Invasive Species Compendium

Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide

Datasheet

Mexico

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Datasheet

Mexico

Index

Summary

  • Population, total
  • 127,575,529 (2019)
  • GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
  • 9,480 (2019)
  • GNI, Atlas method (current US$ in millions)
  • 1,209,833.68 (2019)
  • GDP (current US$ in millions)
  • 1,268,870.53 (2019)
  • Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
  • 3.39 (2019)

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List of Species

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The table lists the species recorded in the Compendium for this region(from the full species datasheets). It includes species that are invasive in this region, those for which there is no data on invasive status, and also species that are not invasive in the region but are reported as invasive elsewhere. This summary table is based on all the information available.When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the distribution record. For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Domain Kingdom Phylum Species Distribution Origin Invasive References
Cucumis dipsaceus (hedgehog gourd)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2016)
Erythroneura vulnerataPresentEPPO (2022)
yellow head virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Clavibacter michiganensis (bacterial canker of tomato)Present, LocalizedBradbury (1986); Holguín-Peña et al. (2006); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Clavibacter sepedonicus (potato ring rot)PresentRueda Puente et al. (2010); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Coryne eximiaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (bacterial wilt of dry beans)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2010)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Dermatophilus congolensisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (sugarcane ratoon stunting disease)PresentBradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
BacteriaActinobacteria [phylum]Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaBacteroidetesPaenibacillus larvaeAbsentOIE (2019); Djordjevic et al. (1994); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesBacillus anthracisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesCandidatus Phytoplasma asteris (yellow disease phytoplasmas)Present, WidespreadLee IngMing et al. (1998); Zak et al. (2011); Poghosyan et al. (2015); CABI (Undated);
BacteriaFirmicutesCandidatus Phytoplasma palmae (lethal yellowing (LY))Present, LocalizedHarrison et al. (2002); Narvaez et al. (2006); Aviña-Padilla et al. (2011); Vázquez-Euán et al. (2011); Narváez et al. (2018); Poghosyan et al. (2019); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated);
BacteriaFirmicutesCandidatus Phytoplasma trifolii (clover proliferation phytoplasma)PresentReveles-Torres et al. (2018); Mauricio-Castillo et al. (2015); Salas-Muñoz et al. (2016); Swisher et al. (2017); Mauricio-Castillo et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaFirmicutesMelissococcus plutoniusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniaeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma gallisepticumPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) typeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesMycoplasma synoviaePresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaFirmicutesSpiroplasma kunkelii (corn stunt spiroplasma)PresentDavis et al. (1981); Bajet and Renfro (1989); CABI and EPPO (2008); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaAnaplasma marginalePresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella abortusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella melitensisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella ovisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaBrucella suisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCampylobacter fetus subsp. venerealisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCandidatus Hepatobacter penaeiAbsentOIE (2019); Ibarra-Gámez et al. (2007); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCandidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Asian greening)Present, LocalizedIPPC (2009); CABI/EPPO (2017); Pérez-Zarate et al. (2020); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCandidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (zebra chip)Present, LocalizedNativeInvasiveMunyaneza et al. (2009); Munyaneza et al. (2009); Munyaneza et al. (2009); CABI/EPPO (2011); Ling et al. (2011); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriacitrus huanglongbing (greening) disease (citrus greening)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2019); CABI (Undated)
BacteriaProteobacteriaCoxiella burnetiiAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaEhrlichia ruminantiumAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaErwinia amylovora (fireblight)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveLopez and Fucikovsky (1990); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated);
BacteriaProteobacteriaFrancisella tularensisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaMannheimia haemolyticaPresentPijoan Aguadé and Chávez Durón (2003)
BacteriaProteobacteriaPasteurella multocidaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaPseudomonas cichorii (bacterial blight of endive)PresentUK, CAB International (1983); Yáñez-Morales et al. (2003); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaPseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (oleander knot)PresentInvasiveBradbury (1986); UK, CAB International (1987)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt of potato)PresentEPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum race 1 (bacterial wilt of solanaceous crops)Present, LocalizedCABI and EPPO (1999)
BacteriaProteobacteriaRalstonia solanacearum race 2 (moko disease)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2021)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella AbortusequiAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella abortusovisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella enteritidisPresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella gallinarumPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaSalmonella pullorumAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaTaylorella equigenitalisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaVibrio parahaemolyticusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); Nunan et al. (2014); Soto-Rodriguez et al. (2015); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (cassava bacterial blight)PresentUK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (bean blight)Present, WidespreadBradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas axonopodis pv. vasculorum (sugarcane gumming disease)PresentBradbury (1986); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas citri (citrus canker)Present, Transient under eradicationEPPO (2022); Pruvost et al. (1992); Vernière et al. (1998)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas fragariae (angular leaf spot)PresentFernández-Pavía et al. (2014); EPPO (2022)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas translucens pv. cerealis (bacterial leaf streak of grasses)PresentEPPO (2014)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXanthomonas translucens pv. translucens (bacterial leaf streak of barley)PresentBamberg (1936); CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated);
BacteriaProteobacteriaXenohaliotis californiensisPresent, WidespreadCaceres-Martinez and Tinoco-Orta (2001); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BacteriaProteobacteriaXylella fastidiosa (Pierce's disease of grapevines)PresentGuevara (1997); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaAphanomyces astaciAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaAphanomyces invadansAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPeronosclerospora sorghi (sorghum downy mildew)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedInvasiveGarza et al. (1985); UK, CAB International (1988); Prom et al. (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPeronospora belbahrii (basil downy mildew)Present, LocalizedInvasiveCABI and EPPO (2015); Romero Bastidas et al. (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPhytophthora cinnamomi (Phytophthora dieback)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUK, CAB International (1991); Tainter et al. (2000); Fernández-Pavía et al. (2013); Hernández-Pérez et al. (2019); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPhytophthora infestans (Phytophthora blight)PresentUK, CAB International (1982); Carter et al. (1990); Goodwin et al. (1999); Jaime-Garcia et al. (2001); Fernández-Pavía et al. (2002); Gavino and Fry (2002); Knapova and Gisi (2002); Vossen et al. (2003); Garay-Serrano et al. (2007); López Orona et al. (2013)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPhytophthora medicaginis (Phytophthora root rot of lucerne)Present, LocalizedRomero (1978); Aguirre et al. (1983)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPlasmopara halstedii (downy mildew of sunflower)PresentGreathead and Greathead (1992); CABI and EPPO (2014)
EukaryotaChromistaOomycotaPlasmopara viticola (grapevine downy mildew)PresentUK, CAB International (1988)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaAlternaria triticina (leaf blight of wheat)PresentIntroducedWaller (1981); Herb IMI (undated)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaApiognomonia errabunda (anthracnose)PresentAlvarado Rosales et al. (2007)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaBlumeria graminis (powdery mildew of grasses and cereals)PresentCABI and EPPO (2004)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaCeratocystis fimbriata (Ceratocystis blight)Present, LocalizedNativeMartin (1947); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaClaviceps africana (ergot)PresentIntroducedTorres and Montez (1997); Bandyopadhyay et al. (1998); CABI and EPPO (2006); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaClaviceps fusiformis (pearl millet ergot)PresentIntroducedCABI and EPPO (2006)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaColletotrichum acutatum (black spot of strawberry)PresentCABI and EPPO (2010); Avila-Quezada et al. (2007); Velázquez-Silva et al. (2018)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaDiplodia seriata (grapevine trunk disease)PresentCABI and EPPO (2005); Úrbez-Torres et al. (2008)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Panama disease of banana)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveCABI and EPPO (2015); Czislowski et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (Fusarium wilt)PresentUK, CAB International (1982)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaFusicladium effusum (pecan scab)PresentNativeGarza López et al. (1996); CABI/EPPO (2012)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaGibberella circinata (pitch canker)PresentGuerra-Santos (1999); Britz et al. (2001); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaGuignardia citricarpa (citrus black spot)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaMycosphaerella dearnessii (brown spot needle blight)PresentEvans (1984); CABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaMycosphaerella fijiensis (black Sigatoka)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveStover and Simmonds (1987); Mourichon and Fullerton (1990); CABI and EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaMycosphaerella populorum (septoria leaf spot)PresentRomo Lozano et al. (1992); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPhomopsis vexans (Phomopsis blight of eggplant)PresentMcguire and Crandall (1967); CABI and EPPO (2008); BPI (US National Fungus Collections) (2009)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.)Absent, Confirmed absent by surveyEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaPseudocercospora ulei (South American leaf blight of rubber (SALB))Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveMartin (1948); UK, CAB International (1990); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiAscomycotaSphaeropsis sapinea (Sphaeropsis blight)PresentStanosz et al. (1999); Wet et al. (2000); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaAustropuccinia psidii (myrtle rust)PresentCABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaHeterobasidion annosumPresentGarbelotto and Chapela (2000)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaHeterobasidion annosum sensu lato (Heterobasidion root rot)Present, WidespreadNativeUK, CAB International (1980); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaHeterobasidion parviporumPresentNativeGarbelotto and Chapela (2000)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaMoniliophthora roreri (frosty pod rot)PresentIntroducedInvasivePhillips-Mora et al. (2006); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPhakopsora pachyrhizi (soyabean rust)Present, LocalizedCABI and EPPO (2015); NAPPO (2005); Cárcamo Rodríguez et al. (2006); IPPC (2006); Yáñez Morales et al. (2009); NAPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia graminis (stem rust of cereals)Present, WidespreadBORLAUG (1958); Roelfs (1985)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia horiana (white rust of chrysanthemum)Present, Few occurrencesEPPO (2022); García Velasco et al. (2007); CABI and EPPO (2008); Demers et al. (2015)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaPuccinia kuehnii (orange rust)Present, LocalizedFlores et al. (2009); NAPPO (2010); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaThecaphora solani (potato smut)PresentNativeO'Brien and Thirumalachar (1972); Duran (1987); UK, CAB International (1993); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaTilletia indica (Karnal bunt of wheat)Present, LocalizedRoyer and Rytter (1988); Bonde et al. (1996); UK, CAB International (1996); Gaudet et al. (2001); Riccioni et al. (2006); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiBasidiomycotaUrocystis agropyri (flag smut of wheat)PresentUK, CAB International (1991); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaFungiChytridiomycotaBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)Present, LocalizedFrías-Alvarez et al. (2008); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaFungiChytridiomycotaBatrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaFungiChytridiomycotaSynchytrium endobioticum (wart disease of potato)Absent, Formerly presentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaAnnelidaBranchiomma curtumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaAnnelidaFicopomatus miamiensisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaAnnelidaHydroides elegansPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaAnnelidaHydroides sanctaecrucisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaAnnelidaPrionospio malmgreniPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaAnnelidaPseudopolydora kempiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAcarapis woodi (honeybee mite)PresentEPPO (2022); OIE (2009); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAceria guerreronis (coconut mite)Present, WidespreadEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAculops lycopersici (tomato russet mite)PresentUndurraga and Dybas (1988); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito)PresentIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAethina tumidaPresentIntroducedFERA (Food and Environment Research Agency) (2010); OIE (2020); OIE (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAgrilus auroguttatus (goldspotted oak borer)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAgrotis ipsilon (black cutworm)Present, WidespreadCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly)Present, WidespreadShaw (1950); Mound and Halsey (1978); UK, CAB International (1995); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurodicus cocois (coconut whitefly)PresentMound and Halsey (1978)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurodicus rugioperculatus (rugose spiralling whitefly)PresentSánchez-Flores et al. (2017); Sánchez-Flores et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAleurotrachelus atratus (palm-infesting whitefly)PresentIntroducedEvans (2008)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAmpelisca abditaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAmphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle)PresentNativeInvasiveHenry and McLaughlin (1975); Espinosa Garduno (1980)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAmpithoe longimanaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha fraterculus (South American fruit fly)Present, LocalizedNativeWulp (1899); Stone (1942); Bush (1962); Hernández-Ortiz (1992); Aluja et al. (2003); García-Ramírez et al. (2010); Hernández-Ortiz et al. (2015); Scally et al. (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha grandis (South American cucurbit fruit fly)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha ludens (Mexican fruit fly)Present, WidespreadEPPO (2022); Loew (1873); Darby and Kapp (1934); Stone (1942); UK, CAB International (1958); Celedonio-Hurtado et al. (1988); Carroll and Wharton (1989); Hernandez-Ortiz (1992); Epsky (2003); Mangan (2003); Thomas (2003); Rull et al. (2007); García-Ramírez et al. (2010); Ruiz-Montiel et al. (2013); Aluja et al. (2014); Lasa et al. (2014); Ruiz-Arce et al. (2015); Vanoye-Eligio et al. (2015); Déctor et al. (2016); Scally et al. (2016); Vanoye-Eligio et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha obliqua (West Indian fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeAluja et al. (1987); Hernandez-Ortiz (1992); Aluja et al. (2000); Aluja et al. (2003); Aluja et al. (2004); CABI/EPPO (2011); Scally et al. (2016); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha serpentina (sapodilla fruit fly)Present, LocalizedNativeStone (1942); Bush and Jr. (1957); Aluja et al. (1987); Hernández-Ortiz (1992); López et al. (1999); CABI and EPPO (2001); Aluja et al. (2003); Epsky (2003); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnastrepha striata (guava fruit fly)Present, WidespreadNativeStone (1942); Aluja et al. (1987); Steck et al. (1990); Aluja et al. (1993); CABI and EPPO (2002); Aluja et al. (2003); Hernández-Ortiz et al. (2006); García-Ramírez et al. (2010); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnoplolepis gracilipes (yellow crazy ant)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAnthonomus grandis (Mexican cotton boll weevil)Present, WidespreadNativeJones et al. (1989); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAonidiella aurantii (red scale)PresentRose (1990); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAonidiella orientalis (oriental yellow scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1978); Arriola Padilla et al. (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAonidomytilus albus (tapioca scale)PresentNativeCockerell (1899); UK, CAB International (1978); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAphis craccivora (groundnut aphid)PresentUK, CAB International (1983)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAphis gossypii (cotton aphid)PresentUK, CAB International (1968)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveUK, CAB International (1969); Cham et al. (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaApis melliferaPresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaApis mellifera scutellata (africanized bee)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCairns et al. (2005); Nielsen et al. (2000)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaArtemia (brine shrimp)PresentNativeVan (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAspidiotus destructor (coconut scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1966); Miller (1996)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaAulacaspis yasumatsui (cycad aulacaspis scale)PresentGonzález-Gómez et al. (2016); Normark et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBactericera cockerelli (tomato/potato psyllid)PresentNativeInvasiveTuthill (1945); Liu et al. (2006); Munyaneza et al. (2007); Hansen et al. (2008); Ling et al. (2011); Rubio-Covarrubias et al. (2011); Swisher et al. (2013); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBactrocera oleae (olive fruit fly)PresentIntroducedNardi et al. (2005); Nardi et al. (2006); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBagrada hilaris (painted bug)Present, LocalizedIntroducedTorres-Acosta and Sánchez-Peña (2016); Sánchez-Peña (2014); Acosta et al. (2016); CABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBalanus amphitrite (striped barnacle)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly)Present, WidespreadCosta et al. (1993); CAB International and European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (1998); Holguín-Peña et al. (2004); Alvarez-Ruiz et al. (2007); Mauricio-Castillo et al. (2007); Shatters et al. (2009); Holguín-Peña et al. (2010); McKenzie et al. (2012); Méndez-Lozano et al. (2012); Pineda et al. (2017); Domínguez-Durán et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBemisia tabaci (MEAM1) (silverleaf whitefly)PresentCosta et al. (1993); Brown et al. (1995); Brown and Idris (2006); Holguín-Peña et al. (2010); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBemisia tabaci (MED) (silverleaf whitefly)PresentMartinez-Carrillo and Brown (2007); McKenzie et al. (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBlattella germanica (German cockroach)PresentIntroducedEspinosa-Islas et al. (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBombus terrestris (bumble bee)PresentIntroducedStout and Goulson (2000); Flanders et al. (2003); Winter et al. (2006)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBoophilus microplusPresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBrevipalpus lewisi (citrus flat mite)PresentRodríguez-Navarro et al. (2003); CABI and EPPO (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaBrevipalpus phoenicis (false spider mite)PresentRosas-Acevedo and Sampedro-Rosas (2006); Izquierdo Castillo et al. (2011); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCactoblastis cactorum (cactus moth)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCallinectes sapidus (blue crab)PresentNativeLázaro-Chávez et al. (1996); Tavares (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCeratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly)Absent, EradicatedEPPO (2022); Enkerlin et al. (1989); IPPC (2006); SAGARPA (2014); CABI and EPPO (2015); NAPPO (2019); NAPPO (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCherax quadricarinatus (redclaw crayfish)Present, LocalizedIntroducedCortés-Jacinto et al. (2004); Bortolini et al. (2007)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChilo suppressalis (striped rice stem borer)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChionaspis pinifoliae (pine leaf scale)PresentNativeMiller (1996); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomphalus aonidum (circular scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1988); Miller (1996); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomphalus dictyospermi (dictyospermum scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1969); Schotman (1989); Miller (1996); Myartseva and Ruíz-Cancino (2000)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaChrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCirrospilus ingenuusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm)Absent, EradicatedWyss (2000); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCoptotermes gestroi (Asian subterranean termite)PresentIntroducedInvasiveEvans et al. (2013); Ferraz and Mendez-Montiel (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCopturus aguacatae (avocado stem weevil)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCorophium acherusicumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCorythucha ciliata (sycamore lace bug)PresentPalemón-Alberto et al. (2021)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCrocidosema plebejana (cotton tipworm)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCryptotermes brevis (powderpost termite)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveHagen (1858)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCulex quinquefasciatus (southern house mosquito)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveGarcia-Rejon et al. (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaCylas formicarius (sweet potato weevil)PresentUK, CAB International (1970); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDasineura oxycoccana (blueberry gall midge)PresentHernández et al. (2021); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDendroctonus frontalis (southern pine beetle)Present, LocalizedNativeCABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDendroctonus ponderosae (black hills beetle)Present, LocalizedNativeInvasiveWood (1982); CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDendroctonus pseudotsugae (Douglas-fir beetle)Present, LocalizedNativeInvasiveCABI and EPPO (2004); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDendroctonus rufipennis (spruce beetle)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDendroctonus valens (red turpentine beetle)Present, WidespreadNativeCibrian-Tovar et al. (1995); Tovar et al. (1995); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDiabrotica virgifera virgifera (western corn rootworm)PresentNativeKrysan and Smith (1987); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDialeurodes citri (citrus whitefly)Present, LocalizedMound and Halsey (1978); International Institute of Entomology (1996); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDiaphorina citri (Asian citrus psyllid)Present, Few occurrencesCABI/EPPO (2011); NAPPO (2008); Rodríguez-Palomera et al. (2012); López-Collado et al. (2013); Poghosyan et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDiaspidiotus perniciosus (San José scale)PresentBorchsenius (1966); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDigitonthophagus gazellaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDiuraphis noxia (Russian wheat aphid)PresentGilchrist and Rodríguez (1984); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDrosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveNAPPO (2011); Naranjo-Lázaro et al. (2014); Lasa and Tadeo (2015); CABI and EPPO (2016); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDuponchelia fovealis (Southern European marshland pyralid)Present, LocalizedCruz-Esteban and Rojas (2021)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug)PresentUK, CAB International (1972); Gutierrez Ochoa et al. (1993); Ben-Dov (1994); Villatoro-Moreno et al. (2016); Cham et al. (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaDysmicoccus neobrevipes (grey pineapple mealybug)PresentBeardsley (1965); Williams and Granara de Willink (1992); García Morales et al. (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaEchinothrips americanusPresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaEriosoma lanigerum (woolly aphid)PresentUK, CAB International (1975)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaEulachnus rileyi (pine needle aphid)PresentNHM (1974)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaEurylana arcuataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFaxonius virilis (virile crayfish)PresentIntroducedCampos-Gonzales (1985)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFerrisia virgata (striped mealybug)PresentUK, CAB International (1966); Rosen (1981); Ben-Dov (1994); Kaydan and Gullan (2012); Villatoro-Moreno et al. (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaForficula auricularia (European earwig)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedInvasivePavón-Gozalo et al. (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFrankliniella cephalicaPresentRocha et al. (2012); Ortiz et al. (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaFrankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips)PresentNativeNakahara (1997); Ortiz et al. (2020); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGeococcus coffeae (coffee root mealybug)PresentCaballero and Ramos-Portilla (2018); Williams and Granara de Willink (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGlycaspis brimblecombei (red gum lerp psyllid)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveGobierno del Distrito Federal Mexico (2004); Villa Castillo (2005); Romo Lozano et al. (2007); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGrapholita molesta (Oriental fruit moth)Present, Transient under eradicationNAPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGreenidea ficicolaPresentCABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGymnandrosoma aurantianum (citrus fruit borer)PresentAdamski and Brown (2001); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaGynaikothrips ficorum (Cuban laurel thrips)PresentUK, CAB International (1983); Jacot-Guillarmod and Brothers (1986)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHaplaxius crudus (American palm cixiid)Present, LocalizedNativeInvasiveKramer (1979); Howard et al. (1984); Pérez-Hernández et al. (2004); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHarmonia axyridis (harlequin ladybird)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedKoch et al. (2006); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHeilipus lauri (avocado seed weevil)Present, WidespreadEPPO (2022); Castañeda-Vildózola et al. (2009); Castañeda-Vildózola et al. (2013); Castañeda-Vildózola et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHelicoverpa zea (American cotton bollworm)Present, WidespreadEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHeliothrips haemorrhoidalis (black tea thrips)PresentUK, CAB International (1961); Johansen (1976)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHemiberlesia lataniae (latania scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1976); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale (USA))PresentMerrill (1953); Schotman (1989); Miller (1996); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHeteropsylla cubana (leucaena psyllid)PresentUK, CAB International (1988); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHomalodisca vitripennis (glassy winged sharpshooter)Present, LocalizedNativeTriapitsyn and Phillips (2000); CABI and EPPO (2005); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHyphantria cunea (mulberry moth)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer)PresentBaker (1984); Perfecto and Vandermeer (2006); Cristancho et al. (2007); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaHypsipyla grandella (mahogany shoot borer)PresentSampayo-Maldonado et al. (2019); Marín Hernández et al. (2012); Calixto et al. (2015); CABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaIcerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUK, CAB International (1971); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaInsignorthezia insignis (greenhouse orthezia)PresentBen-Dov et al. (1998); Arriola Padilla et al. (2016); Caballero and Ramos-Portilla (2018)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaIps grandicollis (five-spined bark beetle)Present, LocalizedWood (1982); CABI and EPPO (2007); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLeptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle)Present, WidespreadUK, CAB International (1962); Jacques (1988); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLeptocybe invasa (blue gum chalcid)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVanegas-Rico et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLeptoglossus occidentalis (western conifer-seed bug)PresentCABI and EPPO (2018); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLinepithema humile (Argentine ant)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza huidobrensis (serpentine leafminer)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)CABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza sativae (vegetable leaf miner)PresentMedina et al. (2014); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLiriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer)PresentMartinez and Etienne (2002); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLissorhoptrus oryzophilus (rice water weevil)PresentNativeKuschel (1951); CABI/EPPO (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaListroderes costirostris (vegetable weevil)PresentOrdaz-Silva et al. (2020)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaLitopenaeus vannamei (whiteleg shrimp)PresentNativeCABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMaconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedInvasiveMatile-Ferrero et al. (2000); García-Valente et al. (2009); González-Gaona et al. (2010); Isiordia-Aquino et al. (2012); CABI and EPPO (2015); Villatoro-Moreno et al. (2016); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMacrobrachium rosenbergii (giant freshwater prawn)PresentIntroducedNew (2000)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMacrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid)PresentNativeUK, CAB International (1984)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMegastigmus spermotrophus (Douglas-fir seed chalcid)Present, WidespreadNativeCibrian-Tovar et al. (1995); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMeligethes aeneus (rape beetle)Present, LocalizedConnell (1970); Audisio (1993); CABI and EPPO (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMelita nitidaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMesocyclops pehpeiensisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMetcalfa pruinosa (frosted moth-bug)PresentDuzee (1917); Metcalf and Bruner (1948); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMoina macrocopaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMonocorophium acherusicumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMonocorophium insidiosumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMonocorophium uenoiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMonomorium destructor (Singapore ant)PresentIntroducedSánchez Soto (2013)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMononychellus tanajoa (cassava green mite)PresentDoreste S. (1984); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMythimna unipuncta (rice armyworm)PresentNativeUK, CAB International (1967)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaMyzus persicae (green peach aphid)PresentSmith and Cermeli (1979); UK, CAB International (1979)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNeoleucinodes elegantalis (eggplant stem borer)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNezara viridula (green stink bug)Present, WidespreadUK, CAB International (1970); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNipaecoccus nipae (spiked mealybug)PresentCABI and EPPO (2005); Arriola Padilla et al. (2016); Villatoro-Moreno et al. (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaNipaecoccus viridis (spherical mealybug)PresentCABI and EPPO (2005); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaOryzaephilus surinamensis (saw toothed grain beetle)PresentChamp and Dyte (1976)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParacerceis sculptaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParacoccus marginatus (papaya mealybug)PresentNativeWilliams and Granara de Willink (1992); Miller et al. (1999); Pollard (1999); CABI/EPPO (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParaleyrodes mineiPresentCABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParapleustes derzhaviniPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParatrechina fulvaPresentArcila et al. (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParatrechina longicornis (crazy ant)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaParthenolecanium persicae (peach scale)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm)PresentSchiller et al. (1962); Chapman and Coffin (1964); Zhang (1994); Beasley and Adams (1995); Wang et al. (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPenaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn)PresentIntroducedDIAS (2007)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPheidole megacephala (big-headed ant)PresentIntroducedInvasiveKempf (1972)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug)PresentIntroducedInvasiveWilliams and Granara de Willink (1992); Granara de Willink and Szumik (2007); Hodges et al. (2008); Kondo et al. (2008); CABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhoracantha recurva (eucalyptus longhorned borer)PresentEPPO (2022); Cortés-Aguilar et al. (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhoracantha semipunctata (eucalyptus longhorned borer)Absent, Unconfirmed presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth)PresentCABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPhyllocnistis citrella (citrus leaf miner)PresentUK, CAB International (1986); Legaspi et al. (2001); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPieris rapae (cabbage white butterfly)PresentUK, CAB International (1952)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPlanococcus citri (citrus mealybug)PresentCABI and EPPO (1999); Arriola Padilla et al. (2016); Cham et al. (2019); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPlutella xylostella (diamondback moth)PresentUK, CAB International (1967)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPolyphagotarsonemus latus (broad mite)PresentLugo-Sánchez et al. (2019); Sabino-López et al. (2021)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaProcambarus clarkii (red swamp crayfish)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaProstephanus truncatus (larger grain borer)PresentNativeInvasiveHodges (1986); UK, CAB International (1995); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudacysta perseaePresentCABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudococcus elisae (banana mealybug)PresentTokihiro (2006); Williams and Granara de Willink (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudococcus viburni (obscure mealybug)PresentGimpel and Miller (1996); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaPseudodiaptomus marinusPresentIntroducedInvasiveJimenez-Perez and Castro-Longoria (2006)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRaoiella indica (red palm mite)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveEstrada-Venegas et al. (2010); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhagoletis cingulata (cherry fruit fly)Present, LocalizedCABI and EPPO (2015); Foote (1981); Rull et al. (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhagoletis completa (walnut husk fly)Present, LocalizedFoote (1981); Rull et al. (2012); Rull et al. (2013); CABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhagoletis pomonella (apple maggot)PresentNativeRull et al. (2006); Berlocher and McPheron (1996); Muñiz-Reyes et al. (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhithropanopeus harrisii (Harris mud crab)Present, LocalizedNativeWilliams (1984)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhynchophorus palmarum (South American palm weevil)Present, LocalizedWattanapongsiri (1966); García-Hernández et al. (2003); Landero-Torres et al. (2015); Murguía-González et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaRhyzopertha dominica (lesser grain borer)PresentCorral et al. (1992); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSaissetia oleae (olive scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1952); Ben-Dov (1993)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSchistocerca nitens (gray bird grasshopper)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated); Salas-Araiza et al. (2003); Song (2004); Garcia-Gutierrez et al. (2006)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaScirtothrips dorsalis (chilli thrips)PresentOrtiz et al. (2020); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaScirtothrips perseae (avocado thrips)PresentNativeCABI and EPPO (2010); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaScolytus schevyrewi (banded elm bark beetle)PresentCampos-Bolaños et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaScyphophorus acupunctatus (agave weevil)PresentCustodio P. (1944); Vaurie (1971); O'Brien and Wibmer (1982); Ramírez Choza (1984); Camino Lavin et al. (2002); Aquino Bolaños et al. (2014); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSepedomerus macropus (liverfluke snail predator fly)PresentNeff and Berg (1966)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSiphonatrophia cupressiPresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSiphoninus phillyreae (ash whitefly)PresentNHM (1992); Myartseva (2006); Myartseva and Lázaro-Castellanos (2011); CABI/EPPO (2013)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSitophilus granarius (grain weevil)PresentNHM (undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSitophilus zeamais (greater grain weevil)PresentChamp and Dyte (1976)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSitotroga cerealella (grain moth)PresentTigar et al. (1994)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSolenopsis geminata (tropical fire ant)PresentNativeRisch and Carroll (1982); Carroll and Risch (1984); Castillo-Guevara and Rico-Gray (2002); ISSG (2009); Gotzek et al. (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSolenopsis invicta (red imported fire ant)PresentSánchez-Peña et al. (2005); CABI and EPPO (2010); Salas-Araiza et al. (2012); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSphaeroma quoyanumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSphaeroma walkeriPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSpodoptera eridania (southern armyworm)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2006)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaSpodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)Present, WidespreadSifuentes A. (1978); Molina-Ochoa et al. (2001); Molina-Ochoa et al. (2003); Molina-Ochoa et al. (2004); Gurrola-Pérez et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTakecallis taiwanusPresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTapinoma melanocephalum (ghost ant)PresentIntroducedWetterer (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTecia solanivora (potato tuber moth)PresentCruz Roblero et al. (2011); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite)PresentInternational Institute of Entomology (1996)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaThaumastocoris peregrinus (bronze bug)PresentJiménez-Quiroz et al. (2016); Jiménez-Quiroz et al. (2016); CABI and EPPO (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaThrips palmi (melon thrips)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaToumeyella parvicornis (pine tortoise scale)PresentKondo and Pellizzari (2011); Myartseva and Ruíz-Cancino (2000); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaToxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid)PresentCABI and EPPO (1998); Michaud and Alvarez (2000); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTrialeurodes vaporariorum (whitefly, greenhouse)PresentLopez and Botto (1995); Méndez-Lozano et al. (2012); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTrogoderma granarium (khapra beetle)Absent, Formerly presentEPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaTropilaelapsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaUnaspis citri (citrus snow scale)PresentUK, CAB International (1962); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaUroleucon erigeronensePresentNieto Nafría et al. (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaUroleucon pseudambrosiaePresentNieto Nafría et al. (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaVarroa destructor (Varroa mite)Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); Medina Medina et al. (2002); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaVespula pensylvanica (western yellowjacket)PresentBohart and Bechtel (1957); Miller (1961); Akre et al. (1980)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaVespula vulgaris (wasp, common)PresentNativeInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaViteus vitifoliae (grapevine phylloxera)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaWahlgreniella nervataPresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaWasmannia auropunctata (little fire ant)PresentNativeISSG (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXyleborinus saxesenii (fruit-tree pinhole borer)PresentIntroducedInvasiveWood and Bright (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXyleborus volvulusPresentNativeWood and Bright (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaArthropodaXylosandrus morigerus (brown twig beetle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveWood and Bright (1992); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaBryozoaBugula flabellataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaBryozoaBugula neritina (brown bryozoan)PresentIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaBryozoaSchizoporella unicornisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAcanthogobius flavimanusPresentIntroducedLever (1996)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAmatitlania nigrofasciata (convict cichlid)PresentIntroducedFroese R and Pauly D (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAmbloplites rupestris (rock bass)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAmeiurus melas (black bullhead)PresentNativeFroese and Pauly (2004); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAmeiurus natalisPresent, LocalizedIntroducedFAO (1997); Miller et al. (2005); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAmmotragus lervia (aoudad)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAnolis sagrei (brown anole)PresentIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataAristichthys nobilis (bighead carp)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); FishBase (2004); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBelonesox belizanus (pike killifish)Present, WidespreadNativeMiller et al. (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBoa imperator (Central American Boa)Present, LocalizedNativeInvasiveLópez-González (1991); Martínez-Morales and Cuarón (1999); Hynková et al. (2009); Card et al. (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBos bison (American bison)Present, LocalizedNativeList et al. (2007)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBos taurus (cattle)PresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBostrichobranchus pilularisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBranta canadensis (Canada goose)Present, LocalizedNativeMowbray et al. (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBranta hutchinsiiPresent, LocalizedNativeAbraham (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataBubulcus ibis (cattle egret)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCanis latrans (Coyote)PresentNativeGese et al. (2008)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCanis lupus familiaris (dogs)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCapra hircus (goats)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCarassius auratus auratus (goldfish)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCarpodacus mexicanus (house finch)PresentNativeInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCastor canadensis (beaver)PresentNativeInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCervus canadensis (wapiti)Absent, Formerly presentCarrera and Ballard (2003); Long (2003); IUCN (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCervus elaphus (red deer)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedGallina and Escobedo-Morales (2009); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataChrysemys picta (painted turtle)PresentNativeVan Dijk (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCichlasoma urophthalmum (Mayan cichlid)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataColumba livia (pigeons)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCtenopharyngodon idella (grass carp)PresentIntroducedShireman and Smith (1983); FAO (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCtenosaura similis (black spiny-tailed iguana)PresentNativeKöhler (2003); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCyprinella lutrensis (red shiner)PresentNativeContreras-Balderas and Escalante-C (1984)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataCyprinus carpio (common carp)PresentIntroducedInvasiveWelcomme (1988); Seebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2021)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataDidelphis marsupialis (common opossum)Present, LocalizedNativeIUCN (2015)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataEleutherodactylus planirostris (greenhouse frog)PresentIntroducedSchwartz (1974); Cedeño-Vázquez et al. (2014); García-Balderas et al. (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataEquus asinus (donkeys)PresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataEquus caballus [ISC] (horse)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataEquus ferusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataFelis catus (cat)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataGambusia affinis (western mosquitofish)PresentNativeCABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataGambusia holbrooki (eastern mosquitofish)PresentIntroducedInvasiveFroese and Pauly (2008); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataGila orcuttiiPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); CABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHemidactylus frenatus (common house gecko)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveTaylor (1940)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHerichthys cyanoguttatus (Rio Grande cichlid)Present, WidespreadNativePage and Burr (1991); Kullander (2003); Froese R and Pauly D (2015)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataHypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp)PresentIntroducedFroese and Pauly (2004); FishBase (2005); Seebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataIctalurus furcatus (blue catfish)PresentNativeFroese and Pauly (2004); Contreras and Escalante (1984)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataIctalurus punctatus (channel catfish)PresentLyons et al. (1998); Zambrano and Macias-Garcia (2000); Froese and Pauly (2004); Seebens et al. (2017); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataIguana iguana (iguana)PresentNativeLeenders (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataLampropeltis californiae (California kingsnake)PresentNativeUetz et al. (2019); Bartz (2012); California Herps (2014); Frick et al. (2016); Verzelen et al. (2017); Nafis (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataLepomis cyanellus (green sunfish)PresentNativeNatureServe (2013); USGS (2013)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataLepomis macrochirus (bluegill)PresentNativeContreras and Escalante (1984)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMicropterus dolomieu (smallmouth bass)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMicropterus salmoides (largemouth bass)PresentIntroducedInvasivePérez-Ponce de León et al. (2000); Froese and Pauly (2004); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMisgurnus anguillicaudatus (oriental weatherloach)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMolothrus ater (brown-headed cowbird)PresentInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMolothrus bonariensis (shiny cowbird)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMus musculus (house mouse)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMyiopsitta monachus (monk parakeet)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataMylopharyngodon piceus (black amur)PresentNativeInstituto Nacional de la Pesca (1994)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataNotropis stramineusPresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOdocoileus hemionus (black-tailed deer)Present, LocalizedNativeFeldhamer et al. (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)PresentNativeCruz-Agüero (1999); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOncorhynchus tshawytscha (chinook salmon)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOndatra zibethicus (muskrat)Present, LocalizedNativeLong (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOphisternon aenigmaticum (obscure swamp eel)PresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis aureus (blue tilapia)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Lyons et al. (1998)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia)PresentIntroducedPullin et al. (1997); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); FAO (1997); Pullin et al. (1997); Pérez-Ponce de León et al. (2000); Froese and Pauly (2004); Bartley (2006)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOvis aries (sheep)PresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataOxyura jamaicensis (ruddy duck)Present, LocalizedNativeJohnsgard and Carbonell (1996)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPagrus aurataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPasser domesticus (house sparrow)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPeromyscus fraterculus (Northern Baja deermouse)PresentNativeAlvarez-Castaneda et al. (2010); Musser and Carleton (2005); Alvarez-Castaneda et al. (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPerophora japonicaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPetromyzon marinus (sea lamprey)PresentNativePage and Burr (1991)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPhasianus colchicus (common pheasant)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Lever (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPimephales promelas (fathead minnow)PresentNativeFroese and Pauly (2004); USGS (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPoecilia latipinna (sailfin molly)Present, WidespreadNativePage and Burr (1991)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPoecilia reticulata (guppy)PresentIntroducedFroese and Pauly (2007); Welcomme (1988)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPomoxis annularis (white crappie)PresentIntroducedWelcomme (1988); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPomoxis nigromaculatus (black crappie)PresentIntroducedUSGS NAS (2016)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataProcyon lotor (raccoon)Present, LocalizedNativeGehrt (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPterois volitans (lionfish)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Schofield (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPterygoplichthys anisitsi (southern sailfin catfish)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPterygoplichthys disjunctivus (vermiculated sailfin catfish)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPterygoplichthys multiradiatus (Orinoco sailfin catfish)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPterygoplichthys pardalis (Amazon sailfin catfish)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPuntius titteyaPresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataPylodictis olivaris (flathead catfish)PresentNativeFroese and Pauly (2004); Page and Burr (1991)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRachycentron canadum (cobia)PresentNativeDiario Oficial (2011); IUCN (2017); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRana catesbeiana (American bullfrog)Present, WidespreadNativeKellog (1932); Smith and Taylor (1948); Flores Nava (2005); Mexico, CONABIO (2008); Kraus (2009); Santos-Barrera et al. (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRattus norvegicus (brown rat)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRattus rattus (black rat)Present, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataRhinella marina (cane toad)PresentNativeInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSalvelinus fontinalis (brook trout)PresentIntroducedFroese and Pauly (2004); Froese and Pauly (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSciaenops ocellatus (red drum)PresentNativeInstituto Nacional de la Pesca (1994); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSciurus aberti (Abert's squirrel)PresentNativeAllred (2010)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSciurus niger (fox squirrel)Present, LocalizedNativeKoprowski (1994)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataStreptopelia decaocto (Eurasian collared-dove)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); BirdLife International (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSturnus vulgaris (common starling)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Natureserve (2012)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataSus scrofa [ISC] (feral pig)PresentIntroducedInvasiveZavaleta (2002); Long (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataThorichthys elliotiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataThorichthys meeki (firemouth cichlid)Present, WidespreadNativePage and Burr (1991); Conkel (1993); Artigas Azas (2011); Froese R and Pauly D (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataTilapia zillii (redbelly tilapia)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Welcomme (1988); Froese and Pauly (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataTrachemys scripta elegans (red-eared slider)PresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataTyto alba (Barn owl)Present, WidespreadNativeBruce (1999)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataVulpes vulpes (red fox)PresentIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataXenopus laevis (African clawed frog)PresentIntroducedInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataXiphophorus helleriiPresent, WidespreadNativePage and Burr (1991); Froese and Pauly (2007)
EukaryotaMetazoaChordataXiphophorus maculatus (southern platyfish)Present, WidespreadNativePage and Burr (1991)
EukaryotaMetazoaCnidariaCordylophora caspia (freshwater hydroid)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaCnidariaObelia dichotomaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaCnidariaPhyllorhiza punctata (Australian spotted jellyfish)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaCnidariaTubastraea coccinea (orange-cup coral)PresentInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaArcuatula senhousia (Asian date mussel)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Cohen (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaCorbicula fluminea (Asian clam)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaCornu aspersum (common garden snail)PresentIntroducedReichling (1950); Godan (1983)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaCrassostrea virginica (eastern oyster)PresentIntroducedKennedy et al. (1996); Marcet et al. (1992)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaCrepidula fornicata (American slipper limpet)Present, LocalizedIntroducedWalne (1956)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaDeroceras invadens (tramp slug)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHutchinson et al. (2014)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaDeroceras laeve (meadow slug)Present, Few occurrencesNativeWhite-McLean and Redford (2011)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaDreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveMinchin et al. (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaLimax maximus (leopard slug)PresentIntroducedBaker (1930)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMagallana gigas (Pacific oyster)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Haro et al. (1981); Baquiero (1997)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMyosotella myosotis (marsh snail)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMytilopsis sallei (Caribbean false mussel)PresentIntroducedMarelli and Berrend (1978); Salgado-Barragan and Toledano-Granados (2006)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaMytilus galloprovincialis (Mediterranean mussel)PresentIntroducedDIAS (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaPetricolaria pholadiformis (false angel wing)PresentNativeHill et al. (2005)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaPinctada imbricata radiata (rayed pearl oyster)PresentNativeLeal (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaMolluscaPomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail)PresentIntroducedCampos et al. (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaAphelenchoides besseyi (rice leaf nematode)PresentPreciado Castillo (1953); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaAphelenchoides fragariae (strawberry crimp nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (2002); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaAphelenchoides ritzemabosi (Chrysanthemum foliar eelworm)Present, WidespreadCABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaBelonolaimus longicaudatus (sting nematode)PresentSmart and Nguyen (1991); CABI and EPPO (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaBursaphelenchus xylophilus (pine wilt nematode)PresentNativeDwinell (1993); CABI and EPPO (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaDitylenchus destructor (potato tuber nematode)Present, LocalizedCABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaDitylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode)Present, WidespreadPacheco Covarrubias (1986); CABI and EPPO (2009); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera pallida (white potato cyst nematode)Absent, Invalid presence record(s)EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode)Present, LocalizedIverson (1972); Desgarennes et al. (2009); CABI/EPPO (2011); Oro et al. (2014); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaGlobodera tabacum (tobacco cyst nematode)PresentBecerra and Sosa-Moss (1976); CABI and EPPO (2004)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaHelicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode)PresentWEHUNT and EDWARDS (1968); CABI and EPPO (2003)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (2003); Martínez-Gallardo et al. (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne chitwoodi (columbia root-knot nematode)PresentCABI/EPPO (2012); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne enterolobii (Pacara earpod tree root-knot nematode)PresentVillar-Luna et al. (2016); Ramírez-Suárez et al. (2014); Martínez Gallardo et al. (2015); Ramirez-Suarez et al. (2016); Martínez-Gallardo et al. (2019); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne hapla (root knot nematode)PresentCABI and EPPO (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode)Present, WidespreadSosa Moss (1985); CABI and EPPO (2002); Martínez Gallardo et al. (2014); Martínez-Gallardo et al. (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaMeloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm)PresentSosa Moss (1985); CABI and EPPO (2002)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaPratylenchus coffeae (banana root nematode)Present, LocalizedKnobloch and Laughlin (1973); CABI and EPPO (2000); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaRadopholus similis (burrowing nematode)PresentTABOADA and CABALLERO (1968); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaRhadinaphelenchus cocophilus (red ring nematode)Present, WidespreadAlcocer (1955); Noriega C. et al. (1991); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaTrichinellaAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaNematodaTylenchulus semipenetrans (citrus root nematode)Present, WidespreadGonzales Herrera (1970); CABI and EPPO (1999); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesBothriocephalus acheilognathiPresent, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveLópez-Jiménez (1981)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesEchinococcusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesEchinococcus granulosusAbsentOIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesEchinococcus multilocularisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesGyrodactylus salarisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaPlatyhelminthesTaenia soliumAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaMetazoaPoriferaMycale grandis (orange keyhole sponge)PresentIntroducedInvasiveInvasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) (2011)
EukaryotaPlanctomycetes [kingdom]Chlamydophila abortusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaPlanctomycetes [kingdom]Chlamydophila psittaciAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeChlorophytaCaulerpa taxifolia (killer algae)PresentGuiry and Guiry (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeChlorophytaUlva fasciataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeChlorophytaUlva pertusaPresentAguilar-Rosas et al. (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaePhaeophytaSargassum muticum (wire weed)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveEspinoza (1990)
EukaryotaPlantaePhaeophytaUndaria pinnatifida (Asian kelp)PresentIntroducedAguilar-Rosas et al. (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAdiantum raddianum (delta maidenhair fern)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAngiopteris evecta (king fern)PresentIntroducedChristenhusz and Toivonen (2008); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaAzolla filiculoides (water fern)PresentNativeSvenson (1944); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaBlechnum appendiculatum (palm fern)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); Missouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaCeratopteris thalictroides (watersprite)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaChristella dentata (soft fern)Present, LocalizedIntroducedGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaMacrothelypteris torresiana (swordfern)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017); Missouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaNephrolepis brownii (Asian swordfern)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteridium aquilinum (bracken)PresentNativeCrane (1990); Seebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaPteris vittata (Chinese ladder brake fern)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2019); Smithsonian Museum of Natural History (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaSalvinia auriculata (giant salvinia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaSalvinia minimaPresentGBIF (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaePteridophytaSalvinia molesta (kariba weed)PresentInvasiveMora-Olivo and Yatskievych (2009); GBIF (2010); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeRhodophytaAcanthophora spiciferaPresentNativeTaylor (1960)
EukaryotaPlantaeRhodophytaGrateloupia turuturuPresent, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveAguilar-Rosas et al. (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeRhodophytaKappaphycusPresentIntroducedMuñoz et al. (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbelmoschus esculentus (okra)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbelmoschus moschatus (musk mallow)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedFryxell (1988)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbronia fragransPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbrus precatorius (rosary pea)PresentIntroducedPIER (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbutilon hirtum (Indian mallow)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015); Fryxell (1988); Achigan-Dako (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAbutilon indicum (country mallow)PresentIntroducedAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia angustissima (prairie acacia)Present, WidespreadNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia crassicarpa (northern wattle)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia decurrens (green wattle)Present, PlantedIntroducedCSIRO (2000)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia farnesiana (huisache)PresentNativeInvasiveHolm et al. (1991); ILDIS (2002); Martínez-Sánchez et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia glauca (wild dividivi)PresentNativeGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia longifolia (golden wattle)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia mangium (brown salwood)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedFlora Mesoamericana (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcacia saligna (coojong)PresentIntroducedDuke (1983); Dommergues et al. (1999); ISSG (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcanthocereus tetragonusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcanthospermum australe (spiny-bur)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAcer negundo (box elder)PresentNativeRosario (1988)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAchillea millefolium (yarrow)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAchyranthes aspera (devil's horsewhip)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAdonidia merrillii (Christmas palm)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedMexico, CONABIO (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAegilops cylindricaPresent, LocalizedIntroducedInvasiveSAGAR (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAeschynomene americana (shyleaf)PresentNativeILDIS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgave americana (century plant)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgave fourcroydes (henequen)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgave sisalana (sisal hemp)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgave vivipara (Caribbean agave)PresentNativeGarcía-Mendoza and Chiang (2003); Figueroa-Castro et al. (2016); Figueroa-Castro et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgdestis clematidea (rockroot)PresentNativeOviedo Prieto et al. (2012); Govaerts (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratina adenophora (Croftonweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2004); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratina riparia (mistflower)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratum conyzoides (billy goat weed)Present, WidespreadNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); JOHNSON (1971)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgeratum houstonianum (Blue billygoatweed)Present, WidespreadNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAgrostis avenacea (Pacific bent grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAilanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAira caryophyllea (silver hairgrass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlbizia adinocephala (cream albizia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016); ILDIS (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlbizia lebbeck (Indian siris)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedCABI (Undated); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlbizia niopoides (silk tree)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAleurites moluccanus (candlenut tree)PresentIntroducedPérez et al. (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAllamanda cathartica (yellow allamanda)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAllium neapolitanum (False onion weed)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAloe vera (true aloe)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCONABIO (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlopecurus myosuroides (black-grass)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAloysia citrodora (lemon verbena)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlpinia purpurata (red ginger)PresentIntroducedGarcía-Mendoza and Meave Castillo (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera caracasanaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera halimifolia (hairy joyweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed)Present, WidespreadIntroducedHolm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera pungens (Khaki weed)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlternanthera sessilis (sessile joyweed)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAlysicarpus vaginalis (alyce clover)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus acutilobusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus cruentus (red amaranth)PresentNativeHernández Bermejo and León (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus dubius (spleen amaranth)PresentNativeSánchez-del Pino et al. (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus hybridus (smooth pigweed)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus palmeri (Palmer amaranth)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991); Alvarez-Ruiz et al. (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991); Davidse et al. (2015); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmbrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed)PresentIntroducedAllard (1943); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmbrosia confertifloraPresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmbrosia peruviana (Peruvian ragweed)PresentNativeFlora Mesoamericana (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmbrosia psilostachya (perennial ragweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2003); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmbrosia trifida (giant ragweed)PresentStrother (2006); USDA-ARS (2016); USDA-NRCS (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmorpha fruticosa (false indigo-bush)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmpelopsis arborea (peppervine)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmphiachyris dracunculoidesPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAmsinckia intermediaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnagallis arvensis (scarlet pimpernel)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAndropogon glomeratus (bushy bluestem)PresentNativeInvasiveGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAndropogon virginicus (broomsedge)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnethum graveolens (dill)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona cherimola (cherimoya)PresentAgustín (1999); Morton (1987); Randall (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona glabra (pond apple)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona muricata (soursop)PresentNativeAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012); Flora Mesoamericana (2014); Cham et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona reticulata (bullock's heart)PresentIntroducedMorton (1987); Acevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012); Ruiz-Montiel et al. (2013); Flora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnnona squamosa (sugar apple)Present, PlantedIntroducedUSA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009); Hanelt et al. (2001); Flora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAnredera cordifolia (Madeira vine)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013); Missouri Botanical Garden (2008); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAntigonon leptopus (coral vine)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaApodanthera asperaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAralia racemosaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArceuthobium abietinum (fir dwarf mistletoe)Present, Few occurrencesNativeInvasiveHawksworth and Wiens (1996); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArceuthobium campylopodum (western dwarf misletoe)Present, LocalizedNativeInvasiveHawksworth and Wiens (1996); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArceuthobium douglasii (Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe)Present, LocalizedNativeInvasiveHawksworth and Wiens (1996); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArceuthobium vaginatum (southwestern dwarf mistletoe)Present, WidespreadNativeInvasiveHawksworth and Wiens (1996); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArgemone mexicana (Mexican poppy)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1979); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArgemone ochroleuca (pale Mexican pricklypoppy)Present, WidespreadNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristida ternipes (spidergrass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristolochia elegans (elegant Dutchman’s pipe)PresentIntroducedAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012); Flora Mesoamericana (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAristolochia ringens (Dutchman’s pipe)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArrhenatherum elatius (false oat-grass)PresentIntroducedWeed Futures (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArthraxon hispidus (small carpetgrass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-NRCS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArthraxon quartinianusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArtocarpus altilis (breadfruit)Present, PlantedOrwa et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArtocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit)PresentHernandez-Morales et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaArundo donax (giant reed)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2007); Villaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsclepias curassavica (bloodflower)PresentIntroducedInvasiveStandley and Williams (1969); Holm et al. (1997); USDA-ARS (2013); Martínez-Sánchez et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsparagus asparagoides (bridal creeper)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2010); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsparagus falcatus (sicklethorn)PresentIntroducedAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsparagus setaceus (asparagus fern)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAsphodelus tenuifolius (onionweed)PresentHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAster lanceolatus (Narrow-leaved michaelmas daisy)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAtriplex semibaccata (Australian saltbush)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAtriplex suberecta (peregrine saltbush)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAvena fatua (wild oat)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979); Hafliger and Scholz (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAvena sterilis (winter wild oat)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAverrhoa bilimbi (bilimbi)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAxonopus compressus (carpet grass)Present, WidespreadManidool (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAxonopus fissifoliusPresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaAzadirachta indica (neem tree)Present, PlantedIntroducedWorld Agroforestry Centre (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBaccharis halimifolia (groundsel-bush)Present, LocalizedUSDA-NRCS (2001); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBacopa monnieri (water hyssop)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBambusa tuldoides (punting pole bamboo)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBambusa vulgaris (common bamboo)PresentIntroducedJudziewicz et al. (2000)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBasella alba (malabar spinach)PresentIntroducedZipcodeZoo (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBatis maritima (saltwort)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBauhinia monandra (Napoleon's plume)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBauhinia purpurea (purple bauhinia)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBauhinia variegata (mountain ebony)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBegonia nelumbiifolia (lilypad begonia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016); Hoover (1976)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBidens aureaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBidens frondosa (beggarticks)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBidens pilosa (blackjack)PresentNativeVibrans (2018); Holm et al. (1979); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBixa orellana (annatto)PresentNativeOrwa et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBocconia frutescens (plume poppy)Present, WidespreadNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBoerhavia coccinea (scarlet spiderling)PresentNativeStruwig and Siebert (2013); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBoerhavia diffusa (red spiderling)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBorreria latifolia (broadleaf buttonweed)Present, LocalizedHolm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBothriochloa bladhii (Caucasian bluestem)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBothriochloa ischaemum (yellow bluestem)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBothriochloa pertusa (pitted beard grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBothriochloa saccharoidesPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBougainvillea spectabilis (great bougainvillea)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica juncea (mustard)PresentIntroducedDuke (1983); Missouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica nigra (black mustard)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica rapa (field mustard)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasivePIER (2018); Vibrans (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica rapa subsp. oleifera (turnip rape)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrassica tournefortii (African mustard)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBreynia disticha (snowbush)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedSteinmann (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromelia pinguin (wild pineapple)PresentNativeAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012); USDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus diandrus (great brome)PresentMejía-Saulés et al. (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus hordeaceus (soft brome)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus japonicus (Japanese brome)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus madritensis (compact brome)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated);
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus rigidus (ripgut brome)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated);
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus rubens (red brome)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHitchcock (1944); Gibbs Russel et al. (1955); Holmgren and Holmgren (1977); Tselev (1984); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus secalinus (rye brome)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2016); eMonocot (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBromus tectorum (downy brome)PresentIntroducedInvasiveWiggins (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrugmansia candida (angel's trumpet)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBrugmansia suaveolens (white angel's trumpet)PresentIntroducedRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBuddleja davidii (butterfly bush)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2009); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaBuddleja madagascariensis (smokebush)PresentIntroducedNorman (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCabomba caroliniana (Carolina fanwort)PresentGBIF (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCaesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower)PresentNativeILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCaesalpinia violacea (brasiletto)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalceolaria chelidonioidesPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalceolaria tripartitaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalliandra houstoniana (calliandra)PresentNativeWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalliandra houstoniana var. calothyrsus (calliandra)PresentNativeILDIS (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCallisia fragrans (basketplant)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCallisia repens (creeping inch-plant)PresentNativeGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalopogonium caeruleum (jicama)PresentNativeILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalopogonium mucunoides (calopo)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCalotropis procera (apple of sodom)Present, PlantedIntroducedInvasiveWorld Agroforestry Centre (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCamelina sativaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCampanula rotundifoliaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCananga odorata (ylang-ylang)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedFlora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanavalia ensiformis (jack bean)PresentNativeSauer (1964); Acevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanavalia gladiata (sword bean)PresentIntroducedPOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanna indica (canna lilly)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCanna x generalis (canna lily)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCapsicum annuum (bell pepper)PresentFAO (2009); Velásquez-Valle (2001); Cardenas-Conejo et al. (2010); Reveles Torres et al. (2012); González Franco et al. (2014); USDA-ARS (2014); Albañil Juárez et al. (2015); Martínez-Sánchez et al. (2016); Swisher et al. (2016); Villar-Luna et al. (2016); Mauricio-Castillo et al. (2017); Pérez-Acevedo et al. (2017); Swisher et al. (2017); Sabino-López et al. (2021)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCardamine flexuosa (wavy bittercress)PresentIntroducedISSG (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine)PresentEPPO (2022); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCarludovica palmata (Panama hat plant)PresentIUCN (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCarpobrotus chilensis (sea fig)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCarpobrotus edulis (hottentot fig)PresentIntroducedGISP (2008); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCascabela thevetia (yellow oleander)PresentNativeGovaerts (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassia fistula (Indian laburnum)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2014); ILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassia grandis (pink shower)PresentNativeJanick and Paull (2008); Acevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCassia javanica (pink shower)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCastilla elastica (Mexican rubber tree)Present, WidespreadNativeUSDA-ARS (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina cunninghamiana (Australian beefwood)PresentIntroducedWorld Agroforestry Centre (2002); Equihua Martínez et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCasuarina equisetifolia (casuarina)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCatharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2015); Alvarez-Rodriguez et al. (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCecropia peltata (trumpet tree)PresentNativeUSDA-NRCS (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCedrela odorata (Spanish cedar)Present, LocalizedNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveArriaga et al. (2004); Clayton et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCenchrus echinatus (southern sandbur)PresentMoreno-Casasola (1988); Hall and Vandiver (1991); Holm et al. (1991); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCenchrus longispinus (Spiny burrgrass)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCenchrus spinifexPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentaurea melitensis (Maltese starthistle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveMexico, CONABIO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCentella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort)PresentGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCeratophyllum demersum (coontail)PresentUK, Kew Herbarium (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCestrum aurantiacum (orange cestrum)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCestrum diurnum (day jessamine)PresentIntroducedMartínez et al. (2001)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCestrum elegans (purple cestrum)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCestrum nocturnum (night jessamine)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChamaecrista nictitans (sensitive partridge pea)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChamaedorea elegans (parlour palm)PresentNativeGovaerts et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChasmanthium latifoliumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChenopodium album (fat hen)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChenopodium berlandieriPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChenopodium murale (nettleleaf goosefoot)Present, WidespreadAnaya et al. (1987); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris barbata (purpletop chloris)PresentHafliger and Scholz (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris gayana (Rhodes grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCerros-Tlatilpa et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris radiataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChloris virgata (feather finger grass)PresentNativeVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (1998)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChromolaena odorata (Siam weed)PresentNativeGautier (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaChrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCinnamomum verum (cinnamon)PresentIntroducedUSA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCirsium arvense (creeping thistle)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCirsium mexicanum (Mexican thistle)PresentNativePruski (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCissus verticillata (possum grape vine)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCitharexylum ellipticum (anacahuita)PresentNativeGovaerts (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCitrus aurantiifolia (lime)PresentFAO (2013); Hernández-Montiel and Ochoa (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCitrus aurantium (sour orange)PresentFAO (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClarkia purpureaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCleome rutidosperma (fringed spiderflower)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCleome viscosa (Asian spiderflower)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedTucker and Vanderpool (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum bungei (rose glorybower)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum chinense (Chinese glory bower)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum speciosissimum (Java glory bower)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClerodendrum thomsoniae (bleeding glory bower)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClidemia hirta (Koster's curse)PresentNativeWester and Wood (1977); Missouri Botanical Garden (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClitoria ternatea (butterfly-pea)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaClusia roseaPresentNativeRiffle (1998); USDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCocos nucifera (coconut)PresentIntroducedGovaerts et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCoix lacryma-jobi (Job's-tears)PresentIntroducedInvasiveMexico, CONABIO (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaColocasia esculenta (taro)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaColubrina asiatica (latherleaf)PresentIntroducedISSG (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCommelina coelestisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCommelina diffusa (spreading dayflower)PresentCiba Geigy (1982)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConium maculatum (poison hemlock)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConvolvulus arvensis (bindweed)Present, LocalizedMartínez-Sánchez et al. (2016); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza canadensis (Canadian fleabane)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1979); USDA-ARS (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaConyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCordia alliodora (Ecuador laurel)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCordia obliqua (clammy cherry)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCornus sericea (redosier dogwood)Present, LocalizedNativeUSDA-NRCS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCortaderia selloana (pampas grass)PresentIntroducedMexico, CONABIO (2009); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCosmos caudatus (wild cosmos)PresentNativeAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012); Melchert (1990)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCostus spicatus (spiked spiralflag ginger)PresentCruz and Dirzo (1987)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCotula coronopifolia (brassbuttons)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrocosmia x crocosmiiflora (montbretia)PresentIntroducedGovaerts and Barker (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria maypurensis (rattlebox weed)PresentNativeAvendaño (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria retusa (rattleweed)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrotalaria spectabilis (showy rattlepod)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCroton argenteus (silver July croton)PresentNativeGovaerts (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrypsis schoenoides (swamp pricklegrass)PresentIntroducedeMonocot (2015); GBIF (2015); Missouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCrypsis vaginiflora (African pricklegrass)PresentIntroducedRandall (2012); eMonocot (2015); GBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCryptostegia grandiflora (rubber vine)PresentIntroducedInvasiveMissouri Botanical Garden (2003); Davidse et al. (2012); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCryptostegia madagascariensis (Madagascar rubbervine)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCucumis anguria (West Indian gherkin)PresentIntroducedUSDA-NRCS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCucurbita foetidissimaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuphea carthagenensis (Colombian waxweed)PresentIntroducedMatuda (1950); Missouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuphea hyssopifolia (false heather)PresentNativeFlora, Mesoamericana (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuphea igneaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuphea lanceolataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCupressus arizonica (Arizona cypress)PresentNativeSullivan (1993); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean cypress)PresentIntroducedBreedlove (1986)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCuscuta campestris (field dodder)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyanthillium cinereum (little ironweed)PresentIntroducedVibrans (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyathula prostrata (pasture weed)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyclanthera pedataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCylindropuntia imbricata (imbricate prickly pear)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCylindropuntia rosea (hudson pear)Present, WidespreadNativeWalters et al. (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCymbopogon citratus (lemongrass)PresentIntroducedSánchez-Ken et al. (2012); Berlin et al. (1974)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCymbopogon nardus (citronella grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedeMonocot (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynara cardunculus (cardoon)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2016); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979); Ordaz-González et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynodon nlemfuensis (African Bermuda-grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCynodon plectostachyus (African stargrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus aggregatusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus imbricatus (shingle flatsedge)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus meyenianus (Meyen's flatsedge)PresentSchwirkowski (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus odoratusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus papyrus (papyrus)PresentIntroducedInvasiveBonilla-Barbosa (2013); GBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaCyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVibrans (2009); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVibrans (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDahlia imperialis (bell tree dahlia)PresentNativeWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDalea scandens (low prairie clover)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura ferox (fierce thornapple)PresentNativeGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura innoxia (downy thorn apple)PresentNativeUSDA-NRCS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura inoxia (Downy Thornapple)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura metel (Hindu datura)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDatura stramonium (jimsonweed)PresentHolm et al. (1979); Alvarez-Ruiz et al. (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDaucus carota (carrot)PresentEscobar-Avila et al. (2017); Swisher et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDelonix regia (flamboyant)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDescurainia sophia (flixweed)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2016); GBIF (2016); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDesmodium incanum (creeping beggerweed)PresentDalle and Blois (2006); ILDIS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDesmodium intortum (Green-leaf desmodium)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDichanthium annulatum (Kleberg's bluestem)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDichanthium aristatum (angelton bluestem)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDieffenbachia seguine (dumb cane)PresentNative and IntroducedCuartas-Hernández and Núñez-Farfán (2006); Croat (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria bicornis (Asian crabgrass)Present, WidespreadIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); PIER (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria ciliaris (southern crabgrass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria eriantha (pangola grass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDigitaria velutina (velvet fingergrass)PresentEggler (1948); Missouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDiodia teres (poorjoe)PresentNativeNYBG (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDioscorea alata (white yam)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDioscorea bulbifera (air potato)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDolichandra unguis-cati (cat's claw creeper)PresentNativeUlloa (2016); Martínez-Sánchez et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDombeya wallichii (pink ball)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017); González and Ornelas (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDracaena fragrans (corn plant)PresentIntroducedPOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDrymaria cordata (tropical chickweed)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997); Valdes and Franco (1998); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDuranta erecta (golden dewdrop)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaDysphania ambrosioides (Mexican tea)PresentNativeVibrans (2011); Ortega-Acosta et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa colona (junglerice)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVibrans (2009); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa crus-pavonis (gulf cockspur grass)PresentNativeTropicos (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinochloa pyramidalisPresentIntroducedInvasiveZuloaga and Morrone (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEchinodorus cordifoliusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEclipta prostrata (eclipta)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEgeria densa (leafy elodea)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEichhornia azurea (anchored water hyacinth)PresentNativeUK, Royal Botanic Gardens (Kew) (2009); USA, Missouri Botanical Garden (2009); USDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveGopal (1987); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive)Present, PlantedCABI (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElaeis guineensis (African oil palm)PresentFAO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElephantopus mollis (elephant's foot)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEleusine indica (goose grass)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed)PresentHolm et al. (1979); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaElymus pycnanthusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia coccinea (scarlet tasselflower)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia fosbergii (Florida tassel-flower)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEmilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVibrans (2019); Holm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEntada gigas (sea-bean)PresentNativeILDIS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEpilobium ciliatum (northern willowherb)PresentNativeUSDA-NRCS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEpiphyllum oxypetalum (dutchman's-pipe cactus)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis amabilis (Japanese lovegrass)PresentIntroducedPeterson and Vega (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis atrovirens (thalia lovegrass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis ciliaris (gophertail lovegrass)PresentIntroducedGiraldo Cañas et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis lehmanniana (Lehmann lovegrass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveBeetle (1977); Espejo Serna and Valdés-Reyna (2000); Peterson and Valdés-Reyna (2005); Herrera Arrieta and Cortés Ortiz (2010); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis pectinaceaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis pilosa (India lovegrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEragrostis unioloides (Chinese lovegrass)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2018); Giraldo Cañas et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErechtites glomerata (fireweed)PresentZipcodeZoo (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErechtites hieraciifolius (American burnweed)PresentNativeFlora, Mesoamericana (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErechtites valerianifolius (tropical burnweed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2012); Belcher (1956)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEremochloa ophiuroides (centipedegrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErigeron karvinskianus (Karwinsky’s fleabane)PresentNativeCandolle (1836); Standley (1926); Rzedowski and McVaugh (1966); Labat (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErigeron speciosusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEriobotrya japonica (loquat)Present, PlantedIntroducedNaturalizedCABI (Undated); Klopfenstein et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEriochloa acuminataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErodium cicutarium (common storksbill)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaErythrina berteroana (coralbean)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum)Present, PlantedIntroducedFierros and Musalem (1978)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus globulus (Tasmanian blue gum)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany)PresentIntroducedOrwa et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuonymus fortunei (wintercreeper)PresentNativeZouhar (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia davidiiPresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)PresentÁvila-Alistac et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia hirta (garden spurge)PresentHolm et al. (1979); Vázquez-Marrufo et al. (2014); Vázquez-Marrufo et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia hypericifolia (graceful spurge)PresentNativePIER (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia leucocephala (white Christmas bush)PresentNativeGovaerts (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia milii (crown-of-thorns)PresentIntroducedPOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia tirucalli (Indian-tree spurge)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia tithymaloides (devil's backbone)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaEuphorbia umbellata (African milk bush)PresentIntroducedBreedlove (1986)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFalcataria moluccana (batai wood)Present, PlantedCABI (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFestuca arundinacea (tall fescue)PresentIntroducedeMonocot (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus benjamina (weeping fig)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014); Fernández-Herrera et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus carica (common fig)PresentWeber (2003); FAO (2009); Minafra et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus elastica (rubber plant)PresentQuattrocchi (2012); Flora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2014); Weber (2003); WBN Flora Database (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFicus religiosa (sacred fig tree)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFimbristylis littoralis (lesser fimbristylis)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFlemingia macrophylla (large leaf flemingia)PresentIntroducedOrwa et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFoeniculum vulgare (fennel)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013); Flora Mesoamericana (2015); Moreno-Velázquez et al. (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFragaria vesca (wild strawberry)PresentNativeDarrow (1966)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFraxinus uhdei (tropical ash)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaFuntumia elastica (West African rubber tree)PresentIntroducedZipcodeZoo (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGaillardia pulchella (Indian blanket)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier)Present, WidespreadNativeMartínez D. et al. (1983); Amador-Ramírez (2002); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier)PresentNativeInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalphimia glauca (goldshower)PresentNativeAnderson (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGalphimia gracilis (goldshower)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGarcia nutans (false tung oil tree)PresentNativeGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGilia capitataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGleditsia triacanthos (honey locust)Present, PlantedNativeBriones V. (1988)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGliricidia sepium (gliricidia)PresentNativeILDIS (2002); WAC (2005); USDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGlyceria striataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGmelina arborea (candahar)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphocarpus physocarpus (balloon cotton bush)PresentIntroducedGarcía-Mendoza and Meave Castillo (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphrena globosa (globe amaranth)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGomphrena serrata (arrasa con todo)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGossypium barbadense (Gallini cotton)PresentIntroducedPROTA (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGrevillea robusta (silky oak)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGymnocoronis spilanthoides (Senegal tea plant)PresentNativePIER (2008); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaGypsophila paniculata (baby’s breath)PresentIntroducedInvasiveMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHaematoxylum campechianum (logwood)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHedera helix (ivy)PresentTovar-Pedraza et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelanthium tenellumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelenium quadridentatum (longdisk sneezeweed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2017); Acevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelianthus annuus (sunflower)PresentFAO (2009); Velásquez-Valle (2001); Velázquez-del Valle et al. (2017); Poudel et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelianthus ciliaris (Texas blueweed)Present, LocalizedNativeInvasiveSalinas (1981); USDA-ARS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHelianthus debilis (beach sunflower)PresentCompositae Working Group (CWG) (2021)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliconia bihai (macaw flower)PresentIntroducedPérez et al. (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliocarpus americanus (white moho)Present, LocalizedNativeLay (1949); USDA-ARS (2012); Grandtner and Chevrette (2013); Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliocarpus donnellsmithii (majagua)PresentNativeVillaseñor Ríos (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeliotropium indicum (Indian heliotrope)PresentBirecka et al. (1980)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHemerocallis fulva (tawny daylily)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeteranthera dubiaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeteropogon contortus (spear grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeterotheca grandiflora (telegraph weed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHeuchera sanguineaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHevea brasiliensis (rubber)PresentFAO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHibiscus elatus (blue mahoe)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedWeaver and Francis (1989); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHirschfeldia incana (shortpod mustard)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHolcus lanatus (common velvet grass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2013); PIER (2013); USDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHordeum jubatumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHordeum pusillumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHunnemannia fumariifolia (Mexican tulip poppy)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHydrilla verticillata (hydrilla)Present, LocalizedIntroducedNovelo and Martínez (1989); Camarena M. and Aguilar Z. (1999); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHydrocotyle ranunculoides (floating pennywort)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedMcChesney (1994); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHygrophila polysperma (Indian swampweed)PresentIntroducedKasselmann (1994); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHylocereus undatus (dragon fruit)PresentNativeIUCN (2020); Ortiz-Hernández (1999)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHymenachne amplexicaulis (hymenachne)Present, WidespreadNativePohl (1994); Kew Herbarium Catalogue (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyparrhenia rufa (Jaragua grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveClayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHypericum perforatum (St John's wort)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015); PIER (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHypochaeris radicata (cat's ear)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyptis brevipes (lesser roundweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyptis spicigera (black sesame)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaHyptis suaveolens (pignut)PresentNativeInvasiveGBIF (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaImpatiens balsamina (garden balsam)PresentIntroducedFlora Mesoamericana (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaImpatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam)PresentUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaImpatiens walleriana (busy lizzy)PresentIntroducedChristenhusz MJM (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedRandall (2012); PIER (2013); Flora Mesoamericana (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera spicata (creeping indigo)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera suffruticosa (Anil indigo)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIndigofera trita (Asian indigo)PresentILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea alba (white moonflower )PresentNativeStaples (2017); Witt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea cairica (five-fingered morning glory)PresentIntroducedInvasivePOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea carneaPresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (bush morning glory)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea hederifolia (scarlet-creeper )PresentNativeStaples (2016); Witt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea indica (ocean blue morning-glory)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVibrans (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea nil (white edge morning-glory)PresentNativeStaples (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea purpurea (tall morning glory)PresentNativeVibrans (2009); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea quamoclit (cypress vine)PresentNativeStaples (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea sagittataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea triloba (three-lobe morning glory)PresentAustin (1978)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIpomoea wrightiiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIschaemum rugosum (saramollagrass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaIxora finlaysoniana (white jungle flame)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJasminum fluminense (Brazilian jasmine)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJasminum multiflorum (star jasmine)PresentIntroducedGreen (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJasminum sambac (Arabian jasmine)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJatropha curcas (jatropha)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008); Cisneros-López et al. (2012); Nolasco Gúzman et al. (2013); Herrera-Parra et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJatropha gossypiifolia (bellyache bush)Present, WidespreadIntroducedHoward (1989); CSIRO (1998); Francis (2005); USDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus effusus (common rush)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); Balslev (1996); Kirschner (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus ensifolius (swordleaf rush)Present, LocalizedNativeBrooks and Clemants (2000); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJuncus tenuis (slender rush)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaJusticia pectoralis (freshcut)PresentNativeDaniel (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKalanchoe daigremontiana (devil's backbone)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKalanchoe delagoensis (chandelier plant)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells)PresentIntroducedBoiteau and Allorge-Boiteau (1995); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaKoeleria macranthaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd)PresentIntroducedInvasiveRed de Herbarios del Noroeste de México (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLagerstroemia indica (Indian crape myrtle)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLagerstroemia speciosa (Pride of India)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLamium amplexicaule (henbit deadnettle)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLantana camara (lantana)PresentNativeMexico, CONABIO (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLathyrus odoratus (sweet pea)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLaunaea intybacea (bitter lettuce)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLawsonia inermis (Egyptian privet)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDavidse et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeersia hexandra (southern cut grass)PresentPyrah (1969)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna aequinoctialis (lesser duckweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna minutaPresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLemna perpusilla (duckweed)PresentGBIF (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeonotis nepetifolia (Christmas candlestick)Present, WidespreadIntroducedConabio (2015); Acevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeonurus japonicus (honeyweed)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium didymum (lesser swine-cress)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium draba (hoary cress)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveGeronimo (1978)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium latifolium (perennial pepperweed)PresentIntroducedInvasiveMissouri Botanical Garden (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium perfoliatum (clasping pepperweed)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLepidium virginicum (Virginian peppercress)Present, WidespreadNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); USDA-ARS (2016); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeptochloa fusca (sprangletop)PresentNativeWCSP (2018); PIER (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeptochloa mucronata (mucronate sprangletop )PresentNativeHernandez et al. (1972); Esqueda-Esquivel (2008); eMonocot (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016); National Museum of Natural History (2016); PIER (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeptochloa nealleyi (Nealley's sprangletop)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLespedeza cuneata (sericea lespedeza)PresentIntroducedEstrada and Yen (2001); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucaena diversifoliaPresent, PlantedNativeInvasiveWorld Agroforestry Centre (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucaena leucocephala (leucaena)PresentNativeInvasiveHughes (1998); Hughes (1998); World Agroforestry Centre (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucanthemum maximumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLeucophyllum frutescens (Texas barometer bush)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020); Beltrán-Peña et al. (2021)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLigustrum japonicum (Japanese privet)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020); Estrada et al. (1998); Aguilar-Luna et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLigustrum lucidum (broad-leaf privet)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2009); Nesom (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLimnobium laevigatum (South American spongeplant)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLimnocharis flava (yellow bur-head)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLindernia crustacea (Malaysian false pimpernel)PresentIntroducedLewis (2000)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013); Ordaz-González et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLolium rigidum (rigid ryegrass)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004); Missouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLotus unifoliolatusPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia grandiflora (water primrose)PresentGBIF (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia palustris (marsh seedbox)PresentNativePOWO (2020); CONABIO (2006)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLudwigia peploides (water primrose)PresentNativeZardini et al. (1991); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLuffa acutangula (angled luffa)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVibrans (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLuffa aegyptiaca (loofah)PresentPIER (2007); Zipcode Zoo (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLycium ferocissimum (African boxthorn)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaLythrum maritimum (pukamole)Present, LocalizedNativeGrisebach (1875); Hemsley (1888)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMacroptilium atropurpureum (siratro)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMalvaviscus arboreus (wax mallow)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMalvaviscus penduliflorus (Turk's cap mallow)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMangifera indica (mango)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedOrwa et al. (2009); Félix-Gastélum et al. (2013); Freeman et al. (2014); López-Guillén et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaManilkara zapota (sapodilla)PresentNativeGovaerts (2017); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMaranta arundinacea (arrowroot)PresentNativeGovaerts (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMarrubium vulgare (horehound)PresentIntroducedMalezas Mexico de (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMartynia annua (tiger's claw)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMedicago lupulina (black medick)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2017); Vibrans (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMegathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveHitchcock and Chase (1910)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelaleuca quinquenervia (paperbark tree)Present, PlantedIntroducedInvasiveMissouri Botanical Garden (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelia azedarach (Chinaberry)Present, PlantedIntroducedWorld Agroforestry Centre (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelicoccus bijugatus (Spanish lime)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelilotus albus (honey clover)PresentIntroducedInvasiveWeeds of Mexico (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelilotus officinalis (yellow sweet clover)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelinis minutiflora (molasses grass)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMelinis repens (natal redtop)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveGBIF (2012); Stevens and Fehmi (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMentha pulegium (pennyroyal)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia aegyptia (hairy woodrose)PresentNativeMcDonald (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia cissoides (roadside woodrose)PresentNativeMcDonald (1993)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia tuberosa (woodrose)PresentNativeAustin (1998)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMerremia umbellata (hogvine)Present, WidespreadNativeMcDonald (1993); Ooststroom and Hoogland (1953)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMesembryanthemum crystallinum (crystalline iceplant)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMesosphaerum pectinatum (comb bushmint)Present, WidespreadNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMiconia calvescens (miconia)PresentNativeMeyer (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMikania micrantha (bitter vine)Present, LocalizedNativeHolm et al. (1991); PIER (2015); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMikania scandensPresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa arenosa (elegant mimosa)PresentNativeVillaseñor (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa casta (graceful mimosa)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa diplotricha (giant sensitive plant)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019); Barneby (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa pigra (giant sensitive plant)Present, LocalizedNativeHolm et al. (1979); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimosa pudica (sensitive plant)Present, WidespreadNativeInvasiveHolm et al. (1977)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMimulus guttatus (Monkeyflower)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMirabilis jalapa (four o'clock flower)Present, WidespreadNativeCONABIO (2016); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMirabilis longifloraPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMirabilis nyctagineaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMomordica balsamina (common balsam apple)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2019); Missouri Botanical Garden (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMomordica charantia (bitter gourd)PresentIntroducedInvasiveScholz (1988); Holm et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMontanoa bipinnatifidaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMontanoa hibiscifolia (tree daisy)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMoorochloa eruciformis (sweet signal grass)PresentNativeZuloaga et al. (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMorinda citrifolia (Indian mulberry)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMoringa oleifera (horse radish tree)Present, PlantedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2017); Moreno-Ramírez et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMorus nigra (black mulberry)PresentLim (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMucuna pruriens (velvet bean)Present, WidespreadInvasiveHolm et al. (1979); Acevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012); ILDIS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMuntingia calabura (Jamaica cherry)Present, WidespreadNativeAvendaño-Reyes (2006); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMurdannia nudiflora (doveweed)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1977); Baker and Zettler (1988)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMurraya paniculata (orange jessamine)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020); Smithsonian Museum of Natural History (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMussaenda erythrophylla (red flag bush)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMussaenda philippica (Queen of Philippines)PresentIntroducedRed de Herbarios del Noroeste de México (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMyriophyllum aquaticum (parrot's feather)PresentIntroducedOrchard (1981); Bonilla-Barbosa (1994); Lot and Novelo (2004); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMyriophyllum heterophyllum (broadleaf watermilfoil)PresentUSDA-NRCS (2008); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMyriophyllum pinnatum (cutleaf watermilfoil)PresentIntroducedRed de Herbarios del Noroeste de México (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMyriophyllum spicatum (spiked watermilfoil)PresentIntroducedSeebens et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaMyroxylon balsamum (Peru balsam)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNandina domestica (Nandina)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedGBIF (2013); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNassella tenuissima (Mexican feather grass)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNelsonia canescens (blue pussyleaf)PresentDaniel (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNemophila menziesiiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNerium oleander (oleander)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2020); Smithsonian Museum of Natural History (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNeyraudia reynaudiana (burma reed)PresentIntroducedBeetle (1977); Espejo Serna and López-Ferrari (1993); Peterson et al. (2001); Sarukhán and Soberón (2008); Sánchez-Ken et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicotiana glauca (tree tobacco)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicotiana plumbaginifolia (Tex-Mex tobacco)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2017); USDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNicotiana tabacum (tobacco)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014); Camacho-Tapia et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNolina recurvataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNopalea cochenillifera (cochineal cactus)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNymphaea ampla (dot-leaf water-lily)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNymphaea mexicana (yellow waterlily)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaNymphaea odorataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOcimum gratissimum (African basil)PresentIntroducedWCSP (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOdontonema callistachyum (purple firespike)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOdontonema cuspidatum (Cardinal’s guard)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOeceoclades maculata (monk orchid)PresentIntroducedDodson (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOldenlandia corymbosa (flat-top mille graines)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedTerrell and Robinson (2006)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOldenlandia lancifolia (calycose mille graines)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia cochenillifera (cochineal cactus)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia engelmannii (cactus apple)PresentNativeUSDA-NRCS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2007); Rodríguez-Alvarado et al. (2001); Oviedo Prieto et al. (2012); Flores-Flores et al. (2013); Palomares-Pérez et al. (2015); Torre-Almaráz et al. (2016); González-Hernández et al. (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia microdasys (angel's wings)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia monacantha (common prickly pear)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia stricta (erect prickly pear)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018); Benson (1982); Missouri Botanical Garden (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOpuntia tomentosa (velvet tree pear)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOrobanche ramosa (branched broomrape)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOxalis corniculata (creeping woodsorrel)PresentHolm et al. (1977)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaOxalis latifolia (sorrel)PresentPérez-Calix (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPachira aquatica (pachira nut)PresentNativeFlora Mesoamericana (2017); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPanicum obtusumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParietaria pensylvanicaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParkinsonia aculeata (Mexican palo-verde)Present, PlantedNativeInvasiveILDIS (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParmentiera aculeata (cucumber tree)PresentNativeGentry (1980); Flora Mesoamericana (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed)Present, WidespreadNativeHaseler (1976); Dale (1981); Aneja et al. (1991); Holm et al. (1991); Alvarez-Ruiz et al. (2007); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaParthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia creeper)PresentNativeUSDA-NRCS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalidium geminatum (Egyptian paspalidium)PresentNativeRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew (2012); Gomez (2000)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum conjugatum (buffalo grass)PresentNativeCABI (Undated); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum densum (dense crowngrass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum dilatatum (dallisgrass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2017); Missouri Botanical Garden (2017); Zhao LiFeng and Qin ShaoWei (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum distichum (knotgrass)PresentNativeCABI (Undated); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum fasciculatum (bull grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019); Flora of Pakistan (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum millegrana (yerba brava)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum notatum (Bahia grass)PresentClayton et al. (2018); USDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum paniculatum (Russell River grass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum urvillei (Vasey grass)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2018); GBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum vaginatum (seashore paspalum)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016); Ordaz-González et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPaspalum virgatum (sword grass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora edulis (passionfruit)PresentIntroducedMartin and Nakasone (1970)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora foetida (red fruit passion flower)PresentNativeKillip (1938); Holm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora ligularis (sweet granadilla)Present, WidespreadNativeDavidse et al. (1994); PROTA (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora suberosa (corkystem passionflower)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora subpeltata (white passionflower)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora tarminiana (banana passionfruit)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPassiflora tripartita var. mollissima (banana passionfruit)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPastinaca sativa (parsnip)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass)PresentIntroducedWeber (2003); USA, USDA-ARS (2008); Ordaz-González et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum macrourum (African feather grass)PresentWeber (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum polystachion (mission grass)PresentIntroducedHafliger and Scholz (1981)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum purpureum (elephant grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPennisetum setaceum (fountain grass)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2012); Tellman (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPentas lanceolata (Egyptian starcluster)PresentIntroducedBonet Ferrer (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPersicaria maculosa (redshank)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1991); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPersicaria punctata (dotted smartweed)PresentNativeFlora of North America (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPetiveria alliacea (guinea hen weed)PresentNativeVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (1998); Vibrans (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhalaris minor (littleseed canarygrass)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhalaris paradoxa (awned canary-grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhaseolus lunatus (lima bean)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhleum pratense (timothy grass)PresentIntroducedKew (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhormium tenax (New Zealand flax)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedHanelt et al. (2001)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhragmites australis (common reed)Present, WidespreadNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhyllanthus urinaria (leafflower)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhyllostachys aurea (golden bamboo)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004); USDA-APHIS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhysalis angulata (cutleaf groundcherry)PresentNativeRydberg (1896); Waterfall (1967); Holm et al. (1997); Missouri Botanical Garden (2013); USDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhysalis ixocarpaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011); Gámez-Jiménez et al. (2009); González-Pacheco and Silva-Rosales (2013); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017); Mauricio-Castillo et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhysalis longifoliaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhysalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPhysalis pubescensPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPimenta dioica (allspice)PresentNativeRodriquez (1969); Seidemann (2005); Parthasarathy et al. (2008); FAO (2009); PIER (2012); Velázquez-Silva et al. (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus caribaea (Caribbean pine)PresentNativeGovaerts (2013); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus contorta (lodgepole pine)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus oocarpa (ocote pine)Present, PlantedSáenz-Romero et al. (2006)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus patula (Mexican weeping pine)PresentCastro-Valderrama et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPinus radiata (radiata pine)PresentNativeLibby et al. (1968); Moran (1996); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPiper aduncum (spiked pepper)PresentNativePIER (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPiper auritumPresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPistia stratiotes (water lettuce)PresentGBIF (2009); Villaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPithecellobium dulce (Manila tamarind)PresentNativeMcVaugh (1987); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPittosporum undulatum (Australian cheesewood)PresentIntroducedInvasiveMissouri Botanical Garden (2008); PIER (2008); USA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlantago aristataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlantago lanceolata (ribwort plantain)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlantago major (broad-leaved plantain)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlectranthus amboinicus (Indian borage)PresentIntroducedAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012); Govaerts (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPlectranthus scutellarioides (coleus)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014); Govaerts (2014); Missouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPleuraphis jamesiiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPluchea carolinensis (sourbush)PresentNativeCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPoa annua (annual meadowgrass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVibrans (2009); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPoa compressa (Canada bluegrass)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPoa pratensis (smooth meadow-grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveISSG (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolycarpon tetraphyllum (fourleaf allseed)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolygonum arenastrum (common knotweed)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolygonum aviculare (prostrate knotweed)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1997)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolygonum hydropiper (marsh pepper)PresentHafliger and Wolf (1988); Holm et al. (1997); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolygonum lapathifolium (pale persicaria)PresentRíos Torres et al. (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolygonum nepalense (Nepal persicaria)PresentInvasiveVibrans and Hanan Alipi (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPolypogon monspeliensis (annual beard grass)PresentIntroducedPIER (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPontederia cordata (pickerel weed)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPopulus alba (silver-leaf poplar)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPortulaca oleracea (purslane)PresentIntroducedRzendowski and Rzendowski (1979); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPortulaca pilosa (kiss-me-quick)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPotamogeton crispus (curlyleaf pondweed)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaProsopis glandulosa (honey mesquite)PresentNativeInvasiveJohnston (1962); Burkart (1976)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaProsopis juliflora (mesquite)Present, PlantedNativeBurkart (1976); Martínez-Sánchez et al. (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaProsopis velutina (velvet mesquite)Present, LocalizedNativeInvasiveJohnston (1962); Burkart (1976)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPrunella vulgaris (self-heal)PresentNativeWCSP (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPrunus serotina (black cherry)PresentNativeEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPseudelephantopus spicatus (false elephant’s foot)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPseudogynoxys chenopodioides (Mexican flamevine)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPsidium cattleianum (strawberry guava)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedGovaerts (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPsidium guajava (guava)Present, PlantedNativeWorld Agroforestry Centre (2002); FAO (2013); Lasa and Tadeo (2015); Vargas-Madriz et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPueraria montana var. lobata (kudzu)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaPyracantha coccinea (scarlet firethorn)Present, Only in captivity/cultivationIntroducedRocha Estrada et al. (1988); ZipcodeZoo (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaQuamoclit hederifoliaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRanunculus cymbalariaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRaphanus raphanistrum (wild radish)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRhizophora mangle (red mangrove)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015); Chamorro-Florescano et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRicinus communis (castor bean)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRivina humilis (bloodberry)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRobinia pseudoacacia (black locust)PresentIntroducedInvasiveCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRoldana petasitisPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRosa multiflora (multiflora rose)PresentMissouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRosmarinus officinalis (rosemary)PresentIntroducedHanelt et al. (2001); Govaerts (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRotala ramosiorPresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass)PresentIntroducedGBIF (2008); Villa et al. (1998); Valverde et al. (1999); Vibrans (2009); Contreras-Ramos et al. (2013); Tucuch-Cauich et al. (2013); Cruz-Zapata et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRubus fruticosus (blackberry)PresentRebollar-Alviter et al. (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRubus parviflorus (thimbleberry)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRubus rosifolius (roseleaf raspberry)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRuellia macrophylla (large leaved ruellia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRuellia simplex (Mexican petunia)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex acetosella (sheep's sorrel)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex crispus (curled dock)Present, WidespreadHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock)Present, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRusselia equisetiformis (firecracker plant)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaRytidostylis carthagenensisPresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSacciolepis indica (glen woodgrass)PresentIntroducedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSagittaria latifolia (broadleaf arrowhead)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSagittaria sagittifoliaPresent, LocalizedEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalix humboldtiana (pencil willow)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalsola kali (common saltwort)PresentIntroducedInvasivePIER (2015); USDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia coccinea (scarlet sage)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia leucantha (Mexican bush sage)PresentWitt and Luke (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia microphyllaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia occidentalis (West Indian sage)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSalvia reflexaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSamanea saman (rain tree)Present, PlantedIntroducedILDIS (2002)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSambucus canadensis (American black elderberry)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSanchezia parvibracteata (sanchezia)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedDaniel (1995)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSansevieria hyacinthoides (African bowstring hemp)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSansevieria trifasciata (mother-in-law’s tongue)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (1994)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSanvitalia procumbensPresentCABI Data Mining (2011); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchefflera actinophylla (umbrella tree)PresentIntroducedCarnevali et al. (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchinus molle (false pepper tree)Present, PlantedMendez et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian pepper tree)Present, PlantedIntroducedCABI (2005)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchismus arabicus (Arabian schismus)PresentGBIF (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchismus barbatus (common Mediterranean grass)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSchizolobium parahyba (Brazilian fern tree)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSechium edule (chayote)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSecurigera varia (crown vetch)PresentIntroducedInvasiveSánchez-Blanco et al. (2012); Missouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenecio inaequidens (South African ragwort)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenecio vulgarisPresentIntroducedHultén and Fries (1986)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna alata (candle bush)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); PIER (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna hirsuta (hairy senna)Present, WidespreadNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna multijuga (November shower)PresentAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012); ILDIS (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna obtusifolia (sicklepod)Present, WidespreadNativeHolm et al. (1979); Palmer and Pullen (2001)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna occidentalis (coffee senna)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016); Holm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna septemtrionalis (smooth senna)PresentNativeIrwin and Barneby (1982); ILDIS (2014); Wagner et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna siamea (yellow cassia)PresentIntroducedInvasiveILDIS (2007); Mexico, CONABIO (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSenna spectabilis (whitebark senna)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014); Missouri Botanical Garden (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSesbania grandiflora (sesbania)Present, PlantedIntroducedGBIF (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSesbania sesban (sesban)PresentIntroducedNaturalizedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria palmifolia (palm grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria parviflora (knotroot foxtail)PresentHolm et al. (1979)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSetaria verticillata (bristly foxtail)PresentIntroducedHafliger and Scholz (1980)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSicyos angulatus (burcucumber)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSida acuta (sida)PresentNativeHolm et al. (1977); Martínez-Sánchez et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSida linifolia (flaxleaf fanpetals)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSidalcea malvifloraPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSilene antirrhinaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSilene gallica (common catchfly)PresentIntroducedVibrans (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSilybum marianum (variegated thistle)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSisymbrium irioPresentIntroducedWeeds of Mexico (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum americanumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum elaeagnifolium (silverleaf nightshade)PresentNativeInvasiveGoeden (1971); Holm et al. (1979); Boyd et al. (1984); Wapshere (1988); Swisher et al. (2016); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum erianthum (potato tree)PresentFlora Mesoamericana (2014); USDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum heterodoxumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum mammosum (nipplefruit nightshade)PresentNativeCABI (Undated); Lim (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum nigrum (black nightshade)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum rostratum (prickly nightshade)PresentNativeWhalen (1979); Mauricio-Castillo et al. (2007); Acevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012); USDA-ARS (2014); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum seaforthianum (Brazilian nightshade)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum sisymbriifolium (sticky nightshade)PresentIntroducedISSG (2020); CABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum torvum (turkey berry)Present, LocalizedJanzen (1966); Holm et al. (1991); Arriaga and Hernández (1998); Breedlove (1998); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum tuberosum (potato)PresentUSDA-ARS (2014); Jaime-Garcia et al. (2001); Fernández-Pavía et al. (2002); Robles-Hernández et al. (2010); Cruz Roblero et al. (2011); López Orona et al. (2013); Quintero-Ferrer and Karasev (2013); García-Núñez et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum viarum (tropical soda apple)PresentIntroducedInvasiveUSDA-ARS (2012); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolanum wendlandiiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolidago canadensis (Canadian goldenrod)PresentNativeWeber (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSolidago sempervirens (seaside goldenrod)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSoliva sessilisPresentIntroducedGBIF (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSonchus arvensis (perennial sowthistle)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSonchus asper (spiny sow-thistle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVibrans (2009)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVibrans (2009); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSorghum halepense (Johnson grass)Present, LocalizedIntroducedHolm et al. (1991); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpartium junceum (Spanish broom)PresentIntroducedCONABIO (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpathodea campanulata (African tulip tree)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpergularia marinaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpermacoce verticillata (shrubby false buttonwood)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSphagneticola trilobata (wedelia)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSpondias purpurea (red mombin)PresentCABI Data Mining (undated); Mendez et al. (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus indicus (rat tail grass)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus pyramidalis (giant rat’s tail grass)PresenteMonocot (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus pyramidatus (whorled dropseed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSporobolus tenuissimus (tropical dropseed)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStachytarpheta cayennensis (blue snakeweed)Present, Few occurrencesNativeTroncoso (1979); Cowan (1983); Pool and Rueda (2001); Carnevali et al. (2010); Davidse et al. (2012); PIER (2015); USDA-ARS (2015); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStachytarpheta jamaicensis (Jamaica vervain)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStellaria media (common chickweed)PresentHolm et al. (1977); Holm et al. (1991)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStenotaphrum secundatum (buffalo grass)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSterculia apetala (Panama tree)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaStylosanthes hamata (Caribbean Stylo)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSymphyotrichum novi-belgii (New York aster)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSynedrella nodiflora (synedrella)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSyngonium podophyllum (arrowhead vine)PresentNativeCroat (1981); Govaerts (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaSyzygium jambos (rose apple)Present, PlantedIntroducedInvasiveSoto Pinto et al. (2000)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTabebuia rosea (pink poui)Present, WidespreadNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTagetes erecta (Mexican marigold)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018); Oviedo Prieto et al. (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTagetes tenuifoliaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTamarindus indica (tamarind)PresentIntroducedILDIS (2010); CABI Data Mining (undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTamarix aphylla (athel)Present, LocalizedIntroducedScudday (1989); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTamarix chinensis (five-stamen tamarisk)Present, PlantedIntroducedInvasiveWestbrooks (1998)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTamarix ramosissima (saltcedar)Present, LocalizedIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTaraxacum officinale complex (dandelion)PresentIntroducedHolm et al. (1997); Gómez (1999)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTecoma capensis (Cape honeysuckle)PresentIntroducedUlloa (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTecoma stans (yellow bells)Present, WidespreadNativeGentry (1992)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTectona grandis (teak)Present, PlantedCibrián-Llanderal et al. (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTerminalia catappa (Singapore almond)PresentIntroducedDavidse et al. (2009); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThemeda quadrivalvis (grader grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveEspinosa-García and Villaseñor (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThespesia populnea (portia tree)PresentUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia alata (black eyed Susan)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia erecta (bush clockvine)PresentIntroducedPOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia fragrans (whitelady)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThunbergia grandiflora (Bengal trumpet)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaThymophylla tenuiloba (Dahlberg daisy)PresentNativeUSDA-NRCS (2019)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2018); Ávila-Alistac et al. (2017); USDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTithonia rotundifolia (red sunflower)PresentWitt and Luke (2017); USDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaToona ciliata (toon)Present, PlantedCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTrachelospermum jasminoides (star-jasmine)PresentIntroducedWilliams (1996)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTrachypogon spicatus (spiked crinkleawn)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia pallida (purple queen)PresentNativeGovaerts (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia spathacea (boat lily)PresentNativeGovaerts (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTradescantia zebrina (wandering jew)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriadica sebifera (Chinese tallow tree)PresentEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTribulus cistoides (false puncture vine)PresentHolm et al. (1977); Missouri Botanical Garden (2003)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTribulus terrestris (puncture vine)PresentHolm et al. (1979); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTridax procumbens (coat buttons)Present, LocalizedEPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTrimezia steyermarkii (yellow walking iris)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017); Barker and Govaerts (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriphasia trifolia (limeberry)PresentIntroducedBreedlove (1986)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriplaris americana (ant tree)PresentNativeAcevedo-Rodríguez and Strong (2012); Breedlove (1986)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTripsacum dactyloides (eastern gamagrass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTripsacum latifolium (wideleaf gamagrass)PresentNativeClayton et al. (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriticum monococcumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTriumfetta semitriloba (burweed)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTurbina corymbosa (Christmas vine)Present, WidespreadNativeMcDonald (1993); USDA-ARS (2018)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTurnera ulmifolia (West Indian holly)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTypha angustifolia (lesser bulrush)PresentHolm et al. (1991); Chambers et al. (2008)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTypha domingensis (southern cattail)Present, WidespreadNativeInvasiveBreedlove (1986); Lot and Novelo (1988); McVaugh and Koch (1993); Rejmankova et al. (1996)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaTypha latifolia (broadleaf cattail)PresentNativeUSA, USDA-ARS (2010)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrena lobata (caesar weed)PresentNativeFryxell (1988)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrena sinuata (bur mallow)PresentIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa brizantha (palisadegrass)PresentCABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa distachya (signal grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa mutica (para grass)PresentIntroducedInvasiveVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrochloa platyphylla (broadleaf signalgrass)PresentIntroducedClayton et al. (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUrtica dioica (stinging nettle)PresentNativeCarey (1995); USDA-NRCS (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaUtricularia gibbaPresentNativeOlvera (1996); Missouri Botanical Garden (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVachellia macracantha (porknut)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2017)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbena bracteataPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbena litoralis (blue vervain)PresentNativeUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbena rigida (stiff verbena)Present, LocalizedIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004); HEAR (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVerbesina encelioides (golden crownbeard)Present, WidespreadNativeGBIF (2012); EPPO (2022)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVeronica serpyllifolia (thymeleaf speedwell)PresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVicia villosa (hairy vetch)PresentIntroducedMissouri Botanical Garden (2015)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaViguiera dentata (sunflower goldeneye)Present, WidespreadNativeUSDA-ARS (2014)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVitex agnus-castus (chaste tree)PresentIntroducedPOWO (2020)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVitex trifoliaPresentIntroducedGovaerts (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVulpia bromoides (squirreltail fescue)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2012)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaVulpia myuros (annual fescue)PresentIntroducedHoward (2006)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaWigandia urensPresentSánchez García et al. (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaXanthium spinosum (bathurst burr)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaXanthosoma sagittifolium (elephant ear)PresentIntroducedGovaerts (2013)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaYoungia japonica (oriental false hawksbeard)PresentIntroducedInvasiveMexico, CONABIO (2007)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaYucca aloifolia (Spanish bayonet)PresentNativeMissouri Botanical Garden (2016); GBIF (2016)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaZingiber officinale (ginger)Present, WidespreadIntroducedVillaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia (2004); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaZinnia angustifoliaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaZinnia peruviana (Peruvian zinnia)PresentNativeFlora Mesoamericana (2016); USDA-ARS (2016); CABI (Undated);
EukaryotaPlantaeSpermatophytaZoysia matrella (Manila grass)PresentIntroducedUSDA-ARS (2016)
EukaryotaProtistaParamyxeaMarteilia refringensAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaAmphidinium carteraePresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaAmphidinium operculatumPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaAmylax triacanthaPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaBabesia bigeminaPresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaBabesia bovisPresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaBonamia exitiosaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaBonamia ostreaeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaGonyaulax gridleyiPresentCABI Data Mining (2011)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaGymnodinium catenatumPresent, LocalizedBand-Schmidt et al. (2006)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaMikrocystos mackiniAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaPerkinsus marinusAbsentOIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaPerkinsus olseniAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaPlasmodium relictumPresentNativeBeltran and Pardinas (1953); CABI (Undated)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaToxoplasma gondiiPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaTritrichomonas foetusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaTrypanosoma equiperdumAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EukaryotaProtistaProtozoaTrypanosoma evansiAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); Desquesnes (2004); OIE (2019)
VirusAfrican horse sickness virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusAfrican swine fever virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusArterivirusPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Virusavian infectious bronchitis virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusavian metapneumovirusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusAvipoxvirusPresentGallagher (1916); Graham (1978); Olmos et al. (1986)
VirusBarley yellow dwarf viruses (barley yellow dwarf)PresentUK, CAB International (1969); Ranieri et al. (1993); EPPO (2014)
Virusbluetongue virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE Handistatus (2005); OIE (2019)
Virusbovine herpesvirus 1Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusbovine leukemia virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusbovine viral diarrhea virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Viruscamelpox virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Viruscaprine arthritis encephalitis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
VirusChelonid herpesvirus 5PresentQuackenbush et al. (2001)
VirusCitrus leprosis virus C (leprosis of citrus)Present, LocalizedIzquierdo Castillo et al. (2011); CABI/EPPO (2013); EPPO (2022)
Virusclassical swine fever virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusCowpea mild mottle virus (angular mosaic of beans)PresentEPPO (2022); CABI and EPPO (2019)
VirusCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusCucurbit yellow stunting disorder virusPresent, LocalizedCABI and EPPO (2004); Kao et al. (2000); Brown et al. (2007); EPPO (2022)
Virusduck hepatitis A virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Viruseastern equine encephalitis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusepizootic haematopoietic necrosis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusequid herpesvirus 1AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusequine arteritis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusequine infectious anaemia virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusequine influenzavirusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusfoot-and-mouth disease virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusfowlpox virusPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusGallid herpesvirus 2PresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusHaliotid herpesvirus 1AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusinfectious bursal disease virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusinfectious haematopoietic necrosis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusinfectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusinfectious myonecrosis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusinfectious salmon anemia virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusinfluenza A virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
VirusIris yellow spot virus (iris yellow spot)PresentCABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated);
VirusJapanese encephalitis virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Viruslumpy skin disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusMacrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusMaize chlorotic mottle virusPresentCABI and EPPO (2014); Gordon et al. (1984)
VirusMaize dwarf mosaic virus (dwarf mosaic of maize)PresentLin (1982); CABI and EPPO (2003)
VirusMaize lethal necrosis diseasePresentCarrera-Martinez et al. (1989)
Virusmyxoma virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
VirusNairobi sheep disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusNewcastle disease virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
VirusNipah virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusPapaya ringspot virusPresentBecerra Leor (1989); Silva-Rosales et al. (2000); CABI and EPPO (2003)
VirusPepino mosaic virusPresent, Few occurrencesCABI and EPPO (2015); Ling and Zhang (2011); Ling et al. (2011); EPPO (2022)
VirusPepper mild mottle virus (PMMV)PresentEPPO (2014); CABI and EPPO (2009); González Franco et al. (2014)
Viruspeste des petits ruminants virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusporcine epidemic diarrhea virusPresentOIE (2020); Jung and Saif (2015); OIE (2020)
VirusPotato spindle tuber viroid (spindle tuber of potato)PresentCABI and EPPO (2014); EPPO (2022)
Virusrabbit hemorrhagic disease virusPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2019); OIE (2020)
Virusrabies virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusred sea bream iridovirusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusRift Valley fever virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusrinderpest virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusspring viraemia of carp virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusSquash leaf curl virus (leaf curl of squash)Present, LocalizedCABI and EPPO (2014); Díaz-Nájera et al. (2018); EPPO (2022); CABI (Undated);
VirusSugarcane mosaic virus (sugarcane mosaic)PresentISSCT (1989); Bermúdez-Guzmán et al. (2018); EPPO (2022)
VirusSuid herpesvirus 1PresentOIE (2020); OIE (2018); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusswine vesicular disease virusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
VirusTaura syndrome virusAbsentOIE (2019); Zarain-Herzberg and Ascencio-Valle (2001); OIE (2019)
VirusTomato brown rugose fruit virus (Tomato brown rugose fruit virus)Present, Few occurrencesIntroducedInvasiveCambrón-Crisantos et al. (2019); Camacho-Beltrán et al. (2019); EPPO (2022)
VirusTomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (tomato spotted wilt)Present, LocalizedUK, CAB International (1978); EPPO (2022)
VirusTomato yellow leaf curl virus (leaf curl)PresentCABI (Undated); Brown and Idris (2006); Idris et al. (2007); Bañuelos-Hernández et al. (2012); EPPO (2022)
Virustransmissible gastroenteritis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusVenezuelan equine encephalitis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusviral hemorrhagic septicemia virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Virusvisna/maedi virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
VirusWest Nile virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Viruswestern equine encephalitis virusAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
VirusWheat streak mosaic virus (wheat streak)PresentIntroducedUK, CAB International (1982); Sánchez-Sánchez et al. (2001); CABI (Undated)
VirusWhite spot syndrome virusPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)

List of Species CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Species which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database and selected invasive species databases). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

List of Animal Diseases

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The table lists the animal diseases recorded in the Compendium for this region (from the full disease datasheets). For further information, please follow the link to the datasheet.

Disease Distribution Origin Invasive References
abalone viral ganglioneuritisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
acarapisosis of honey beesAbsentOIE (2019); EPPO (2009); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
acute hepatopancreatic necrosis diseasePresentSoto-Rodriguez et al. (2015); Nunan et al. (2014); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Aeromonas infection in fishAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
African horse sicknessAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
African swine feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
American foul broodAbsentOIE (2019); Djordjevic et al. (1994); OIE (2019)
anaplasmosisPresentTeclaw et al. (1985); Cavazzani (1989); Fragoso Sánchez (1991); Peña Piña and Spross S (1991); Azuara et al. (1993); Tapia et al. (1996); Cossío-Bayúgar et al. (1997); OIE Handistatus (2005)
anthraxAbsentOIE (2019); Food & Agriculture Organization (1972); OIE (1997); OIE (2019)
Aujeszky's diseasePresentOIE (2020); OIE (2018); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
avian adenoviruses infectionsPresent, WidespreadLotsy et al. (1976); Antillon Rionda (1980)
avian chlamydiosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
avian encephalomyelitisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
avian infectious bronchitisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
avian influenzaPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); Swayne et al. (1997); OIE (2009); OIE (2018); OIE (2018); OIE (2019); CABI (Undated)
avian leukosisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma gallisepticum)Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma synoviae)Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); Etcharren Márquez (1992); OIE (2019)
avian trichomoniasisPresentMoedano N. and Moreno G. (1976)
avipoxPresentOlmos et al. (1986); Gallagher (1916); Graham (1978)
babesiosisPresentOIE (2009); Figueroa et al. (1998); Solorio-Rivera et al. (1999); Nevils et al. (2000); CABI (Undated)
Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans infectionAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
blacklegPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
blue eye diseasePresent, LocalizedStephano et al. (1982); Fuentes Rangel et al. (1992); CABI (Undated)
bluetongueAbsentOIE (2019); Homan et al. (1992); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
Bonamia roughleyi (Australian winter disease) of oystersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
bonamiosis (Bonamia exitiosa)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bonamiosis (Bonamia ostreae)Absent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Borrelia anserina infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Bothriocephalus acheilognathi infectionPresent, WidespreadIntroducedInvasiveLópez-Jiménez (1981)
botulismAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
bovine adenoviruses infectionsPresentSuzan et al. (1983); Ramírez R. and Trigo (1986)
bovine anaplasmosisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine babesiosisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine genital campylobacteriosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine herpesvirus 1 infectionsPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine papular stomatitisPresentAguilar-Setien et al. (1980)
bovine parainfluenza 3 infectionPresent, WidespreadMelgarejo et al. (1991)
bovine parvovirus infectionPresentCorrea G. et al. (1983)
bovine respiratory syncytial virus infectionPresentCortese et al. (1991)
bovine spongiform encephalopathyAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine tuberculosisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2018); OIE (2018)
bovine venereal trichomonosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
bovine viral diarrhoeaPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
BP virus diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
brucellosis (Brucella abortus)Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); Díaz C. et al. (1998); OIE (2019)
brucellosis (Brucella melitensis)Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); Quezada et al. (1997); OIE (2019)
brucellosis (Brucella ovis)Present, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019); CABI (Undated)
brucellosis (Brucella suis)AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2000); OIE (2019)
camel poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
caprine arthritis encephalitisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
caseous lymphadenitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005); CABI (Undated)
chlamydial infections of livestock and poultryPresentEscalante-Ochoa et al. (1996); Escalante-Ochoa et al. (1997)
Chrysomya bezziana infestationAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
ChytridiomycosisPresent, LocalizedFrías-Alvarez et al. (2008); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
classical swine feverAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Clostridium novyi infectionsPresent, WidespreadSeifert et al. (1996)
Clostridium perfringens enteritis and enterotoxaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
coccidiosisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
Cochliomyia hominivorax infestationAbsent, EradicatedWyss (2000); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
contagious agalactiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
contagious bovine pleuropneumoniaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
contagious caprine pleuropneumoniaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
contagious ecthymaPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
contagious equine metritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
contagious ophthalmiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
crayfish plagueAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
cryptosporidiosis in livestock and poultryPresentRomo-Garcia et al. (1991); Miller et al. (1994); Solorzano et al. (2000); Larrosa-Haro et al. (2002); Adachi et al. (2003); Díaz-Cinco et al. (2003); Graham et al. (2003); Juárez-Figueroa et al. (2003)
cysticercosisPresentCABI Data Mining (2001)
Denman island diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
dermatophilosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Digenean infections of fishPresentGarcía M. et al. (1993); Scholz and Salgado-Maldonado (2000); Scholz et al. (2001); CABI (Undated)
dourineAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
duck viral enteritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
duck virus hepatitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
EchinococcusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Echinococcus granulosusAbsentOIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2019)
Echinococcus multilocularisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
enzootic abortion of ewesAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
enzootic bovine leukosisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
eperythrozoonosis in pigsPresentTalavera Santos (1977)
epizootic haematopoietic necrosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
epizootic haemorrhagic diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
epizootic lymphangitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
epizootic ulcerative syndromeAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
equine coital exanthemaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern)AbsentOIE (2019); Aguirre et al. (1992); OIE (2019)
equine encephalomyelitis (Western)AbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
equine infectious anaemiaPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
equine influenzaAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
equine piroplasmosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
equine rhinopneumonitisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
equine viral arteritisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Escherichia coli infectionsPresentGonzález Morteo et al. (1990); Nevárez G. et al. (1997)
European foul broodPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
fibropapillomatosis of sea turtlesPresentQuackenbush et al. (1998)
foot-and-mouth disease in pigsAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
foot-and-mouth disease in ruminantsAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
fowl choleraPresentOIE (2009)
fowl typhoidPresentOIE (2020); OIE (2019)
fowlpoxPresentGraham (1978); OIE Handistatus (2005)
Fusobacterium necrophorum infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
glandersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Gyrodactylus salaris infectionAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Haemophilus somnus infectionPresentAcosta Hernández et al. (1995)
haemorrhagic septicaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
haplosporidiosis of pacific oystersAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
heartwaterAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
hepatitis E virus infectionPresent, WidespreadCooper et al. (2005)
horse poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
infection with Marteilia refringensAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
infection with Perkinsus marinusAbsentOIE (2019); Cáceres-Martínez et al. (2008); OIE (2019)
infection with Perkinsus olseniAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Infection with salmonid alphavirusAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
infectious bursal diseasePresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
infectious coryzaPresentFernández et al. (2000); OIE Handistatus (2005)
infectious haematopoietic necrosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); CABI Data Mining (2001); OIE (2009); OIE (2019)
infectious laryngotracheitisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019); CABI (Undated)
infectious myonecrosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
infectious salmon anaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Japanese encephalitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
koi herpesvirus diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
leishmaniosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
leptospirosisPresentOIE (2009)
listeriosisPresentVICTORIA et al. (1967); OIE Handistatus (2005)
lumpy skin diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Mannheimia haemolytica infectionsPresentPijoan Aguadé and Chávez Durón (2003)
Marek's diseasePresentOIE (2009)
Mycoplasma agalactiae infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Mycoplasma bovis infectionsPresentHernández Andrade and Jaramillo Meza (1995)
myxomatosisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Nairobi sheep diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
necrotizing hepatopancreatitisAbsentOIE (2019); Ibarra-Gámez et al. (2007); OIE (2019)
neosporosisPresentCABI (Undated)
Newcastle diseasePresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
Nipah virus infectionAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Oncorhynchus masou virus diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
paratuberculosisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); Ramirez et al. (1979); Salman et al. (1990); OIE (2019)
Pasteurella multocida infectionsPresentBlanco-Viera et al. (1995)
peste des petits ruminantsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Plasmodium relictum infectionPresentNativeCABI (Undated); Beltran and Pardinas (1953)
porcine enterovirus infectionsAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
porcine epidemic diarrhoeaPresentOIE (2020); Jung and Saif (2015); OIE (2020)
porcine parvovirus infectionPresentRamírez Mendoza et al. (1998)
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndromePresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
pullorum diseaseAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
pulmonary adenomatosisAbsent, No presence record(s)Equiluz and De Aluja (1981); OIE Handistatus (2005)
Q feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); Salinas-Melendez et al. (2000); OIE (2019)
rabbit haemorrhagic diseasePresentOIE (2020); OIE (2019); OIE (2020)
rabiesPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); Vargas García and Cárdenas Lara (1996); Jaramillo Arango and Martínez Maya (1998); OIE (2019)
Ranavirus infection in amphibiansPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
red sea bream iridoviral diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Rift Valley feverAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
rinderpestAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
rotavirus infections in livestock and poultryPresent, LocalizedRuiz M. et al. (1986); Puerto S. et al. (1996); Polanco et al. (2004)
scrapieAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2PresentOIE (2020)
sheep and goat poxAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
small hive beetle infestationPresentIntroducedFERA (Food and Environment Research Agency) (2010); OIE (2020); OIE (2020)
spherical baculovirosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
spring viraemia of carpAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Staphylococcus aureus infectionsPresent, WidespreadCalva et al. (1994)
stranglesAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
surraAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); Desquesnes (2004); OIE (2019)
swine dysenteryAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
swine erysipelasPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
swine influenzaPresentRamirez Soto (1982); Rodríguez T. et al. (1996)
swine vesicular diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE Handistatus (2005)
Taura syndromeAbsentOIE (2019); Zarain-Herzberg and Ascencio-Valle (2001); OIE (2019)
theileriosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Tilapia lake virusPresentOIE (2019); OIE (2018)
Tilapia lake virus diseasePresentOIE (2019); OIE (2018)
toxoplasmosisPresentOIE Handistatus (2005)
transmissible gastroenteritis and porcine respiratory coronovirus infectionAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2009); OIE (2019); CABI (Undated)
TrichinellaAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
trichomonosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2009)
Tropilaelaps infestation of honey beesAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
trypanosomosisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
tuberculosisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); Fisanotti et al. (1998); OIE (2019)
tularaemiaAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
turkey rhinotracheitisAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
varroosis of honey beesPresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); Medina Medina et al. (2002); OIE (2019)
Venezuelan equine encephalitisAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
vesicular stomatitisPresent, LocalizedOIE (2009); Mason (1984); Zepeda and Mateos (1994)
viral haemorrhagic septicaemiaAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
visna/maediAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2018); OIE (2019)
West Nile feverAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
white spot diseasePresent, LocalizedOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
white tail diseaseAbsentOIE (2019); OIE (2019)
Xenohaliotis californiensis infectionPresent, WidespreadCaceres-Martinez and Tinoco-Orta (2001); OIE (2019); OIE (2019)
yellow head diseaseAbsent, No presence record(s)OIE (2019); OIE (2019)

List of Animal Diseases CSV Output

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Generate a spreadsheet of the List of Animal Diseases which also includes records from basic datasheets.

Basic datasheets include data mined from various sources (including the CAB Abstracts database). Further confirmation of distribution status should be sought before use.

Download CSV file

Agricultural Production

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Crop   2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Agave fibres nesArea harvested22,104 Im19,810 Im18,010 Im16,560 Im15,078 Im
Production quantity6,028 Im6,145 Im6,261 Im6,378 Im6,442 Im
Yield2,727 Fc3,102 Fc3,476 Fc3,851 Fc4,272 Fc
Almonds, with shellArea harvested27 Im28 Im29 Im31 Im32 Im
Production quantity38 Im40 Im42 Im45 Im46 Im
Yield14,074 Fc14,286 Fc14,483 Fc14,516 Fc14,375 Fc
Anise, badian, fennel, corianderArea harvested7,0997,7127,5787,0396,473
Production quantity100,560127,244132,56580,26468,941
Yield141,654 Fc164,995 Fc174,934 Fc114,028 Fc106,505 Fc
ApplesArea harvested52,98152,38953,61954,24855,121
Production quantity761,483659,692714,149716,931750,325
Yield143,728 Fc125,922 Fc133,190 Fc132,158 Fc136,123 Fc
ApricotsArea harvested185175163167179
Production quantity9679808338481,087
Yield52,270 Fc56,000 Fc51,104 Fc50,778 Fc60,726 Fc
ArtichokesArea harvested174218189203204
Production quantity2,3872,8762,3232,9202,650
Yield137,184 Fc131,927 Fc122,910 Fc143,842 Fc129,902 Fc
AsparagusArea harvested30,84230,79226,13924,79122,232
Production quantity272,202277,682245,681216,871198,075
Yield88,257 Fc90,180 Fc93,990 Fc87,480 Fc89,095 Fc
AvocadosArea harvested215,942206,389188,723180,536166,945
Production quantity2,300,8892,184,6632,029,8861,889,3541,644,226
Yield106,551 Fc105,852 Fc107,559 Fc104,652 Fc98,489 Fc
BananasArea harvested76,480 Im76,472 Im80,002 Im78,32277,549
Production quantity2,227,173 Im2,228,387 Im2,383,905 Im2,384,7782,262,028
Yield291,210 Fc291,399 Fc297,981 Fc304,484 Fc291,690 Fc
BarleyArea harvested357,994352,113354,757329,745314,601
Production quantity964,0831,008,6421,008,158978,349734,832
Yield26,930 Fc28,645 Fc28,418 Fc29,670 Fc23,358 Fc
Beans, dryArea harvested1,207,3951,596,2241,625,2131,575,9891,555,132
Production quantity879,4041,196,1561,183,8681,088,767969,146
Yield7,283 Fc7,494 Fc7,284 Fc6,908 Fc6,232 Fc
Beans, greenArea harvested8,4588,89710,2439,7089,906
Production quantity81,16191,85398,57288,08086,992
Yield95,958 Fc103,240 Fc96,234 Fc90,729 Fc87,817 Fc
Berries nesArea harvested12,90013,16412,56112,96310,006
Production quantity298,024287,125270,399248,512123,091
Yield231,026 Fc218,114 Fc215,269 Fc191,709 Fc123,017 Fc
BlueberriesArea harvested4,3193,6113,3342,9462,031
Production quantity48,99940,25136,70029,06715,489
Yield113,450 Fc111,468 Fc110,078 Fc98,666 Fc76,263 Fc
Broad beans, horse beans, dryArea harvested20,64421,16620,76823,78126,831
Production quantity30,56837,04732,55636,97034,994
Yield14,807 Fc17,503 Fc15,676 Fc15,546 Fc13,042 Fc
Cabbages and other brassicasArea harvested6,1156,1816,8696,9646,706
Production quantity203,986214,802237,506228,336226,702
Yield333,583 Fc347,520 Fc345,765 Fc327,881 Fc338,058 Fc
Canary seedArea harvested11229
Production quantity2319
Yield20,000 FcFc15,000 Fc5,000 Fc10,000 Fc
CarobsArea harvested6676
Production quantity261300
Yield39,545 Fc39,474 Fc
Carrots and turnipsArea harvested11,75011,16911,50411,52711,657
Production quantity353,750336,616334,014324,361318,366
Yield301,064 Fc301,384 Fc290,346 Fc281,392 Fc273,111 Fc
Cashew nuts, with shellArea harvested1,3401,4191,4191,4431,430
Production quantity3,5633,5563,7673,6034,288
Yield26,590 Fc25,060 Fc26,547 Fc24,969 Fc29,986 Fc
CassavaArea harvested2,1012,0001,5101,7131,758
Production quantity27,15326,02418,98920,97822,218
Yield129,238 Fc130,120 Fc125,755 Fc122,464 Fc126,382 Fc
Castor oil seedArea harvested341021,7686,6221,018
Production quantity1192823,4789,3221,819
Yield35,000 Fc27,647 Fc19,672 Fc14,077 Fc17,868 Fc
Cauliflowers and broccoliArea harvested38,80539,84938,74635,57333,125
Production quantity717,424728,721685,463583,279518,018
Yield184,879 Fc182,871 Fc176,912 Fc163,967 Fc156,383 Fc
Cereals nesArea harvested3,1923,5523,1914,5456,390
Production quantity5,5487,1155,0256,0528,551
Yield17,381 Fc20,031 Fc15,747 Fc13,316 Fc13,382 Fc
Cereals, TotalArea harvested9,058,295 A9,426,335 A9,865,991 A10,260,493 A10,000,893 A
Production quantity36,164,102 A36,068,400 A37,487,836 A38,464,942 A34,704,514 A
Yield39,924 Fc38,263 Fc37,997 Fc37,488 Fc34,701 Fc
CherriesArea harvested3948315545
Production quantity9217872207148
Yield23,590 Fc37,083 Fc23,226 Fc37,636 Fc32,889 Fc
Chick peasArea harvested95,818194,37098,50166,31680,386
Production quantity202,846351,796188,939121,567137,809
Yield21,170 Fc18,099 Fc19,181 Fc18,331 Fc17,143 Fc
Chillies and peppers, dryArea harvested31,389 Im31,600 Im31,814 Im32,033 Im32,446 Im
Production quantity60,706 Im60,552 Im60,397 Im60,242 Im60,382 Im
Yield19,340 Fc19,162 Fc18,984 Fc18,806 Fc18,610 Fc
Chillies and peppers, greenArea harvested149,577156,799160,438170,135148,689
Production quantity3,238,2453,379,2893,296,8752,737,0282,389,829
Yield216,494 Fc215,517 Fc205,492 Fc160,874 Fc160,727 Fc
Citrus Fruit, TotalArea harvested641,899 A625,936 A600,921 A597,976 A587,539 A
Production quantity8,756,488 A8,580,812 A8,353,600 A8,265,300 A8,030,004 A
Yield136,415 Fc137,088 Fc139,013 Fc138,221 Fc136,672 Fc
ClovesArea harvestedMMMMM
Production quantityMMMMM
Cocoa, beansArea harvested58,52758,36158,69058,73459,118
Production quantity28,45228,39927,28726,86328,007
Yield4,861 Fc4,866 Fc4,649 Fc4,574 Fc4,737 Fc
CoconutsArea harvested204,133 Im211,762 Im207,941 Im199,085 Im185,426 Im
Production quantity1,287,957 Im1,341,900 F1,323,400 F1,272,500 F1,197,000 F
Yield63,094 Fc63,368 Fc63,643 Fc63,917 Fc64,554 Fc
Coffee, greenArea harvested629,300629,799638,603645,638664,885
Production quantity165,712158,308153,777151,714188,934
Yield2,633 Fc2,514 Fc2,408 Fc2,350 Fc2,842 Fc
Cucumbers and gherkinsArea harvested16,11519,59720,18018,60317,850
Production quantity826,4851,072,048956,005886,270817,800
Yield512,867 Fc547,047 Fc473,739 Fc476,412 Fc458,151 Fc
DatesArea harvested1,7691,5731,3771,1831,053
Production quantity12,3658,9468,2158,0867,427
Yield69,898 Fc56,872 Fc59,659 Fc68,352 Fc70,532 Fc
Eggplants (aubergines)Area harvested2,3332,3302,5452,5522,337
Production quantity185,234179,656184,872172,112158,641
Yield793,973 Fc771,056 Fc726,413 Fc674,420 Fc678,823 Fc
Fibre Crops PrimaryArea harvested238,041 A267,209 A236,389 A128,195 A155,533 A
Production quantity18,415 A15,153 A19,074 A18,749 A18,173 A
Yield774 Fc567 Fc807 Fc1,463 Fc1,168 Fc
FigsArea harvested1,3221,1941,4401,3401,199
Production quantity9,4667,7058,1667,0895,381
Yield71,604 Fc64,531 Fc56,708 Fc52,903 Fc44,879 Fc
Fruit PrimaryArea harvested1,552,088 A1,514,399 A1,468,465 A1,444,992 A1,406,095 A
Production quantity23,678,584 A22,801,688 A22,398,512 A21,555,096 A20,291,808 A
Yield152,560 Fc150,566 Fc152,530 Fc149,171 Fc144,313 Fc
Fruit, citrus nesArea harvested74,877 Im71,009 Im56,235 Im69,792 Im56,845 Im
Production quantity342,758 Im327,500 F261,300 F326,700 F261,200 F
Yield45,776 Fc46,121 Fc46,466 Fc46,811 Fc45,950 Fc
Fruit, fresh nesArea harvested80,485 Im78,994 Im77,502 Im76,010 Im74,794 Im
Production quantity553,062 Im542,743 Im532,425 Im522,106 Im517,642 Im
Yield68,716 Fc68,707 Fc68,698 Fc68,689 Fc69,209 Fc
Fruit, tropical fresh nesArea harvested49,355 Im48,353 Im47,351 Im46,349 Im45,753 Im
Production quantity489,592 Im479,661 Im469,730 Im459,799 Im452,286 Im
Yield99,198 Fc99,200 Fc99,202 Fc99,204 Fc98,854 Fc
GarlicArea harvested6,8077,3487,2196,4375,510
Production quantity82,91094,69289,84075,98758,757
Yield121,801 Fc128,868 Fc124,449 Fc118,047 Fc106,637 Fc
GingerArea harvested37239130212368
Production quantity3,8603,9232,5851,084523
Yield103,763 Fc100,332 Fc85,596 Fc88,130 Fc76,912 Fc
Grapefruit (inc. pomelos)Area harvested19,59218,82317,70916,52516,964
Production quantity488,776459,610441,873438,057424,315
Yield249,477 Fc244,175 Fc249,519 Fc265,087 Fc250,127 Fc
GrapesArea harvested31,70730,76027,59325,89228,355
Production quantity472,708430,658404,585336,975369,951
Yield149,086 Fc140,006 Fc146,626 Fc130,146 Fc130,471 Fc
Groundnuts, with shellArea harvested47,53252,04658,56556,27366,709
Production quantity81,41391,10999,46595,983107,002
Yield17,128 Fc17,505 Fc16,984 Fc17,057 Fc16,040 Fc
Jojoba seedArea harvested298 Im300 Im301 Im303 Im308 Im
Production quantity145 Im147 Im149 Im151 Im148 Im
Yield4,866 Fc4,900 Fc4,950 Fc4,983 Fc4,805 Fc
Leeks, other alliaceous vegetablesArea harvested629 Im621 Im612 Im602 Im602 Im
Production quantity10,941 Im10,691 Im10,441 Im10,191 Im10,207 Im
Yield173,943 Fc172,158 Fc170,605 Fc169,286 Fc169,551 Fc
Lemons and limesArea harvested183,575175,826172,255163,466161,681
Production quantity2,701,8282,547,8342,528,1742,429,8392,342,780
Yield147,178 Fc144,907 Fc146,769 Fc148,645 Fc144,901 Fc
LentilsArea harvested8,2048,0808,5502,8208,163
Production quantity9,4698,9618,9312,1104,298
Yield11,542 Fc11,090 Fc10,446 Fc7,482 Fc5,265 Fc
Lettuce and chicoryArea harvested20,77820,52721,03020,06620,289
Production quantity515,647486,440480,808439,831437,562
Yield248,170 Fc236,976 Fc228,630 Fc219,192 Fc215,665 Fc
LinseedArea harvested95486
Production quantity84442
Yield8,889 Fc8,000 Fc10,000 Fc5,000 Fc3,333 Fc
MaizeArea harvested6,690,4497,122,5627,327,6797,598,1857,099,724
Production quantity27,228,24227,169,40027,763,20328,250,16024,694,046
Yield40,697 Fc38,146 Fc37,888 Fc37,180 Fc34,782 Fc
Maize, greenArea harvested64,37467,62564,99870,28367,703
Production quantity971,4441,058,980999,105898,793853,298
Yield150,906 Fc156,596 Fc153,713 Fc127,882 Fc126,035 Fc
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavasArea harvested215,982210,685210,847206,423203,276
Production quantity2,396,6752,178,9272,283,1922,197,3132,069,959
Yield110,966 Fc103,421 Fc108,287 Fc106,447 Fc101,830 Fc
Melons, other (inc.cantaloupes)Area harvested19,83818,95919,57320,04719,436
Production quantity627,135594,608605,134593,717561,891
Yield316,128 Fc313,628 Fc309,168 Fc296,163 Fc289,098 Fc
MelonseedArea harvested21 Im22 Im23 Im23 Im24 Im
Production quantity10 Im10 Im10 Im10 Im10 Im
Yield4,762 Fc4,545 Fc4,348 Fc4,348 Fc4,167 Fc
MilletArea harvested20143 Im1
Production quantity27622133 Im13
Yield138,000 Fc157,857 Fc110,000 Fc130,000 Fc
Mustard seedArea harvested33 F
Production quantity23 F
Yield6,667 Fc10,000 Fc
Nuts nesArea harvested63,531 Im63,166 Im62,801 Im62,397 Im62,689 Im
Production quantity132,404 Im129,504 Im126,604 Im123,704 Im122,688 Im
Yield20,841 Fc20,502 Fc20,160 Fc19,825 Fc19,571 Fc
OatsArea harvested48,59049,91143,31038,38647,255
Production quantity100,67299,30572,09271,15284,789
Yield20,719 Fc19,896 Fc16,646 Fc18,536 Fc17,943 Fc
Oil palm fruitArea harvested85,53072,84165,80558,60954,601
Production quantity1,194,210983,676873,518755,222666,238
Yield139,625 Fc135,044 Fc132,743 Fc128,858 Fc122,019 Fc
OilcropsArea harvested811,737 A887,677 A943,110 A877,521 A927,905 A
Production quantity3,855,327 A4,046,531 A3,890,006 A3,346,020 A3,123,197 A
Yield47,495 Fc45,586 Fc41,247 Fc38,130 Fc33,659 Fc
Oilcrops, Cake EquivalentArea harvested805,945 A882,075 A938,012 A865,502 A923,683 A
Production quantity715,223 A874,134 A914,237 A834,442 A736,663 A
Yield8,874 Fc9,910 Fc9,747 Fc9,641 Fc7,975 Fc
Oilcrops, Oil EquivalentArea harvested811,737 A887,677 A943,110 A877,521 A927,905 A
Production quantity637,442 A644,746 A628,108 A581,291 A534,065 A
Yield7,853 Fc7,263 Fc6,660 Fc6,624 Fc5,756 Fc
OkraArea harvested4,3873,4433,5183,4301,075
Production quantity42,20733,14533,13029,6029,674
Yield96,209 Fc96,268 Fc94,173 Fc86,303 Fc89,991 Fc
OlivesArea harvested5,4605,2003,0295,0942,896
Production quantity25,42215,10712,87921,65013,049
Yield46,560 Fc29,052 Fc42,519 Fc42,501 Fc45,059 Fc
Onions, dryArea harvested47,95250,16851,66651,50450,693
Production quantity1,487,1021,572,6081,620,3181,635,0491,518,972
Yield310,123 Fc313,468 Fc313,614 Fc317,461 Fc299,641 Fc
Onions, shallots, greenArea harvested7,514 Im7,532 Im7,550 Im7,590 Im8,059 Im
Production quantity85,189 Im85,701 Im86,213 Im86,993 Im92,842 Im
Yield113,374 Fc113,783 Fc114,189 Fc114,615 Fc115,203 Fc
OrangesArea harvested329,561326,689320,794314,588318,380
Production quantity4,736,7154,737,9904,629,7584,603,2534,515,520
Yield143,728 Fc145,031 Fc144,322 Fc146,326 Fc141,828 Fc
PapayasArea harvested18,83917,92316,66416,82015,869
Production quantity1,083,1331,039,820961,768951,922883,593
Yield574,942 Fc580,160 Fc577,153 Fc565,946 Fc556,804 Fc
Peaches and nectarinesArea harvested25,20225,56225,57928,84629,538
Production quantity158,942160,663163,796176,909176,303
Yield63,067 Fc62,852 Fc64,035 Fc61,329 Fc59,687 Fc
PearsArea harvested3,7024,0894,1714,2094,137
Production quantity25,97929,97327,92926,95224,679
Yield70,176 Fc73,302 Fc66,960 Fc64,034 Fc59,654 Fc
Peas, dryArea harvested1,4811,4361,4511,9012,283
Production quantity1,9671,8762,0702,4383,043
Yield13,282 Fc13,064 Fc14,266 Fc12,825 Fc13,329 Fc
Peas, greenArea harvested11,47211,68411,25412,05912,849
Production quantity60,49363,35263,93460,86366,409
Yield52,731 Fc54,221 Fc56,810 Fc50,471 Fc51,684 Fc
Pepper (piper spp.)Area harvested3,2433,1863,1202,9592,664
Production quantity9,3849,1417,9515,2063,567
Yield28,936 Fc28,691 Fc25,484 Fc17,594 Fc13,390 Fc
PeppermintArea harvested6468286030
Production quantity610657347597369
Yield95,313 Fc96,618 Fc123,929 Fc99,500 Fc123,000 Fc
PersimmonsArea harvested444416
Production quantity54545351141
Yield135,000 Fc135,000 Fc132,500 Fc127,500 Fc88,125 Fc
PineapplesArea harvested22,58520,77120,00619,48918,865
Production quantity1,041,161999,593945,210875,839840,486
Yield460,997 Fc481,245 Fc472,463 Fc449,402 Fc445,527 Fc
PistachiosArea harvested107109127131129
Production quantity3961375458
Yield3,645 Fc5,596 Fc2,913 Fc4,122 Fc4,496 Fc
Plums and sloesArea harvested13,10114,75314,73714,60814,672
Production quantity72,90284,44783,60777,93172,207
Yield55,646 Fc57,241 Fc56,733 Fc53,348 Fc49,214 Fc
PotatoesArea harvested58,44260,30359,25664,34263,638
Production quantity1,783,8961,802,5921,715,4991,796,8141,727,346
Yield305,242 Fc298,922 Fc289,506 Fc279,260 Fc271,433 Fc
Pulses nesArea harvested824 Im862 Im728 Im478 Im727 Im
Production quantity659 Im700 F600 F400 F600 F
Yield7,998 Fc8,121 Fc8,242 Fc8,368 Fc8,253 Fc
Pulses, TotalArea harvested1,342,140 A1,829,868 A1,763,814 A1,680,608 A1,683,436 A
Production quantity1,222,143 A1,690,502 A1,516,597 A1,372,051 A1,273,204 A
Yield9,106 Fc9,238 Fc8,598 Fc8,164 Fc7,563 Fc
Pumpkins, squash and gourdsArea harvested33,94138,17736,61136,72134,188
Production quantity679,145776,073710,632677,048589,705
Yield200,096 Fc203,283 Fc194,103 Fc184,376 Fc172,489 Fc
QuincesArea harvested582598605588641
Production quantity5,1445,2175,0304,8535,182
Yield88,385 Fc87,241 Fc83,140 Fc82,534 Fc80,842 Fc
RapeseedArea harvested3,000 *2,000 *3,000 *5,000 *11,000 *
Production quantity2,000 *2,000 *1,000 *4,000 *11,000 *
Yield6,667 Fc10,000 Fc3,333 Fc8,000 Fc10,000 Fc
RaspberriesArea harvested7,0287,1516,3906,2083,673
Production quantity128,848130,187120,184112,66165,388
Yield183,335 Fc182,054 Fc188,081 Fc181,477 Fc178,023 Fc
Rice, paddyArea harvested38,51845,15041,56041,41240,638
Production quantity245,217283,763265,567254,043236,018
Yield63,663 Fc62,849 Fc63,900 Fc61,345 Fc58,078 Fc
Rice, paddy (rice milled equivalent)Production quantity163,560 Fc189,270 Fc177,133 Fc169,447 Fc157,424 Fc
Roots and tubers nesArea harvested7,8236,7997,2988,2267,154
Production quantity219,004205,532216,509246,726193,203
Yield279,949 Fc302,297 Fc296,669 Fc299,934 Fc270,063 Fc
Roots and Tubers, TotalArea harvested71,952 A72,931 A72,372 A78,091 A76,091 A
Production quantity2,125,539 A2,139,964 A2,063,365 A2,153,158 A2,022,427 A
Yield295,411 Fc293,423 Fc285,105 Fc275,724 Fc265,791 Fc
Rubber, naturalArea harvested27,24225,41825,66823,09922,849
Production quantity79,97975,92368,76562,35164,913
Yield29,359 Fc29,870 Fc26,790 Fc26,993 Fc28,410 Fc
RyeArea harvested851215 Im25
Production quantity1492220 Im38
Yield17,500 Fc18,000 Fc18,333 Fc13,333 Fc15,200 Fc
Safflower seedArea harvested27,82826,70944,98665,755128,357
Production quantity51,65558,67570,387121,767126,395
Yield18,562 Fc21,968 Fc15,646 Fc18,518 Fc9,847 Fc
Seed cottonArea harvested207,246240,580211,917104,374133,232
Production quantity916,9841,162,6031,009,103487,914593,439
Yield44,246 Fc48,325 Fc47,618 Fc46,747 Fc44,542 Fc
Sesame seedArea harvested81,87378,65676,08690,03979,010
Production quantity57,81157,25654,82459,41251,605
Yield7,061 Fc7,279 Fc7,206 Fc6,598 Fc6,531 Fc
SisalArea harvested8,691 Im6,8196,4627,2617,223
Production quantity12,387 Im9,00812,81312,37111,731
Yield14,253 Fc13,210 Fc19,828 Fc17,038 Fc16,241 Fc
SorghumArea harvested1,324,7831,300,5281,427,8011,513,0151,658,674
Production quantity4,352,9474,531,0974,853,1105,005,8375,195,389
Yield32,858 Fc34,840 Fc33,990 Fc33,085 Fc31,323 Fc
SoybeansArea harvested145,994190,628262,602277,802249,979
Production quantity232,680324,011432,927509,114341,088
Yield15,938 Fc16,997 Fc16,486 Fc18,327 Fc13,645 Fc
Spices nesArea harvested661 Im736 Im680 Im623 Im588 Im
Production quantity4,587 Im5,100 F4,700 F4,300 F4,049 Im
Yield69,395 Fc69,293 Fc69,118 Fc69,021 Fc68,861 Fc
SpinachArea harvested2,4472,4362,5243,0532,769
Production quantity38,73644,80347,63141,96739,739
Yield158,300 Fc183,920 Fc188,712 Fc137,462 Fc143,514 Fc
StrawberriesArea harvested16,42913,65213,85011,09110,073
Production quantity861,337653,639658,436468,248392,625
Yield524,278 Fc478,786 Fc475,405 Fc422,187 Fc389,780 Fc
String beansArea harvested12,931 Im12,732 Im12,532 Im12,330 Im12,184 Im
Production quantity131,620 Im129,149 Im126,679 Im124,208 Im124,263 Im
Yield101,786 Fc101,437 Fc101,084 Fc100,736 Fc101,989 Fc
Sugar beetArea harvested333 Im246 Im137 Im95 Im70 Im
Production quantity891 Im874 Im853 Im843 Im834 Im
Yield26,757 Fc35,528 Fc62,263 Fc88,737 Fc119,143 Fc
Sugar caneArea harvested795,984785,905772,003781,054758,608
Production quantity59,334,05956,841,52356,954,99356,446,82155,396,061
Yield745,418 Fc723,262 Fc737,756 Fc722,701 Fc730,233 Fc
Sugar Crops PrimaryArea harvested796,317 A786,151 A772,140 A781,149 A758,678 A
Production quantity59,334,950 A56,842,397 A56,955,846 A56,447,664 A55,396,895 A
Yield745,117 Fc723,047 Fc737,636 Fc722,624 Fc730,177 Fc
Sunflower seedArea harvested2,7796,8267,0838,53115,336
Production quantity4,9139,7518,8628,96914,399
Yield17,679 Fc14,285 Fc12,512 Fc10,513 Fc9,389 Fc
Sweet potatoesArea harvested3,1043,3343,7793,4703,297
Production quantity59,35867,48677,17868,43563,108
Yield191,231 Fc202,418 Fc204,229 Fc197,219 Fc191,410 Fc
Tangerines, mandarins, clementines, satsumasArea harvested34,29433,58933,92833,60533,669
Production quantity486,411507,878492,495467,451486,189
Yield141,836 Fc151,204 Fc145,159 Fc139,102 Fc144,403 Fc
Tobacco, unmanufacturedArea harvested6,8176,5527,5387,0406,671
Production quantity16,95215,18117,24315,86412,999
Yield24,867 Fc23,170 Fc22,875 Fc22,534 Fc19,486 Fc
TomatoesArea harvested87,91790,32392,99393,37691,989
Production quantity4,271,9144,559,3754,243,0584,047,1713,782,314
Yield485,903 Fc504,786 Fc456,277 Fc433,427 Fc411,170 Fc
Treenuts, TotalArea harvested167,073 A161,631 A154,604 A147,515 A143,360 A
Production quantity307,412 A292,696 A277,648 A269,224 A249,794 A
Yield18,400 Fc18,109 Fc17,959 Fc18,251 Fc17,424 Fc
TriticaleArea harvested8,19711,1546,22911,62613,648
Production quantity23,03925,40317,13536,38140,123
Yield28,107 Fc22,775 Fc27,508 Fc31,293 Fc29,398 Fc
VanillaArea harvested862866958979945
Production quantity522495515513482
Yield6,056 Fc5,716 Fc5,376 Fc5,240 Fc5,101 Fc
Vegetables PrimaryArea harvested681,630 A703,734 A702,994 A711,186 A672,735 A
Production quantity15,226,085 A16,154,509 A15,494,630 A14,299,146 A13,219,509 A
Yield223,378 Fc229,554 Fc220,409 Fc201,061 Fc196,504 Fc
Vegetables, fresh nesArea harvested104,915 Im103,479 Im102,033 Im100,577 Im98,927 Im
Production quantity896,078 Im880,725 Im865,372 Im850,018 Im837,382 Im
Yield85,410 Fc85,111 Fc84,813 Fc84,514 Fc84,646 Fc
Vegetables, leguminous nesArea harvested11,39711,80711,60113,10213,192
Production quantity71,78575,23276,15882,16881,312
Yield62,986 Fc63,718 Fc65,648 Fc62,714 Fc61,637 Fc
VetchesArea harvested7,7747,7308,6039,3239,914
Production quantity97,23093,96699,633119,799123,314
Yield125,071 Fc121,560 Fc115,812 Fc128,498 Fc124,384 Fc
Walnuts, with shellArea harvested102,06896,90990,22883,51379,080
Production quantity171,368159,535147,198141,818122,714
Yield16,790 Fc16,462 Fc16,314 Fc16,982 Fc15,518 Fc
WatermelonsArea harvested39,34741,11841,42238,67235,330
Production quantity1,345,7051,472,4591,331,5081,199,6481,020,269
Yield342,010 Fc358,106 Fc321,449 Fc310,211 Fc288,783 Fc
WheatArea harvested586,543541,345661,450723,559819,928
Production quantity3,244,0622,943,4453,503,5213,862,9143,710,706
Yield55,308 Fc54,373 Fc52,967 Fc53,388 Fc45,256 Fc
Yautia (cocoyam)Area harvested482495529340244
Production quantity36,12838,33035,19020,20516,552
Yield749,544 Fc774,343 Fc665,217 Fc594,265 Fc678,361 Fc
Flag
No flag = Official data
* = Unofficial figure
A = Aggregate, may include official, semi-official, estimated or calculated data
F = FAO estimate
Fc = Calculated data
Im = FAO data based on imputation methodology
M = Data not available

Units
Area harvested = ha
Production quantity = tonnes
Yield = hg/ha

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (2021). FAOSTAT - Food and agriculture data, http://www.fao.org/faostat/. Reproduced with permission.

Land Usage

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Land Use   2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Agricultural landArea106,891 Fm106,964 Fm104,992 Fm103,212 Fm101,407 Fm
AgricultureArea106,891 Fc106,964 Fc104,992 Fc103,263 Fc101,423 Fc
Agriculture area under organic agric.Area183 I674 I674 I584 I501 I
Arable landArea23,905 Fm23,905 Fm22,167 Fm20,611 Fm19,117 Fm
Country areaArea196,438 Q196,438 Q196,438 Q196,438 Q196,438 Q
CroplandArea26,612 Fm26,574 Fm24,792 Fm23,306 Fm21,794 Fm
Cropland area under organic agric.Area158 I
Forest landArea65,948 Q66,075 Q66,203 Q66,331 Q66,453 Fm
Inland watersArea2,043 Fm2,043 Fm2,043 Fm2,043 Fm2,043 Fm
Land areaArea194,395 Q194,395 Q194,395 Q194,395 Q194,395 Q
Land area equipped for irrigationArea6,811 Fm6,811 Q6,749 Fm6,687 Fm6,624 Fm
Land under perm. meadows and pasturesArea80,279 Fm80,390 Fm80,200 Fm79,906 Fm79,613 Fm
Land under permanent cropsArea2,707 Q2,669 Q2,625 Q2,695 Q2,677 Q
Land with temporary fallowArea5,080 Fm5,080 Fm5,080 Fm5,080 Fm5,080 W
Naturally regenerating forestArea65,854 Q65,985 Q66,116 Q66,247 Q66,373 Fm
Other landArea21,556 Fc21,356 Fc23,200 Fc24,801 Fc26,519 Fc
Perm. meadows & pastures - CultivatedArea2,427 Q2,538 Q2,614 Q2,587 Q2,560 Q
Perm. meadows & pastures - Nat. growingArea77,852 Fm77,852 W77,586 Fm77,319 Fm77,053 Fm
Perm. meadows & pastures area under organic agric.Area26 I
Planted ForestArea94 Q90 Q87 Q84 Q80 Fm
Primary ForestArea33,056 Fm33,056 Fm33,056 Q33,078 Fm
Agriculture area certified organicArea626 I
Land under protective coverArea51 Q16 Q
Agriculture area actually irrigatedArea5,869 Q
Cropland area certified organicArea
Perm. meadows & pastures area certified organicArea
Flag
Fc = Calculated data
Fm = Manual Estimation
I = Country data reported by International Organizations where the country is a member (Semi-official) - WTO, EU, UNSD, etc.
Q = Official data reported on FAO Questionnaires from countries
W = Data reported on country official publications or web sites (Official) or trade country files

Units
Area = 1000 ha

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (2021). FAOSTAT - Food and agriculture data, http://www.fao.org/faostat/. Reproduced with permission.
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