woodrose)PresentNativeBrako and Zarucchi (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia tuberosa (woodrose)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia umbellata (hogvine)PresentNativeBrako and Zarucchi (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMesembryanthemum crystallinum (crystalline iceplant)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMesosphaerum pectinatum (comb bushmint)Present, WidespreadNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMiconia calvescens (miconia)Present, LocalizedNativeMeyer (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMikania micrantha (bitter vine)PresentCock (1981); PIER (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa diplotricha (giant sensitive plant)PresentNativeILDIS (2001)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant)PresentNativeWorld Agroforestry Centre (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa pudica (sensitive plant)Present, WidespreadNativeInvasiveHolm et al. (1977); Ordonez and Reyes (1984)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMomordica balsamina (common balsam apple)PresentIntroducedPOWO (2020); Missouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMomordica charantia (bitter gourd)PresentScholz (1988); Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMorus nigra (black mulberry)PresentLim (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMuntingia calabura (Jamaica cherry)Present, WidespreadNativeBrako and Zarucchi (1993); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMurraya paniculata (orange jessamine)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMyriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather)PresentOrchard (1981); Leon et al. (1998); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMyroxylon balsamum (Peru balsam)PresentNativeILDIS (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNandina domestica (Nandina)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNerium oleander (oleander)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicandra physalodes (apple of Peru)PresentQuerci et al. (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicotiana paniculataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicotiana plumbaginifolia (Tex-Mex tobacco)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017); Missouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicotiana tabacum (tobacco)PresentNativeCandolle (1885); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNopalea cochenillifera (cochineal cactus)Absent, Formerly presentHanelt (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNymphaea ampla (dot-leaf water-lily)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOeceoclades maculata (monk orchid)PresentIntroducedDodson (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOenothera roseaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines)PresentIntroducedOliveira and Souza (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOldenlandia lancifolia (calycose mille graines)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOryza rufipogon (wild rice)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOxalis corniculata (creeping woodsorrel)PresentHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOxalis latifolia (sorrel)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPachira aquatica (pachira nut)PresentNativeBrako and Zarucchi (1993); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPachira insignis (wild chestnut)PresentNativeBrako and Zarucchi (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPachystachys coccinea (Cardinal's guard)PresentNativeBrako and Zarucchi (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParkinsonia aculeata (Mexican palo-verde)Present, PlantedNativeILDIS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed)PresentDale (1981); Missouri Botanical Garden (2018); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia creeper)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalidium geminatum (Egyptian paspalidium)PresentNativeRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012); Cano et al. (1998); Leon et al. (1998); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass)Present, WidespreadNativeHolm et al. (1979); Clayton et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum distichum (knotgrass)PresentNativeChase (1929); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum fasciculatum (bull grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum notatum (Bahia grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum paniculatum (Russell River grass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum virgatum (sword grass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora edulis (passionfruit)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora foetida (red fruit passion flower)PresentNativeKillip (1938); Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora ligularis (sweet granadilla)Present, WidespreadNativeDavidse et al. (1994); Salazar-Mendoza et al. (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora suberosa (corkystem passionflower)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora tarminiana (banana passionfruit)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora tripartita var. mollissima (banana passionfruit)Present, WidespreadNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2003); USDA-ARS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPastinaca sativa (parsnip)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979); Versteeg and Medina (1982); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum polystachion (mission grass)PresentIntroducedHafliger and Scholz (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum purpureum (elephant grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPersicaria punctata (dotted smartweed)PresentNativePIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPetiveria alliacea (guinea hen weed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhaseolus lunatus (lima bean)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhleum pratense (timothy grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhragmites australis (common reed)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhyllanthus urinaria (leafflower)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhyllostachys aurea (golden bamboo)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhysalis angulata (cutleaf groundcherry)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1997); Missouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhysalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPimenta dioica (allspice)PresentFAO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus halepensis (Aleppo pine)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus oocarpa (ocote pine)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus patula (Mexican weeping pine)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus radiata (radiata pine)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPiper aduncum (spiked pepper)PresentNativeStarr et al. (2003); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPistia stratiotes (water lettuce)PresentCABI (Undated); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind)Present, PlantedNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlantago major (broad-leaved plantain)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlectranthus scutellarioides (coleus)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPoa annua (annual meadowgrass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1997); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolycarpon tetraphyllum (fourleaf allseed)PresentIntroducedPIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolygonum aviculare (prostrate knotweed)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPontederia rotundifoliaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPortulaca oleracea (purslane)PresentIntroducedSeidenschwarz (1986)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPortulaca pilosa (kiss-me-quick)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaProsopis pallida (mesquite)Present, WidespreadNativeBurkart (1976); Díaz Celis (1995); Álvarez et al. (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPrunella vulgaris (self-heal)PresentIntroducedWCSP (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPrunus serotina (black cherry)Present, PlantedIntroducedEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPseudelephantopus spicatus (false elephant’s foot)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPsidium guajava (guava)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012); World Agroforestry Centre (2002); FAO (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPyracantha coccinea (scarlet firethorn)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaQuamoclit hederifoliaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRanunculus cymbalariaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRaphanus raphanistrum (wild radish)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRhizophora mangle (red mangrove)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRivina humilis (bloodberry)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRosmarinus officinalis (rosemary)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRotala ramosiorPresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasivePleasant et al. (1990); Millhollon and Burner (1993); Valverde et al. (1999); Fujisaka et al. (2000); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex acetosella (sheep's sorrel)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex crispus (curled dock)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRusselia equisetiformis (firecracker plant)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRytidostylis carthagenensisPresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalix humboldtiana (pencil willow)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia coccinea (scarlet sage)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia occidentalis (West Indian sage)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSamanea saman (rain tree)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2002); World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSanchezia parvibracteata (sanchezia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSansevieria trifasciata (mother-in-law’s tongue)PresentIntroducedVásquez et al. (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchinus molle (false pepper tree)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchizolobium parahyba (Brazilian fern tree)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSechium edule (chayote)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedPeru Checklist (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna alata (candle bush)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna bacillaris (whitebark senna)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna hirsuta (hairy senna)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna multijuga (November shower)PresentPIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna obtusifolia (sicklepod)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna occidentalis (coffee senna)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna septemtrionalis (smooth senna)PresentIntroducedIrwin and Barneby (1982); ILDIS (2014); Missouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna spectabilis (whitebark senna)PresentNativeILDIS (2014); PIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail)Present, WidespreadNativeGBIF (2012); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria verticillata (bristly foxtail)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSida acuta (sida)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1977)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSida linifolia (flaxleaf fanpetals)PresentNativeEncyclopedia of Life (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSida repens (Javanese fanpetals)PresentKrapovickas (2006)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSilene gallica (common catchfly)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSilybum marianum (variegated thistle)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum mammosum (nipplefruit nightshade)PresentLim (2013); USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum mauritianum (tobacco tree)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum nigrum (black nightshade)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum quitoense (naranjilla)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum seaforthianum (Brazilian nightshade)PresentGentry and Standley (1974)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum sisymbriifolium (sticky nightshade)PresentNativePOWO (2020); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum tuberosum (potato)PresentUSDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum viarum (tropical soda apple)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSoliva sessilisPresentNativeMacBride (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedFlora Mesoamericana (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveGutte (1978); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSorghum halepense (Johnson grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1991); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpartium junceum (Spanish broom)PresentIntroducedInvasiveOchoa and Andrade (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpathodea campanulata (African tulip tree)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSphagneticola trilobata (wedelia)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpondias purpurea (red mombin)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus indicus (rat tail grass)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus pyramidalis (giant rat’s tail grass)PresenteMonocot (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus pyramidatus (whorled dropseed)PresentNativeGiraldo-Cañas and Peterson (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus tenuissimus (tropical dropseed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStachys arvensis (staggerweed)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1979); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStachytarpheta cayennensis (blue snakeweed)Present, Few occurrencesNativeVargas (1943); Munir (1992); Davidse et al. (2012); PIER (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStenotaphrum secundatum (buffalo grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSterculia apetala (Panama tree)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStictocardia tiliifolia (spottedheart)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSynedrella nodiflora (synedrella)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSyngonium podophyllum (arrowhead vine)PresentNativeCroat (1981); Govaerts (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSyzygium jambos (rose apple)Present, PlantedIntroducedMorton (1987)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTabebuia rosea (pink poui)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTagetes erecta (Mexican marigold)PresentIntroducedGRIIS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTagetes minuta (stinking Roger)PresentNativeInvasiveHolm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTamarindus indica (tamarind)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTanacetum vulgare (tansy)PresentIntroducedDillon (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTaraxacum officinale complex (dandelion)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTecoma stans (yellow bells)PresentPelton (1964)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTectona grandis (teak)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTephrosia candida (white tephrosia)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTerminalia catappa (Singapore almond)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach)PresentMacbride (1937)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia alata (black eyed Susan)PresentIntroducedDaniel (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia fragrans (whitelady)PresentIntroducedDaniel (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTithonia rotundifolia (red sunflower)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaToona ciliata (toon)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTrachypogon spicatus (spiked crinkleawn)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia pallida (purple queen)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia spathacea (boat lily)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia zebrina (wandering jew)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTragus berteronianusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTragus racemosus (stalker bur grass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriadica sebifera (Chinese tallow tree)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTribulus cistoides (false puncture vine)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriplaris americana (ant tree)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriumfetta rhomboidea (diamond burbark)PresentNativeBrako and Zarucchi (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriumfetta semitriloba (burweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTurbina corymbosa (Christmas vine)PresentNativeBrako and Zarucchi (1993); USDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTurnera ulmifolia (West Indian holly)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTypha angustifolia (lesser bulrush)Present, WidespreadCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTypha domingensis (southern cattail)PresentNativeBrako and Zarucchi (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrena lobata (caesar weed)PresentNativeInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa decumbens (signal grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa humidicola (koronivia grass)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa mutica (para grass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUtricularia gibbaPresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVachellia macracantha (porknut)PresentILDIS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbena brasiliensisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbena litoralis (blue vervain)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVeronica serpyllifolia (thymeleaf speedwell)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVulpia bromoides (squirreltail fescue)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVulpia myuros (annual fescue)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaXanthium spinosum (bathurst burr)PresentNativeGBIF (2013); USDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaXanthosoma sagittifolium (elephant ear)PresentNativeGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaZinnia peruviana (Peruvian zinnia)PresentNativeCABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2016);
EukaryotaProtistaParamyxeaMarteilia refringensAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaBonamia exitiosaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaBonamia ostreaeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaMikrocystos mackiniAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaPerkinsus marinusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaPerkinsus olseniAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaToxoplasma gondiiPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaTritrichomonas foetusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaTrypanosoma equiperdumAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaTrypanosoma evansiPresentIntroducedDesquesnes (2004); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
VirusAfrican horse sickness virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusAfrican swine fever virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusalcelaphine herpesvirus 1Absent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusArterivirusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusavian infectious bronchitis virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusavian metapneumovirusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusAvipoxvirusPresentKirmse (1967)
VirusBanana streak diseasePresentPasberg-Gauhl et al. (2007)
VirusBarley yellow dwarf viruses (barley yellow dwarf)PresentDubin et al. (1984); Fox et al. (1990)
Virusbluetongue virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusbovine herpesvirus 1Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusbovine leukemia virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusbovine viral diarrhea virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Viruscamelpox virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Viruscaprine arthritis encephalitis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusCitrus leprosis virus C (leprosis of citrus)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2014)
Virusclassical swine fever virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusduck hepatitis A virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Viruseastern equine encephalitis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusepizootic haematopoietic necrosis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusequid herpesvirus 1AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusequine arteritis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusequine infectious anaemia virusPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2018); OIE (2020)
Virusequine influenzavirusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusfoot-and-mouth disease virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusfowlpox virusPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusGallid herpesvirus 2PresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusHaliotid herpesvirus 1Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusinfectious bursal disease virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusinfectious haematopoietic necrosis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusinfectious myonecrosis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusinfluenza A virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusIris yellow spot virus (iris yellow spot)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022); Mullis et al. (2006); Mullis et al. (2006); Nischwitz et al. (2007); CABI and EPPO (2014)
VirusJapanese encephalitis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Viruslumpy skin disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusMaize chlorotic mottle virusPresentCABI and EPPO (2014); Castillo and Hebert (1974)
VirusMaize dwarf mosaic virus (dwarf mosaic of maize)PresentNault et al. (1979); CABI and EPPO (2003); CABI (Undated);
VirusMaize lethal necrosis diseasePresentCastillo and Hebert (1974)
Virusmyxoma virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusNairobi sheep disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
VirusNewcastle disease virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusNipah virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusPepino mosaic virusPresent, WidespreadJones et al. (1980); Soler et al. (2002); Soler et al. (2002); Moreno-Pérez et al. (2014); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
Viruspeste des petits ruminants virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusPotato spindle tuber viroid (spindle tuber of potato)PresentSingh (1983); Querci et al. (1995); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022)
Virusrabbit hemorrhagic disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusrabies virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusRift Valley fever virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusrinderpest virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusspring viraemia of carp virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusSugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic)PresentISSCT (1989); EPPO (2022)
VirusSuid herpesvirus 1AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusSweet potato feathery mottle virus (internal cork disease of sweet potato)PresentCABI and EPPO (2003); Gutiérrez et al. (2003); EPPO (2022)
Virusswine vesicular disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusTaura syndrome virusAbsentOIE (2019); Lighter et al. (1995); OIE (2019)
VirusTomato brown rugose fruit virus (Tomato brown rugose fruit virus)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
Virustransmissible gastroenteritis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusVenezuelan equine encephalitis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virusviral hemorrhagic septicemia virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusvisna/maedi virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
VirusWest Nile virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Viruswestern equine encephalitis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)

List of Species CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Species which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database and selected invasive species databases). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

List of Animal Diseases

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The table lists the animal diseases recorded in the Compendium for this region (from the full disease datasheets). For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Disease Distribution Origin Invasive References
abalone viral ganglioneuritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
acarapisosis of honey beesAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
actinomycosisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
acute hepatopancreatic necrosis diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Aeromonas infection in fishAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
African horse sicknessAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
African swine feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
American foul broodAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
anaplasmosisPresentLora and Koechlin (1969); OIE Handistatus (2005)
anthraxAbsentOIE (2019); Food & Agriculture Organization (1972); OIE (1997); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
atrophic rhinitis of swineAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Aujeszky's diseaseAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
avian chlamydiosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
avian infectious bronchitisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
avian influenzaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
avian leukosisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma gallisepticum)Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma synoviae)Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
avian tuberculosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
avipoxPresentKirmse (1967)
babesiosisAbsent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)OIE (2009)
blacklegPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
bluetongueAbsentOIE (2019); Rosadio et al. (1984); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bonamia roughleyi (Australian winter disease) of oystersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
bonamiosis (Bonamia exitiosa)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bonamiosis (Bonamia ostreae)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Borrelia anserina infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
botulismAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
bovine anaplasmosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine babesiosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine genital campylobacteriosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine herpesvirus 1 infectionsPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine parainfluenza 3 infectionPresentSolís G. et al. (2010)
bovine spongiform encephalopathyAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine tuberculosisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine venereal trichomonosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine viral diarrhoeaPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
brucellosis (Brucella abortus)Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
brucellosis (Brucella melitensis)AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
brucellosis (Brucella ovis)Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
brucellosis (Brucella suis)AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Burkholderia pseudomallei infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
camel poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
caprine arthritis encephalitisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
caseous lymphadenitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Chrysomya bezziana infestationAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
ChytridiomycosisPresentSeimon et al. (2007)
classical swine feverPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
coccidiosisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Cochliomyia hominivorax infestationPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
contagious agalactiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
contagious bovine pleuropneumoniaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
contagious caprine pleuropneumoniaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
contagious ecthymaPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
contagious equine metritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
contagious ophthalmiaPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
cryptosporidiosis in livestock and poultryPresentBlack et al. (1989); Checkley et al. (1997); Ortega et al. (1997); Checkley et al. (1998); Bern et al. (2002); Kumlaut˜rbling (2002); Palmer et al. (2003)
Denman island diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
dermatophilosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Dichelobacter nodosus infectionPresentRosadio (2000)
dourineAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
duck viral enteritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
duck virus hepatitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
EchinococcusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2009)
Echinococcus granulosusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Echinococcus multilocularisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
enteric redmouth diseasePresentBravo and Kojagura (2004)
enzootic abortion of ewesAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
enzootic bovine leukosisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
epizootic haematopoietic necrosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
epizootic haemorrhagic diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
epizootic lymphangitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
equine coital exanthemaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine encephalomyelitis (Western)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine infectious anaemiaPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2018); OIE (2020)
equine influenzaAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine piroplasmosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine rhinopneumonitisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine viral arteritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
European foul broodPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); Schotman (1989); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
foot-and-mouth disease in pigsAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
foot-and-mouth disease in ruminantsAbsentOIE (2019); Kitching (1998); OIE (2004); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
fowl choleraAbsent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)OIE (2009)
fowl typhoidAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
fowlpoxPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Fusobacterium necrophorum infectionsPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
glandersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Gyrodactylus salaris infectionAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
haemorrhagic septicaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
haplosporidiosis of pacific oystersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
heartwaterAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
horse poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
ichthyophthiriosisPresentWurtsbaugh and Tapia (1988)
infection with Marteilia refringensAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
infection with Perkinsus marinusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
infection with Perkinsus olseniAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Infection with salmonid alphavirusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
infectious bursal diseaseAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
infectious coryzaPresentMorales-Erasto et al. (2016)
infectious haematopoietic necrosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
infectious laryngotracheitisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (1996); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
infectious myonecrosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Japanese encephalitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
leishmaniosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
leptospirosisAbsent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)OIE (2009)
lumpy skin diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
malignant catarrhal feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Mannheimia haemolytica infectionsPresentRosadio et al. (2011)
Marek's diseaseAbsent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Mycoplasma agalactiae infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
myxomatosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Nairobi sheep diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
necrotizing hepatopancreatitisPresentGuevara and Alfaro (2012)
Newcastle diseasePresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Nipah virus infectionAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Oncorhynchus masou virus diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
paratuberculosisAbsentOIE (2019); Ramos Saco (1953); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
peste des petits ruminantsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
porcine enterovirus infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndromePresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
pullorum diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
pulmonary adenomatosisPresentCuba-Caparo (1945); Cuba-Caparo et al. (1961); Snyder et al. (1983); Ellis et al. (1993); OIE Handistatus (2005)
Q feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); Blair et al. (2004); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
rabbit haemorrhagic diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
rabiesPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Rift Valley feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
rinderpestAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
scrapieAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
sheep and goat poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
small hive beetle infestationAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
surraPresentIntroducedDesquesnes (2004); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
swine vesicular diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Taura syndromeAbsentOIE (2019); Lighter et al. (1995); OIE (2019)
theileriosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Tilapia lake virusPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2020)
Tilapia lake virus diseasePresentOIE (2020); OIE (2020)
toxoplasmosisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
transmissible gastroenteritis and porcine respiratory coronovirus infectionAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
TrichinellaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Tropilaelaps infestation of honey beesAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
trypanosomosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
tuberculosisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005)
tularaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
turkey rhinotracheitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
varroosis of honey beesAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Venezuelan equine encephalitisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
vesicular stomatitisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2009); Strozzi and Ramos-saco (1953); Federer et al. (1967)
viral haemorrhagic septicaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
visna/maediPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); Madewell et al. (1987); Pépin et al. (1998); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
West Nile feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Xenohaliotis californiensis infectionAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
yellow head diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)

List of Animal Diseases CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Animal Diseases which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

Agricultural Production

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Crop   2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Almonds, with shellArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantityMMMMM
Anise, badian, fennel, corianderArea harvested68783331354
Production quantity57066258252
Yield8,333 Fc8,046 Fc7,952 Fc7,795 Fc7,119 Fc
ApplesArea harvested7,8218,5809,7019,7599,744
Production quantity142,284140,569149,787158,098159,550
Yield181,926 Fc163,833 Fc154,404 Fc162,002 Fc163,742 Fc
ApricotsArea harvested107 Im103 Im100 Im97 Im97 Im
Production quantity254 Im250 Im247 Im244 Im240 Im
Yield23,738 Fc24,272 Fc24,700 Fc25,155 Fc24,742 Fc
ArtichokesArea harvested7,0288,0698,6466,0935,513
Production quantity131,882154,552145,068108,80189,983
Yield187,652 Fc191,538 Fc167,786 Fc178,567 Fc163,220 Fc
AsparagusArea harvested31,75331,00532,36531,96733,870
Production quantity366,758360,630383,098378,306369,032
Yield115,503 Fc116,313 Fc118,368 Fc118,343 Fc108,955 Fc
AvocadosArea harvested42,78841,17139,62937,87133,590
Production quantity535,911504,532466,796455,394367,110
Yield125,248 Fc122,545 Fc117,792 Fc120,249 Fc109,291 Fc
BananasArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantityMMMMM
BarleyArea harvested136,103137,308133,144135,744145,837
Production quantity215,509213,385202,974204,497227,168
Yield15,834 Fc15,541 Fc15,245 Fc15,065 Fc15,577 Fc
Beans, dryArea harvested72,21574,97865,98870,94678,571
Production quantity85,94288,86675,70680,88789,575
Yield11,901 Fc11,852 Fc11,473 Fc11,401 Fc11,401 Fc
Beans, greenArea harvested3,9613,6333,4174,8475,014
Production quantity11,22412,06811,73214,73415,832
Yield28,336 Fc33,218 Fc34,334 Fc30,398 Fc31,576 Fc
BlueberriesArea harvested8,5026,0114,1341,9451,158
Production quantity142,42794,80552,30122,97810,585
Yield167,522 Fc157,719 Fc126,514 Fc118,139 Fc91,408 Fc
Brazil nuts, with shellArea harvested12,052 Im11,951 Im11,851 Im11,881 Im11,462 Im
Production quantity6,205 Im6,151 Im6,096 Im6,136 Im5,795 Im
Yield5,149 Fc5,147 Fc5,144 Fc5,165 Fc5,056 Fc
Broad beans, horse beans, dryArea harvested57,81056,69650,97853,91157,873
Production quantity86,38883,51372,81871,91980,526
Yield14,943 Fc14,730 Fc14,284 Fc13,340 Fc13,914 Fc
Cabbages and other brassicasArea harvested2,3262,3482,2982,5462,716
Production quantity36,08936,32633,17137,79539,564
Yield155,155 Fc154,710 Fc144,347 Fc148,449 Fc145,670 Fc
Carrots and turnipsArea harvested7,5127,3257,5687,6177,533
Production quantity191,557178,744176,866172,244176,220
Yield255,001 Fc244,019 Fc233,702 Fc226,131 Fc233,931 Fc
Cashew nuts, with shellArea harvested511569603558565
Production quantity1,6992,6683,2482,6632,556
Yield33,249 Fc46,889 Fc53,864 Fc47,724 Fc45,239 Fc
CassavaArea harvested104,040104,46898,03299,109101,453
Production quantity1,286,0131,239,7411,196,4491,180,9551,230,036
Yield123,608 Fc118,672 Fc122,047 Fc119,157 Fc121,242 Fc
Castor oil seedArea harvestedImImImImIm
Production quantityImImImImIm
Cauliflowers and broccoliArea harvested5,5675,2985,2395,7561,603
Production quantity75,17172,46470,23774,40119,517
Yield135,030 Fc136,776 Fc134,066 Fc129,258 Fc121,753 Fc
Cereals nesArea harvested9,390 Im9,342 Im9,287 Im9,232 Im9,346 Im
Production quantity7,826 Im7,790 Im7,750 Im7,709 Im7,798 Im
Yield8,334 Fc8,339 Fc8,345 Fc8,350 Fc8,344 Fc
Cereals, TotalArea harvested1,218,292 A1,255,186 A1,219,020 A1,236,762 A1,289,293 A
Production quantity5,292,630 A5,662,752 A5,140,588 A5,179,255 A5,469,457 A
Yield43,443 Fc45,115 Fc42,170 Fc41,878 Fc42,422 Fc
CherriesArea harvested11111
Production quantity34344
Yield30,000 Fc40,000 Fc30,000 Fc40,000 Fc40,000 Fc
Cherries, sourArea harvested227225213178207
Production quantity1,5621,3601,3011,2251,214
Yield68,811 Fc60,444 Fc61,080 Fc68,820 Fc58,647 Fc
ChestnutArea harvested126 Im130 Im135 Im139 Im137 Im
Production quantity607 Im621 Im635 Im649 Im638 Im
Yield48,175 Fc47,769 Fc47,037 Fc46,691 Fc46,569 Fc
Chick peasArea harvested6369878534341,697
Production quantity7361,2159704942,348
Yield11,572 Fc12,310 Fc11,372 Fc11,382 Fc13,836 Fc
Chillies and peppers, dryArea harvested4,0424,4304,3135,4133,625
Production quantity23,31226,23224,21331,08521,378
Yield57,674 Fc59,214 Fc56,140 Fc57,427 Fc58,974 Fc
Chillies and peppers, greenArea harvested9,49411,1739,5828,8437,982
Production quantity160,979175,707153,289131,066119,096
Yield169,559 Fc157,260 Fc159,976 Fc148,214 Fc149,206 Fc
Citrus Fruit, TotalArea harvested68,909 A79,217 A77,372 A76,301 A68,842 A
Production quantity1,399,322 A1,328,947 A1,159,196 A1,249,223 A1,166,638 A
Yield203,068 Fc167,760 Fc149,821 Fc163,723 Fc169,466 Fc
Cocoa, beansArea harvested130,378160,419147,304125,580120,374
Production quantity135,928134,676121,814107,92292,592
Yield10,426 Fc8,395 Fc8,270 Fc8,594 Fc7,692 Fc
CoconutsArea harvested2,1512,3832,3922,3452,442
Production quantity34,35632,92332,64532,35334,104
Yield159,721 Fc138,158 Fc136,476 Fc137,966 Fc139,656 Fc
Coffee, greenArea harvested359,508432,409424,129383,973379,187
Production quantity363,291369,622337,330277,760251,938
Yield10,105 Fc8,548 Fc7,953 Fc7,234 Fc6,644 Fc
Cow peas, dryArea harvested15,79411,58617,91217,31216,294
Production quantity21,53914,15920,34124,20019,435
Yield13,637 Fc12,221 Fc11,356 Fc13,979 Fc11,928 Fc
Cucumbers and gherkinsArea harvested2,1612,4132,6342,8872,764
Production quantity44,94744,28847,66856,01649,616
Yield207,992 Fc183,539 Fc180,972 Fc194,028 Fc179,508 Fc
DatesArea harvested141141858571
Production quantity367274224217192
Yield26,028 Fc19,433 Fc26,353 Fc25,529 Fc27,042 Fc
Eggplants (aubergines)Area harvested2938203037
Production quantity356476261361431
Yield122,759 Fc125,263 Fc130,500 Fc120,333 Fc116,486 Fc
Fibre Crops PrimaryArea harvested19,785 A20,949 A8,331 A18,271 A27,095 A
Production quantity260 A259 A259 A258 A252 A
Yield131 Fc124 Fc311 Fc141 Fc93 Fc
FigsArea harvested490563540524541
Production quantity3,0952,9472,7432,6742,570
Yield63,163 Fc52,345 Fc50,796 Fc51,031 Fc47,505 Fc
Fruit PrimaryArea harvested428,902 A450,377 A440,588 A423,289 A415,085 A
Production quantity7,031,476 A6,607,998 A6,086,485 A6,216,025 A5,947,765 A
Yield163,941 Fc146,721 Fc138,145 Fc146,851 Fc143,290 Fc
Fruit, citrus nesArea harvested3,786 Im3,717 Im3,649 Im3,582 Im3,501 Im
Production quantity68,353 Im67,188 Im66,024 Im64,860 Im63,810 Im
Yield180,541 Fc180,759 Fc180,937 Fc181,072 Fc182,262 Fc
Fruit, fresh nesArea harvested20,732 Im20,322 Im19,569 Im18,454 Im11,939 Im
Production quantity127,371 Im127,000 F126,000 F125,000 F124,500 F
Yield61,437 Fc62,494 Fc64,388 Fc67,736 Fc104,280 Fc
Fruit, tropical fresh nesArea harvested25,871 Im27,186 Im26,007 Im24,448 Im22,943 Im
Production quantity240,033 Im251,555 Im240,000 F225,000 F212,365 Im
Yield92,781 Fc92,531 Fc92,283 Fc92,032 Fc92,562 Fc
GarlicArea harvested7,9249,9348,7907,6998,469
Production quantity83,297105,09794,88778,20589,752
Yield105,120 Fc105,795 Fc107,949 Fc101,578 Fc105,977 Fc
GingerArea harvested3,498 Im2,937 Im3,676 Im2,042 Im1,503 Im
Production quantity25,835 Im21,700 F27,170 F15,100 F11,150 F
Yield73,856 Fc73,885 Fc73,912 Fc73,947 Fc74,185 Fc
Grapefruit (inc. pomelos)Area harvested837858842820857
Production quantity6,5236,6806,8076,7197,755
Yield77,933 Fc77,855 Fc80,843 Fc81,939 Fc90,490 Fc
GrapesArea harvested32,40832,54329,77727,94626,650
Production quantity638,204645,545645,012689,957597,939
Yield196,928 Fc198,367 Fc216,614 Fc246,889 Fc224,367 Fc
Groundnuts, with shellArea harvested3,5093,7354,0134,0893,525
Production quantity5,2885,7055,7716,9776,057
Yield15,070 Fc15,274 Fc14,381 Fc17,063 Fc17,183 Fc
JuteArea harvested176 Im174 Im173 Im172 Im167 Im
Production quantity260 Im259 Im259 Im258 Im252 Im
Yield14,773 Fc14,885 Fc14,971 Fc15,000 Fc15,090 Fc
Leeks, other alliaceous vegetablesArea harvested1,2181,1661,1051,2141,243
Production quantity23,84622,07420,81222,15523,197
Yield195,780 Fc189,314 Fc188,344 Fc182,496 Fc186,621 Fc
Lemons and limesArea harvested25,84026,63826,28426,16521,401
Production quantity301,919270,663179,886282,918281,007
Yield116,842 Fc101,608 Fc68,439 Fc108,128 Fc131,306 Fc
LentilsArea harvested3,1552,9832,8492,6233,173
Production quantity2,9362,7012,5392,3162,973
Yield9,306 Fc9,055 Fc8,912 Fc8,830 Fc9,370 Fc
Lettuce and chicoryArea harvested6,9787,0667,0346,7416,400
Production quantity79,51277,60374,09973,55968,624
Yield113,947 Fc109,826 Fc105,344 Fc109,122 Fc107,225 Fc
LinseedArea harvested1,1681,1471,3081,003883
Production quantity1,0891,1311,132833791
Yield9,324 Fc9,861 Fc8,654 Fc8,305 Fc8,958 Fc
LupinsArea harvested11,92511,82310,32611,11510,189
Production quantity16,45816,86613,78314,01913,305
Yield13,801 Fc14,265 Fc13,348 Fc12,613 Fc13,058 Fc
MaizeArea harvested455,501462,076446,426464,887513,834
Production quantity1,579,7961,579,1421,523,4691,509,8091,746,428
Yield34,683 Fc34,175 Fc34,126 Fc32,477 Fc33,988 Fc
Maize, greenArea harvested44,32647,53340,02944,39245,230
Production quantity421,870453,228388,859398,750396,186
Yield95,174 Fc95,350 Fc97,144 Fc89,825 Fc87,594 Fc
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavasArea harvested29,60029,62929,30923,07330,723
Production quantity541,121383,021385,304377,382349,805
Yield182,811 Fc129,272 Fc131,463 Fc163,560 Fc113,858 Fc
Melons, other (inc.cantaloupes)Area harvested1,1361,1891,1691,2371,115
Production quantity18,50920,01418,94221,14822,341
Yield162,931 Fc168,326 Fc162,036 Fc170,962 Fc200,368 Fc
Nuts nesArea harvested802 Im795 Im787 Im779 Im767 Im
Production quantity1,957 Im1,915 Im1,874 Im1,832 Im1,806 Im
Yield24,401 Fc24,088 Fc23,812 Fc23,517 Fc23,546 Fc
OatsArea harvested14,81015,29314,43715,79312,998
Production quantity20,71421,48719,86020,84615,908
Yield13,986 Fc14,050 Fc13,756 Fc13,200 Fc12,239 Fc
Oil palm fruitArea harvested72,86166,22858,95151,05743,140
Production quantity912,929921,001852,022736,345684,301
Yield125,297 Fc139,065 Fc144,531 Fc144,220 Fc158,623 Fc
OilcropsArea harvested121,931 A117,422 A97,132 A94,805 A95,444 A
Production quantity1,204,829 A1,195,845 A997,160 A879,625 A835,938 A
Yield98,812 Fc101,842 Fc102,660 Fc92,783 Fc87,584 Fc
Oilcrops, Cake EquivalentArea harvested100,545 A95,535 A75,947 A77,686 A78,218 A
Production quantity54,030 A49,851 A41,013 A44,513 A51,027 A
Yield5,374 Fc5,218 Fc5,400 Fc5,730 Fc6,524 Fc
Oilcrops, Oil EquivalentArea harvested121,931 A117,422 A97,132 A94,805 A95,444 A
Production quantity253,418 A253,266 A212,225 A184,092 A171,384 A
Yield20,784 Fc21,569 Fc21,849 Fc19,418 Fc17,957 Fc
Oilseeds nesArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantityMMMMM
OlivesArea harvested21,38621,88721,18517,11917,226
Production quantity190,986188,98280,34956,15738,427
Yield89,304 Fc86,344 Fc37,927 Fc32,804 Fc22,308 Fc
Onions, dryArea harvested15,66616,16618,25418,09318,797
Production quantity631,580643,954722,436705,633760,192
Yield403,153 Fc398,338 Fc395,769 Fc390,003 Fc404,422 Fc
OrangesArea harvested26,01731,15631,38030,86028,877
Production quantity514,931502,822498,454490,869456,154
Yield197,921 Fc161,388 Fc158,844 Fc159,063 Fc157,964 Fc
PapayasArea harvested9,71312,32312,89212,32811,350
Production quantity171,667175,988177,171169,437144,730
Yield176,739 Fc142,813 Fc137,427 Fc137,441 Fc127,515 Fc
Peaches and nectarinesArea harvested4,7175,6685,8235,6125,565
Production quantity46,53845,47345,88451,19451,491
Yield98,660 Fc80,228 Fc78,798 Fc91,222 Fc92,527 Fc
PearsArea harvested346469504503518
Production quantity4,0604,5484,2673,9294,391
Yield117,341 Fc96,972 Fc84,663 Fc78,111 Fc84,768 Fc
Peas, dryArea harvested45,18448,24347,30248,15250,534
Production quantity51,84154,37150,22350,15453,157
Yield11,473 Fc11,270 Fc10,618 Fc10,416 Fc10,519 Fc
Peas, greenArea harvested34,43736,26033,37233,95134,295
Production quantity129,198142,328130,645120,125133,335
Yield37,517 Fc39,252 Fc39,148 Fc35,382 Fc38,879 Fc
Pepper (piper spp.)Area harvested9910110889103
Production quantity142144221210251
Yield14,343 Fc14,257 Fc20,463 Fc23,596 Fc24,369 Fc
PineapplesArea harvested14,53515,28615,45814,88315,182
Production quantity568,907548,465494,642461,286450,635
Yield391,405 Fc358,802 Fc319,991 Fc309,942 Fc296,822 Fc
Plantains and othersArea harvested152,893162,102160,610160,646167,839
Production quantity2,280,1032,194,8761,981,0472,073,9952,145,361
Yield149,131 Fc135,401 Fc123,345 Fc129,103 Fc127,823 Fc
Plums and sloesArea harvested1,5241,7221,7241,7491,749
Production quantity7,9488,4837,4139,0318,093
Yield52,152 Fc49,262 Fc42,999 Fc51,635 Fc46,272 Fc
PotatoesArea harvested329,980325,592310,400310,698315,511
Production quantity5,331,0635,131,5354,776,2944,514,2394,704,976
Yield161,557 Fc157,606 Fc153,875 Fc145,293 Fc149,122 Fc
Pulses nesArea harvested2,239 Im2,152 Im3,395 Im3,000 F2,400 F
Production quantity3,317 Im3,187 Im4,945 Im4,300 F3,500 F
Yield14,815 Fc14,809 Fc14,566 Fc14,333 Fc14,583 Fc
Pulses, TotalArea harvested208,958 A209,448 A199,603 A207,493 A220,731 A
Production quantity269,157 A264,878 A241,325 A248,289 A264,819 A
Yield12,881 Fc12,646 Fc12,090 Fc11,966 Fc11,997 Fc
Pumpkins, squash and gourdsArea harvested8,9899,0698,0069,0159,808
Production quantity227,334224,571197,203220,483253,075
Yield252,902 Fc247,625 Fc246,319 Fc244,573 Fc258,029 Fc
QuincesArea harvested661562841839646
Production quantity6,2084,8487,3527,2396,958
Yield93,918 Fc86,263 Fc87,420 Fc86,281 Fc107,709 Fc
QuinoaArea harvested65,28065,78761,72164,22369,303
Production quantity89,77586,73878,65779,269105,666
Yield13,752 Fc13,185 Fc12,744 Fc12,343 Fc15,247 Fc
Rice, paddyArea harvested414,509437,938426,253419,563399,501
Production quantity3,188,3063,557,9003,115,5443,165,7493,151,408
Yield76,918 Fc81,242 Fc73,091 Fc75,453 Fc78,884 Fc
Rice, paddy (rice milled equivalent)Production quantity2,126,600 Fc2,373,119 Fc2,078,068 Fc2,111,555 Fc2,101,989 Fc
Roots and tubers nesArea harvested35,091 Im35,770 Im36,128 Im36,404 Im39,709 Im
Production quantity270,851 Im269,731 Im268,611 Im267,334 Im275,383 Im
Yield77,185 Fc75,407 Fc74,350 Fc73,435 Fc69,350 Fc
Roots and Tubers, TotalArea harvested486,314 A481,598 A459,080 A461,612 A473,533 A
Production quantity7,192,875 A6,919,595 A6,500,579 A6,234,299 A6,502,593 A
Yield147,906 Fc143,680 Fc141,600 Fc135,055 Fc137,321 Fc
Rubber, naturalArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantityMMMMM
RyeArea harvested5082689678
Production quantity52897110075
Yield10,400 Fc10,854 Fc10,441 Fc10,417 Fc9,615 Fc
Seed cottonArea harvested19,60920,7758,15818,09926,928
Production quantity58,30844,19523,33345,35870,153
Yield29,735 Fc21,273 Fc28,601 Fc25,061 Fc26,052 Fc
Sesame seedArea harvested456435382302240
Production quantity398378327231194
Yield8,728 Fc8,690 Fc8,560 Fc7,649 Fc8,083 Fc
SorghumArea harvested2554444439
Production quantity92209164168157
Yield36,800 Fc38,704 Fc37,273 Fc38,182 Fc40,256 Fc
SoybeansArea harvested7918327437911,060
Production quantity1,4751,5301,5811,3711,911
Yield18,647 Fc18,389 Fc21,279 Fc17,332 Fc18,028 Fc
Spices nesArea harvested1,049 Im1,026 Im1,002 Im979 Im981 Im
Production quantity2,990 Im2,920 Im2,849 Im2,780 Im2,766 Im
Yield28,503 Fc28,460 Fc28,433 Fc28,396 Fc28,196 Fc
SpinachArea harvested1,3161,1971,2021,6181,715
Production quantity28,64325,46024,49328,53530,018
Yield217,652 Fc212,698 Fc203,769 Fc176,360 Fc175,032 Fc
StrawberriesArea harvested1,3231,4531,2731,2801,210
Production quantity28,08423,16324,74525,69025,256
Yield212,275 Fc159,415 Fc194,383 Fc200,703 Fc208,727 Fc
String beansArea harvested9,432 Im8,702 Im8,573 F8,564 F8,573 F
Production quantity27,193 Im25,930 Im25,500 F25,400 F25,540 F
Yield28,831 Fc29,798 Fc29,745 Fc29,659 Fc29,791 Fc
Sugar caneArea harvested87,09584,83877,52587,69684,574
Production quantity10,929,34110,336,1789,399,6179,832,52610,211,856
Yield1,254,876 Fc1,218,343 Fc1,212,463 Fc1,121,206 Fc1,207,446 Fc
Sugar Crops PrimaryArea harvested87,095 A84,838 A77,525 A87,696 A84,574 A
Production quantity10,929,341 A10,336,178 A9,399,617 A9,832,526 A10,211,856 A
Yield1,254,876 Fc1,218,343 Fc1,212,463 Fc1,121,206 Fc1,207,446 Fc
Sweet potatoesArea harvested16,76415,37014,16715,14116,356
Production quantity301,344275,323256,434269,670288,164
Yield179,757 Fc179,130 Fc181,008 Fc178,106 Fc176,182 Fc
Tangerines, mandarins, clementines, satsumasArea harvested12,42916,84815,21714,87414,206
Production quantity507,596481,594408,025403,857357,912
Yield408,396 Fc285,846 Fc268,138 Fc271,519 Fc251,944 Fc
TeaArea harvested2,0401,7761,5782,0802,139
Production quantity1,6001,0852,1773,3073,785
Yield7,843 Fc6,109 Fc13,796 Fc15,899 Fc17,695 Fc
Tobacco, unmanufacturedArea harvested212204208229218
Production quantity2,0451,9382,0542,0771,770
Yield96,462 Fc95,000 Fc98,750 Fc90,699 Fc81,193 Fc
TomatoesArea harvested4,8615,5395,6186,0705,904
Production quantity202,242253,449220,618232,898236,287
Yield416,050 Fc457,572 Fc392,698 Fc383,687 Fc400,215 Fc
Treenuts, TotalArea harvested13,560 A13,521 A13,452 A13,424 A13,003 A
Production quantity10,951 A11,667 A12,153 A11,574 A11,120 A
Yield8,076 Fc8,629 Fc9,034 Fc8,622 Fc8,552 Fc
Vegetables PrimaryArea harvested222,576 A233,448 A220,998 A224,898 A225,520 A
Production quantity3,038,743 A3,182,479 A3,074,247 A3,029,908 A3,052,740 A
Yield136,526 Fc136,325 Fc139,107 Fc134,724 Fc135,364 Fc
Vegetables, fresh nesArea harvested3,356 Im3,545 Im3,192 F3,192 F3,189 F
Production quantity92,032 Im93,000 F84,000 F86,100 F86,000 F
Yield274,231 Fc262,341 Fc263,158 Fc269,737 Fc269,677 Fc
Vegetables, leguminous nesArea harvested14,24215,96914,05413,76314,865
Production quantity73,03380,53069,30564,34171,243
Yield51,280 Fc50,429 Fc49,313 Fc46,749 Fc47,927 Fc
Walnuts, with shellArea harvested6976766772
Production quantity483312300294325
Yield70,000 Fc41,053 Fc39,474 Fc43,881 Fc45,139 Fc
WatermelonsArea harvested4,4573,9113,8573,5303,405
Production quantity127,498101,33196,10885,68095,797
Yield286,062 Fc259,092 Fc249,178 Fc242,720 Fc281,342 Fc
WheatArea harvested122,624127,306127,640127,180138,357
Production quantity190,560196,012192,099191,108214,849
Yield15,540 Fc15,397 Fc15,050 Fc15,027 Fc15,529 Fc
Yautia (cocoyam)Area harvested439398353260504
Production quantity3,6043,2652,7912,1014,034
Yield82,096 Fc82,035 Fc79,065 Fc80,808 Fc80,040 Fc
Flag
No flag = Official data
A = Aggregate, may include official, semi-official, estimated or calculated data
F = FAO estimate
Fc = Calculated data
Im = FAO data based on imputation methodology
M = Data not available

Units
Area harvested = ha
Production quantity = tonnes
Yield = hg/ha

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (2021). FAOSTAT - Food and agriculture data, http://www.fao.org/faostat/. Reproduced with permission.

Land Usage

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Land Use   2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Agricultural landArea23,609 Fm23,667 Fm23,687 Fm23,334 Fm23,779 Fm
AgricultureArea23,609 Fc23,667 Fc23,687 Fc23,334 Fc23,779 Fc
Agriculture area certified organicArea309 I185 W226 W209 W176 W
Agriculture area under organic agric.Area311 I311 W324 W327 W263 W
Arable landArea3,430 Fm3,488 Fm3,508 Fm3,155 Fm3,600 Fm
Country areaArea128,522 Q128,522 Q128,522 Q128,522 Q128,522 Q
CroplandArea4,809 Fm4,867 W4,887 W4,534 W4,979 Fm
Cropland area certified organicArea308 I
Cropland area under organic agric.Area311 I
Forest landArea72,676 Q72,835 Q73,010 Q73,195 Q73,366 Fm
Inland watersArea522 Fm522 Fm522 Fm522 Fm522 Fm
Land areaArea128,000 Fm128,000 Fm128,000 Fm128,000 Fm128,000 Fm
Land area equipped for irrigationArea2,600 Fm2,600 Fm2,600 Fm2,600 Fm2,600 Fm
Land under perm. meadows and pasturesArea18,800 Fm18,800 Fm18,800 Fm18,800 Fm18,800 Fm
Land under permanent cropsArea1,379 Fm1,379 Fm1,379 Fm1,379 Fm1,379 Fm
Land with temporary fallowArea1,383 W1,567 W1,598 W1,354 W
Naturally regenerating forestArea71,600 Q71,765 Q71,946 Q72,137 Q72,326 Fm
Other landArea31,715 Fc31,498 Fc31,303 Fc31,471 Fc30,855 Fc
Perm. meadows & pastures area certified organicArea0 I
Perm. meadows & pastures area under organic agric.Area0 I
Planted ForestArea1,076 Q1,070 Q1,064 Q1,057 Q1,040 Fm
Primary ForestArea65,790 Fm65,790 Fm65,790 Q65,937 Fm
Land under protective coverArea
Perm. meadows & pastures - CultivatedArea
Perm. meadows & pastures - Nat. growingArea
Flag
Fc = Calculated data
Fm = Manual Estimation
I = Country data reported by International Organizations where the country is a member (Semi-official) - WTO, EU, UNSD, etc.
Q = Official data reported on FAO Questionnaires from countries
W = Data reported on country official publications or web sites (Official) or trade country files

Units
Area = 1000 ha

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (2021). FAOSTAT - Food and agriculture data, http://www.fao.org/faostat/. Reproduced with permission.
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