Malaysia

Datasheet

Malaysia

Index

Summary

Population, total
31,949,777 (2019)

GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
11,230 (2019)

GNI, Atlas method (current US$ in millions)
358,835.30 (2019)

GDP (current US$ in millions)
364,681.37 (2019)

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
7.26 (2019)

World Development Indicators. The World Bank (CC-BY 4.0) https://data.worldbank.org/ [last updated: 28 May 2021]

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List of Species

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The table lists the species recorded in the Compendium for this region(from the full species datasheets). It includes species that are invasive in this region, those for which there is no data on invasive status, and also species that are not invasive in the region but are reported as invasive elsewhere. This summary table is based on all the information available.When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the distribution record. For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Domain	Kingdom	Phylum	Species	Distribution	Origin	Invasive	References
			Dactylosternum hydrophiloides	Present			CABI (Undated)
Bacteria		Actinobacteria [phylum]	Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (sugarcane ratoon stunting disease)	Present, Localized			CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Actinobacteria [phylum]	Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
Bacteria		Bacteroidetes	Paenibacillus larvae	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Bacillus anthracis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki	Present			CABI (Undated)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris (yellow disease phytoplasmas)	Present			Khew et al. (1991); Naderali et al. (2013); Neda Naderali et al. (2014); Neda Naderali et al. (2015)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii (clover proliferation phytoplasma)	Present			Taylor et al. (2011)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Melissococcus plutonius	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Mycoplasma gallisepticum	Absent			OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) type	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Firmicutes	Mycoplasma synoviae	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Acidovorax citrulli (fruit blotch)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Anaplasma marginale	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	blood disease bacterium (blood disease bacterium of banana)	Present, Localized			IPPC (2016)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Brucella abortus	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Brucella melitensis	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Brucella ovis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Brucella suis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Burkholderia pseudomallei	Present			CABI (Undated)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Asian greening)	Present, Localized			Khairulmazmi Ahmad et al. (2008); CABI/EPPO (2017); EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	citrus huanglongbing (greening) disease (citrus greening)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2019)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Coxiella burnetii	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Ehrlichia ruminantium	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Erwinia papayae	Present			Maktar et al. (2008)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Francisella tularensis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Mannheimia haemolytica	Present			Sabri et al. (2013); Chung LimTeik [Chung et al. (2015)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Pasteurella multocida	Absent			OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Pectobacterium parmentieri (black leg disease of potato)	Present, Localized			CABI (Undated);
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato)	Present			EPPO (2022); Zulperi and Sijam (2014); Teng SukKuan et al. (2016); CABI (2020)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Ralstonia solanacearum race 1 (bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops)	Present, Widespread			CABI and EPPO (1999)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Ralstonia solanacearum race 2 (moko disease)	Present			CABI and EPPO (1999); Dzarifah Zulperi et al. (2014); EPPO (2021)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Salmonella abortusovis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Salmonella gallinarum	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Salmonella pullorum	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Taylorella equigenitalis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (cassava bacterial blight)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight)	Present, Few occurrences			EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas citri (citrus canker)	Present, Widespread			EPPO (2022); Lan Bui Thi Ngoc et al. (2010); Farimah Arshadi et al. (2013); CABI and EPPO (2014)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (bacterial leaf streak of rice)	Present, Widespread			Gonzalez et al. (2007); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas translucens pv. cerealis (bacterial leaf streak of grasses)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2014)
Bacteria		Proteobacteria	Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens (bacterial leaf streak of barley)	Present, Localized			CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Chromista	Oomycota	Phytophthora cambivora (root rot of forest trees)	Present			CABI/EPPO (2013)
Eukaryota	Chromista	Oomycota	Phytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback)	Present, Few occurrences			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Chromista	Oomycota	Phytophthora colocasiae (taro leaf blight)	Present, Widespread			CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Chromista	Oomycota	Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight)	Present			UK, CAB International (1982)
Eukaryota	Chromista	Oomycota	Plasmopara viticola (grapevine downy mildew)	Present			UK, CAB International (1988)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Bipolaris victoriae (Victoria blight of oats)	Present, Widespread			EPPO (2022); UK, CAB International (1990)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Ceratocystis fimbriata (Ceratocystis blight)	Present, Localized			South and Sharples (1925); Beeley (1929); EPPO (2022); Herb IMI (undated)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Colletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry)	Present			EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2010); Adebola et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Diplodia seriata (grapevine trunk disease)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2005)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana)	Present	Native	Invasive	Fourie et al. (2009); CABI and EPPO (2015); Mostert et al. (2017); Czislowski et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4)	Present			Molina et al. (2009); Wong et al. (2019); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Guignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot)	Absent, Confirmed absent by survey			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Mycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka)	Present, Localized			CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Mycosphaerella gibsonii (needle blight of pine)	Present, Few occurrences			EPPO (2022); Ivory (1994)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Phomopsis vexans (Phomopsis blight of eggplant)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2008)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Pseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.)	Absent, Confirmed absent by survey			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Sphaeropsis sapinea (Sphaeropsis blight)	Present			Punithalingham and Waterston (1970); Herb IMI (undated); Sutton (undated)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Ascomycota	Trichoconiella padwickii (stackburn disease)	Present			Jagoe and Henderson (1953)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Armillaria novae-zelandiae	Present	Native		Coetzee et al. (2003)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Heterobasidion root rot)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Heterobasidion insulare	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Phakopsora euvitis (grape rust fungus)	Present			Ono (2000); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Phakopsora pachyrhizi (soyabean rust)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Phellinus noxius (brown tea root disease)	Present			CABI and EPPO (1997); Farid et al. (2005); Mohd Farid et al. (2009); Tsai JyhNong et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Puccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum)	Present, Widespread			EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2008); Backer et al. (2011)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Puccinia kuehnii (orange rust)	Present			Ryan and Egan (1989); Magarey (2000); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Sporisorium sacchari (Asian sugarcane smut)	Present			CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Basidiomycota	Uromycladium spp. that cause gall rusts (Acacia gall rusts)	Present, Localized	Introduced	Invasive	Sato et al. (2010)
Eukaryota	Fungi	Chytridiomycota	Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Acarapis woodi (honeybee mite)	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aceria guerreronis (coconut mite)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2006); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Adoretus sinicus (Chinese rose beetle)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aedes aegypti	Present	Introduced		Horwood et al. (2013); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aethina tumida	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Agrotis ipsilon (black cutworm)	Present			UK, CAB International (1969); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly)	Present, Few occurrences			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aleurodicus destructor (coconut whitefly)	Present, Widespread			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aleurodicus dispersus (whitefly)	Present, Widespread			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Amblyomma variegatum (tropical bont tick)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Amphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Anoplolepis gracilipes (yellow crazy ant)	Present	Native		Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Anoplophora chinensis (black and white citrus longhorn)	Present, Localized	Native		Lingafelter and Hoebeke (2002); CABI and EPPO (2008); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aonidiella aurantii (red scale)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aonidiella orientalis (oriental yellow scale)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aphis craccivora (groundnut aphid)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid)	Present			Waterhouse (1993); Hussein and Samad (1993); Mohamad Roff et al. (2006)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	UK, CAB International (1969)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Artemia (brine shrimp)	Present	Introduced		Lavens and Sorgeloos (2000)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Aulacaspis yasumatsui (cycad aulacaspis scale)	Present			Muniappan et al. (2012); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bactrocera carambolae (carambola fruit fly)	Present			EPPO (2022); Drew and Hancock (1994); Chua and Khoo (1995); Muraji and Nakahara (2002); Khalid Mahmood (2004); San Jose et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bactrocera correcta (guava fruit fly)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fly)	Present, Widespread		Invasive	CABI and EPPO (2003); Chua et al. (2010); Boontop et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bactrocera dorsalis (Oriental fruit fly)	Present			EPPO (2022); Clarke et al. (2001); Muraji and Nakahara (2002); Smith et al. (2003); Khalid Mahmood (2004); Schutze et al. (2012); Schutze et al. (2012); Leblanc et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bactrocera frauenfeldi (mango fruit fly)	Present			Tan and Lee (1982)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bactrocera latifrons (Solanum fruit fly)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022); Yong (1993); Othman et al. (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bactrocera tau	Present			White and Elson-Harris (1994); Tan and Lee (1982); Drew and Romig (2013)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bactrocera umbrosa	Present			White and Elson-Harris (1994); Yunus and Ho (1980)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly)	Present			Waterhouse (1993); Rasdi et al. (2009); Idris et al. (2012); Shadmany et al. (2019); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Bemisia tabaci (MED) (silverleaf whitefly)	Present			Shadmany et al. (2019); Mohammad Shadmany et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Blattella germanica (German cockroach)	Present	Introduced		Abdullah et al. (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Boophilus microplus	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Brevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite)	Present			CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Brontispa longissima (coconut hispine beetle)	Present			Wan Khairul Anuar et al. (2019); Kalshoven and Laan (1981); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Calacarus carinatus (purple tea mite)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2014)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Callosobruchus chinensis (Chinese bruchid)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Cerataphis lataniae (palm aphid)	Present	Native		CABI and EPPO (2007); CABI (Undated);
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Charybdis hellerii	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Charybdis japonica (lady crab)	Present, Widespread	Native		Wee and Ng (1995)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Cherax quadricarinatus (redclaw crayfish)	Present	Introduced		Chang (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Chilades pandava	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Chilo suppressalis (striped rice stem borer)	Present, Widespread	Native	Invasive	UK, CAB International (1977); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Chrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale)	Present			UK, CAB International (1969)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm)	Present	Native	Invasive	Norris and Murray (1964); Wardhana et al. (2012); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm)	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Conopomorpha cramerella (cocoa pod borer)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022); Day (1989); Beevor et al. (1993); Azhar and Long (1996); Posada et al. (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Coptotermes (termites)	Present			CABI (Undated); Wan-Muhammad-Azrul et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Coptotermes curvignathus (rubber termite)	Present	Native		Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Coptotermes gestroi (Asian subterranean termite)	Present	Native	Invasive	Kirton and Brown (2003)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Culex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Cylas formicarius (sweet potato weevil)	Present, Widespread			UK, CAB International (1970); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Dactylosternum abdominale	Present			Greathead (undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Diaphorina citri (Asian citrus psyllid)	Present, Few occurrences			CABI/EPPO (2011); Leong et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Dichromothrips corbetti	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Dinoderus minutus (bamboo borer)	Present	Native		Wu et al. (1986); Chu and Zhang (1997)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug)	Present			Waterhouse (1993); Ben-Dov (1994); Williams (2004); Palma-Jiménez and Blanco-Meneses (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (grey pineapple mealybug)	Present			García Morales et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Erionota thrax (banana skipper)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Erionota torus (banana skipper)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Euwallacea destruens	Present	Native		Wood and Bright (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Euwallacea fornicatus (polyphagous shot-hole borer)	Present	Native		Schedl (1942)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Euwallacea perbrevis (tea shot-hole borer)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2013)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Euwallacea piceus	Present	Native		Wood and Bright (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug)	Present			Kaydan and Gullan (2012); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Waterhouse (1993); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Galleria mellonella (greater waxmoth)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Greenidea ficicola	Present			CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Gynaikothrips ficorum (Cuban laurel thrips)	Present			Jacot-Guillarmod and Brothers (1986)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm)	Present			Lim and Pan (1980); UK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips)	Present, Widespread			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Hemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale)	Present			Chu and Wood (1990)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Hemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale (USA))	Present			APPPC (1987)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Heteropsylla cubana (leucaena psyllid)	Present			Guan-Soon et al. (1990); Showler and Melcher (1995)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Hypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer)	Present			Cristancho et al. (2007); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	UK, CAB International (1971); Waterhouse (1993); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Idioscopus clypealis (mango leafhopper)	Present			Viraktamath (1989); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Idioscopus nitidulus (mango leafhopper)	Present			Viraktamath (1989); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Insignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Leptocybe invasa (blue gum chalcid)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Liriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer)	Present			CABI and EPPO (1998); CABI and EPPO (2002); Ahya and Liyana (2018); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Liriomyza sativae (vegetable leaf miner)	Present			CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Liriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Litopenaeus vannamei (whiteleg shrimp)	Present, Widespread	Introduced		CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Maconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug)	Present	Native		Williams (1996); Williams (2004); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Macrobrachium rosenbergii (giant freshwater prawn)	Present	Native		New (2000)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Macrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid)	Present	Introduced		NHM (undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Monomorium destructor (Singapore ant)	Present	Native		Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Myzus persicae (green peach aphid)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Nezara viridula (green stink bug)	Present, Localized			UK, CAB International (1970)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Nipaecoccus viridis (spherical mealybug)	Present			Williams (2004); CABI and EPPO (2005); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Oryctes rhinoceros (coconut rhinoceros beetle)	Present, Widespread			EPPO (2022); Huger (2005)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Oryzaephilus surinamensis (saw toothed grain beetle)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Otiorhynchus sulcatus (vine weevil)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Papilio demoleus (chequered swallowtail)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Paracoccus marginatus (papaya mealybug)	Present	Introduced		Mastoi et al. (2011); CABI/EPPO (2012); Mastoi et al. (2014); Ahmed et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Paraleyrodes minei	Present			CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Paratrechina longicornis (crazy ant)	Present	Introduced		Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Pectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm)	Present			UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Penaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn)	Present	Native		Holthuis (1980); Dore and Frimodt (1987)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Pheidole megacephala (big-headed ant)	Present			Loke PooiYen and Lee ChowYang (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Phenacoccus manihoti (cassava mealybug)	Present			Dewi Sartiami et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Phenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug)	Present	Introduced		Sartiami D et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Phyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner)	Present, Widespread			Yunus and Ho (1980); UK, CAB International (1986); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Pineus pini (pine woolly aphid)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug)	Present			Waterhouse (1993); CABI and EPPO (1999)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth)	Present, Widespread			UK, CAB International (1967)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Polyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Prays citri (citrus flower moth)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Prays endocarpa (citrus rind borer)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (mulberry scale)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Quadrastichus erythrinae (Erythrina gall wasp)	Present	Introduced		Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Rastrococcus invadens (fruit tree mealybug)	Present			Williams (1986); CABI and EPPO (1998); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (red palm weevil)	Present, Localized			CABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Rhyzopertha dominica (lesser grain borer)	Present			Seth (1975); Muda (1985)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Saissetia oleae (olive scale)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Scirtothrips dorsalis (chilli thrips)	Present			EPPO (2022); Mound and Palmer (1981); Mound and Azidah (2009); CABI and EPPO (2010); Hamaseh Aliakbarpour and Md Rawi (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Sitobion miscanthi (indian grain aphid)	Present	Native		Blackman and Eastop (2000); CABI and EPPO (2003)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Sitophilus granarius (grain weevil)	Present			Mariana et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Sitophilus oryzae (lesser grain weevil)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Sitophilus zeamais (greater grain weevil)	Present			Champ and Dyte (1976)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Sitotroga cerealella (grain moth)	Present, Widespread			Champ and Dyte (1977); Muda (1985)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Solenopsis geminata (tropical fire ant)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Lee et al. (2002); ISSG (2009); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Solenopsis invicta (red imported fire ant)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	ISSG (2014)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Spodoptera exempta (black armyworm)	Present			EPPO (2022); Pogue (2002)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)	Present			CABI (Undated); FAO (2019); Jamil et al. (2020); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Spodoptera litura (taro caterpillar)	Present, Widespread			EPPO (2022); Intachat and Kirton (1997); Sajap et al. (2000); Zabedah et al. (2010)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Sternochetus mangiferae (mango seed weevil)	Present			EPPO (2022); Yunus and Ho (1980); CABI and EPPO (2015)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Tapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Thrips palmi (melon thrips)	Present, Widespread			Okajima et al. (1992); Waterhouse (1993); Kajita et al. (1996); CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); CABI and EPPO (1998); Aliakbarpour et al. (2010); Hamaseh Aliakbarpour and Che Salmah (2012); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid)	Present, Widespread			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Trialeurodes ricini (castor bean whitefly)	Present	Native		Mound and Halsey (1978); Martin (1987); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Trirachys holosericeus (apple stem borer)	Present	Native		DUFFY (1968); Khan and Maiti (1983); Mitra et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Trirachys sartus (city longhorn beetle)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Trogoderma granarium (khapra beetle)	Absent, Eradicated			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Tropilaelaps	Absent			OIE (2018); Koeniger et al. (2002); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Unaspis citri (citrus snow scale)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Varroa destructor (Varroa mite)	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Varroa jacobsoni (Varroa mite)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Vespa velutina (Asian hornet)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer)	Present	Native		UK, CAB International (1973); Wood and Bright (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xyleborus similis	Present	Native		Wood and Bright (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xyleborus volvulus	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Wood and Bright (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xylosandrus ater	Present	Native		Wood and Bright (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer)	Present	Native		Waterhouse (1993); CABI and EPPO (1997); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Asian ambrosia beetle)	Present	Native		Wood and Bright (1992); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xylosandrus discolor	Present	Native		Wood and Bright (1992)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xylosandrus morigerus (brown twig beetle)	Present	Native		Wood and Bright (1992); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Arthropoda	Xylosandrus mutilatus (camphor shoot beetle)	Present, Widespread	Native		Coyle (2006); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Acanthogobius flavimanus	Present	Native		GBIF (2005)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Acridotheres cristatellus	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Acridotheres tristis (common myna)	Present	Native		Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Amphiprion	Present	Native		Froese and Pauly (2009)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Aristichthys nobilis (bighead carp)	Present	Introduced		Welcomme (1988); FishBase (2004); Froese and Pauly (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Bos taurus (cattle)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Bubalus bubalis (Asian water buffalo)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Callosciurus erythraeus (Pallas's squirrel)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Capra hircus (goats)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Carassius auratus auratus (goldfish)	Present	Introduced		Froese and Pauly (2009)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Cichla ocellaris (peacock cichlid)	Present	Introduced		Chong et al. (2010)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Clarias batrachus (walking catfish)	Present	Native		Froese and Pauly (2004); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Clarias gariepinus	Present	Introduced	Invasive	FAO (1997); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Columba livia (pigeons)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Corvus splendens (house crow)	Present			CABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Ctenopharyngodon idella (grass carp)	Absent			Shireman and Smith (1983); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004); Froese and Pauly (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Cyprinus carpio (common carp)	Present	Introduced		Alikhuni (1966); Welcomme (1988)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Dicrurus macrocercus	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Asian common toad)	Present	Native		Dijk et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Gambusia affinis (western mosquitofish)	Present	Introduced		Froese and Pauly (2010)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Gambusia holbrooki (eastern mosquitofish)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Froese and Pauly (2008)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Garrulax canorus (Chinese hwamei)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp)	Absent			Froese and Pauly (2004); FishBase (2005); Froese and Pauly (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Hypostomus plecostomus (suckermouth catfish)	Present	Introduced		Bartley (2006)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Lutjanus kasmira (blueline snapper)	Present, Widespread	Native		Allen (1985)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating macaque)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass)	Present, Localized	Introduced		Ang and Gopinath (1989); Froese and Pauly (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Monopterus albus (Asian swamp eel)	Present	Native		Fishbase (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Mylopharyngodon piceus (black amur)	Present			Department of Fisheries (1987)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017); Pullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017); Ang and Gopinath (1989); Pullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004); Chong et al. (2010)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbits)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Ovis aries (sheep)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Piaractus brachypomus (pirapitinga)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017); FAO (1997)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Poecilia reticulata (guppy)	Present	Introduced		Froese and Pauly (2007)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Pterois volitans (lionfish)	Present	Native		Froese and Pauly (2010)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus (Orinoco sailfin catfish)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Pycnonotus jocosus (Red-whiskered bulbul)	Present	Native		Avibase (2017); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Rachycentron canadum (cobia)	Present	Native		IUCN (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Rana catesbeiana (American bullfrog)	Present	Introduced		Hardouin (1997); Teixeira et al. (2001); Flores Nava (2005); Kraus (2009); Santos-Barrera et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Rattus exulans (Pacific rat)	Present			Medway Lord (1978); Embi (1980); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Rattus rattus (black rat)	Present			CABI Data Mining (undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Rattus tanezumi (Asian house rat)	Present	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Sus scrofa [ISC] (feral pig)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Tilapia zillii (redbelly tilapia)	Absent, Formerly present			Wohlfarth and Hulata (1983); Froese and Pauly (2004)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Trachemys scripta elegans (red-eared slider)	Present	Introduced		Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Trichopodus trichopterus (three spot gourami)	Present, Widespread	Native		Ang and Gopinath (1989)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Chordata	Tyto alba (Barn owl)	Present, Few occurrences	Native		Wells (2007); Seebens et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Cnidaria	Tubastraea coccinea (orange-cup coral)	Present			Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Echinodermata	Acanthaster planci (crown-of-thorns starfish)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Achatina fulica (giant African land snail)	Present, Localized	Introduced		Mead (1979); Foon et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Euglandina rosea (rosy predator snail)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Magallana gigas (Pacific oyster)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017); DIAS (2005)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Mytilopsis sallei (Caribbean false mussel)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Perna viridis (Asian green mussel)	Present	Native		NACA (1988)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Pinctada imbricata radiata (rayed pearl oyster)	Present	Native		Poutiers (1998)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Pomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Teo SuSin (2004); Halwart and Bartley (2006); Yahaya et al. (2006); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Pomacea insularum (island applesnail)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Pomacea maculata	Present			CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Mollusca	Ruditapes philippinarum (Japanese carpet shell)	Present	Native		Scarlato (1981)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Aphelenchoides besseyi (rice leaf nematode)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Ditylenchus angustus (rice stem nematode)	Present, Localized			CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Ditylenchus destructor (potato tuber nematode)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Globodera pallida (white potato cyst nematode)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Globodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Helicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode)	Present			Sher (1966); CABI and EPPO (2003)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Meloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2003); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Meloidogyne graminicola (rice root knot nematode)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2001); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Meloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode)	Present			Muhammad (1992); CABI and EPPO (2002)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode)	Present			CABI and EPPO (2002); Abdul Rahman et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Meloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm)	Present, Widespread			Madamba (1981); CABI and EPPO (2002)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Pratylenchus coffeae (banana root nematode)	Present, Widespread			Muhammad (1992); CABI and EPPO (2000); Abdul Rahman et al. (2014); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode)	Present, Localized			CABI and EPPO (1999); Abdul Rahman et al. (2014); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Trichinella	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Nematoda	Tylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode)	Present			CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Platyhelminthes	Bothriocephalus acheilognathi	Present	Introduced		Fernando and Furtado (1964)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Platyhelminthes	Echinococcus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Platyhelminthes	Echinococcus granulosus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Platyhelminthes	Echinococcus multilocularis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Platyhelminthes	Taenia solium	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Metazoa	Porifera	Mycale grandis (orange keyhole sponge)	Present			Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
Eukaryota	Planctomycetes [kingdom]		Chlamydophila abortus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Planctomycetes [kingdom]		Chlamydophila psittaci	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Chlorophyta	Caulerpa taxifolia (killer algae)	Present	Native		Guiry and Guiry (2008)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Chlorophyta	Ulva pertusa	Present	Native		Phang and Wee (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Chlorophyta	Ulva reticulata (ribbon sea lettuce)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Adiantum hispidulum (rosy maidenhair fern)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Angiopteris evecta (king fern)	Present	Introduced		Seebens et al. (2017); Ghazali et al. (2014); ISSG (2018); USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Azolla pinnata (mosquito fern)	Present, Localized	Native		Mansor and Sam (1992); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Ceratopteris thalictroides (watersprite)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Christella dentata (soft fern)	Present	Native		GBIF (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Cyclosorus parasiticus (parasitic maiden fern)	Present	Native		Holttum (1976)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Diplazium esculentum (vegetable fern)	Present	Native		Dash et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Lygodium flexuosum (maidenhair creeper)	Present	Native		USDA-APHIS-PPQ (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Lygodium japonicum (Japanese climbing fern)	Present	Native		Holttum (1959); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Lygodium microphyllum (old world climbing fern)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Macrothelypteris torresiana (swordfern)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Marsilea minuta (pepperwort)	Present, Widespread			Holttum (1954); Pancho and Soerjani (1978)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Nephrolepis brownii (Asian swordfern)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Pteris tripartita (giant brake)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Pteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	PIER (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Salvinia molesta (kariba weed)	Present, Widespread		Invasive	Azmi (1988); Baki et al. (1990); Hakim et al. (2013); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Pteridophyta	Thelypteris opulenta (jewelled maiden fern)	Present	Native		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Rhodophyta	Acanthophora spicifera	Present	Native		Silva et al. (1996)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Rhodophyta	Eucheuma spp.	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Rhodophyta	Gracilaria salicornia	Present	Native		Silva et al. (1996); Yamamoto and Phang (1997); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Rhodophyta	Kappaphycus	Present	Native		Doty (1980)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Abelmoschus moschatus (musk mallow)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Abrus precatorius (rosary pea)	Present	Native		PIER (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Abutilon hirtum (Indian mallow)	Present	Native		Achigan-Dako (2010)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Abutilon indicum (country mallow)	Present	Native		Curtis (1894)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia auriculiformis (northern black wattle)	Present	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia confusa	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia crassicarpa (northern wattle)	Present	Introduced		Thapa (1992)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia farnesiana (huisache)	Present, Planted	Introduced		ILDIS (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia longifolia (golden wattle)	Present	Introduced		PIER (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia mangium (brown salwood)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Aguiar Júnior et al. (2014); Brown (2000); Orchard and Wilson (2001); Orwa et al. (2009); Krisnawati et al. (2011); Kew Royal Botanic Gardens (2016); USDA-ARS (2016); Maid et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acacia mearnsii (black wattle)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Achyranthes aspera (devil's horsewhip)	Present, Widespread	Native		Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Acrocarpus fraxinifolius (shingle tree)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Witt and Luke (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Adenanthera pavonina (red-bead tree)	Present, Planted	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002); USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Adonidia merrillii (Christmas palm)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Aeschynomene indica (Indian jointvetch)	Present, Widespread			Henderson (1959)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Agave vivipara (Caribbean agave)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		The Mansfeld’s World Database (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed)	Present, Widespread	Introduced		Barnes and Chandapillai (1972); IRRI (1989); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven)	Present	Introduced		EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Albizia chinensis (Chinese albizia)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Albizia lebbeck (Indian siris)	Present	Native and Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009); ILDIS (2016); PIER (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Albizia procera (white siris)	Present	Native		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Aleurites moluccanus (candlenut tree)	Present, Planted	Native		Krisnawati et al. (2011); USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Allamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Alocasia cucullata (Chinese taro)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Alocasia macrorrhizos (giant taro)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Alpinia zerumbet (shell ginger)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Native		Govaerts (2013); USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Alternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed)	Present, Localized			Parham (1958); Holm et al. (1991); Senterre et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Alysicarpus vaginalis (alyce clover)	Present	Native		Duke (1981); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Amaranthus blitum (livid amaranth)	Present			Townsend (1988); Itoh et al. (1992)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Holm et al. (1991); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Amaranthus viridis (slender amaranth)	Present			Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Annona muricata (soursop)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Annona reticulata (bullock's heart)	Present	Introduced		Jansen et al. (1991); Mastoi et al. (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Annona squamosa (sugar apple)	Present, Planted			CABI (2005)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ardisia crenata (coral berry)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ardisia elliptica (shoebutton ardisia)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Areca catechu (betelnut palm)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Arenga pinnata (sugar palm)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Argemone mexicana (Mexican poppy)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2016); PIER (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Argyreia nervosa (elephant creeper)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		Csurhes (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Arthraxon hispidus (small carpetgrass)	Present	Native		Flora of China (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit)	Present	Native		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit)	Present, Planted			Mastoi et al. (2014); Zulperi et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Arundo donax (giant reed)	Present, Planted	Native		USDA-ARS (2003)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Asclepias curassavica (bloodflower)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	USDA-ARS (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Asphodelus tenuifolius (onionweed)	Present			Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Asystasia gangetica (chinese violet)	Present			Hamaseh Aliakbarpour and Md Rawi (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Averrhoa bilimbi (bilimbi)	Present			CABI (Undated);
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Axonopus compressus (carpet grass)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Axonopus fissifolius	Present	Introduced		GBIF (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Azadirachta indica (neem tree)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Naturalized	World Agroforestry Centre (2002); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bacopa monnieri (water hyssop)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bambusa bambos (giant thorny bamboo)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bambusa tuldoides (punting pole bamboo)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bambusa vulgaris (common bamboo)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Barleria prionitis (porcupine flower)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Barringtonia asiatica (sea poison tree)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Basella alba (malabar spinach)	Present			USDA-ARS (2017); WCSP (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bauhinia monandra (Napoleon's plume)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bauhinia purpurea (purple bauhinia)	Present	Native		Orwa et al. (2009); ILDIS (2015); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bauhinia variegata (mountain ebony)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bidens pilosa (blackjack)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Waterhouse (1993);
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bixa orellana (annatto)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Blyxa aubertii (roundfruit blyxa)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Boerhavia coccinea (scarlet spiderling)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Boerhavia diffusa (red spiderling)	Present			Stemmerik (1964)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Borreria latifolia (broadleaf buttonweed)	Present, Localized			Barnes and Chan (1990); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bothriochloa bladhii (Caucasian bluestem)	Present			Clayton et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Bothriochloa pertusa (pitted beard grass)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Brassica juncea (mustard)	Present	Introduced		PIER (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Brassica rapa (field mustard)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		PROTA (2018); Golkhandan et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Broussonetia papyrifera (paper mulberry)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Brugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet)	Present	Introduced		GBIF (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Buddleja asiatica (dog tail)	Present	Native		Li and Leeuwenberg (1996)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Buddleja davidii (butterfly bush)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	PIER (2010)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cabomba caroliniana (Carolina fanwort)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			EPPO (2022); Washington State Department of Ecology (2008)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Caesalpinia decapetala (Mysore thorn)	Present	Native		PIER (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Caladium bicolor (heart of Jesus)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Calophyllum inophyllum (Alexandrian laurel)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	ILDIS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Calotropis gigantea (Yercum fibre)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cananga odorata (ylang-ylang)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Canavalia cathartica	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Canavalia ensiformis (jack bean)	Present	Introduced		Sauer (1964)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Canavalia gladiata (sword bean)	Present	Introduced		POWO (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Capsicum annuum (bell pepper)	Present			Mohamad Roff et al. (2006); Golkhandan et al. (2013); Farshid Mahmodi et al. (2014); Nasehi et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cardamine flexuosa (wavy bittercress)	Present	Introduced		GRIIS (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine)	Present			Waterhouse (1993); USDA-ARS (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cassia fistula (Indian laburnum)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cassia grandis (pink shower)	Present	Introduced		Toruan-Purba (1999)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cassia javanica (pink shower)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Casuarina equisetifolia (casuarina)	Present, Planted	Native		World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle)	Present			CABI (Undated); Nejat et al. (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cedrela odorata (Spanish cedar)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cenchrus echinatus (southern sandbur)	Present			Hitchcock (1971); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Centella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Centratherum punctatum (lark daisy)	Present	Introduced		Flann (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ceratophyllum demersum (coontail)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chamaecrista nictitans (sensitive partridge pea)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cheilocostus speciosus (crepe ginger )	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015); Englberger (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chenopodium acuminatum	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chloris barbata (purpletop chloris)	Present			Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chloris gayana (Rhodes grass)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chrysopogon aciculatus (golden false beardgrass)	Present, Localized			Holm et al. (1979); Kamal-Uddin et al. (2009); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Chrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cinnamomum burmanni (padang cassia)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cinnamomum camphora (camphor laurel)	Present			CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cissus quadrangularis (treebine)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Citrus aurantiifolia (lime)	Present			FAO (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Citrus aurantium (sour orange)	Present			FAO (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cleome rutidosperma (fringed spiderflower)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Elffers et al. (1964); Kers (1986); Teng and Teh (1990); Ismail et al. (1995); Waterhouse and Mitchell (1998); Hamaseh Aliakbarpour and Md Rawi (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cleome viscosa (Asian spiderflower)	Present	Native and Introduced		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Clerodendrum chinense (Chinese glory bower)	Present	Introduced		Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Clerodendrum indicum (Turk's turban)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Clerodendrum paniculatum (pagoda flower)	Present	Native		POWO (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Clidemia hirta (Koster's curse)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Clitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	USDA-ARS (2016); ILDIS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Coccinia grandis (scarlet-fruited ivy gourd)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2013); PIER (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cocos nucifera (coconut)	Present			CABI (Undated); Almaliky et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Coix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears)	Present	Introduced		Whyte (1972)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Colocasia esculenta (taro)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Colubrina asiatica (latherleaf)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Combretum indicum (Rangoon creeper)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Commelina benghalensis (wandering jew)	Present, Localized			Wilson (1981); Waterhouse (1993); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Commelina diffusa (spreading dayflower)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Commelina paludosa	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Convolvulus arvensis (bindweed)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Conyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane)	Present	Introduced		Itoh et al. (1992)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cordyline fruticosa (ti plant)	Present, Widespread			Hinkle (2007); Smithsonian (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Corymbia citriodora (lemon-scented gum)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cosmos caudatus (wild cosmos)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2014); Sherff (1932); Siddiqui et al. (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Crassocephalum crepidioides (redflower ragleaf)	Present	Introduced		Tjitrosoedirdjo (1991); USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora (montbretia)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Crotalaria retusa (rattleweed)	Present	Native		ILDIS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Crotalaria spectabilis (showy rattlepod)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cryptocoryne lingua	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cuphea carthagenensis (Colombian waxweed)	Present	Introduced		Kiew (2008); Forest Research Institute Malaysia (2015); GBIF (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cuscuta campestris (field dodder)	Present	Introduced		Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyanthillium cinereum (little ironweed)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cynara cardunculus (cardoon)	Present	Introduced		GBIF (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Holm et al. (1979); Waterhouse (1993); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus compressus (annual sedge)	Present, Widespread			Ridley (1925); Waterhouse (1993); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus cyperoides	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge)	Present, Widespread			Barnes and Chan (1990); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus iria (rice flatsedge)	Present			Barnes and Chan (1990); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus meyenianus (Meyen's flatsedge)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge)	Present			Holm et al. (1979); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2016); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dalbergia sissoo	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Delonix regia (flamboyant)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dendrocalamus strictus (male bamboo)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Derris elliptica (tuba root)	Present	Native and Introduced		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dichanthium annulatum (Kleberg's bluestem)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dichanthium aristatum (angelton bluestem)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dichrostachys cinerea (sickle bush)	Present, Planted	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2005)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dieffenbachia seguine (dumb cane)	Present	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria bicornis (Asian crabgrass)	Present	Native		PIER (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria eriantha (pangola grass)	Present	Introduced		CTAHR (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria fuscescens (yellow crab grass)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria ischaemum	Present			Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria longiflora (false couch grass)	Present	Native		Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass)	Present	Introduced		Waterhouse (1993); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Digitaria setigera (East Indian crabgrass)	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dioscorea alata (white yam)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dioscorea bulbifera (air potato)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper)	Present	Introduced		ISSG (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Dracaena fragrans (corn plant)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Echinochloa colona (junglerice)	Present			Azmi (1988); Barnes and Chan (1990); Waterhouse (1993); Hamaseh Aliakbarpour and Md Rawi (2011); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass)	Present	Introduced		Moody (1989); Holm et al. (1991); Hakim et al. (2013); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eclipta prostrata (eclipta)	Present			Holm et al. (1979); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Gopal (1987); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm)	Present			FAO (2009); Ismail et al. (2017); Nasehi et al. (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eleocharis dulcis (Chinese water chestnut)	Present, Localized			Mansor and Ahmad (1986)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Elephantopus mollis (elephant's foot)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eleusine indica (goose grass)	Present			CABI (Undated); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Elodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed)	Present	Introduced		Revilla et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Elsholtzia ciliata	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Emilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018); IRRI (1989); Waterhouse (1993); Holm et al. (1997)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Epipremnum pinnatum (centipede tongavine)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis amabilis (Japanese lovegrass)	Present	Native		PIER (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis atrovirens (thalia lovegrass)	Present	Native		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass)	Present			PIER (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eragrostis unioloides (Chinese lovegrass)	Present	Native		PIER (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Erechtites valerianifolius (tropical burnweed)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eriobotrya japonica (loquat)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Erythrina poeppigiana (coral tree)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Etlingera elatior (torch ginger)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Eugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Euonymus japonicus (Japanese spindle tree)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Euphorbia hirta (garden spurge)	Present			CABI (Undated); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Euphorbia neriifolia (Indian spurge tree)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Euphorbia tirucalli (Indian-tree spurge)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2016); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Euphorbia tithymaloides (devil's backbone)	Present			Ismail and Roslen (2021)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Falcataria moluccana (batai wood)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ficus benghalensis (banyan)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ficus benjamina (weeping fig)	Present	Native		Corner (1967); Quattrocchi (2012); Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ficus elastica (rubber plant)	Present			Quattrocchi (2012); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ficus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Fimbristylis cymosa (tropical fimbry)	Present	Native		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Fimbristylis dichotoma (tall fringe rush)	Present			Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Fimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis)	Present			Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Flacourtia indica (governor's plum)	Present			Orwa et al. (2009); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Flemingia lineata (wild hops)	Present	Native		ILDIS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Flemingia macrophylla (large leaf flemingia)	Present	Native		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Flemingia strobilifera (wild hops)	Present	Native		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Gliricidia sepium (gliricidia)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2002); WAC (2005)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Gmelina arborea (candahar)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Gomphrena globosa (globe amaranth)	Present		Naturalized	USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Grevillea robusta (silky oak)	Present	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Haematoxylum campechianum (logwood)	Present	Introduced		Seegeler (1992)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Heliotropium indicum (Indian heliotrope)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hemigraphis alternata (red ivy)	Present	Native		Meyer and Lavergne (2004)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hevea brasiliensis (rubber)	Present			FAO (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (China-rose)	Present			Mastoi et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hibiscus tiliaceus (coast cottonwood)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hiptage benghalensis (hiptage)	Present	Native		PIER (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla)	Present, Widespread			Pieterse (1981); Verkleij et al. (1983); Govaerts (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hygrophila polysperma (Indian swampweed)	Present	Native		FNW Disseminules (2007); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hylocereus undatus (dragon fruit)	Present	Introduced		UK, Royal Botanic Gardens (1999)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hyptis brevipes (lesser roundweed)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	PIER (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Hyptis suaveolens (pignut)	Present	Introduced		GBIF (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Impatiens balsamina (garden balsam)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Impatiens walleriana (busy lizzy)	Present	Introduced		GRIIS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Imperata cylindrica (cogon grass)	Present, Widespread	Native		Gilliland (1971); Holm et al. (1979); Waterhouse (1993); Mcdonald and Chandler (1994); Garrity et al. (1996); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Indigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo)	Present	Native		PIER (2013); Djarwaningsih (1997)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo)	Present	Native		Puy et al. (1993); ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Indigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Indigofera tinctoria (true indigo)	Present	Native		Bisby et al. (1994); USDA-ARS (2013); ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea alba (white moonflower )	Present	Introduced		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea aquatica (swamp morning-glory)	Present			Subramanyam (1962); Chin and Fong (1978); Mackeen et al. (1997); Ong et al. (2011); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea cairica (five-fingered morning glory)	Present	Introduced		Staples (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory)	Present	Introduced		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea nil (white edge morning-glory)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea quamoclit (cypress vine)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Malaysia Biodiversity Information System (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ipomoea triloba (three-lobe morning glory)	Present			Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ischaemum rugosum (saramollagrass)	Present, Localized			Gilliland et al. (1971); Hakim et al. (2013); Clayton et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ischaemum timorense (centipede grass)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Jasminum multiflorum (star jasmine)	Present	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Jasminum sambac (Arabian jasmine)	Present	Introduced		PROTA (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Jatropha curcas (jatropha)	Present, Planted	Introduced		Caius (1986); Sulaiman et al. (2012); Mastoi et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Jatropha gossypiifolia (bellyache bush)	Present	Introduced		Padua et al. (1999)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Juncus effusus (common rush)	Present			Wu et al. (2000)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Kalanchoe integra (Never die)	Present	Native		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Kyllinga nemoralis (white kyllinga)	Present	Native		Kumar (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Kyllinga polyphylla (navua sedge)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2012); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd)	Present	Introduced		PFAF (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lagerstroemia indica (Indian crape myrtle)	Present	Native		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lagerstroemia speciosa (Pride of India)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2017); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lantana camara (lantana)	Present, Localized	Introduced	Invasive	Holm et al. (1979); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lawsonia inermis (Egyptian privet)	Present	Native		Orwa et al. (2009); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leersia hexandra (southern cut grass)	Present			Pyrah (1969)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lemna aequinoctialis (lesser duckweed)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lemna perpusilla (duckweed)	Present			Moody (1989)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leonurus japonicus (honeyweed)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leptochloa chinensis (Chinese sprangletop)	Present			Ohwi (1984); Waterhouse (1993); Chuah et al. (2006); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leptochloa fusca (sprangletop)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018); PIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lespedeza cuneata (sericea lespedeza)	Present	Native		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2020); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leucaena diversifolia	Present, Planted	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Hughes (1998); Hughes (1998); World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Limnocharis flava (yellow bur-head)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Moody (1989); Holm et al. (1991); Waterhouse and Mitchell (1998); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Limnophila chinensis	Present			CABI Data Mining (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lindernia crustacea (Malaysian false pimpernel)	Present			Baki Hj Bakar (2004); Hakim et al. (2013); USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Litsea glutinosa (Indian laurel)	Present	Native		PIER (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)	Present	Introduced		eMonocot (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ludwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose)	Present	Native	Invasive	USDA-ARS (2012); Moody (1989); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ludwigia octovalvis (primrose willow)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ludwigia peploides (water primrose)	Present			GBIF (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Luffa acutangula (angled luffa)	Present	Introduced		Salleh and Yusof (2006)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Macaranga tanarius (parasol leaf tree)	Present	Native		GBIF (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Maesopsis eminii (umbrella tree)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Malvaviscus arboreus (wax mallow)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mangifera indica (mango)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Manilkara zapota (sapodilla)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009); Mastoi et al. (2014); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Maranta arundinacea (arrowroot)	Present	Introduced		PROSEA (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Martynia annua (tiger's claw)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Smith (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	PIER (2013); Moody (1989)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Melaleuca quinquenervia (paperbark tree)	Present	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Melastoma malabathricum (Banks melastoma)	Present, Localized			Waterhouse (1993); Turner et al. (1995); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Melia azedarach (Chinaberry)	Present	Native		World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Melinis repens (natal redtop)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Merremia peltata	Present			Ooststroom and Hoogland (1953)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Merremia umbellata (hogvine)	Present	Native		Staples (2010); Ooststroom and Hoogland (1953); Barnes and Chan (1990)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Microstegium vimineum (Nepalese browntop)	Present	Native		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mikania cordata	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mikania micrantha (bitter vine)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Holm et al. (1977); Waterhouse (1993); Ismail (2001); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mikania scandens	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			Matsubayashi et al. (2007); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mimosa diplotricha (giant sensitive plant)	Present, Localized	Introduced	Invasive	Holm et al. (1977); Waterhouse and Norris (1987); Parsons and Cuthbertson (1992); Waterhouse (1993); PIER (2008); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant)	Present, Localized	Introduced	Invasive	Waterhouse (1993); Anwar (2001); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant)	Present, Widespread	Introduced		Moody (1989); Waterhouse (1993); Hamaseh Aliakbarpour and Md Rawi (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower)	Present, Only in captivity/cultivation	Introduced		Hamilton and Holttum (1933)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Momordica charantia (bitter gourd)	Present	Native		Scholz (1988); Holm et al. (1997); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Monochoria hastata (hastate-leaved pondweed)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022); Hakim et al. (2013); PIER (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Monochoria vaginalis (pickerel weed)	Present			Holm et al. (1979); Azmi et al. (1992); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Moorochloa eruciformis (sweet signal grass)	Present	Native		Kumar (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Morinda citrifolia (Indian mulberry)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2017); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Moringa oleifera (horse radish tree)	Present, Planted	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean)	Present	Native		Lock and Heald (1994); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Muntingia calabura (Jamaica cherry)	Present	Introduced		Verheij (1989); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Murdannia nudiflora (doveweed)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Murraya paniculata (orange jessamine)	Present	Native		PROTA (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Mussaenda philippica (Queen of Philippines)	Present	Introduced		Creuwels (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Myriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather)	Present	Introduced		Orchard (1981); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Nelsonia canescens (blue pussyleaf)	Present	Native		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Neonotonia wightii (perennial soybean)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Nerium oleander (oleander)	Present	Native		PROTA (2020)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Neyraudia reynaudiana (burma reed)	Present	Native		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014); Bor (1960)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Nymphaea lotus (white Egyptian lotus)	Present	Native		Plant Gene Resources of Canada (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Nypa fruticans (nipa palm)	Present, Planted	Native		Hyde and Alias (2000); Rozainah and Aslezaeim (2010)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ocimum gratissimum (African basil)	Present	Native		WCSP (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ocimum tenuiflorum (holy basil)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines)	Present			Govaerts (2018); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oryza rufipogon (wild rice)	Present			Moody (1989); Doi et al. (2000); Zhu et al. (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Oxalis corniculata (creeping woodsorrel)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Holm et al. (1977); Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paederia foetida (skunkvine)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Panicum repens (torpedo grass)	Present, Widespread	Introduced		Holm et al. (1979); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Rezaul Karim (2014); Karim et al. (2018); Maszura et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Holm et al. (1977); Holm et al. (1979); Waterhouse (1993); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalum dilatatum (dallisgrass)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	PIER (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalum distichum (knotgrass)	Present	Introduced		CABI (Undated); Waterhouse (1993); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalum scrobiculatum (ricegrass paspalum)	Present, Localized	Native	Invasive	Holm et al. (1991); Waterhouse (1993); Hakim et al. (2013); Raya et al. (2013); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalum urvillei (Vasey grass)	Present	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Paspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2016); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Passiflora foetida (red fruit passion flower)	Present, Widespread			Holm et al. (1991); Waterhouse (1993); CABI (Undated);
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Peltophorum pterocarpum (copperpod)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pennisetum pedicellatum (deenanath grass)	Present, Localized	Introduced	Invasive	Holm et al. (1977); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pennisetum polystachion (mission grass)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Bakar et al. (1990)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass)	Present			Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Persicaria chinensis (Chinese knotweed)	Present	Native		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Persicaria perfoliata (mile-a-minute weed)	Present	Native		CABI (Undated); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Phaius tankervilleae (nun’s-hood orchid)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015); eMonocot (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Phaseolus lunatus (lima bean)	Present			Mahmodi et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Phragmites australis (common reed)	Present	Native		Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Phyllanthus urinaria (leafflower)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2003)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Physalis angulata (cutleaf groundcherry)	Present	Introduced		Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry)	Present	Introduced		Morton (1987)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pimenta dioica (allspice)	Present			FAO (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pinus caribaea (Caribbean pine)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pinus oocarpa (ocote pine)	Present, Planted			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Piper aduncum (spiked pepper)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce)	Present		Invasive	Waterhouse (1993); PIER (2003); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind)	Present, Planted	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Plantago major (broad-leaved plantain)	Present			Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Plectranthus scutellarioides (coleus)	Present			Flora Mesoamericana (2014); Govaerts (2014); USDA-ARS (2014); Roslan et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pluchea indica (Indian camphorweed)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Poa annua (annual meadowgrass)	Present			Holm et al. (1991)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Polygonum barbatum (knot grass)	Present			Moody (1989)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Polygonum hydropiper (marsh pepper)	Present			Holm et al. (1997); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Portulaca oleracea (purslane)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Portulaca pilosa (kiss-me-quick)	Present	Introduced		Flora of China Editorial Committee (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pseudelephantopus spicatus (false elephant’s foot)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	USDA-ARS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Psidium cattleianum (strawberry guava)	Present	Introduced		Morton (1987); Diong (1998)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Psidium guajava (guava)	Present, Planted	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002); FAO (2013); Mastoi et al. (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pterocarpus indicus (red sandalwood)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pterocarpus macrocarpus (Burma padauk)	Present	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pueraria montana var. lobata (kudzu)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Pueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2012); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rhizophora mangle (red mangrove)	Present			CABI Data Mining (undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Downy rose-myrtle)	Present, Widespread	Native		Csurhes and Hankamer (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ricinus communis (castor bean)	Present, Widespread, Planted	Introduced		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass)	Present, Localized	Native		Millhollon and Burner (1993); Waterhouse (1993); Hala Alloub et al. (2005); USA, USDA-ARS (2008); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rubus niveus (Mysore raspberry)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Rubus rosifolius (roseleaf raspberry)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Saccharum spontaneum (wild sugarcane)	Present			Holm et al. (1997); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sacciolepis indica (glen woodgrass)	Present	Native		PIER (2010)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sagittaria sagittifolia	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Samanea saman (rain tree)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sanchezia speciosa (shrubby whitevein)	Present	Introduced		Mohammadjavad Paydar et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sansevieria trifasciata (mother-in-law’s tongue)	Present	Introduced		Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012); Kee et al. (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Scaevola taccada (beach naupaka)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Schoenoplectus mucronatus (ricefield bulrush)	Present			Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna alata (candle bush)	Present	Introduced		Smithsonian Museum of Natural History (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna bacillaris (whitebark senna)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna hirsuta (hairy senna)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2005)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna multijuga (November shower)	Present, Planted			ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna obtusifolia (sicklepod)	Present			Barnes and Chan (1990); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna occidentalis (coffee senna)	Present	Introduced		Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna septemtrionalis (smooth senna)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna siamea (yellow cassia)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna spectabilis (whitebark senna)	Present	Introduced		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Senna surattensis (golden senna)	Present	Native		ILDIS (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sesbania grandiflora (sesbania)	Present, Planted	Native		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sesbania sesban (sesban)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Setaria palmifolia (palm grass)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Setaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail)	Present	Introduced		Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sida acuta (sida)	Present, Widespread	Introduced	Invasive	Barnes and Chan (1990); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sida repens (Javanese fanpetals)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Fryxell (2007)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Solanum erianthum (potato tree)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Solanum mammosum (nipplefruit nightshade)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Solanum nigrum (black nightshade)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Solanum torvum (turkey berry)	Present, Localized			Narikawa et al. (1988); Narikawa et al. (1988); Israf et al. (2004); Wiart et al. (2004); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Spathodea campanulata (African tulip tree)	Present	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2008)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Spathoglottis plicata (Philippine ground orchid)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sphenoclea zeylanica (wedgewort)	Present			Moody (1989); Hakim et al. (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sporobolus tenuissimus (tropical dropseed)	Present	Introduced		Veldekamp (2003)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Stachytarpheta cayennensis (blue snakeweed)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (Jamaica vervain)	Present			Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Stachytarpheta urticifolia (rattail)	Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)			Moldenke (1980)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Sterculia foetida (Java olive)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Stictocardia tiliifolia (spottedheart)	Present	Native		PIER (2019)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Striga asiatica (witch weed)	Present	Native		Holm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Synedrella nodiflora (synedrella)	Present			Tasrif et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Syngonium podophyllum (arrowhead vine)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2012)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Syzygium cumini (black plum)	Present	Introduced		Morton (1987)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Syzygium jambos (rose apple)	Present	Native		Morton (1987)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tabebuia rosea (pink poui)	Present	Introduced		Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tamarindus indica (tamarind)	Present	Introduced		Orwa et al. (2009)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tectona grandis (teak)	Present, Planted			CABI Data Mining (undated); Farid et al. (2005)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tephrosia candida (white tephrosia)	Present			ILDIS (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tephrosia vogelii (Vogel's tephrosia)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Terminalia catappa (Singapore almond)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2017); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Themeda arguens (Christmas grass)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Thespesia populnea (portia tree)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tibouchina urvilleana (princessflower)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Toona ciliata (toon)	Present	Native		Hua and Edmonds (2008)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Toona sinensis (Chinese Toona)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Toxicodendron succedaneum (wax tree)	Present	Native		CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tridax procumbens (coat buttons)	Present, Localized			Barnes and Chan (1990); EPPO (2022)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Triphasia trifolia (limeberry)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Tripsacum dactyloides (eastern gamagrass)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2017)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Triumfetta rhomboidea (diamond burbark)	Present	Native		Valkenburg and Bunyapraphatsara (2001)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Turnera ulmifolia (West Indian holly)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Typha angustifolia (lesser bulrush)	Present			Moody (1989); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail)	Present	Introduced		Global Invasive Species Database (2006)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urena lobata (caesar weed)	Present			Holm et al. (1979)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urena sinuata (bur mallow)	Present	Native		Valkenburg and Bunyapraphatsara (2001)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urochloa decumbens (signal grass)	Present	Introduced		Clayton et al. (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urochloa distachya (signal grass)	Present	Native		Schultze-Kraft (1992)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urochloa mutica (para grass)	Present	Introduced	Invasive	Holm et al. (1977)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Urochloa reptans (sprawling signalgrass)	Present	Native		Clayton et al. (2018); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Utricularia gibba	Present	Native		Zhenyu and Cheek (2011)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Vernicia fordii (tung-oil tree)	Present	Introduced		USDA-ARS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Vigna marina (beach bean)	Present	Native		ILDIS (2014)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Vitex parviflora (molave)	Present	Native		PIER (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Vitex rotundifolia (beach vitex)	Present			CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Vitex trifolia	Present	Native		Govaerts (2016)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Xanthosoma sagittifolium (elephant ear)	Present	Introduced		Govaerts (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Xyris complanata (yellow-eyed grass)	Present	Native		GBIF (2015)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Youngia japonica (oriental false hawksbeard)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2018)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Zingiber montanum (cassumunar ginger)	Present	Introduced	Naturalized	Govaerts (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Zingiber officinale (ginger)	Present	Introduced		Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (2016); Abed-Ashtiani et al. (2016); Ng et al. (2018); CABI (Undated)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Zingiber zerumbet (shampoo ginger)	Present	Native		Govaerts (2013)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Ziziphus mauritiana (jujube)	Present	Introduced		World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
Eukaryota	Plantae	Spermatophyta	Zoysia matrella (Manila grass)	Present	Native		USDA-ARS (2016); Waterhouse (1993)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Alexandrium minutum	Present, Localized			Usup et al. (2002)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Babesia caballi	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Babesia equi	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Babesia gibsoni	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Gymnodinium catenatum	Present			Anton and Mohamad-Noor (1996)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Plasmodium relictum	Present	Native		Laird (1998)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Toxoplasma gondii	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Tritrichomonas foetus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Trypanosoma equiperdum	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Eukaryota	Protista	Protozoa	Trypanosoma evansi	Absent			OIE (2018); Luckins (1988); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Virus			African horse sickness virus	Present			OIE (2020); OIE (2018)
Virus			African swine fever virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			Arterivirus	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Virus			avian infectious bronchitis virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
Virus			avian metapneumovirus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			Avipoxvirus	Present			Ideris and Ibrahim (1986); Karpinski and Clubb (1986); Reed and Schrader (1989)
Virus			Banana bunchy top virus (bunchy top of banana)	Present, Localized		Invasive	CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
Virus			Banana streak disease	Present	Native	Invasive	Diekmann and Putter (1996)
Virus			bluetongue virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			bovine herpesvirus 1	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			bovine leukemia virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			bovine viral diarrhea virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			camelpox virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			caprine arthritis encephalitis virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			classical swine fever virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
Virus			Coconut cadang-cadang viroid (cadang cadang disease)	Present, Localized			EPPO (2022); Vadamalai et al. (2006); Vadamalai et al. (2009); Wu et al. (2013); Sathis Sri Thanarajoo et al. (2014)
Virus			Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus	Present			Brunt et al. (1990); Dahal and Albrechtsen (1996); CABI and EPPO (2010)
Virus			Cowpea mild mottle virus (angular mosaic of beans)	Present			EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2019)
Virus			Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			duck hepatitis A virus	Present			CABI (Undated)
Virus			eastern equine encephalitis virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			equid herpesvirus 1	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			equine arteritis virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			equine infectious anaemia virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			equine influenzavirus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			extra small virus	Present			Tayebeh Azam Saedi et al. (2012)
Virus			foot-and-mouth disease virus	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
Virus			fowlpox virus	Present			CABI (Undated)
Virus			Gallid herpesvirus 2	Present			CABI (Undated)
Virus			infectious bursal disease virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
Virus			infectious myonecrosis virus	Present			OIE (2018)
Virus			influenza A virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
Virus			Japanese encephalitis virus	Absent			OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			lumpy skin disease virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus	Present			Tayebeh Azam Saedi et al. (2012)
Virus			myxoma virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			Nairobi sheep disease virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Virus			Newcastle disease virus	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
Virus			Nipah virus	Absent			OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			Papaya ringspot virus	Present			Wahab (1991); CABI and EPPO (2003)
Virus			peste des petits ruminants virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			rabies virus	Present			OIE (2020); OIE (2020)
Virus			Rift Valley fever virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			rinderpest virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			Sugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic)	Present			EPPO (2022)
Virus			Suid herpesvirus 1	Absent			OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt)	Present			UK, CAB International (1978); EPPO (2022)
Virus			transmissible gastroenteritis virus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			visna/maedi virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			West Nile virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Virus			western equine encephalitis virus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)

List of Species CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Species which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database and selected invasive species databases). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

List of Animal Diseases

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The table lists the animal diseases recorded in the Compendium for this region (from the full disease datasheets). For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Disease	Distribution	Origin	Invasive	References
acarapisosis of honey bees	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Aeromonas infection in fish	Present			OIE (2009)
African horse sickness	Present			OIE (2020); OIE (2018)
African swine fever	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
American foul brood	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
anaplasmosis	Present			CABI (Undated)
anthrax	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
atrophic rhinitis of swine	Present			CABI (Undated)
Aujeszky's disease	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
avian adenoviruses infections	Present, Widespread			Devi and Sam (1983); Abdul-Aziz and Al-Attar (1991)
avian chlamydiosis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
avian encephalomyelitis	Present			CABI (Undated)
avian infectious bronchitis	Absent			OIE (2019); Opitz et al. (1979); Babjee (1985); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
avian influenza	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018);
avian intestinal spirochaetosis	Present			Amin et al. (2014)
avian leukosis sarcoma virus infections	Present			CABI (Undated)
avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma gallisepticum)	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma synoviae)	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
avipox	Present			Reed and Schrader (1989); Ideris and Ibrahim (1986); Karpinski and Clubb (1986)
babesiosis	Present			OIE (2009)
bluetongue	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Bothriocephalus acheilognathi infection	Present	Introduced		Fernando and Furtado (1964)
bovine anaplasmosis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine babesiosis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine ephemeral fever	Present			CABI (Undated)
bovine genital campylobacteriosis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine herpesvirus 1 infections	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine spongiform encephalopathy	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine tuberculosis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009); OIE (2018)
bovine venereal trichomonosis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine viral diarrhoea	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
BP virus disease	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
brucellosis (Brucella abortus)	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018)
brucellosis (Brucella melitensis)	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018)
brucellosis (Brucella ovis)	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
brucellosis (Brucella suis)	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Burkholderia pseudomallei infections	Present			Dance (1991)
camel pox	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
caprine arthritis encephalitis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
chicken anaemia	Present			Rozanah et al. (1995)
Chrysomya bezziana infestation	Present	Native	Invasive	Norris and Murray (1964); Wardhana et al. (2012); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Chytridiomycosis	Present			CABI (Undated)
classical swine fever	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
coccidiosis	Present			CABI (Undated)
Cochliomyia hominivorax infestation	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
contagious agalactia	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
contagious bovine pleuropneumonia	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
contagious caprine pleuropneumonia	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
contagious ecthyma	Present			Zamri-Saad et al. (1993); Fatimah et al. (1994)
contagious equine metritis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
crayfish plague	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
cryptosporidiosis in livestock and poultry	Present			Ahmad et al. (1997)
Dichelobacter nodosus infection	Present			CABI (Undated)
Digenean infections of fish	Present			Anderson and Shaharom-Harrison (1986)
dourine	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
duck virus hepatitis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
Echinococcus	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
Echinococcus granulosus	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Echinococcus multilocularis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
enzootic abortion of ewes	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
enzootic bovine leukosis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
epizootic haematopoietic necrosis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
epizootic haemorrhagic disease	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
epizootic ulcerative syndrome	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009); CABI (Undated)
equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern)	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine encephalomyelitis (Western)	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine infectious anaemia	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine influenza	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine piroplasmosis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine rhinopneumonitis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
equine viral arteritis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Escherichia coli infections	Present			Baloda et al. (1992)
European foul brood	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
fibropapillomatosis of sea turtles	Present			Herbst (1994)
foot-and-mouth disease in pigs	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
foot-and-mouth disease in ruminants	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
fowl cholera	Present			OIE (2009)
fowl typhoid	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
fowlpox	Present			Ideris and Ibrahim (1986); Karpinski and Clubb (1986); Reed and Schrader (1989)
glanders	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Gyrodactylus salaris infection	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
haemorrhagic septicaemia	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
heartwater	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
infectious bursal disease	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
infectious coryza	Present			Zaini and Kanameda (1991)
infectious haematopoietic necrosis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis	Present			OIE (2009)
infectious laryngotracheitis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
infectious myonecrosis	Present			OIE (2018)
infectious salmon anaemia	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
Japanese encephalitis	Absent			OIE (2018); Bendell (1970); OIE (2018); OIE (2019); CABI (Undated)
koi herpesvirus disease	Present			OIE (2009); Gilad et al. (2003); Haenen et al. (2004)
leishmaniosis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
leptospirosis	Present			OIE (2009)
leucocytozoonosis	Present			Zainal-Abidin (1995)
listeriosis	Present, Widespread			Arumugaswamy et al. (1994)
lumpy skin disease	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Mannheimia haemolytica infections	Present			Sabri et al. (2013); Chung LimTeik [Chung et al. (2015)
Marek's disease	Present			OIE (2009)
mycobacteriosis in fish	Present			Anderson et al. (1987); Shamsudin et al. (1990)
Mycoplasma agalactiae infections	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
myxomatosis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Nairobi sheep disease	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Newcastle disease	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Nipah virus infection	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
paratuberculosis	Present, Localized			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); CABI (Undated)
Pasteurella multocida infections	Present			Chandrasekaran et al. (1981)
peste des petits ruminants	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Plasmodium relictum infection	Present	Native		Laird (1998)
porcine enterovirus infections	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
porcine parvovirus infection	Present			CABI (Undated)
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
pullorum disease	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Q fever	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018)
rabbit haemorrhagic disease	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
rabies	Present			OIE (2020); OIE (2009); OIE (2020)
red sea bream iridoviral disease	Present			OIE (2009)
reticuloendotheliosis	Present			Chai and Yuasa (1989)
Rift Valley fever	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
rinderpest	Absent			OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
rotavirus infections in livestock and poultry	Present			CABI (Undated)
scrapie	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
sheep and goat pox	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
small hive beetle infestation	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
spherical baculovirosis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
spring viraemia of carp	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
surra	Absent			OIE (2019); Luckins (1988); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
swine influenza	Present			TAN et al. (1979)
Taura syndrome	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
tetanus	Present, Widespread			Habibah et al. (1998)
Theileria orientalis/Theileria buffeli infections	Present			CABI (Undated)
theileriosis	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
transmissible gastroenteritis and porcine respiratory coronovirus infection	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Trichinella	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
trichomonosis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
tropical pulmonary eosinophilia	Present			CABI Data Mining (2001)
Tropilaelaps infestation of honey bees	Absent			OIE (2019); Koeniger et al. (2002); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
trypanosomosis	Absent			OIE (2019); Arunasalam et al. (1995); Cheah et al. (1999); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
tuberculosis	Present, Localized			OIE (2019)
tularaemia	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
turkey rhinotracheitis	Absent			OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
varroosis of honey bees	Absent			OIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
Venezuelan equine encephalitis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
vesicular stomatitis	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
viral haemorrhagic septicaemia	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)
visna/maedi	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
West Nile fever	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2019); Hubálek et al. (1999); OIE (2018); OIE (2018)
white spot disease	Present			OIE (2009)
white tail disease	Present			Tayebeh Azam Saedi et al. (2012)
yellow head disease	Absent, No presence record(s)			OIE (2009)

List of Animal Diseases CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Animal Diseases which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

Agricultural Production

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Crop		2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
Areca nuts	Area harvested	60	58	94	83	91
	Production quantity	206	177	328	303	339
	Yield	34,333 Fc	30,517 Fc	34,894 Fc	36,506 Fc	37,253 Fc
Bananas	Area harvested	21,363	24,219	27,565	22,294	24,858
	Production quantity	322,732	330,957	350,493	309,508	315,500
	Yield	151,071 Fc	136,652 Fc	127,151 Fc	138,830 Fc	126,921 Fc
Bastfibres, other	Area harvested	1,730	2,068	2,213	3,107	2,805
	Production quantity	7,183	10,012	3,268	10,340	11,602
	Yield	41,520 Fc	48,414 Fc	14,767 Fc	33,280 Fc	41,362 Fc
Cabbages and other brassicas	Area harvested	2,740	3,300	3,279	3,774	8,261
	Production quantity	66,064	80,641	77,342	101,258	277,202
	Yield	241,109 Fc	244,367 Fc	235,871 Fc	268,304 Fc	335,555 Fc
Cashew nuts, with shell	Area harvested	7,539 Im	7,513 Im	7,488 Im	7,459 Im	7,428 Im
	Production quantity	16,692 Im	16,493 Im	16,298 Im	16,094 Im	15,816 Im
	Yield	22,141 Fc	21,953 Fc	21,765 Fc	21,577 Fc	21,292 Fc
Cassava	Area harvested	2,446	1,971	2,566	3,148	3,418
	Production quantity	42,267	34,997	44,229	61,161	67,713
	Yield	172,800 Fc	177,560 Fc	172,366 Fc	194,285 Fc	198,107 Fc
Cereals, Total	Area harvested	690,949 A	709,528 A	696,025 A	698,812 A	691,589 A
	Production quantity	2,965,976 A	2,708,109 A	2,643,074 A	2,804,473 A	2,803,864 A
	Yield	42,926 Fc	38,168 Fc	37,974 Fc	40,132 Fc	40,542 Fc
Chillies and peppers, dry	Area harvested	3,500 Im	3,394 Im	3,292 Im	3,195 Im	3,102 Im
	Production quantity	2,370 Im	2,345 Im	2,321 Im	2,296 Im	2,279 Im
	Yield	6,771 Fc	6,909 Fc	7,050 Fc	7,186 Fc	7,347 Fc
Chillies and peppers, green	Area harvested	2,843	2,390	2,835	3,176	2,915
	Production quantity	27,555	24,428	27,358	43,738	47,015
	Yield	96,922 Fc	102,209 Fc	96,501 Fc	137,714 Fc	161,286 Fc
Citrus Fruit, Total	Area harvested	3,620 A	3,361 A	4,077 A	4,135 A	4,201 A
	Production quantity	35,732 A	35,135 A	36,323 A	36,466 A	36,411 A
	Yield	98,707 Fc	104,537 Fc	89,092 Fc	88,189 Fc	86,672 Fc
Cloves	Area harvested	1,014 Im	1,005 Im	996 Im	987 Im	977 Im
	Production quantity	228 Im	227 Im	226 Im	225 Im	224 Im
	Yield	2,249 Fc	2,259 Fc	2,269 Fc	2,280 Fc	2,293 Fc
Cocoa, beans	Area harvested	15,008	15,008	16,871	16,738	18,122
	Production quantity	1,005	814	1,012	1,723	1,729
	Yield	670 Fc	542 Fc	600 Fc	1,029 Fc	954 Fc
Coconuts	Area harvested	76,776	75,072	74,008	75,151	73,167
	Production quantity	536,606	495,531	517,589	504,773	505,614
	Yield	69,892 Fc	66,007 Fc	69,937 Fc	67,168 Fc	69,104 Fc
Coffee, green	Area harvested	1,576	1,477	2,076	2,030	1,976
	Production quantity	3,559	3,369	8,109	7,170	5,929
	Yield	22,582 Fc	22,810 Fc	39,061 Fc	35,320 Fc	30,005 Fc
Coir	Production quantity	21,488 Im	21,556 Im	21,624 Im	21,369 Im	21,036 Im
Coir	Area harvested
Cucumbers and gherkins	Area harvested	4,999	4,114	4,401	4,359	4,371
	Production quantity	103,359	85,134	88,492	97,621	100,817
	Yield	206,759 Fc	206,937 Fc	201,072 Fc	223,953 Fc	230,650 Fc
Fibre Crops Primary	Area harvested	1,730 A	2,068 A	2,213 A	3,107 A	2,805 A
	Production quantity	7,183 A	10,012 A	3,268 A	10,340 A	11,602 A
	Yield	41,520 Fc	48,414 Fc	14,767 Fc	33,280 Fc	41,362 Fc
Fruit Primary	Area harvested	83,436 A	87,501 A	93,093 A	89,779 A	90,218 A
	Production quantity	1,113,984 A	1,146,167 A	1,278,867 A	1,282,320 A	1,328,908 A
	Yield	133,514 Fc	130,989 Fc	137,375 Fc	142,831 Fc	147,300 Fc
Fruit, citrus nes	Area harvested	670 Im	662 Im	657 Im	655 Im	664 Im
	Production quantity	3,109 Im	3,089 Im	3,080 Im	3,088 Im	3,091 Im
	Yield	46,403 Fc	46,662 Fc	46,880 Fc	47,145 Fc	46,551 Fc
Fruit, fresh nes	Area harvested	14,857 Im	14,655 Im	14,453 Im	14,251 Im	14,117 Im
	Production quantity	115,537 Im	113,860 Im	112,184 Im	110,507 Im	109,781 Im
	Yield	77,766 Fc	77,694 Fc	77,620 Fc	77,543 Fc	77,765 Fc
Fruit, tropical fresh nes	Area harvested	14,157 Im	14,573 Im	14,963 Im	15,328 Im	15,609 Im
	Production quantity	61,342 Im	65,296 Im	69,249 Im	73,202 Im	77,327 Im
	Yield	43,330 Fc	44,806 Fc	46,280 Fc	47,757 Fc	49,540 Fc
Ginger	Area harvested	761	846	974	940	965
	Production quantity	11,205	13,485	14,279	13,362	12,924
	Yield	147,240 Fc	159,397 Fc	146,602 Fc	142,149 Fc	133,927 Fc
Grapefruit (inc. pomelos)	Area harvested	858	818	892	910	1,044
	Production quantity	15,109	15,281	13,037	12,858	10,196
	Yield	176,096 Fc	186,809 Fc	146,155 Fc	141,297 Fc	97,663 Fc
Groundnuts, with shell	Area harvested	87	66	71	79	93
	Production quantity	262	178	234	231	382
	Yield	30,115 Fc	26,970 Fc	32,958 Fc	29,241 Fc	41,075 Fc
Lemons and limes	Area harvested	877	853	1,011	1,013	850
	Production quantity	6,504	6,625	6,961	7,072	7,587
	Yield	74,162 Fc	77,667 Fc	68,853 Fc	69,812 Fc	89,259 Fc
Lettuce and chicory	Area harvested	2,810	2,726	2,323	3,017	3,182
	Production quantity	48,738	46,114	40,358	65,268	66,006
	Yield	173,445 Fc	169,164 Fc	173,732 Fc	216,334 Fc	207,436 Fc
Maize	Area harvested	6,533	9,548	10,477	10,042	10,030
	Production quantity	53,773	68,907	72,561	64,867	62,460
	Yield	82,310 Fc	72,169 Fc	69,257 Fc	64,596 Fc	62,273 Fc
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavas	Area harvested	8,442	8,082	9,571	8,379	8,344
	Production quantity	80,841	75,901	113,824	102,046	98,315
	Yield	95,760 Fc	93,914 Fc	118,926 Fc	121,788 Fc	117,827 Fc
Manila fibre (abaca)	Area harvested	M	M	M	M	M
Manila fibre (abaca)	Production quantity	M	M	M	M	M
Nutmeg, mace and cardamoms	Area harvested	17	22	23	23	22
	Production quantity	34	105	95	57	61
	Yield	20,000 Fc	47,727 Fc	41,304 Fc	24,783 Fc	27,727 Fc
Oil palm fruit	Area harvested	5,216,822	5,189,344	5,110,713	5,001,438	4,859,397
	Production quantity	99,065,364	98,419,438	101,740,900	86,325,309	98,344,073
	Yield	189,896 Fc	189,657 Fc	199,074 Fc	172,601 Fc	202,379 Fc
Oilcrops	Area harvested	5,451,258 A	5,421,075 A	5,340,380 A	5,231,226 A	5,087,999 A
	Production quantity	99,807,815 A	99,116,936 A	102,456,717 A	87,024,512 A	99,041,766 A
	Yield	183,091 Fc	182,836 Fc	191,853 Fc	166,356 Fc	194,658 Fc
Oilcrops, Cake Equivalent	Area harvested	5,451,258 A	5,421,075 A	5,340,380 A	5,231,226 A	5,087,999 A
	Production quantity	3,257,217 A	3,231,470 A	3,334,609 A	2,850,339 A	3,223,948 A
	Yield	5,975 Fc	5,961 Fc	6,244 Fc	5,449 Fc	6,336 Fc
Oilcrops, Oil Equivalent	Area harvested	5,451,258 A	5,421,075 A	5,340,380 A	5,231,226 A	5,087,999 A
	Production quantity	21,688,135 A	21,541,079 A	22,265,575 A	18,908,337 A	21,523,024 A
	Yield	39,786 Fc	39,736 Fc	41,693 Fc	36,145 Fc	42,302 Fc
Oilseeds nes	Area harvested	157,573 Im	156,593 Im	155,588 Im	154,558 Im	155,342 Im
	Production quantity	205,583 Im	201,789 Im	197,994 Im	194,199 Im	191,697 Im
	Yield	13,047 Fc	12,886 Fc	12,726 Fc	12,565 Fc	12,340 Fc
Okra	Area harvested	3,781	3,250	3,411	3,127	3,326
	Production quantity	58,204	52,318	53,937	49,057	50,778
	Yield	153,938 Fc	160,978 Fc	158,127 Fc	156,882 Fc	152,670 Fc
Oranges	Area harvested	1,215	1,028	1,517	1,557	1,643
	Production quantity	11,010	10,140	13,245	13,448	15,537
	Yield	90,617 Fc	98,638 Fc	87,310 Fc	86,371 Fc	94,565 Fc
Papayas	Area harvested	2,128	1,839	2,738	3,980	2,514
	Production quantity	53,675	52,551	83,797	65,967	60,625
	Yield	252,232 Fc	285,759 Fc	306,052 Fc	165,746 Fc	241,150 Fc
Pepper (piper spp.)	Area harvested	7,299	7,176	17,087	16,768	16,333
	Production quantity	33,940	32,292	30,433	29,245	28,300
	Yield	46,500 Fc	45,000 Fc	17,811 Fc	17,441 Fc	17,327 Fc
Pineapples	Area harvested	10,561	11,356	10,131	10,354	10,551
	Production quantity	299,912	322,460	340,722	391,714	452,021
	Yield	283,981 Fc	283,956 Fc	336,316 Fc	378,321 Fc	428,415 Fc
Pumpkins, squash and gourds	Area harvested	2,077	1,738	1,435	1,128	1,817
	Production quantity	25,811	25,475	23,859	16,494	25,652
	Yield	124,271 Fc	146,577 Fc	166,265 Fc	146,223 Fc	141,178 Fc
Rice, paddy	Area harvested	684,416	699,980	685,548	688,770	681,559
	Production quantity	2,912,203	2,639,202	2,570,513	2,739,606	2,741,404
	Yield	42,550 Fc	37,704 Fc	37,496 Fc	39,775 Fc	40,223 Fc
Rice, paddy (rice milled equivalent)	Production quantity	1,942,439 Fc	1,760,348 Fc	1,714,532 Fc	1,827,317 Fc	1,828,516 Fc
Roots and tubers nes	Area harvested	325 Im	345 Im	362 Im	667 Im	735
	Production quantity	2,574 Im	2,759 Im	2,939 Im	5,395 Im	4,857
	Yield	79,200 Fc	79,971 Fc	81,188 Fc	80,885 Fc	66,082 Fc
Roots and Tubers, Total	Area harvested	6,088 A	5,051 A	5,369 A	6,407 A	7,061 A
	Production quantity	101,164 A	89,981 A	88,413 A	109,768 A	123,177 A
	Yield	166,170 Fc	178,145 Fc	164,673 Fc	171,325 Fc	174,447 Fc
Rubber, natural	Area harvested	1,083,992	1,082,992	1,081,698	1,077,993	1,074,386
	Production quantity	639,830	603,329	740,138	673,513	722,122
	Yield	5,903 Fc	5,571 Fc	6,842 Fc	6,248 Fc	6,721 Fc
Soybeans	Area harvested	M	M	M	M	M
Soybeans	Production quantity	M	M	M	M	M
Spices nes	Area harvested	75 Im	74 Im	73 Im	72 Im	72 Im
	Production quantity	750 Im	739 Im	729 Im	719 Im	722 Im
	Yield	100,000 Fc	99,865 Fc	99,863 Fc	99,861 Fc	100,278 Fc
Spinach	Area harvested	6,210	5,653	5,485	4,276	3,860
	Production quantity	77,761	72,308	71,180	54,823	48,357
	Yield	125,219 Fc	127,911 Fc	129,772 Fc	128,211 Fc	125,277 Fc
Sugar cane	Area harvested	1,158	1,400	1,668	1,515	1,717
	Production quantity	20,618	23,475	29,990	28,038	30,271
	Yield	178,048 Fc	167,679 Fc	179,796 Fc	185,069 Fc	176,302 Fc
Sugar Crops Primary	Area harvested	1,158 A	1,400 A	1,668 A	1,515 A	1,717 A
	Production quantity	20,618 A	23,475 A	29,990 A	28,038 A	30,271 A
	Yield	178,048 Fc	167,679 Fc	179,796 Fc	185,069 Fc	176,302 Fc
Sweet potatoes	Area harvested	3,317	2,735	2,441	2,592	2,908
	Production quantity	56,323	52,225	41,245	43,212	50,607
	Yield	169,801 Fc	190,951 Fc	168,968 Fc	166,713 Fc	174,027 Fc
Tea	Area harvested	1,440	2,083	1,845	2,003	1,890
	Production quantity	6,621	10,808	10,385	11,708	11,130
	Yield	45,979 Fc	51,887 Fc	56,287 Fc	58,452 Fc	58,889 Fc
Tobacco, unmanufactured	Area harvested	1,365 Im	1,458 Im	1,550 Im	1,642 Im	1,754 Im
	Production quantity	1,026 Im	1,099 Im	1,172 Im	1,244 Im	1,340 Im
	Yield	7,516 Fc	7,538 Fc	7,561 Fc	7,576 Fc	7,640 Fc
Tomatoes	Area harvested	1,974	2,101	1,941	2,794	1,984
	Production quantity	176,505	199,422	188,185	242,946	165,177
	Yield	894,149 Fc	949,177 Fc	969,526 Fc	869,528 Fc	832,545 Fc
Treenuts, Total	Area harvested	7,539 A	7,513 A	7,488 A	7,459 A	7,428 A
	Production quantity	16,692 A	16,493 A	16,298 A	16,094 A	15,816 A
	Yield	22,141 Fc	21,953 Fc	21,765 Fc	21,577 Fc	21,292 Fc
Vegetables Primary	Area harvested	58,174 A	55,558 A	54,915 A	54,948 A	58,176 A
	Production quantity	1,286,212 A	1,259,226 A	1,215,268 A	1,286,932 A	1,359,632 A
	Yield	221,097 Fc	226,651 Fc	221,300 Fc	234,209 Fc	233,710 Fc
Vegetables, fresh nes	Area harvested	30,740 Im	30,286 Im	29,805 Im	29,297 Im	28,460 Im
	Production quantity	702,215 Im	673,386 Im	644,557 Im	615,727 Im	578,628 Im
	Yield	228,437 Fc	222,342 Fc	216,258 Fc	210,167 Fc	203,313 Fc
Watermelons	Area harvested	8,308	9,416	9,595	11,058	10,024
	Production quantity	144,213	150,007	172,275	192,910	178,928
	Yield	173,583 Fc	159,311 Fc	179,547 Fc	174,453 Fc	178,500 Fc

Flag
No flag = Official data
A = Aggregate, may include official, semi-official, estimated or calculated data
Fc = Calculated data
Im = FAO data based on imputation methodology
M = Data not available

Units
Area harvested = ha
Production quantity = tonnes
Yield = hg/ha

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (2021). FAOSTAT - Food and agriculture data, http://www.fao.org/faostat/. Reproduced with permission.

Land Usage

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Land Use		2018	2017	2016	2015	2014
Agricultural land	Area	8,571 Fm	8,571 Fm	8,571 Fm	8,570 Fm	8,089 Fm
Agriculture	Area	8,571 Fc	8,571 Fc	8,571 Fc	8,570 Fc	8,089 Fc
Agriculture area certified organic	Area	10 I
Agriculture area under organic agric.	Area	10 I	1 I	1 I	1 I	1 I
Arable land	Area	826 Fm	826 Fm	826 Fm	825 Q	804 Fm
Country area	Area	33,035 Fm	33,035 Fm	33,035 Fm	33,035 Q	33,040 Fm
Cropland	Area	8,286 Fm	8,286 Fm	8,286 Fm	8,285 Q	7,804 Fm
Forest land	Area	19,214 Q	19,264 Q	19,315 Q	19,464 Q	19,361 Fm
Inland waters	Area	225 Fm	225 Fm	225 Fm	225 Fm	225 Fm
Land area	Area	32,855 Fm	32,855 Fm	32,855 Fm	32,855 Fm	32,855 Fm
Land area equipped for irrigation	Area	442 Fm	442 Fm	442 Fm	442 Q	443 Fm
Land under perm. meadows and pastures	Area	285 Fm	285 Fm	285 Fm	285 Fm	285 Fm
Land under permanent crops	Area	7,460 Fm	7,460 Fm	7,460 Fm	7,460 Q	7,000 Fm
Land under temp. meadows and pastures	Area	92 Fm	92 Fm	92 Fm	92 Q	96 Fm
Land under temporary crops	Area	614 Fm	614 Fm	614 Fm	613 Q	590 Fm
Land with temporary fallow	Area	120 Fm	120 Fm	120 Fm	120 Q	119 Fm
Naturally regenerating forest	Area	17,501 Q	17,544 Q	17,586 Q	17,756 Q	17,733 Fm
Other land	Area	5,070 Fc	5,020 Fc	4,969 Fc	4,821 Fc	5,405 Fc
Planted Forest	Area	1,713 Q	1,721 Q	1,729 Q	1,708 Q	1,628 Fm
Cropland area actually irrigated	Area		442 Fm	442 Fm	442 Q	444 Fm
Primary Forest	Area		5,041 Fm	5,041 Fm	5,041 Q	5,006 Fm
Coastal waters used for aquac. or holding facilities	Area			19 Q	23 Q	22 Q
Coastal waters used for capture fisheries	Area			6,504 Q	6,504 Q	6,504 Q
EEZ used for aquac. or holding facilities	Area			37,982 Q	37,982 Q	37,982 Q
Inland waters used for aquac. or holding facilities	Area			3 Q	1 Q	1 Q
Land area actually irrigated	Area			442 Fm	442 Q	444 Fm
Land used for aquaculture	Area			39 Q	37 Q	28 Q
Agriculture area actually irrigated	Area				442 Q

Flag
Fc = Calculated data
Fm = Manual Estimation
I = Country data reported by International Organizations where the country is a member (Semi-official) - WTO, EU, UNSD, etc.
Q = Official data reported on FAO Questionnaires from countries

Units
Area = 1000 ha

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (2021). FAOSTAT - Food and agriculture data, http://www.fao.org/faostat/. Reproduced with permission.

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Invasive Species Compendium

Datasheet

Malaysia

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Malaysia

Index

Summary

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List of Species

List of Species CSV Output

List of Animal Diseases

List of Animal Diseases CSV Output

Agricultural Production

Land Usage