| | | Cucumis dipsaceus (hedgehog gourd) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2016) |
| | | yellow head virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Clavibacter michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato) | Present | | | Bradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Clavibacter sepedonicus (potato ring rot) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | Bradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Dermatophilus congolensis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (sugarcane ratoon stunting disease) | Present | | | Bradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Bacteria | | Actinobacteria [phylum] | Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Bacteroidetes | Paenibacillus larvae | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Bacillus anthracis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris (yellow disease phytoplasmas) | Present | | | Schneider et al. (1993); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Melissococcus plutonius | Present | | | Schotman (1989); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma gallisepticum | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) type | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Mycoplasma synoviae | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Firmicutes | Spiroplasma kunkelii (corn stunt spiroplasma) | Present | | | Nault et al. (1979); Davis et al. (1981); CABI and EPPO (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Anaplasma marginale | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella abortus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella melitensis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella ovis | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Brucella suis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Burkholderia pseudomallei | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Candidatus Hepatobacter penaei | Present | | | Guevara and Alfaro (2012) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Coxiella burnetii | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ehrlichia ruminantium | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Francisella tularensis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Mannheimia haemolytica | Present | | | Rosadio et al. (2011) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pasteurella multocida | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (oleander knot) | Present | | Invasive | Bradbury (1986); UK, CAB International (1987) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum race 1 (bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Ralstonia solanacearum race 2 (moko disease) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2021) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella Abortusequi | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella abortusovis | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella gallinarum | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Salmonella pullorum | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Taylorella equigenitalis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Vibrio parahaemolyticus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas citri (citrus canker) | Absent, Confirmed absent by survey | | | EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas translucens pv. cerealis (bacterial leaf streak of grasses) | Present | | | EPPO (2014) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens (bacterial leaf streak of barley) | Present | | | Duveiller et al. (1991); Bragard et al. (1995); CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xenohaliotis californiensis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Bacteria | | Proteobacteria | Xylella fastidiosa (Pierce's disease of grapevines) | Absent, Confirmed absent by survey | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Peronosclerospora sorghi (sorghum downy mildew) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Chromista | Oomycota | Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1982); Gavino and Fry (2002) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Blumeria graminis (powdery mildew of grasses and cereals) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2004) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Ceratocystis fimbriata (Ceratocystis blight) | Present, Localized | | | Rada (1939); Krug and Quartey-Papafio (1964); Soberanis et al. (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) | Present | Introduced | | SENASA (2021); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (Fusarium wilt) | Present, Localized | | | UK, CAB International (1982); Delgado and Agurto (1984); Assigbetse et al. (1994); Fernandez et al. (1994); Skovgaard et al. (2001) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Guignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot) | Absent, Confirmed absent by survey | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Mycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Jones (2003); CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Pseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.) | Absent, Confirmed absent by survey | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Pseudocercospora ulei (South American leaf blight of rubber (SALB)) | Present | Native | Invasive | Hennings (1904); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Ascomycota | Trichoconiella padwickii (stackburn disease) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Vallejos and Mattos (1990) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Moniliophthora perniciosa (witches' broom disease of cacao) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002); Arevalo et al. (2008); Marelli et al. (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Moniliophthora roreri (frosty pod rot) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Phillips-Mora (2003); Hernández et al. (1990); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals) | Present, Localized | | | Mont et al. (1977); CIMMYT (1988) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Puccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2008) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Thecaphora solani (potato smut) | Present, Localized | Native | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) | Present | | | Seimon et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Synchytrium endobioticum (wart disease of potato) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Acarapis woodi (honeybee mite) | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aethina tumida | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Agrotis ipsilon (black cutworm) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022); UK, CAB International (1995) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurodicus cocois (coconut whitefly) | Present | | | Núñez del Prado et al. (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurodicus dispersus (whitefly) | Present | | | Mound and Halsey (1978); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Amphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle) | Present | | | Darwin (1854); Henry and McLaughlin (1975) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha fraterculus (South American fruit fly) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Wulp (1899); Stone (1942); Korytkowski (2001); Vera et al. (2006); Hernández-Ortiz et al. (2015); Scally et al. (2016); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha grandis (South American cucurbit fruit fly) | Present, Localized | Native | | Korytkowski and Ojeda (1969); Norrbom (1991); CABI and EPPO (2001); Korytkowski (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha obliqua (West Indian fruit fly) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Korytkowski (2001); CABI/EPPO (2011); Scally et al. (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha serpentina (sapodilla fruit fly) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Greene (1934); Stone (1942); Stone (1942); Norrbom et al. (1999); CABI and EPPO (2001); Korytkowski (2001); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Anastrepha striata (guava fruit fly) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Stone (1942); Couturier et al. (1993); Korytkowski (2001); CABI and EPPO (2002); Vasquez et al. (2002); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale) | Present | Native | | Nakahara (1982) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1968); Mallqui and Cobián (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1969); Ortiz (1980); Mallqui and Cobián (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Apis mellifera scutellata (africanized bee) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Artemia (brine shrimp) | Present | Native | | Van (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1966) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Balanus amphitrite (striped barnacle) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Márquez-Martín et al. (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Boophilus microplus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Brevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite) | Present | | | Escobar-Garcia et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Bruchophagus roddi (alfalfa seed chalcid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1988) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Callosobruchus maculatus (cowpea weevil) | Present, Widespread | | | Haines (1981) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Harris and Olalquiaga (1991); Gasparich et al. (1997); Davies et al. (1999); Gasperi et al. (2002); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cherax quadricarinatus (redclaw crayfish) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale) | Present | | | Beingolea (1969); UK, CAB International (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm) | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm) | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Crocidosema plebejana (cotton tipworm) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Cryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Snyder (1922) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Culex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Richards et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dialeurodes citri (citrus whitefly) | Present | | | International Institute of Entomology (1996); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Diaspidiotus perniciosus (San José scale) | Present, Widespread | | | Nakahara (1982); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1972); Ben-Dov (1994) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (grey pineapple mealybug) | Present | | | García Morales et al. (2016); Williams and Granara de Willink (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Eriosoma lanigerum (woolly aphid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1975) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug) | Present | | | Ben-Dov (1994) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips) | Present | Introduced | | Nakahara (1997); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Geococcus coffeae (coffee root mealybug) | Present | | | Williams and Granara de Willink (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Glycaspis brimblecombei (red gum lerp psyllid) | Present | | | Burckhardt et al. (2008); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Greenidea ficicola | Present | | | CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gymnandrosoma aurantianum (citrus fruit borer) | Present | | | Escalante et al. (1981); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Gynaikothrips ficorum (Cuban laurel thrips) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1983); Jacot-Guillarmod and Brothers (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Harmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Helicoverpa zea (American cotton bollworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1961) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale (USA)) | Present | | | Schotman (1989) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Heteropsylla cubana (leucaena psyllid) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1988); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hypogeococcus pungens (cactus mealybug) | Present | Native | | Ben-Dov (1994); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer) | Present | | | Cristancho et al. (2007); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Hypsipyla grandella (mahogany shoot borer) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated); Dourojeani (1973); Yamazaki et al. (1990); The International Barcode of Life Consortium (2016) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | UK, CAB International (1971); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Linepithema humile (Argentine ant) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Dale (1974); Wild (2004); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer) | Present, Localized | | | Scheffer and Lewis (2001); CABI and EPPO (2002); Mujica and Kroschel (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza sativae (vegetable leaf miner) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Liriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Litopenaeus vannamei (whiteleg shrimp) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Macrobrachium rosenbergii (giant freshwater prawn) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Macrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid) | Present | Introduced | | UK, CAB International (1984) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Megaplatypus mutatus | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992); CABI and EPPO (2006); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Monomorium pharaonis (pharaoh ant) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Mononychellus tanajoa (cassava green mite) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) | Present | | | Smith and Cermeli (1979); UK, CAB International (1979) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Neoleucinodes elegantalis (eggplant stem borer) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Anteparra et al. (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Nipaecoccus nipae (spiked mealybug) | Present | | | Ben-Dov (1994); CABI and EPPO (2005) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Opogona sacchari (banana moth) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Davis and Peña (1990); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Oryzaephilus surinamensis (saw toothed grain beetle) | Present | | | Champ and Dyte (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paraleyrodes bondari | Present | | | NHM (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Paratrechina longicornis (crazy ant) | Present | Introduced | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Penaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn) | Absent, Formerly present | | | Shrimp News (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phenacoccus peruvianus | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2014); Granara de Willink and Szumik (2007); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phoracantha semipunctata (eucalyptus longhorned borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea absoluta (tomato leafminer) | Present, Widespread | | | Meyrick (1917); Povolny (1975); Razuri and Vargas (1975); Schotman (1989); Oliver and Bringas (2002); Cifuentes et al. (2011); Haddi et al. (2012); CABI and EPPO (2013); Carpio et al. (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth) | Present, Widespread | | | Keller (2003); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Phyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); UK, CAB International (1986); Cruz and Dale (1999); Meca et al. (2009); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug) | Present | | | Pelley (1968); CABI and EPPO (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) | Present | | | Salinas (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Polyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Prostephanus truncatus (larger grain borer) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | SENASA (2021); Hodges (1986) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale) | Present | | | Nakahara (1982); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Pseudococcus viburni (obscure mealybug) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Salazar (1972) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhynchophorus palmarum (South American palm weevil) | Present | | | Esser and Meredith (1987); Vargas et al. (2013); Panduro-Pisco et al. (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Rhyzopertha dominica (lesser grain borer) | Present | | | Fernandez Hermoza (1972) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Russelliana solanicola | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Saissetia oleae (olive scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1952) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sepedomerus macropus (liverfluke snail predator fly) | Present | | | Neff and Berg (1966); Boyes et al. (1969) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitophilus oryzae (lesser grain weevil) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Sitophilus zeamais (greater grain weevil) | Present | | | Champ and Dyte (1976) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Solenopsis geminata (tropical fire ant) | Present | Native | | Escalante G. (1979); Gotzek et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Solenopsis invicta (red imported fire ant) | Present | Native | | Pitts (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera eridania (southern armyworm) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2006) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); Huanuqueño et al. (2021) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant) | Present | Introduced | | Wetterer (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tibraca limbativentris (stinkbug) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid) | Present, Widespread | | | Essig (1949); CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Trialeurodes vaporariorum (whitefly, greenhouse) | Present | | | Byrne et al. (1990); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Tropilaelaps | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Unaspis citri (citrus snow scale) | Present | | | UK, CAB International (1962); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Varroa destructor (Varroa mite) | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Viteus vitifoliae (grapevine phylloxera) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Wahlgreniella nervata | Present | | | Mallqui and Cobián (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Wasmannia auropunctata (little fire ant) | Present | Native | | ISSG (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xyleborus volvulus | Present | Native | | Wood and Bright (1992) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Arthropoda | Xylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Amatitlania nigrofasciata (convict cichlid) | Present | Introduced | | Ortega et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Aristichthys nobilis (bighead carp) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); FishBase (2004); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Astronotus ocellatus (oscar) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Kullander (1986); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bos taurus (cattle) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Botrylloides perspicuus | Present | | | Sanamyan and Schories (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bubalus bubalis (Asian water buffalo) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Long (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Bubulcus ibis (cattle egret) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Carassius auratus auratus (goldfish) | Present | Introduced | | Froese and Pauly (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cervus elaphus (red deer) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Long (2003); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cichla ocellaris (peacock cichlid) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Winemiller (2001); Kullander and Ferreira (2006); Willis et al. (2012); Espínola et al. (2015); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ciona intestinalis (sea vase) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Columba livia (pigeons) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ctenopharyngodon idella (grass carp) | Present | Introduced | | Shireman and Smith (1983); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Cyprinus carpio (common carp) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); FAO (1996); Lever (1998) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Didelphis marsupialis (common opossum) | Present, Widespread | Native | | IUCN (2015) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Equus ferus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Gambusia affinis (western mosquitofish) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Gambusia holbrooki (eastern mosquitofish) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Froese and Pauly (2008) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Hoplosternum littorale (armoured catfish) | Present | Native | | FishBase (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp) | Present | Introduced | | Froese and Pauly (2004); FishBase (2005); Seebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Iguana iguana (iguana) | Present | Native | | Leenders (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Lepus europaeus (European hare) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Bonino et al. (2010); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Molothrus bonariensis (shiny cowbird) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis aureus (blue tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Pullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); Pullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Ovis aries (sheep) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2001) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Oxyura jamaicensis (ruddy duck) | Present, Localized | Native | | Fjeldså and Krabbe (1990) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Passer domesticus (house sparrow) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Phasianus colchicus (common pheasant) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Piaractus brachypomus (pirapitinga) | Present | Native | | Swedish Museum of Natural History (1999); Smithsonian Institution (2001); Froese and Pauly (2004); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Poecilia reticulata (guppy) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Polyandrocarpa zorritensis | Present | Native | | Turon and Perera (1988) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rana catesbeiana (American bullfrog) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | Kraus (2009); Santos-Barrera et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rattus rattus (black rat) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Rhinella marina (cane toad) | Present | Native | | Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Salmo trutta (sea trout) | Present | Introduced | | Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Salvelinus fontinalis (brook trout) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2004); Froese and Pauly (2010) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Salvelinus namaycush (lake trout) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Tyto alba (Barn owl) | Present | Native | | Bruce (1999) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Chordata | Xiphophorus maculatus (southern platyfish) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Achatina fulica (giant African land snail) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Vogler et al. (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Cornu aspersum (common garden snail) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Godan (1983); Escargot Peru (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Deroceras invadens (tramp slug) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Hutchinson et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Deroceras laeve (meadow slug) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Hutchinson et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Magallana gigas (Pacific oyster) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); Cisneros et al. (1995); Cisneros (1996) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Marisa cornuarietis (giant ramshorn) | Present, Localized | Native | | Ramírez et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Melanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Vivar et al. (1990); Seebens et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Pomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Mollusca | Pomacea maculata | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Ditylenchus destructor (potato tuber nematode) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | CABI (Undated); Jatala et al. (1977); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Ditylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Globodera pallida (white potato cyst nematode) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Picard et al. (2007); CABI/EPPO (2011); Thevenoux et al. (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Globodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode) | Present | Native | | Canto Saenz and Mayer de Scurrah (1977); Picard et al. (2007); Sullivan et al. (2007); CABI/EPPO (2011); Oro et al. (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Helicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode) | Present | | | Krusberg and Hirschmann (1958); CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode) | Present | | | Taylor et al. (1982); CABI and EPPO (2003) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne ethiopica (Root-knot nematode) | Present | | | Murga-Gutierrez et al. (2012); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode) | Present | | | Vargas and Pajuelo (1973); CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) | Present | | | Vargas and Pajuelo (1973); CABI and EPPO (2002); Murga-Gutierrez et al. (2012); Gómez-Chatata et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Meloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2002) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode) | Present | | | Sasser et al. (1962); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Rhadinaphelenchus cocophilus (red ring nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | Liceras Zarate (1967); CABI and EPPO (1999); Macedo (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Trichinella | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Tylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode) | Present, Widespread | | | Gomez and Martin (1967); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Nematoda | Xiphinema index (fan-leaf virus nematode) | Present | | | Lamberti et al. (1987); Alkemade and Loof (1990); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Echinococcus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2009) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Echinococcus granulosus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Echinococcus multilocularis | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Gyrodactylus salaris | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Metazoa | Platyhelminthes | Taenia solium | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Planctomycetes [kingdom] | | Chlamydophila abortus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Planctomycetes [kingdom] | | Chlamydophila psittaci | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Adiantum capillus-veneris | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Adiantum raddianum (delta maidenhair fern) | Present | Native | | Luteyn et al. (1999) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Azolla filiculoides (water fern) | Present | Native | | Reed (1962); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Blechnum appendiculatum (palm fern) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Blechnum cordatum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Christella dentata (soft fern) | Present, Localized | Native | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Diplazium esculentum (vegetable fern) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Smithsonian Museum of Natural History (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Macrothelypteris torresiana (swordfern) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Nephrolepis brownii (Asian swordfern) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteridium aquilinum (bracken) | Present | Native | | Thomson and Alonso-Amelot (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris tripartita (giant brake) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Pteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern) | Present | Introduced | | Seebens et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Salvinia auriculata (giant salvinia) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Salvinia minima | Present | Native | | GBIF (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Pteridophyta | Thelypteris opulenta (jewelled maiden fern) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Aponte (2012); Smith (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abelmoschus moschatus (musk mallow) | Present | Introduced | | Fryxell (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon grandifolium (hairy Indian mallow) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon hirtum (Indian mallow) | Present | Native | | Peru Checklist (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Abutilon indicum (country mallow) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2015); PROTA (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia angustissima (prairie acacia) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia caven (Roman cassie) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia crassicarpa (northern wattle) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia farnesiana (huisache) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia melanoxylon (Australian blackwood) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acacia saligna (coojong) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Coates (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acanthospermum australe (spiny-bur) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Acanthospermum hispidum (bristly starbur) | Present | Native | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Achillea millefolium (yarrow) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2015); PIER (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Achyranthes aspera (devil's horsewhip) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aeschynomene americana (shyleaf) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agave americana (century plant) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratina riparia (mistflower) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) | Present | Native | | Alva (1973); Holm et al. (1979); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ageratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Agropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Missouri Botanical Garden (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia julibrissin (silk tree) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | ILDIS (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Albizia lebbeck (Indian siris) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Allamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda) | Present | | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Allium neapolitanum (False onion weed) | Present | | | Witt and Luke (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alocasia macrorrhizos (giant taro) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aloe vera (true aloe) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alopecurus myosuroides (black-grass) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aloysia citrodora (lemon verbena) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alpinia purpurata (red ginger) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera caracasana | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera halimifolia (hairy joyweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera pungens (Khaki weed) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Alternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus blitum (livid amaranth) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); Missouri Botanical Garden (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus cruentus (red amaranth) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | Macbride (1937); Eliasson (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus deflexus (Perennial Pigweed) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus dubius (spleen amaranth) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus hybridus (smooth pigweed) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Amaranthus viridis (slender amaranth) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) | Present | | | USDA-ARS (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia peruviana (Peruvian ragweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ambrosia tenuifolia (lacy ragweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anagallis arvensis (scarlet pimpernel) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anethum graveolens (dill) | Present | | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona cherimola (cherimoya) | Present | | | Franciosi Tijero (1992); Morton (1987); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona muricata (soursop) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona reticulata (bullock's heart) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Annona squamosa (sugar apple) | Present | Introduced | | USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anredera baselloides (Madeira vine) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Anredera cordifolia (Madeira vine) | Present | Native | | PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Antigonon leptopus (coral vine) | Present | Introduced | | Burke and DiTommaso (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aristolochia elegans (elegant Dutchman’s pipe) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aristolochia littoralis (elegant dutchman's pipe) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Aristolochia ringens (Dutchman’s pipe) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Arundo donax (giant reed) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2007); Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asclepias curassavica (bloodflower) | Present | Native | | USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2011); USDA-ARS (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Asphodelus tenuifolius (onionweed) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Atriplex semibaccata (Australian saltbush) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica (cane cactus) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Austrocylindropuntia subulata (Eve’s needle cactus) | Present | Native | | Chinnock (2015); Missouri Botanical Garden (2019); USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Avena barbata (slender oat) | Present, Localized | | Invasive | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Avena fatua (wild oat) | Present | | | Hafliger and Scholz (1981) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Avena sterilis (winter wild oat) | Present, Localized | Native | | Holm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Axonopus compressus (carpet grass) | Present | | | Alegría et al. (1988) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Azadirachta indica (neem tree) | Present | Introduced | | World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bacopa monnieri (water hyssop) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bambusa vulgaris (common bamboo) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Basella alba (malabar spinach) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2017); Missouri Botanical Garden (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Batis maritima (saltwort) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bidens pilosa (blackjack) | Present | | | Bazan and Ochea (1974); Cerna and Valdéz (1987); GRIIS (2018); USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bixa orellana (annatto) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2015); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bocconia frutescens (plume poppy) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Boerhavia coccinea (scarlet spiderling) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Boerhavia diffusa (red spiderling) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015); Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bothriochloa barbinodis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Bougainvillea spectabilis (great bougainvillea) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica juncea (mustard) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica nigra (black mustard) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013); Gómez-Chatata et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brassica rapa (field mustard) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2018); Missouri Botanical Garden (2018); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brugmansia candida (angel's trumpet) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Brugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Buddleja davidii (butterfly bush) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caesalpinia decapetala (Mysore thorn) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Caladium bicolor (heart of Jesus) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calceolaria chelidonioides | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calceolaria tripartita | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calliandra houstoniana var. calothyrsus (calliandra) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Callisia repens (creeping inch-plant) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calopogonium caeruleum (jicama) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Calotropis procera (apple of sodom) | Present, Planted | Introduced | Invasive | World Agroforestry Centre (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canavalia ensiformis (jack bean) | Present | Introduced | | New York Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canna indica (canna lilly) | Present | Native | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Canna x generalis (canna lily) | Present | | | Witt and Luke (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Capsicum annuum (bell pepper) | Present | | | FAO (2009); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Capsicum baccatum (pepper) | Present | Native | | Eshbaugh (1970); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine) | Present | | | EPPO (2022); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carludovica palmata (Panama hat plant) | Present | Native | | IUCN (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Carpobrotus chilensis (sea fig) | Present | Introduced | | Useful Tropical Plants (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cascabela thevetia (yellow oleander) | Present | Native | | POWO (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia fistula (Indian laburnum) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cassia grandis (pink shower) | Present | | | ILDIS (2014); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina cunninghamiana (Australian beefwood) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina equisetifolia (casuarina) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Casuarina glauca (scaly oak (Australia)) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cedrela odorata (Spanish cedar) | Present | Native | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cenchrus echinatus (southern sandbur) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1977); Cerna Bazan and Rojas Vargas (1979); Holm et al. (1991); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centaurea melitensis (Maltese starthistle) | Present | Introduced | | Dillon (1982) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Centratherum punctatum (lark daisy) | Present | Native | | Kirkman (1981) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cestrum parqui (Chilean jessamine) | Present | | | Witt and Luke (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chamaecrista nictitans (sensitive partridge pea) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chenopodium album (fat hen) | Present | | | Aragón and Gutiérrez (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chenopodium murale (nettleleaf goosefoot) | Present, Widespread | | | Aragón and Gutiérrez (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris barbata (purpletop chloris) | Present | | | Hafliger and Scholz (1981) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris gayana (Rhodes grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris radiata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chloris virgata (feather finger grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed) | Present | Native | | Gautier (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Chrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver) | Present | Introduced | | Zuloaga et al. (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cinchona pubescens (quinine tree) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cinnamomum burmanni (padang cassia) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cinnamomum verum (cinnamon) | Present | Introduced | | USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cirsium vulgare (spear thistle) | Present | Introduced | | Forcella and Randall (1994); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cissus verticillata (possum grape vine) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Citrus aurantiifolia (lime) | Present | | | FAO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Citrus aurantium (sour orange) | Present | | | FAO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clerodendrum chinense (Chinese glory bower) | Present | Introduced | | Waterhouse (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clerodendrum thomsoniae (bleeding glory bower) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clidemia hirta (Koster's curse) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1979); Missouri Botanical Garden (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Clitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cocos nucifera (coconut) | Present | Introduced | | Henderson et al. (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Naturalized | Tovar and . (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Colocasia esculenta (taro) | Present | Introduced | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Combretum indicum (Rangoon creeper) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conium maculatum (poison hemlock) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2015); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Convolvulus arvensis (bindweed) | Present, Localized | | | Holm et al. (1977); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza canadensis (Canadian fleabane) | Present | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Conyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cordia alliodora (Ecuador laurel) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cortaderia jubata (purple pampas grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cosmos caudatus (wild cosmos) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2014); Brako and Zarucchi (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); Brako and Zarucchi (1993); USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora (montbretia) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria maypurensis (rattlebox weed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria retusa (rattleweed) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Crotalaria spectabilis (showy rattlepod) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Croton argenteus (silver July croton) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cryptostegia grandiflora (rubber vine) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cucumis anguria (West Indian gherkin) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuphea carthagenensis (Colombian waxweed) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cuphea hyssopifolia (false heather) | Present | Native | | Flora, Mesoamericana (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyclanthera pedata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cylindropuntia fulgida (jumping cholla) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Peru Checklist (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cylindropuntia rosea (hudson pear) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Peru Checklist (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) | Present | Introduced | | Zuloaga et al. (2003); Gade (1975) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynara cardunculus (cardoon) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus aggregatus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Diaz (1976); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) | Present | Introduced | | Sánchez-Zapata et al. (2012); Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus meyenianus (Meyen's flatsedge) | Present | Native | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993); Schwirkowski (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura ferox (fierce thornapple) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura innoxia (downy thorn apple) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura inoxia (Downy Thornapple) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Datura stramonium (jimsonweed) | Present | | | Alva (1973); Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Delonix regia (flamboyant) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Desmodium incanum (creeping beggerweed) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Desmodium uncinatum (Silver-leaf desmodium) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria bicornis (Asian crabgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria eriantha (pangola grass) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria fuscescens (yellow crab grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | PIER (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria insularis (sourgrass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Digitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Diodia teres (poorjoe) | Present | Native | | NYBG (2004) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dioscorea alata (white yam) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dioscorea bulbifera (air potato) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dipsacus fullonum (common teasel) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper) | Present | Native | | Ulloa (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Drymaria cordata (tropical chickweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Duranta erecta (golden dewdrop) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Dysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea) | Present | Introduced | | Randall (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa colona (junglerice) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) | Present | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1991); USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinochloa crus-pavonis (gulf cockspur grass) | Present | Native | | Tropicos (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Echinodorus horizontalis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eclipta prostrata (eclipta) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eichhornia azurea (anchored water hyacinth) | Present | Native | | USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009); USDA-ARS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) | Present, Localized | | | Gopal (1987); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) | Present | | | FAO (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Elephantopus mollis (elephant's foot) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eleusine indica (goose grass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia fosbergii (Florida tassel-flower) | Present | Introduced | | Davidse et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Emilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis amabilis (Japanese lovegrass) | Present | Introduced | | Peterson and Vega (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis atrovirens (thalia lovegrass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis ciliaris (gophertail lovegrass) | Present | Introduced | | Giraldo Cañas et al. (2012); Peterson and Vega (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass) | Present | Introduced | | Giraldo Cañas et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erechtites valerianifolius (tropical burnweed) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Belcher (1956) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane) | Present | Introduced | | Pruski (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erodium cicutarium (common storksbill) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erythrina berteroana (coralbean) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Erythrina poeppigiana (coral tree) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus | Present | | | Constantino (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus globulus (Tasmanian blue gum) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Eugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia hirta (garden spurge) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia hypericifolia (graceful spurge) | Present | Native | | PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia milii (crown-of-thorns) | Present | Introduced | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Euphorbia tithymaloides (devil's backbone) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fallopia convolvulus (black bindweed) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus carica (common fig) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated); FAO (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ficus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree) | Present | Introduced | | WBN Flora Database (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2014); Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Flemingia macrophylla (large leaf flemingia) | Present | Introduced | | Orwa et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Fragaria vesca (wild strawberry) | Present | | | Darrow (1966) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Furcraea foetida (Mauritius hemp) | Present | Introduced | | Smithsonian (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier) | Present, Localized | | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galphimia glauca (goldshower) | Present | Introduced | | MacBride (1950) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Galphimia gracilis (goldshower) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Geoffroea decorticans (Chilean palo verde) | Present, Localized | Native | Invasive | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gliricidia sepium (gliricidia) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | WAC (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gmelina arborea (candahar) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gomphrena globosa (globe amaranth) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gossypium barbadense (Gallini cotton) | Present | Native | | PIER (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Grevillea robusta (silky oak) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gunnera tinctoria (giant rhubarb) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Gymnocoronis spilanthoides (Senegal tea plant) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979); USA, USDA-ARS (2008); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily) | Present | | | Ochoa and Andrade (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Helanthium bolivianum | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heliocarpus americanus (white moho) | Present, Localized | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012); Lay (1949); Grandtner and Chevrette (2013); Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heliotropium curassavicum (salt heliotrope) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Heliotropium indicum (Indian heliotrope) | Present | | | Johnston (1928) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hevea brasiliensis (rubber) | Present | | | FAO (2009); Constantino (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hibiscus elatus (blue mahoe) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Weaver and Francis (1989); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hippeastrum puniceum (Barbados lily) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Holcus lanatus (common velvet grass) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2013); Missouri Botanical Garden (2013); PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hura crepitans (sand box) | Present | | | Witt and Luke (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort) | Present | | | USDA-ARS (2004); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hymenachne amplexicaulis (hymenachne) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Tovar (1981) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyparrhenia rufa (Jaragua grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis brevipes (lesser roundweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis spicigera (black sesame) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Hyptis suaveolens (pignut) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Impatiens balsamina (garden balsam) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Ochoa and Andrade (2003); GRIIS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo) | Present | Introduced | | PIER (2013); Peru Checklist (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera tinctoria (true indigo) | Present | Introduced | | Bisby et al. (1994); ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Indigofera trita (Asian indigo) | Present | | | ILDIS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Inga punctata (ice cream bean tree) | Present, Widespread | Native | | IUCN (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea alba (white moonflower ) | Present | Native | | Staples (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea cairica (five-fingered morning glory) | Present | Introduced | | Staples (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea carnea | Present | | | Witt and Luke (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea hederifolia (scarlet-creeper ) | Present | Native | | Staples (2016); Witt and Luke (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea nil (white edge morning-glory) | Present | Native | | Staples (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea purpurea (tall morning glory) | Present | Native | | Davidse et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ipomoea quamoclit (cypress vine) | Present | Introduced | | Staples (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Isatis tinctoria (dyer's woad) | Present | Introduced | | Peru Checklist (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ischaemum rugosum (saramollagrass) | Present, Localized | | | Holm et al. (1977); Clayton et al. (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ixora finlaysoniana (white jungle flame) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jasminum multiflorum (star jasmine) | Present | Introduced | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jatropha curcas (jatropha) | Present, Planted | Native | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Jatropha gossypiifolia (bellyache bush) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Pinedo et al. (1997); CSIRO (1998); Padua et al. (1999); Ocampo and Balick (2009); USDA-ARS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus effusus (common rush) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); Balslev (1996); Kirschner (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Juncus tenuis (slender rush) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Justicia pectoralis (freshcut) | Present | Native | | Daniel (2005) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Kalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells) | Present | Introduced | | Boiteau and Allorge-Boiteau (1995); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lamarckia aurea | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lamium amplexicaule (henbit deadnettle) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lantana camara (lantana) | Present | Native | | Morton (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lathyrus odoratus (sweet pea) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Launaea intybacea (bitter lettuce) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna aequinoctialis (lesser duckweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna minuta | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lemna perpusilla (duckweed) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leonotis nepetifolia (Christmas candlestick) | Present | Introduced | | Davidse et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leonurus japonicus (honeyweed) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa fusca (sprangletop) | Present | Native | | WCSP (2018); PIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leptochloa mucronata (mucronate sprangletop ) | Present | Native | | eMonocot (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); PIER (2016); Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2016); Diaz C. (undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Leucanthemum vulgare (oxeye daisy) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Limnobium laevigatum (South American spongeplant) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Limnocharis flava (yellow bur-head) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lindernia crustacea (Malaysian false pimpernel) | Present | Introduced | | Lewis (2000) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia grandiflora (water primrose) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia octovalvis (primrose willow) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia peploides (water primrose) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (1997); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ludwigia peruviana (primrose willow) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Luffa acutangula (angled luffa) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Luffa aegyptiaca (loofah) | Present | | | Zipcode Zoo (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Lythrum maritimum (pukamole) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Gray (1854); Missouri Botanical Garden (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Macroptilium atropurpureum (siratro) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Malvaviscus penduliflorus (Turk's cap mallow) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mangifera indica (mango) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Missouri Botanical Garden (2014); Javier-Alva et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Manilkara zapota (sapodilla) | Present | Introduced | | Orwa et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Maranta arundinacea (arrowroot) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Marrubium vulgare (horehound) | Present | Introduced | | Weiss et al. (2000) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago lupulina (black medick) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Medicago polymorpha (bur clover) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melilotus albus (honey clover) | Present | Introduced | | Randall (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Melinis repens (natal redtop) | Present, Localized | Introduced | | GBIF (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia aegyptia (hairy woodrose) | Present | Native | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia cissoides (roadside woodrose) | Present | Native | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia tuberosa (woodrose) | Present | Introduced | | Davidse et al. (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Merremia umbellata (hogvine) | Present | Native | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (crystalline iceplant) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mesosphaerum pectinatum (comb bushmint) | Present, Widespread | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Miconia calvescens (miconia) | Present, Localized | Native | | Meyer (1994) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mikania micrantha (bitter vine) | Present | | | Cock (1981); PIER (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa diplotricha (giant sensitive plant) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2001) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant) | Present | Native | | World Agroforestry Centre (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant) | Present, Widespread | Native | Invasive | Holm et al. (1977); Ordonez and Reyes (1984) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Mirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Momordica balsamina (common balsam apple) | Present | Introduced | | POWO (2020); Missouri Botanical Garden (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) | Present | | | Scholz (1988); Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Morus nigra (black mulberry) | Present | | | Lim (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Muntingia calabura (Jamaica cherry) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Murraya paniculata (orange jessamine) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather) | Present | | | Orchard (1981); Leon et al. (1998); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Myroxylon balsamum (Peru balsam) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2015); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nandina domestica (Nandina) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Introduced | | GBIF (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nerium oleander (oleander) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicandra physalodes (apple of Peru) | Present | | | Querci et al. (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicotiana paniculata | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicotiana plumbaginifolia (Tex-Mex tobacco) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2017); Missouri Botanical Garden (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) | Present | Native | | Candolle (1885); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nopalea cochenillifera (cochineal cactus) | Absent, Formerly present | | | Hanelt (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Nymphaea ampla (dot-leaf water-lily) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oeceoclades maculata (monk orchid) | Present | Introduced | | Dodson (1992) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oenothera rosea | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines) | Present | Introduced | | Oliveira and Souza (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oldenlandia lancifolia (calycose mille graines) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oryza rufipogon (wild rice) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oxalis corniculata (creeping woodsorrel) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Oxalis latifolia (sorrel) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pachira aquatica (pachira nut) | Present | Native | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pachira insignis (wild chestnut) | Present | Native | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pachystachys coccinea (Cardinal's guard) | Present | Native | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parkinsonia aculeata (Mexican palo-verde) | Present, Planted | Native | | ILDIS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed) | Present | | | Dale (1981); Missouri Botanical Garden (2018); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia creeper) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalidium geminatum (Egyptian paspalidium) | Present | Native | | Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012); Cano et al. (1998); Leon et al. (1998); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Holm et al. (1979); Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum distichum (knotgrass) | Present | Native | | Chase (1929); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum fasciculatum (bull grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum notatum (Bahia grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum paniculatum (Russell River grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Paspalum virgatum (sword grass) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora edulis (passionfruit) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora foetida (red fruit passion flower) | Present | Native | | Killip (1938); Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora ligularis (sweet granadilla) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Davidse et al. (1994); Salazar-Mendoza et al. (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora suberosa (corkystem passionflower) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora tarminiana (banana passionfruit) | Present, Only in captivity/cultivation | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (banana passionfruit) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003); USDA-ARS (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pastinaca sativa (parsnip) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979); Versteeg and Medina (1982); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum polystachion (mission grass) | Present | Introduced | | Hafliger and Scholz (1981) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Persicaria punctata (dotted smartweed) | Present | Native | | PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Petiveria alliacea (guinea hen weed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phaseolus lunatus (lima bean) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phleum pratense (timothy grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phragmites australis (common reed) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllanthus urinaria (leafflower) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Phyllostachys aurea (golden bamboo) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis angulata (cutleaf groundcherry) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1997); Missouri Botanical Garden (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pimenta dioica (allspice) | Present | | | FAO (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus halepensis (Aleppo pine) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus oocarpa (ocote pine) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus patula (Mexican weeping pine) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pinus radiata (radiata pine) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Piper aduncum (spiked pepper) | Present | Native | | Starr et al. (2003); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) | Present | | | CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind) | Present, Planted | Native | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plantago major (broad-leaved plantain) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Plectranthus scutellarioides (coleus) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Poa annua (annual meadowgrass) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1997); Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polycarpon tetraphyllum (fourleaf allseed) | Present | Introduced | | PIER (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polygonum aviculare (prostrate knotweed) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Polypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pontederia rotundifolia | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Portulaca oleracea (purslane) | Present | Introduced | | Seidenschwarz (1986) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Portulaca pilosa (kiss-me-quick) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2015); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prosopis pallida (mesquite) | Present, Widespread | Native | | Burkart (1976); Díaz Celis (1995); Álvarez et al. (2007) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prunella vulgaris (self-heal) | Present | Introduced | | WCSP (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Prunus serotina (black cherry) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pseudelephantopus spicatus (false elephant’s foot) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Psidium guajava (guava) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012); World Agroforestry Centre (2002); FAO (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Pyracantha coccinea (scarlet firethorn) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Quamoclit hederifolia | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Ranunculus cymbalaria | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Raphanus raphanistrum (wild radish) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1991) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rhizophora mangle (red mangrove) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rivina humilis (bloodberry) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) | Present | Introduced | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rotala ramosior | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Pleasant et al. (1990); Millhollon and Burner (1993); Valverde et al. (1999); Fujisaka et al. (2000); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex acetosella (sheep's sorrel) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex crispus (curled dock) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Russelia equisetiformis (firecracker plant) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Rytidostylis carthagenensis | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salix humboldtiana (pencil willow) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salvia coccinea (scarlet sage) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Salvia occidentalis (West Indian sage) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Samanea saman (rain tree) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2002); World Agroforestry Centre (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sanchezia parvibracteata (sanchezia) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sansevieria trifasciata (mother-in-law’s tongue) | Present | Introduced | | Vásquez et al. (2002) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schinus molle (false pepper tree) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Schizolobium parahyba (Brazilian fern tree) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sechium edule (chayote) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Peru Checklist (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna alata (candle bush) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna bacillaris (whitebark senna) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna hirsuta (hairy senna) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna multijuga (November shower) | Present | | | PIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna obtusifolia (sicklepod) | Present | | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna occidentalis (coffee senna) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna septemtrionalis (smooth senna) | Present | Introduced | | Irwin and Barneby (1982); ILDIS (2014); Missouri Botanical Garden (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Senna spectabilis (whitebark senna) | Present | Native | | ILDIS (2014); PIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail) | Present, Widespread | Native | | GBIF (2012); Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Setaria verticillata (bristly foxtail) | Present, Widespread | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1979) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida acuta (sida) | Present | Native | | Holm et al. (1977) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida linifolia (flaxleaf fanpetals) | Present | Native | | Encyclopedia of Life (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sida repens (Javanese fanpetals) | Present | | | Krapovickas (2006) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silene gallica (common catchfly) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Silybum marianum (variegated thistle) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum mammosum (nipplefruit nightshade) | Present | | | Lim (2013); USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum mauritianum (tobacco tree) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum nigrum (black nightshade) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum quitoense (naranjilla) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum seaforthianum (Brazilian nightshade) | Present | | | Gentry and Standley (1974) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum sisymbriifolium (sticky nightshade) | Present | Native | | POWO (2020); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum tuberosum (potato) | Present | | | USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Solanum viarum (tropical soda apple) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Soliva sessilis | Present | Native | | MacBride (1981) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle) | Present | Introduced | Naturalized | Flora Mesoamericana (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Gutte (1978); USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass) | Present, Localized | Introduced | Invasive | Holm et al. (1991); EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spartium junceum (Spanish broom) | Present | Introduced | Invasive | Ochoa and Andrade (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sphagneticola trilobata (wedelia) | Present | Native | | USA, USDA-ARS (2008) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Spondias purpurea (red mombin) | Present | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus indicus (rat tail grass) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus pyramidalis (giant rat’s tail grass) | Present | | | eMonocot (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus pyramidatus (whorled dropseed) | Present | Native | | Giraldo-Cañas and Peterson (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sporobolus tenuissimus (tropical dropseed) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachys arvensis (staggerweed) | Present | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1979); CABI (Undated); |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stachytarpheta cayennensis (blue snakeweed) | Present, Few occurrences | Native | | Vargas (1943); Munir (1992); Davidse et al. (2012); PIER (2015); USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stenotaphrum secundatum (buffalo grass) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Sterculia apetala (Panama tree) | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Stictocardia tiliifolia (spottedheart) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2019) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Synedrella nodiflora (synedrella) | Present, Widespread | | | Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Syngonium podophyllum (arrowhead vine) | Present | Native | | Croat (1981); Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Syzygium jambos (rose apple) | Present, Planted | Introduced | | Morton (1987) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tabebuia rosea (pink poui) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tagetes erecta (Mexican marigold) | Present | Introduced | | GRIIS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tagetes minuta (stinking Roger) | Present | Native | Invasive | Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tamarindus indica (tamarind) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2010) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tanacetum vulgare (tansy) | Present | Introduced | | Dillon (1981) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Taraxacum officinale complex (dandelion) | Present | Introduced | | Holm et al. (1997) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tecoma stans (yellow bells) | Present | | | Pelton (1964) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tectona grandis (teak) | Present, Planted | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tephrosia candida (white tephrosia) | Present | Introduced | | ILDIS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Terminalia catappa (Singapore almond) | Present | Introduced | | Davidse et al. (2009) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach) | Present | | | Macbride (1937) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thunbergia alata (black eyed Susan) | Present | Introduced | | Daniel (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Thunbergia fragrans (whitelady) | Present | Introduced | | Daniel (1995) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tithonia rotundifolia (red sunflower) | Present | Introduced | | Davidse et al. (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Toona ciliata (toon) | Present | Introduced | | GBIF (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Trachypogon spicatus (spiked crinkleawn) | Present | Native | | Clayton et al. (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia pallida (purple queen) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia spathacea (boat lily) | Present | Introduced | | Govaerts (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tradescantia zebrina (wandering jew) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tragus berteronianus | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tragus racemosus (stalker bur grass) | Present | Introduced | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2020) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triadica sebifera (Chinese tallow tree) | Present | | | EPPO (2022) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Tribulus cistoides (false puncture vine) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2003) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triplaris americana (ant tree) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2016) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triumfetta rhomboidea (diamond burbark) | Present | Native | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Triumfetta semitriloba (burweed) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Turbina corymbosa (Christmas vine) | Present | Native | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993); USDA-ARS (2018) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Turnera ulmifolia (West Indian holly) | Present | | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha angustifolia (lesser bulrush) | Present, Widespread | | | CABI (Undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Typha domingensis (southern cattail) | Present | Native | | Brako and Zarucchi (1993) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urena lobata (caesar weed) | Present | Native | Invasive | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa decumbens (signal grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2015) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa humidicola (koronivia grass) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (undated) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Urochloa mutica (para grass) | Present | Introduced | | Clayton et al. (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Utricularia gibba | Present | Native | | Missouri Botanical Garden (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vachellia macracantha (porknut) | Present | | | ILDIS (2017) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbena brasiliensis | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Verbena litoralis (blue vervain) | Present | Native | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Veronica serpyllifolia (thymeleaf speedwell) | Present | | | CABI Data Mining (2011) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vulpia bromoides (squirreltail fescue) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2012) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Vulpia myuros (annual fescue) | Present | Introduced | | USDA-ARS (2014) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xanthium spinosum (bathurst burr) | Present | Native | | GBIF (2013); USDA-ARS (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Xanthosoma sagittifolium (elephant ear) | Present | Native | | Govaerts (2013) |
Eukaryota | Plantae | Spermatophyta | Zinnia peruviana (Peruvian zinnia) | Present | Native | | CABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2016); |
Eukaryota | Protista | Paramyxea | Marteilia refringens | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Bonamia exitiosa | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Bonamia ostreae | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Mikrocystos mackini | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Perkinsus marinus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Perkinsus olseni | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Toxoplasma gondii | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Tritrichomonas foetus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Trypanosoma equiperdum | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Eukaryota | Protista | Protozoa | Trypanosoma evansi | Present | Introduced | | Desquesnes (2004); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | African horse sickness virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | African swine fever virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Arterivirus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | avian infectious bronchitis virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | avian metapneumovirus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Avipoxvirus | Present | | | Kirmse (1967) |
Virus | | | Banana streak disease | Present | | | Pasberg-Gauhl et al. (2007) |
Virus | | | Barley yellow dwarf viruses (barley yellow dwarf) | Present | | | Dubin et al. (1984); Fox et al. (1990) |
Virus | | | bluetongue virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | bovine herpesvirus 1 | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | bovine leukemia virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | bovine viral diarrhea virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | camelpox virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | caprine arthritis encephalitis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Citrus leprosis virus C (leprosis of citrus) | Absent, Invalid presence record(s) | | | CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2014) |
Virus | | | classical swine fever virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | duck hepatitis A virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | eastern equine encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | equid herpesvirus 1 | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | equine arteritis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | equine infectious anaemia virus | Present | | | OIE (2020); OIE (2018); OIE (2020) |
Virus | | | equine influenzavirus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | foot-and-mouth disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | fowlpox virus | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Gallid herpesvirus 2 | Present | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Haliotid herpesvirus 1 | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | infectious bursal disease virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | infectious myonecrosis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | influenza A virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Iris yellow spot virus (iris yellow spot) | Present, Localized | | | EPPO (2022); Mullis et al. (2006); Mullis et al. (2006); Nischwitz et al. (2007); CABI and EPPO (2014) |
Virus | | | Japanese encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | lumpy skin disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Maize chlorotic mottle virus | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2014); Castillo and Hebert (1974) |
Virus | | | Maize dwarf mosaic virus (dwarf mosaic of maize) | Present | | | Nault et al. (1979); CABI and EPPO (2003); CABI (Undated); |
Virus | | | Maize lethal necrosis disease | Present | | | Castillo and Hebert (1974) |
Virus | | | myxoma virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Nairobi sheep disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Newcastle disease virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Nipah virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Pepino mosaic virus | Present, Widespread | | | Jones et al. (1980); Soler et al. (2002); Soler et al. (2002); Moreno-Pérez et al. (2014); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | peste des petits ruminants virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Potato spindle tuber viroid (spindle tuber of potato) | Present | | | Singh (1983); Querci et al. (1995); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | rabies virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Rift Valley fever virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | rinderpest virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | spring viraemia of carp virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Sugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic) | Present | | | ISSCT (1989); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | Suid herpesvirus 1 | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (internal cork disease of sweet potato) | Present | | | CABI and EPPO (2003); Gutiérrez et al. (2003); EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | swine vesicular disease virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE Handistatus (2005) |
Virus | | | Taura syndrome virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); Lighter et al. (1995); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (Tomato brown rugose fruit virus) | Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s) | | | EPPO (2022) |
Virus | | | transmissible gastroenteritis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus | Absent | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2019) |
Virus | | | visna/maedi virus | Present, Localized | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | West Nile virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |
Virus | | | western equine encephalitis virus | Absent, No presence record(s) | | | OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018) |